P.vijayalakshmi

8/9/2019 P.vijayalakshmi

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Human Rights of mentally ill

P.Vijayalakshmi Reddy, MSN

NIMHANS


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Introduction:

People with mental disabilities all overthe world eperien!e h"man ri#htsviolation, sti#ma and dis!rimination.

people are locked away in traditionalmental hospitals.

they are continuously shackled androutinely beaten.

People with mental disabilities all overthe world eperien!e h"man ri#htsviolation, sti#ma and dis!rimination.

people are locked away in traditionalmental hospitals.

they are continuously shackled and

routinely beaten.


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Why???.....

Because it is believed that mental illness isevil and that the afflicted are possessed bybad spirits.

Some Countries continue to lock up patientsin 'caged beds' for hours, days, weeks, orsometimes even months or years.

Even Children are tied to their beds, lying in

soiled beds or clothing, and receiving nostimulation or rehabilitation for theircondition.

Why???.....Why???.....Why???.....Why???.....


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In many !o"ntries people do not havea!!ess to basi! mental health !are.

$hey are mar#inali%ed and ostra!i%ed&rom so!iety.

'!l"ded &rom !omm"nity li&e anddenied basi! ri#hts s"!h as shelter, &ood

and !lothin#. (is!riminated a#ainst in the &ields o&

employment, ed"!ation and ho"sin# d"e

to their mental disability.
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thehindu.com/fline/fl1817/18171284.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.thehindu.com/fline/fl1817/18171280.htm&usg=__sqrZzBIuxOJcnMIyNEltHnT8dJ4=&h=309&w=250&sz=30&hl=en&start=3&tbnid=TGwv9z-PR-ka_M:&tbnh=117&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dervadi%2Bmental%2Bhealth%2Bincidents%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/2001/08/26/images/13260611.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/2001/08/26/stories/13260611.htm&usg=__jvAK3xR_MPWzE16hdRRWHGGLfVs=&h=172&w=250&sz=16&hl=en&start=5&tbnid=MW1PeK4b3GENbM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dervadi%2Bmental%2Bhealth%2Bincidents%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.thehindu.com/fline/fl1817/18171284.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.thehindu.com/fline/fl1817/18171280.htm&usg=__sqrZzBIuxOJcnMIyNEltHnT8dJ4=&h=309&w=250&sz=30&hl=en&start=3&tbnid=TGwv9z-PR-ka_M:&tbnh=117&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dervadi%2Bmental%2Bhealth%2Bincidents%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG


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Many are denied the ri#ht to vote, marry andhave !hildren.

)onse*"en!e to this many people with mental

disabilities are livin# in etreme poverty whi!h int"rn, a&&e!ts their ability to #ain a!!ess toappropriate !are, inte#rate into so!iety andre!over &rom their illness.

$hese violations are not j"st an iss"e &ordevelopin# !o"ntries. Many o& the ab"ses arealso o!!"rrin# in developed !o"ntries.
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_awkj68fMcU0/RsgKVmd_OjI/AAAAAAAAAGU/PpOCLyjKfO4/s400/victims.gif&imgrefurl=http://bdeen.blogspot.com/2007_08_01_archive.html&usg=__-QISDFXeCy7_apjGrKF9keprbNw=&h=334&w=400&sz=295&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=J88a0fKMH77RLM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dervadi%2Bmental%2Bhealth%2Bincidents%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG


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Human Rights are:

Are #"aranteed by internationalstandards+

Are le#ally prote!ted+

o!"s on the di#nity o& the h"manbein#+

Prote!t individ"als and #ro"ps+

-bli#e states and state se!tors+ )an not be waived or taken away+

Are interdependent and interrelated

Are "niversal.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.stabroeknews.com/images/2008/08/20080814_firegeorgetownhospital.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.stabroeknews.com/2008/news/local/08/14/gphc-wards-gutted/&usg=__34VtjtlTPcGY0QVFQOlhjE8ezKY=&h=450&w=600&sz=91&hl=en&start=118&tbnid=5EKGdaX4z_AJPM:&tbnh=101&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%2Binthe%2Bworld%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D108


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Issues in Mental Health leading to

violation of Human Rights:

. /a!k o& a!!ess to hi#h *"ality !are.

0.

Mental health, b"d#ets andspendin#.

1. Shorta#e o& health pro&essionals.

2. )ondition o& mental hospitals inIndia.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://images.publicradio.org/content/2009/08/17/20090817_derryl-jenkins-in-the-hospital_33.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.secretsofthecity.com/talk/posts/police-brutality&usg=__yN1aYbr0ppLssWvK5XY4Q6mvrkg=&h=398&w=650&sz=28&hl=en&start=73&tbnid=LXGVf_NBO0dxCM:&tbnh=84&tbnw=137&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%2Binthe%2Bworld%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D72http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/images/2009/0718/1224250888927_1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/weekend/2009/0718/1224250888927.html&usg=__UksXTeRJgmrZpqCnUX-sWLZ4TwQ=&h=383&w=600&sz=63&hl=en&start=32&tbnid=zJJIGddjvinswM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%2Binthe%2Bworld%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D18


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3. State poli!y in mental health.

4. Mental illness and (isability .

5. Mental Health A!t, 675 8 la!k o&re&orms9

'+ 1 o"t o& 2 types o& admission inthe a!t are invol"ntary!ommitments.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://clearwisdom.net/emh/article_images/2007-4-16-weihua.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.clearwisdom.net/html/articles/2007/7/16/87721.html&usg=__ONITp192V__sQeAdGOlp2bZe6yc=&h=500&w=855&sz=80&hl=en&start=77&tbnid=ENc7XVowSbE5CM:&tbnh=85&tbnw=145&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%2Binthe%2Bworld%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D72http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://clearwisdom.net/emh/article_images/2007-4-16-weihua.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.clearwisdom.net/html/articles/2007/7/16/87721.html&usg=__ONITp192V__sQeAdGOlp2bZe6yc=&h=500&w=855&sz=80&hl=en&start=77&tbnid=ENc7XVowSbE5CM:&tbnh=85&tbnw=145&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%2Binthe%2Bworld%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D72


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Pro!ess o& applyin# the s"!h a!t ish"miliatin# &or patients.

/imitations on vol"ntary dis!har#e. A !ardia! patient may be dis!har#ed

on his own reason8 a psy!hiatri!patient will not be dis!har#ed "nder

present stat"e !on!ernin# the!"stodiali%ation o& the mentally ill.:se!2;


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NHR) report do!"mented >took

ei#ht years to set an emer#en!yamb"lan!e servi!e &or a mentally illpatient.

7. Media

6.$he nameless people9 !"stodialinstit"tions like be##ers home, jail,state home &or women, remand

homes et! have a lar#e proportiono& people with mental disorders.

;. ?"rden to the &amily and so!iety
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ananda.org/autobiography/images/yukteswar_hermitage_dining.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ananda.org/autobiography/&usg=__x558_fs2b4TZ2PsdvObEdatdToA=&h=650&w=717&sz=80&hl=en&start=10&tbnid=apN39CnqTzh6tM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dranchi%2Bmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ananda.org/autobiography/images/yukteswar_hermitage_dining.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ananda.org/autobiography/&usg=__x558_fs2b4TZ2PsdvObEdatdToA=&h=650&w=717&sz=80&hl=en&start=10&tbnid=apN39CnqTzh6tM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dranchi%2Bmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG


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Prevention of Human Rights violation

and promoting rights of persons with

Mental disabilities:

People with mental disabilities havethe same ri#hts as everybody else

In 0;;7 the @N )onvention on theRi#hts o& Persons with (isabilities:)RP(= advo!ated a wide ran#e o&ri#hts .

!ivil and politi!al ri#hts, the ri#ht to live in the !omm"nity


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For protection of Human Rights violation &

promotion of Rights , Government should:

IMPR-V' a!!ess to #ood *"alitymental health !are

R'SP')$ the ri#hts o& "sers o&mental health servi!es to!on&identiality and a!!ess toin&ormation

IN)/@(' servi!e "sers in de!isionmakin# pro!esses


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PR-$')$ a#ainst tort"re, !r"el,inh"man and de#radin# treatment

PR-VI(' a sa&e and hy#ieni!environment

PR-M-$' vol"ntary admission andtreatment in!l"din# &ree and

in&ormed !onsents


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WHO urges governments to:

. (evelop and implement poli!ies, plans, lawsand servi!es that promote h"man ri#hts.

0. Improve a!!ess to #ood *"ality mental

health treatment and !are.1. Prote!t a#ainst inh"man and de#radin#

treatment.

2. Involve mental health servi!e "sers and

&amilies.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://blog.cleveland.com/world_impact/2009/03/large_Militant-in-Gaza-hospital-Mar5-09.jpg&imgrefurl=http://comment-blog.advance.net/cgi-bin/mte/mt-search.cgi%3Ftag%3DGaza%26blog_id%3D4243&usg=__iJm0TxxFs-VevnC-AebByJ_CVpI=&h=315&w=453&sz=39&hl=en&start=71&tbnid=kAnwT9C4_u1PEM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=127&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%2Binthe%2Bworld%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D54http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://blog.cleveland.com/world_impact/2009/03/large_Militant-in-Gaza-hospital-Mar5-09.jpg&imgrefurl=http://comment-blog.advance.net/cgi-bin/mte/mt-search.cgi%3Ftag%3DGaza%26blog_id%3D4243&usg=__iJm0TxxFs-VevnC-AebByJ_CVpI=&h=315&w=453&sz=39&hl=en&start=71&tbnid=kAnwT9C4_u1PEM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=127&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%2Binthe%2Bworld%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D54


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3. )han#e attit"des and raiseawareness.

4. )reate me!hanisms to monitorh"man ri#hts !onditions.

5.$rain key stakeholders on theri#hts o& people with mental

disabilities.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.liverpool.com/assets/_files/images/jan_09/liv__1233245649_chain-desk-insert-.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sabotproductions.com/blog/&usg=__PM4_c0nEMfqQqvOP1VXnKRhN9MQ=&h=350&w=420&sz=45&hl=en&start=172&tbnid=aEXuMv3OQd87ZM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=125&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmental%2Bhospital%2Bincidents%2Binthe%2Bworld%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D162


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Strategies for nurses in promoting rightsof persons with mental disabilitiesN"rses have a vital role in the promotiono& mental health, prevention o& mentalillness and improvin# a!!ess to !are and

servi!es.

. Promote mental health and prevent illness.

0. Improve a!!ess to mental health !are

servi!es1. Stop e!l"sion and (are to !are.


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2. Promote !omm"nity parti!ipation inmental health servi!es plannin#,

operation and eval"ation.3. In&l"en!e poli!y makers and the

p"bli!.

4.Address ed"!ational needs o& healthpersonnel in mental health iss"es


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onclusion:


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!niversal declaration ofHuman Rights


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Article 1

All h"man bein#s are born &reeand e*"al in di#nity and

ri#hts.$hey are endowed withreason and !ons!ien!e andsho"ld a!t towards one

another in a spirit o&brotherhood.


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Article !

'veryone is entitled to all the ri#hts and&reedoms set &orth in this (e!laration,witho"t distin!tion o& any kind, s"!h as ra!e,!olo"r, se, lan#"a#e, reli#ion, politi!al orother opinion, national or so!ial ori#in,property, birth or other stat"s. "rthermore,no distin!tion shall be made on the basis o&the politi!al, j"risdi!tional or international

stat"s o& the !o"ntry or territory to whi!h aperson belon#s, whether it be independent,tr"st, non


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Article "

'veryone has the ri#ht to li&e,

liberty and se!"rity o& person.


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Article #

No one shall be held in slaveryor servit"de+ slavery and theslave trade shall be prohibited inall their &orms.


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Article %

'veryone has the ri#ht tore!o#nition everywhere as aperson be&ore the law.


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Article &

All are e*"al be&ore the law andare entitled witho"t anydis!rimination to e*"alprote!tion o& the law. All areentitled to e*"al prote!tiona#ainst any dis!rimination in

violation o& this (e!laration anda#ainst any in!itement to s"!hdis!rimination.


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Article '

'veryone has the ri#ht to an

e&&e!tive remedy by the!ompetent national trib"nals &ora!ts violatin# the &"ndamental

ri#hts #ranted him by the!onstit"tion or by law.


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Article (

No one shall be s"bje!ted to

arbitrary arrest, detention oreile.


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Article 1)

'veryone is entitled in &"lle*"ality to a &air and p"bli!

hearin# by an independent andimpartial trib"nal, in thedetermination o& his ri#hts and

obli#ations and o& any !riminal!har#e a#ainst him.


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Article 11

:= 'veryone !har#ed with a penal o&&en!ehas the ri#ht to be pres"med inno!ent"ntil proved #"ilty a!!ordin# to law in ap"bli! trial at whi!h he has had all the#"arantees ne!essary &or his de&en!e.

:0= No one shall be held #"ilty o& any penalo&&en!e on a!!o"nt o& any a!t or omission

whi!h did not !onstit"te a penal o&&en!e,"nder national or international law, at thetime when it was !ommitted. Nor shall aheavier penalty be imposed than the one

that was appli!able at the time the penalo&&en!e was !ommitted.


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Article 1!

No one shall be s"bje!ted toarbitrary inter&eren!e with his

priva!y, &amily, home or!orresponden!e, nor to atta!ks"pon his hono"r and rep"tation.'veryone has the ri#ht to the

prote!tion o& the law a#ainst s"!hinter&eren!e or atta!ks.


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Article 1"

:= 'veryone has the ri#ht to&reedom o& movement and

residen!e within the borders o&ea!h state.

:0= 'veryone has the ri#ht to

leave any !o"ntry, in!l"din# hisown, and to ret"rn to his!o"ntry.


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Article 1#

:= 'veryone has the ri#ht to seekand to enjoy in other !o"ntries

asyl"m &rom perse!"tion.:0= $his ri#ht may not be invoked

in the !ase o& prose!"tions

#en"inely arisin# &rom non


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Article 1$

:= 'veryone has the ri#ht to anationality.

:0= No one shall be arbitrarilydeprived o& his nationality nordenied the ri#ht to !han#e his

nationality.


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Article 1%

:= Men and women o& &"ll a#e, witho"t anylimitation d"e to ra!e, nationality or reli#ion,have the ri#ht to marry and to &o"nd a &amily.

$hey are entitled to e*"al ri#hts as to marria#e,d"rin# marria#e and at its dissol"tion.

:0= Marria#e shall be entered into only with the&ree and &"ll !onsent o& the intendin# spo"ses.

:1= $he &amily is the nat"ral and &"ndamental#ro"p "nit o& so!iety and is entitled toprote!tion by so!iety and the State.


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Article 1&

:= 'veryone has the ri#ht to own

property alone as well as inasso!iation with others.

:0= No one shall be arbitrarily

deprived o& his property.


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Article 1'

'veryone has the ri#ht to&reedom o& tho"#ht, !ons!ien!e

and reli#ion+ this ri#ht in!l"des&reedom to !han#e his reli#ionor belie&, and &reedom, eitheralone or in !omm"nity with

others and in p"bli! or private,to mani&est his reli#ion or belie&in tea!hin#, pra!ti!e, worship

and observan!e.


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Article 1(

'veryone has the ri#ht to &reedom

o& opinion and epression+ this ri#htin!l"des &reedom to hold opinionswitho"t inter&eren!e and to seek,re!eive and impart in&ormation andideas thro"#h any media andre#ardless o& &rontiers.


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Article !)

:= 'veryone has the ri#ht to&reedom o& pea!e&"l assemblyand asso!iation.

:0= No one may be !ompelled tobelon# to an asso!iation.


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Article !1

:= 'veryone has the ri#ht to take part inthe #overnment o& his !o"ntry, dire!tly orthro"#h &reely !hosen representatives.

:0= 'veryone has the ri#ht o& e*"al a!!essto p"bli! servi!e in his !o"ntry.

:1= $he will o& the people shall be the basiso& the a"thority o& #overnment+ this willshall be epressed in periodi! and#en"ine ele!tions whi!h shall be by"niversal and e*"al s"&&ra#e and shall beheld by se!ret vote or by e*"ivalent &ree

votin# pro!ed"res.


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Article !!

'veryone, as a member o& so!iety, hasthe ri#ht to so!ial se!"rity and isentitled to reali%ation, thro"#hnational e&&ort and international !o

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