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2010 IBM Corporation
pVM14PowerVM Editions and Power Systems VirtualizationAnandakumar MohanSTG Lab Services, [email protected]
IBM POWER Systems and System Storage Symposium Sept 6-9 Bangalore, India
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Agenda
Power Systems Virtualization Overview
Power Systems Virtualization Matrix
PowerVM Editions
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Networks and network storage
Unassignedon demandresources
Hypervisor
i5/OS*
Serviceprocessor
Processors
Memory
Linuxpartitions
HardwareManagement
Console(HMC)
Virtualization Architecture
Virtual Network
AIX 5LV5.2
Expansion slots
AIX 5L V5.3partitions
Virtual processors Virtual adapters
VirtualI/O
server
Linuxkernels
AIX 5Lkernels
SLICVirtual
network& storage
Local devices & storage
Workload management and provisioning
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Simultaneous multithreading
POWER4 (Single Threaded)
CRL
FX0
FX1
LSO
LS1
FP0
FP1
BRZ
Thread1 active
Thread0 active
No thread active
Utilizes unused execution unit cycles
Natural fit with superscalar out-of-order execution core
Dispatch two threads per processor: Its like doubling the number of processors.
Net result:Better performanceBetter processor utilization
POWER7 processor supports 4 SMT threads
Appears as 2 CPUsper physical CPU to
the operatingsystem
S
ystemt
hrough
put
SMTST
POWER6 (simultaneous multithreading)
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Micro-Partitions Micro-partition is a type of logical partition where the processor is shared among other micro-
partitions in the system. The processors are shared from a CPU pool called shared pool.
Micro-partition is also referred to as shared partitions. 10 micro-partitions per activated processor
supported.
Allows significantly increased overall utilization of processor resources within the system.
The micro-partition is provided with a processor entitlementthe processor capacity guaranteed to it
by the POWER Hypervisor. A micro-partition must have a minimum of 0.1 of the capacity of aphysical processor and can be up to the capacity of the system.
In Micro-Partitions, the processors are represented through Virtual Processors that are scheduled onphysical processor by hypervisor based on the configured capacity of the partition
Two modes supported Uncapped Mode (The processing capacity can exceed the entitled capacity when resources are
available in their Shared-Processor Pool. Extra capacity is distributed on a weighted basis. Youmust specify the uncapped weight of each micro-partition when it is created.
Capped Mode (The processing capacity given can never exceed the entitled capacity of themicro-partition)
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Micro-Partitioning
Increased number of LPARs
Micro-partitions: Up to 254
Configured via the HMC
Number of logical processors
Minimum/maximum
Entitled capacity In units of 1/100 of a CPU
Minimum 1/10 of a CPU
Variable weight
% share (priority) of
surplus capacity
Capped or uncapped partitions
Micro-partitions
Pool of 6 CPUs
Linux
i5/OSV5R3**
A
IX5LV5.3
A
IX5LV5.3
Linux
Entitledcapacity
Hypervisor
Min
Max
AIX5LV5.2
AIX5LV5.3
DynamicLPARs
WholeProcessors
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Micro-partition Technologies
Related Micro-partition technologies
Multiple Shared-Processor Pools (A new capability supported onPOWER6 servers. This capability allows a system administrator to
create a set of micro-partitionswith the purpose of controlling theprocessor capacity that can be consumed from the physicalshared-processor pool.)
DB2 cores to license: 5 instead of 8
Max Cap for pool # 1 = 5 Procs
Total VPs for DB2 LPARs =8
WAS cores to license: 6 instead of 14
Max Cap for pool = 6 Procs
Total VPs for WAS LPARs =14
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Dedicated processor sharing
POWER6 processors in a dedicated partition can donate unused capacity to theshared pool.
The excess (donated) dedicated capacity can be utilized by uncapped sharedpartitions in addition to the shared processors.
The dedicated logical partition has a donation option that can be enabled for theHMC panel. This is done by an interrupt mechanism between the OS and thePOWER Hypervisor (same behavior as shared processor micro-partitions).
Idle CPU
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2010 IBM Corporation
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In case of processor failure If no unassigned processors available
The partition can acquire a replacement processor from logical partition with a loweravailability priority
Allow the logical partition with the higher partition-availability priority to continue running after
a processor failure
Processor recovery: Partition availability priority
ServerConfiguration
AvailabilityPriority Update
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Active Memory Sharing Active Memory Sharing will intelligently flow memory from one partition to another for
increased utilization and flexibility of memory usage.
Memory virtualization enhancement for Power Systems Memory dynamically allocated based on partitions workload demands Contents of memory written to a paging device Improves memory utilization
Designed for partitions with variable memory requirements
Low average memory requirements
Active/inactive environments Workloads that peak at different times across the partitions
Supports over-commitment of physical memory with overflow going to a pagingdevice.
Users can define a partition with a logical memory size larger than the available physical
memory.
Users can activate a set of partitions whose aggregate logical memory size exceeds theavailable physical memory.
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2010 IBM Corporation
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DedicatedProcessor
LPARFinance
70 GB
LPAR#3
LPAR#1
LPARVIOS
LPAR#2
DedicatedProcessor
LPARPlanning
105 GB 105 GB105 GB 5 GB60 GB
Power Hypervisor
Micro-Partition Processor Pool
AIXIBM iLinuxAIXAIX
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
Memory Pool: 210 GB
M
M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
M M M
Total Defined Memory450 GB
Physical Memory350 GB
Shared Memory Pool210 GB
350 GB Memory
M
AIX
Active Memory Sharing Configuration
Shared Memory PoolPaging Devices
Disk4
Disk3
Disk2
Disk1
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Active Memory Expansion Active Memory Expansion increases a systems effective memory capacity.
Active Memory Expansion employs memory compression technology totransparently compress in-memory data, allowing more data to be placed intomemory and thus expanding the memory capacity of POWER7 systems.
Benefits: Higher Consolidation LPAR throughput increase
The memory expansion factor is specified as a multiplier of a LPARs true memorysize:
LPAR_expanded_mem_size = LPAR_true_mem_size * LPAR_mem_exp_factor
AME Planning tool can be used for determining the expansion factor and CPUoverhead
Requires separate license to activate AME at the server level
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Active Memory Expansion
POWER7 advantage
Expand memory beyond physical limits
More effective server consolidation Run more application workload / users per partition Run more partitions and more workload per server
Expandmemory
Truememory
True
memory
Truememory
Truememory
Truememory
Truememory
Expandmemory
Expandmemory
Expandmemory
Effectively upto 100% more
memory
Expandmemory
Expandmemory
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Active Memory Expansion
Innovative POWER7 technology
For AIX 6.1 or later
For POWER7 servers
Uses compression/decompression to effectively expand the true physical memoryavailable for client workloads
Often a small amount of processor resource provides a significant increase in theeffective memory maximum
Processor resource part of AIX partitions resource and licensing
Actual expansion results dependent upon how compressible the data being used inthe application
Tool amepat available to identify compression possible on a given workload andapproximate CPU utilization
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M Physical/true memory
G Gained memory capacity
MMM
MMM
MMM
MMM
MMM
MMM
MMM
MMM
96 GB LPAR1
MMM
MMM
MMM
MMM
MM
M
MM
M
MM
M
MM
M
120 GB LPAR1
GGG
GG
GScen
ario1:expandmem
oryin
constrained
partition
96120G
B
Scenario2HoldLPAR1
capacity,useadditional
capacityforLPAR296 96+48=144GB
MMM
MMM
MMM
GGG
MM
M
MM
M
GG
M
GG
G
96 GB LPAR1
MMM
GGG
MM
M
MM
G
48 GB LPAR2
Assumes25%
expansion
Assumes50%
expansion
Active Memory Expansion Basic Concept
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Virtual I/O Server
Implements I/O virtualization by allowing physical network adapters and SCSI adapters to beshared by multiple partitions.
Helps overcome the limitation by maximum physical I/O slots supported and improves overall
system resource utilization.
Virtual I/O server is hosted as a separate partition, created as of type Virtual I/O server
Virtual I/O server owns physical I/O adapters, resources that are shared with other partitions on
the system (called client partitions)
Some components Virtual Ethernet Supported by Hypervisor by means of implementing a Layer 2 Virtual
switch. It allows partitions within the system to communicate with each other without physicaladapter.
Shared Ethernet Adapter A Layer 2 bridge created on Virtual I/O server to bridge severalvirtual networks with in the system to external network
Virtual SCSI Supported by Virtual I/O server to share physical SCSI, FC disks with multiplepartitions. It can export logical volumes or entire disk to client partitions. Optical device suchas CD-ROM is supported as well.
Virtual Optical devices Supported by VIO server to create virtual optical devices which canbe shared as RAM or ROM to multiple LPARs.
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Virtual I/O server architecture
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Integrated Virtual Ethernet (IVE)
IVE offers an alternative to the use of virtual Ethernet or the Shared EthernetAdapter service of the Virtual I/O Server. Supported only on platforms that are entry,midrange platforms that are POWER6 or above
IVE offers greater throughput and lower latency than PCIe or PCI-X bus connectedEthernet adapters as it is connected to the GX+ bus of the POWER6-based Systemp server.
IVE also provides special hardware features that enables logical Ethernet adapterswhich can communicate directly with logical partitions running on the system.
IVE refers to the collective name referring to a number of technologies including
Hardware - Host Ethernet Adapter (HEA), Software components and PowerHypervisor functions
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2010 IBM Corporation
IBM POWER Systems and System Storage Symposium Sept 6-9 Bangalore, India
Integrated Virtual Ethernet
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2010 IBM Corporation
IBM POWER Systems and System Storage Symposium Sept 6-9 Bangalore, India
Integrated Virtual Ethernet Components
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2010 IBM Corporation
IBM POWER Systems and System Storage Symposium Sept 6-9 Bangalore, India
Implementing IVE
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2010 IBM Corporation
IBM POWER Systems and System Storage Symposium Sept 6-9 Bangalore, India
Live Partition mobility
Move running partitions from one POWER6/POWER7 system to another Live (active) partition mobility Inactive partition mobility
Provides non-disruptive system maintenance flexibility Reduce planned down time by dynamically moving applications from one server to another.
Environment and system resource optimization option Can balance workloads and resources Can also be used as a mechanism for server consolidation Provides greater control over the usage of resources in the data center
Live Partition Mobility can be automated and incorporated into system management tools andscripts
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Live Partition Mobility POWER6 & POWER7 feature
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Implementing Live Partition Mobility
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2010 IBM Corporation
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NPIV (N_Port ID Virtualization)
N_Port ID Virtualization (NPIV) provides direct Fibre Channel connections from clientpartitions to SAN resources , simplifying SAN management
N_Port ID Virtualization (NPIV) is a fibre channel industry standard method forvirtualizing a physical fibre channel port.
Fibre Channel Host Bus Adapter is owned by VIOS partition
NPIV allows one physical port to be associated with multiple N_Port IDs (WWPNs),so a physical fibre channel HBA can be shared across multiple guest operating
systems in a virtual environment.
On POWER 6, NPIV allows CLIENT logical partitions(LPARs) to have dedicatedN_Port IDs (WWPNs), giving the LPAR a unique identity to the SAN, just as if it hada dedicated physical HBA(s).
Client LPAR WWPNs become part of the partition definition and move with the clientfrom server to server (LPM)
Supported with PowerVM Express, Standard, and Enterprise Edition Supports AIX 5.3 and AIX 6.1 partitions with 8Gb PCIe adapter
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2010 IBM Corporation
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Hypervisor
vSCSI Functional Flow
LVM
AIX
LVM
VSCSIVSCSI
target
VIOS 1
SAN
multipathing
Disk Driver
LVM
VSCSI
target
VIOS 2
multipathing
Disk Driver
VSCSI
multipathing
Disk Driver
fibre channel
HBAs
fibre channel
HBAs
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2010 IBM Corporation
IBM POWER Systems and System Storage Symposium Sept 6-9 Bangalore, India
Hypervisor
NPIV Functional FlowAIX
LVM
VFC
HBA
passthru
module
VIOS 1
SAN
passthru
module
VIOS 2
VFC
HBA
multipathing
Disk Driver
fibre channel
HBAs
fibre channel
HBAs
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WPAR Manager for Managing WPAR
WPAR and WPAR manager are support only with AIX 6.1 and above
WPAR Manager is a Management Tool for managing multiple WPARs on different server
instances
Provided as separate LPP
Available as Plugin with IBM Systems Director
WPAR Live Application Mobility LPP is available only with WPAR Manager Is available as part of AIX Enterprise Edition
Or can be purchased separately as IBM Systems Director Plugin
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2010 IBM Corporation
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PowerVM Lx86
Lx86 - PowerVM Lx86 enables to run a wide range of x86 Linux applications on PowerSystems platforms within a Linux on Power partition. This feature is designed to support theconsolidation of x86 applications onto the Power platform
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Effective I/O sharing, Workloadconsolidation
VIO Server
NPIV
IO Virtualization
Enable Live mobility withminimum downtime
Live Partition Mobility
Live Application Mobility
Mobility Feature
Improves effective memoryutilization, workloadconsolidation
AMS
AME (Power7)
Memory Virtualization
Improves effective processorutilization, workloadconsolidation
Micro partitioning
Shared Processor Pool
Multiple Shared Processor pool
Dedicated processor sharing
Processor Virtualization
Isolate workload in different
logical environments
LPAR
WPAR
Workload Isolation
Key BenefitsPowerVM featureCategory
Power Systems Virtualization Matrix
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PowerVM - Editions
PowerVM is available in different editions comprising of different capabilities. Customer can choose the right one based on theneed.
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References
PowerVM Information Roadmap http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/eserver/roadmap_powervm.html
PowerVM Virtualization Managing and Monitoring http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/abstracts/sg247590.html?Open
PowerVM Virtualization on IBM System p: Introduction and Configuration FourthEdition
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg247940.html?Open
Integrated Virtual Ethernet Adapter Technical Overview and Introduction http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/redp4340.html?Open
PowerVM Live Partition Mobility on IBM System p http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg247460.html?Open
Workload Partition Management in IBM AIX Version 6.1 http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg247656.html?Open
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