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Anoop

Abhilash

Nikunj

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ContentsyVegetable cultivationin India

y Punjabandits geographic conditions

y SupplyChainschematicyVegetables growninPunjab

y Problems & improvements required

y Exportsdetails

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Vegetable Cultivation in Indiay Secondlargest producer ofvegetablesin theworld 71

million MT inaround 6.2 millionhectaresofland

y Accountsfor about 15% oftheworldsproductionofvegetables.

y potato, tomato,onion, cabbage and caulifloweraccount for around 60% ofthe totalvegetable

productionin the country.

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Punjab- major vegetable cultivatory TwoSeasons mainly Kharif and Rabi

yVegetable crops

y Paddyy Oilseeds

y Pulses

y Sugarcane

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Geographic Conditionsy Geography and Climate: Punjabis the northwest

state ofIndiasituatedat 290 - 32/ to 320-32/North

latitude and 730-55/ to 760-50/ East longitude.y Bordered to the northbyJammuand Kashmir, to the

northeast byHimachalPradesh, to the southandsoutheast byHaryanaand to the southwest by

Rajasthan.y The totalareaofthe state is 50,362 square kilometres

(occupying 1.54 % ofthe countrys total geographicalarea.)

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y The state ofPunjabliesin the sub-tropicalbelt andissituatedin the North-west ofIndiansub-continent. It liesover 1600 Km. awayfrom the BayofBengal. The Shivaliks

are onitsNorth-Westernboarder and Rajasthandesertsarein the South.

y These factorsdetermine its climatic conditions. Winterseasonis cool extending from the endofOctober to theendofMarch. The summer seasonlastsfromApril to June.

y The annual rainfallinPunjab rangesbetween 250 mm and1000 mm. Some cyclone rainfalloccurs mainlyfromDecember to January& Marchisbeneficial to the Rabicrops

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y . Climaticallythe state has three major seasons.

y Hotweather (April to June)when temperature risesas

highas 440 C.y Rainyseason (JulytoSeptember).Average rainfall

annual rangesbetween 960 mmsub-mountain regionand 460 mm in the plains.

y Coldweather (October to March). Temperature goesdownaslowas 40 C.

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List of vegetablesChilli (Mirch)

Capsicum annuum

annuum

Lal, CH-I, Surkh, Gachhedar CH3, Sirhind, Sanauri,

Jalandhari, Sathi, Loungi, Shahkoti

Capsicum (Simla

Mirch)Capsicum annuum

27

Okra (Bindi)

Abelmoschus esculentum

Pusa, Sawani, Padmani, Punjab-7, Punjab-8, Pb.

Kranti, Pb. Varsha, Uphan A-11

Bottle gourd (Ghia Kaddu) Punjab Round, Punjab Komal Early long, Pspl, Pusa

Nailin, America Pb.Hyprid No 13,Pb14

Summersquash (Chappan

Kaddu)

chappan kaddu-1

Squash melon (Tinda) S-48 ( tinda), /light green, Dark green.

Bittergoud (Karela) C-96, Pb.14, small proited, --karela, Meetha Karela,

Roundish karelaPumpkin (Halwa Kaddu) Large red, large round, yellow flesh and red flesh

Sponge gourd and ridge

gourd (Ghiaand Kalitori)

Pusa Chikni, Sadabahar (5-10)

Ash-gourd (Petha)

Benincasa hispida

Local variety

Musk melon (Kharbuza) Punjab Hybrid, Punjabsunehri, Punjab Rasila, Hara

Madhu, PR.M.M28, Hari dhari, Kajri, Sarda, Musa,

Phut, Wa---

Water melon (Tarbuz) Sugarbaby shipper

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Long melon(Tur)

Borassus flabellifer

long melon-I, L.Early Pb. Selecton

Cucumber (Khira) Balam khiraand Punjab No.1 poinsetic, Hybrid,

Jalandhari, hoshiarpuri, dark of light colouredgurdaspurtype

Wanga Wanga No.1

rum ( r bi) S11, S

Sweet Potato V2, V6 and V

Brinjal a) Long fruited: Pusa purple long, pb.barsati, Pb.

sada bahar Baingan.

b) Round fruited: Pb. No.8, Punjab Bahar, JamuniGola, Pb. Neelam, chamkila

c) Small fruited: Punjab Moti

d) Oblong fruited: BH1 and BH2

Cowpea Cowpea-263 Pusa Komal, Pusa 152, cowpea-

74

Kharifonion N-53, DR, S-48, selection no.1

Tomato (Tamatar) S12,Pb.Tropic, Pb. Chhuahara, Pb.Kesri, Pb.N.R.7, TH 2312, selection no. 1

Radish (Muli) Desi: Pb Safeda, Pusa chetki, Pb. geti, Pb.

Pasand Eng:Japanese White Pusa Himani, Egg

white, Pusa reshmi Icicle

Turnip (Shalgam) Desi: 4-White, 4 Red L1

Eng: Golden Ball, Snow Ball, Purple Topwhite

globe

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Carrot (Gajar) No.29 ,Selection 21, Selecton 233, Pusa kesser, yelloe,

lightorange, black orange, Patiali

Spinach (Palak) Pb.selection

Pb.Green

Fenugreek (Methi)

Foenicum

Kasuri Methi Marwari

Onion (Rabi Piaz) Pb. Red round,Punjab Selection Punjab-48 and

Pb.Naroya N.53, ADR, Pro-6

Potato (Alu) Kufri chanramukhi, kufri ashoka, kufri lalima, kufri

jawahar, kufri bahar, kufri joyti, kufri sutlej,kufri

sandhuri,kufri badshah Kufri Shakti k.alankar, K. Sheetam

Cauliflower (Phul Gobhi) Gaint snowball, Pb.Gaint-26,Snowball 16, Pusa snowball-1 and pusa snowball K1, Early Kumari

Cabbage (Bandh Gobhi) Drum Head Early, Pride of. Golden-Acre

Knol-Knol (Gandh gobhi) Earliestwhite, white

Chinese cabbage (Chini

sarson)

Chinese sarson

Pea (matar) Arkel, mattar, Ageta 6, Bonneville, Pb.87, Pb.88, Mithi

Phali. P.35, T. 163, PG.3 Harabone, P-8, P-23, Kardiarea

hara --type

Garlic (Lasan) 56-4, Pb. Garlic 1

G-282

Lettuce (Salad) Lettuce No.1

Sponge gourd Light coloured, dark coloured, white seeded, ageli round

Dolichorsorsem Fruittype

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Status of horticulturey totalnet sownarea - 42.01 lakh ha

y 2.05 lakh hectareswhichaccountsfor 4.8 % ofthe net

sownarea horticulture growny Areaunder fruit cropsis 0.47 lakh hectares (ha)

y 1.58 lakh haisundervegetable cropswhichaccountsfor 2.5 % ofthe totalvegetable productionin

the country.

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Vegetable productiony Punjabisaleading state in termsofproductionof

vegetables.

yThe totalareaundervegetable cropis 1.58 lakh ha.

with the productionof27 lakh tonnes.

y The annualproductivityofthe state is 16.8 MT/haascompared to the average nationalproductivityof14

Mt/ha.y The majorvegetables grownin the state are

cauliflower,peas,potato,onion, chillies, tomato,brinjal

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State wise production of

vegetables in India

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States Area (ha) Production (tonnes)

Andhra Pradesh 316030 1200211

Arunachal Pradesh 26300 69360

Assam 91497

Bihar 368000 444500

Goa 170 590

Gujarat 97000 1277700

Har ana 55400 418700

Himachal Pradesh 25680 249150

Jammu & Kashmir 13600 93000

Karnataka 121260 1876358

Kerala 15250 143484

Madh a Pradesh 854442 1372077

Maharashtra 309300 115700

Manipur 1450 60500

Meghagla a 40130 111360

Mizoram 2100 6263

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Nagaland 62700 42820

Orissa 566320 4200390

Punjab 99800 2146000

Rajasthan 41876 143381

Sikkim 3800 23000

TamilNadu 51295 551200

Tripura 22500 174000

Uttar Pradesh 757966 9774900 West Bengal 376000 2760914

Andaman andNicobar

2700 16200

Chandigarh - 1970

DadarNagaraveli

- 13460

Delhi 3325 266522

Lakhshadweep 325 368

Pandicherry 141 1128

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Supply chain Schematic

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Problemsy Lackofeducationandawarenessabout opportunities.y Lackofmarket knowledge and marketing skills.y Lackofprofessionalism andsmalllandholding.y Fallingwater levelsandlackofirrigationfacilities.y Expensive credit.y Manyintermediarieswhoincrease cost but donot add

muchvalue.y Laws that stifle private investment.y Controlledprices.y Poor infrastructure.y Inappropriate R&D- agriculture isastate subject,and most

stateshave little funds toinvest invegetable R&D.

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A Reporty Hyderabad,Sep 15: Bharti Enterprisesvice chairman,

Rajan Bharti Mittal informed that the company,which

has twodistribution centresin HaryanaandPunjab,contactedwith 150 farmersinPunjab tobuyvegetablesdirectlyfrom them ona trialbasis

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Some Steps Takeny Net CultivationbyPAU

y PunjabState Farmers Commission Net house

implementationy Punjab Water Supply& Sewage Board takes care of

sewage facilityandirrigationfacility.

y Dripand microirrigationsystem

y Laser leveler technology Conservationofwater

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Co operative modelyVerka andSohna bothbasedon the highlysuccessful

cooperative model,are reaching out to the grassroots

providing asource ofincome and enterprise to thefarmersofPunjab.

y Sohna, establishedwaybackin 1954,has 3047 societiesfrom whichit procures raw materials. It also

distributesagrochemicals at discounted rates tofarmers. Sohna exports most ofitsproduce ofBasmati, readyto eat foodsandpreserves toNorth

America,Europe andSouthEastAsia.

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yVerka, relativelyyoung hasachieved much more. Oneofthe most popular brandsofmilkand milkproducts

innorthern India,y it isalarge supplier to the IndianArmedforces.

y Ofits 5300 cooperative societies, 790 are runsolelybywomen, towhom it alsoprovides training.

yVerka currentlyexports to the Middle East,SouthEastAsia,AfghanistanandOceana.

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Exportsy To Middle east,SEAsia,Afghanistan,Oceana,UK,

UAE, Denmark, France, Germanyand Holland etc

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y TheAgriculturalandProcessed FoodProductsExportDevelopmentAuthority (APEDA) hasidentified

traditionaland non-traditionalvegetableswith goodexport potential.

y As manyas 63varietiesvegetable are tradedin theworld market.

y

The PunjabAgri Export Corporation (PAGREXCO)hadachievedsuccessin marketing offreshvegetables(2000 kg) from Punjab to the UK

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THANK YOU