PuppetConf 2016: Puppet on Windows – Nicolas Corrarello, Puppet

Puppet on WindowsEnsuring you make the right first steps in managing your Windows configuration

Nicolas Corrarello Senior Technical Solutions Engineer | Puppet

sgtpepper @ irc.freenode.net

http://irc.freenode.net

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Agenda

• Introduction • The Puppet RAL • Windows Specific Resources (and interfaces!) • Modules

• Profiles and Roles

• So where did my configuration go? (Data Separation) • Ten first things… • An example role


Puppet on Windows 5

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The Puppet RALThat’s Resource Abstraction Layer

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The Puppet RAL

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service { 'wuauserv': ensure => 'running', enable => 'true', }



Windows specific resources

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Extending the Puppet RAL: Windows specific

10sgtpepper @ irc.freenode.net


Interfaces…Managing a Windows system is super easy. Managing thousands of Windows systems…

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Unix/Linux Windows

Text files, generally under /etc

Win32 API Registry Text Files (Generally INI) (Power)Shell GUI WinRM Proprietary / Binary Files



And not all interfaces perform alike…

12Puppet on Windows

Modules

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Modeling configuration: The BGInfo example

Requirements

● Package needs to be installed ● Configuration files created ● Run at login

● Loads of system info

How is this not a module, right?



package { 'bginfo': ensure => installed, provider => 'chocolatey', } file { $bgipath: ensure => file, source => $bgifile, require => Package['bginfo'], } if $setonstart { file { 'C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\StartUp\bginfo.bat': ensure => file, content => template('bginfo/bginfo.bat.erb'), } }

What BGInfo needs…

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Package: Thanks Chocolatey, no need for complex MSIs

Configuration File: Ok static is not ideal, but you know, MVP

Startup Script: Templated so it works on all systems



Raw?



Medium rare?



Assumptions

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Requirements

● Package pre-requirements ● Firewall rules ● ESC ● Required values ● Things for which you don’t have defaults ● Sane defaults ● Are you breaking something else? ● Are you going outside what your module

is supposed to do

ASSUMPTION

THE MOTHER OF ALL BAD THINGS



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Profiles & Roles

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technology-specific wrapper classes

business-specific wrapper classes



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“One final note before we move on – the terms ‘Roles’ and ‘Profiles’ are ENTIRELY ARBITRARY. They’re not magic reserve words in Puppet, and you can call them whatever [..] you want. It’s also been pointed out that Craig MIGHT have misnamed them (a ROLE should be a model for an individual piece of tech, and a PROFILE should probably be a group of roles)…”

Gary Larizza Feb 17th, 2014 Extracted from www.garylarizza.com


http://www.garylarizza.com


Profile module

Kind of good… not that reusable Better

Technology related classes that get applied to one or more nodes. One per manifest, with the right naming convention.

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class profile::windows::baseline { class { 'domain_membership': domain => 'CONTOSO', username => 'domainadmin', password => 'd0n0tst3alth1s.', join_options => '3', }

class { 'bginfo': setonstart => true, addtrustedsite => true, }}

class profile::windows::baseline { include domain_membership include bginfo}



Where did my configuration go?Enter Hiera

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Hiera: Lightweight Pluggable Hierarchical Database

Hierarchical storage of data, based on facts

● Different kind of data structures, from key / value to array

● Multiple backends (Default, YAML files)

Separate your code from your data, as you know… when you write any kind of software!



Sensitive data?

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--- plain-property: You can see me

encrypted-property: > ENC[PKCS7,Y22exl+OvjDe+drmik2XEeD3VQtl1uZJXFFF2NnrMXDWx0csyqLB/2NOWefv NBTZfOlPvMlAesyr4bUY4I5XeVbVk38XKxeriH69EFAD4CahIZlC8lkE/uDh jJGQfh052eonkungHIcuGKY/5sEbbZl/qufjAtp/ufor15VBJtsXt17tXP4y l5ZP119Fwq8xiREGOL0lVvFYJz2hZc1ppPCNG5lwuLnTekXN/OazNYpf4CMd /HjZFXwcXRtTlzewJLc+/gox2IfByQRhsI/AgogRfYQKocZgFb/DOZoXR7wm IZGeunzwhqfmEtGiqpvJJQ5wVRdzJVpTnANBA5qxeA==]

If you want to learn more about just how to work with sensitive data, see “Nice and Secure: Good OpSec Hygiene with Puppet” at 3.45 PM



Roles

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● Roles only include profiles ● Every node is classified with one role ● Roles can use inheritance ● A slightly different role is another role

class role::windows::ecommerceweb { include profile::windows::baseline include profile::windows::dmzhost include profile::windows::iis include profile::windows::webapp}



Ten first things…An example profile

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An example profile, 10 first things

● Windows Firewall ● Filesystem ACLs ● Windows Time ● Monitoring Agent ● Registry Keys

What are the 10 first things you configure on a Windows system?

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● Domain Membership ● BGInfo ● Antivirus ● Logon message ● Local Administrator



Domain Membership

● Not a Puppet Supported Module ● Widely used ● Authored by Tom Linkin ● Use Hiera for data separation

Module trlinkin/domain_membership

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class { 'domain_membership': domain => 'puppet.example', username => 'joinmember', password => 'sUp3r_s3cR3t!', join_options => '3',}



BGInfo

● Not a Puppet Supported Module

● Not widely used

● Authored by yours truly

Module ncorrare/bginfo

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include bginfo



Antivirus… Which?

● If you have an MSI, use the package type, part of the core Puppet functionality

● Chocolatey packaging allows versioning! ● Do you need to configure something?

Model around it

Do you require to model configuration? Is it a centralised solution?

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package { 'clamwin': ensure => present, provider => chocolatey, }



Logon Message

● Supported module ● Sets the registry keys ● Supports templates!

Module puppetlabs/motd

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class { 'motd': content => “Hello World!”,}



Local Administrator

● Both are supported

● DSC support more Windows Specific attributes

User resource / DSC User resource provided by the puppetlabs/dsc module

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dsc_user { 'localadmin': dsc_username => 'localadmin', dsc_description => 'Local Administrator user', dsc_ensure => present, dsc_password => { 'user' => 'localadmin', 'password' => 'very.secret' }, dsc_passwordneverexpires => false, dsc_disabled => true,}

user { 'localadmin': ensure => present, password => 'very.secret',}



Windows Firewall

● Supported ● Manage by exception

DSC xFirewall resource provided by puppetlabs/dsc

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dsc_xfirewall { 'Allow WinRM': dsc_name => "$name Allow WinRM", dsc_ensure => 'present', dsc_direction => 'Inbound', dsc_localport => '5985', dsc_protocol => 'TCP', dsc_action => 'Allow', }



Filesystem ACLs

● Supported ● Set full ACLs

ACL resource provided by puppetlabs/acl

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acl { 'c:/tempperms': permissions => [ { identity => 'Administrator', rights => ['full'] }, { identity => 'Users', rights => ['read','execute'] } ],}



Windows Time Configuration

Registry Keys, Commands, Settings, Active Directory… or ncorrare/windowstime

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class { 'windowstime': servers => { 'pool.ntp.org' => '0x01', 'time.windows.com' => '0x01', }}

● Modeling registry keys and services

● Or BYORK (Bring your own registry key)



Monitoring Agent… Which?

● If you have an MSI, use the package type, part of the core Puppet functionality

● Chocolatey packaging allows versioning! ● Do you need to configure something? Model around it ● SCOM? Check https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/

system-center-docs/om/manage/install-agent-using-the-command-line

Do you require to model configuration? Is it a centralised solution?

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package { 'SCOM': ensure => present, source => ‘MoMAgent.msi’, }


https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/system-center-docs/om/manage/install-agent-using-the-command-line


Registry Keys

registry_key / registry_value resources provided by the puppetlabs/registry module

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registry_key { 'HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Puppet': ensure => present,}



An example roleWho wants cake?

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An example role, FourthCoffee

What do I need to make this work?

● Baseline Profile ● IIS Profile ● FourthCoffee Profile



Steal this code!

● https://github.com/ncorrare/puppetconf2016-control ● Slides will be posted shortly ● Talk to a Linux sysad, you probably have more in common than you think!

Try it, break it, play with it, share it (just not on production)



Questions

Date post:	16-Jan-2017
Category:	Technology
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