Q4 Student Notes Packet

SVHSUS History

THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY

KENNEDY AND JOHNSON LEAD

AMERICA IN THE 1960S

The 1960 Campaign

• Kennedy ran against __________and won

• His good looks and charms won over America

• Nixon did not look good on _______________

Delivered Friday, January 20, 1961

THE CAMELOT YEARS• The _________had a

love affair with the Kennedy Family

• Often referred to as the Camelot family they were American ________________

THE BEST AND THE BRIGHTEST• JFK surrounded himself

with the “best and the brightest” available talent

• Hoped to use this to help solve national and world ___________________

• ___________was his brother and advisor

RFK was John’s closest friend and advisor

THE NEW FRONTIER

• Kennedy’s new program called: “The New Frontier”

• ________________, education, medical care for the elderly and the poor, and _____________ exploration were all part of his vision

THE PEACE CORPS• __________ launched the

Peace Corps• It is a volunteer program

to assist developing nations for ___________ especially in Asia, Africa and Latin America

• HUGE SUCCESS

A MAN ON THE MOON

• Finally, on July 20, 1969, America Lands on the ___________

• Space and defense-related industries sprang up in Southern and Western __________

Armstrong

“One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”

TRAGEDY IN DALLAS

• On a sunny day on November 22,1963, Air Force One landed in __________________ with JFK and Jackie

• JFK received warm applause from the crowd that lined the downtown streets of Dallas as he rode in the back seat of an open-air limousine when ____________ ran out…

LYNDON BAINES JOHNSON BECOMES PRESIDENT

• Within hours the Vice-President, Lyndon Baines Johnson, became _______________

• Many Americans felt something had ______within them A somber LBJ takes the oath of

office aboard Air Force One with Jackie next to him

JFK LAID TO REST• All work ___________ for

Kennedy’s funeral as America mourned its fallen leader

• The assassination and the televised _____________ became historic events

• Like 9-11, Americans can recall where they were when they heard the news of the President’s death

Three-year old John Kennedy Jr. salutes his father’s coffin during

the funeral

LEE HARVEY OSWALD CHARGED; SHOT TO DEATH

• A 24-year-old Marine with a suspicious past left a palm print on the ___________ used to kill JFK

• When transferred from one jail to another, nightclub owner Jack Ruby broke through the crowd and shot ___________ to death Jack Ruby, right, shoots Oswald,

center, to death 11/24/63

THE GREAT SOCIETY• Lyndon Johnson (LBJ)

entered _____________ in 1937 as a congressman

• Followed Kennedy’s _____________ when he took office

Senator Johnson pictured in 1958

JOHNSON’S DOMESTIC AGENDA• As soon as Johnson took

office, he urged Congress to pass the ________________ bill that Kennedy had sent to Capital Hill

• Also pushed through the ____________ Rights Act and later the Voting Rights Act

THE WAR ON POVERTY• Following his tax cut and

Civil Rights Act successes, LBJ launched his War on _____________

• Pushed the Economic Opportunity Act - $1 billion provided to programs like Job Cop, Headstart, and _____________

Program or Law (Chapter 30.3) Purpose How might it help you

OEO

VISTA

Head Start

Medicare

Medicaid

Elementary & Secondary School Act

HUD

Corporation for Public Broadcasting

Silent Spring (book that creates 2 laws)

Gideon v Wainwright

Escobedo v Illinois

Miranda v Arizona

GREAT SOCIETY PROGRAMS

EDUCATION

• After he won the 1964 he focused on ________________reform:

• The Elementary and Secondary Education Act provided $1 billion to help public schools buy textbooks and library materials

• Supported shows like ______________________

HEALTHCARE• ______________:

provided hospital insurance and low-cost medical care to the elderly

• ________________: provided health benefits to the poor

_________• Established: Department of

Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

• Allowed to have money for __________________ housing

___________ Court

•The Judicial Branch led by the Supreme court and Chief Justice Earl Warren did much to protect _____________rights

•Brought reform and change

IMPACT OF GREAT SOCIETY

• The Great Society and the Warren Court expanded the ______________ government and ____________________ rights

• However the Great Society would decline with the focus being shifted to Vietnam…

Vietnam War

People and Places• Ho Chi Minh- ____________ who fought for

Vietnam independence• Vietminh- Ho’s resistance movement (N)• Dien Bien Phu- Place that the Vietminh

defeated the _________________• Ngo Dinh Diem- Nationalist leader (S)

supported by USA• Vietcong- Southern rebels who did not

support Diem

Independence• Occupied by ________________

frequently until 1400s• Occupied by France from mid-1800s until

1940s when Communism set in• US tried to help France and stop Commies• Dien Bien Phu falls and French

________________

Diem• Divided at 17th parallel, China supported N

and French had the S• Diem elected president of the S (1955)• Diem was _____________ and unpopular• Vietcong formed

– Communists gave support– Cruel govt– _____________

War Escalates • JFK sends troops for Diem• ______________ revolt and Diem is

overthrown• Tonkin Gulf Resolution gives president “all

measures necessary to prevent __________”• LBJ starts draft in 1965• Operation Rolling Thunder- bombing the N• Ho Chi Minh trail- network of jungle paths

Ground War• _________________ - jellied gasoline• Cluster bombs- razor sharp shrapnel• ________________ (Agent Orange)-

destroys foliage• Search and destroy missions• Pacification- move the people, burn the

village• Focused on body count

Failing Morale• Persistent fighting by Vietnamese• Death and destruction shown on ___• _____________ (opposed war) and

Hawks (pro-war)• SDS Students for a Democratic

Society- Anti-war movement• SNCC- # of African Americans in NAM

Turning Point• Tet Offensive- North Vietnam attacked,

but the USA won• Public criticism increased• 1969- secret fighting in ______________• Kissinger and Vietnamization- replace US

forces with Vietnamese troops–Peace with _______________–Stable anticommunist govt long enough to

pull out

___________State• Protestors at the university for Cambodian

bombings• National Guard sent to control after ROTC

office set on _____________• Someone shot randomly into group killing 4

Ending Nam• Nixon re-elected• Passes _______ amendment- 18 can vote• _______________ worked out a plan

–Cease-fire–Pullout all foreign troops–End of US military aid

• Plan failed, mass evacuation • The Wall in DC

The 1970s

Richard Nixon• Elected in 1968 – Republican –

called for “peace with honor”• (U.S. is still in ____________

until 1973)• Domestic Policy: New

Federalism– Economy – ______________– Cut federal spending

especially Great Society programs (still at war) – recession

Domestic Policies (cont)– Changed to Keynesian

economics and deficit spending

– Dollar off __________ standard – devalued

– Social Security benefits raised

– Appointed 4 Conservative Supreme Court Justices• __________ v. Wade• United States v. Nixon

Domestic Policies (cont)• ____________ Powers Act

–Notify Congress w/in 48 hrs of sending in troops

–Congressional approval over 60 days• ___________ Majority – white

Southerners disillusioned by Democrats too liberal leanings

Foreign PoliciesKissinger (Sec of State, NSA) idea that foreign policy should be not on moral principles but on maintaining strength (Realpolitik)

___________________- Relaxing the tension between USA and USSR, and USA and China (both “evil” Communist Countries)

• China - 1949-1970 US act if China doesn’t exist– 25% of worlds Population - TOO Big to ignore– Nixon- Recognizes China 1970; visits 1972– Set up formal relations– This put _______________on edge– US and China now on speaking terms

• USSR– Nixon visited USSR as well– Agreed to work together on space, trade and weapons– Showed willingness to work w/ each other– Cold War Tensions are reduced

Foreign Policy (cont) SALT talks– SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty) signed

• Limits ICBM and SLBM (submarine) • Limited some Nukes• No limit on warheads-actual bomb part

• Shows gov’t concern for ________________ threat– Leads to change in Nuke technology

• Quantity is limited, ______________ doesn’t matter• More powerful smaller warheads

• Leads to Salt II (1974) and more reductions

Foreign Issues • USA supports Israel in 1973 Arab- Israeli War

• Israel vs. Syria and Egypt over territory• Israel wins quickly

• ________________ (Arab members) start oil embargo–Gas prices increase ___________%

overnight –Leads to inflation in US–OPEC and US now see the political power of

oil

Oil Crisis• OPEC - Middle Eastern

countries refused oil to U.S. causing a shortage, inflation, loss of jobs.

• The oil embargo is lifted one year later

• Prices ____________• Speed limits set at

__________ mph

Scandal• Watergate Break-in –

1972• Vice-President Spiro

Agnew resigns for failure to pay _______

• Gerald Ford appointed VP by the Senate

• Watergate scandal breaks

• Nixon _____________• Nixon Resigns – 1974

Gerald Ford• Nixon’s resignation – Ford inaugurated

• Faith in government destroyed when Ford _____________ Nixon - 1974–Freedom of

Information Act–Fall of S. Vietnam–Fall of ___________

http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/swann/herblock/images/hblock11.jpg

Jimmy Carter• Elected 1976• Created Dept of Energy, Dept of

Education, Environmental Protection Agency – starts Earth Day–In response to Rachel Carson’s ___________Spring

• 26th Amendment passed – __________ yrs old can vote

Carter’s Foreign Relations• _______________ rights diplomacy

– Cut off aid to any country violating • Zimbabwe, Argentina, Chile• Arranged peace between Egypt and Israel in Camp David

Accords – opposed by the PLO

• Cold War – Continued détente with USSR and China– SALT II Treaty – limit size and amount of nuclear

weapons– USSR invaded Afghanistan Dec 1979

• _________________ 1980 Olympics in Moscow• Embargo on USSR goods

Iranian Hostage Crisis• US supported Iran to keep them from being comm.

and they had oil• The ___________of Iran – cruel to subjects –

opposed his westernization and help of US - which are planning an assassination. He escapes and is protected by the US

• Ayatollah ________________ takes over govt• Iranians take 52 Amer. hostages from the US

embassy in exchange for the Shah.• Failed rescue attempt by the US• Resolved 444 days later by Carter through

negotiation.

America in Transition• Change in immigration – more Latin American than

others– End of ________________– 12 million illegally entered immigrants by mid - 70s

• Minority Rights – changing employment restrictions, improving education opportunities, health care, etc…– Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, Alternative

Lifestyle– Bakke v. University of California

• Environment– Clean Air Act– ___________________ Island– Love Canal - Clean Water Act

Popular Culture• Music – Disco: Bee Gees, Osmonds, Jackson 5,

David Bowie – Punk: Ramones, Billy Idol – Reggae: Bob Marley

• Movies – ___________, Star Wars, Rocky, Saturday Night Fever

• TV – Brady Bunch, _________________, Dukes of Hazard

• Fashion: Leggs pantyhose, hot pants, platform shoes, gold chains, butterfly collars

Technology• ________________ –

Intel microchip – Apple 1976

• Food Processor• Video Games• CAT Scan• MRI Scan• Skylab – unmanned

space station• _____________

Style of the 1980s

Conservative Shift

-switch from “public action to private interest”

less federal gov’t action and entitlement programs; more community action

______________ programs provide benefits to particular groups

- New Right, Conservative Coalition, Moral Majority

Return to __________ American values

-1980 election of Ronald Reagan and George Bush

Ran against Jimmy Carter

“Our nation’s internal problems are the direct result of her spiritual condition…Right living must be established as an American way of life…Now is the time to begin calling America back to God, back to the Bible, back to morality.”

Rev. Jerry Falwell

Conservatives hoped their ideas would help to

reduce the nation’s high divorce rate, lower the

number of out-of-wedlock births, encourage

individual responsibility, and generally revive traditional values.

Reagan~Bush in 1980Four Major Tenets of the

Conservative Movement:

1.Shrinking the federal government and lowering spending

2.Promoting traditional _____________ and values

3.Stimulating business by reducing government regulations and lowering taxes

4.Strengthening the national ____________________

1980 Election Results

“I’m talking in human terms and he is hiding behind a dictionary. If he wants a definition, I’ll give him one. A recession is when your neighbor loses his job. A depression is when you lose yours. A recovery is when Jimmy Carter loses his.”

Ronald Reagan, 1980 Campaign

Reaganomics-cutting government spending

Mainly on social programs that effected more limited groups

- lowering of taxes to promote _______________

-supply-side economics

-”____________down economics”

Give tax cuts to the wealthy

Wealthy will put more money into

economy and pay employees more

-economy began to respond to policies

-great deficit spending however lead to tax increases

Money for

business

Business hires more

Business produces

more

Economy Grows

Decrease Taxes

How It Works…

Cold War Escalates

-Reagan had been a hardliner against communism

Refers to USSR as the “Evil Empire”

-increased military spending

Star Wars or SDI

Shield over the US using ___________

Would shoot down nuclear missiles

-increase in nuclear arsenal

-Soviet system starts to _____________ by late 80’s

Spending too much on weapon stockpile

Between 1981 and 1984, the Defense budget almost doubled.

The Strategic Defense Initiative alone would cost in the trillions of dollars.

“Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall.”

Increased Military Spending on Cold War

The Challenger ExplosionWe watched a video in class. Write a little about what happened and the impact.

Conservative Policies-Reagan and Bush appoint

conservative justices

Chief Justice William Rehnquist

(most conservative justice on court)

Sandra Day _______________

First female Supreme Court justice

Clarence Thomas

Second African American Supreme Court justice

-__________________of the economy

lowered prices in some industries and increased competition, but created some scandals

-Savings and Loan Bailouts

Conservative Justice Appointments

1984 Election Results

In the 1984 election of Reagan against Walter Mondale, Reagan took the electoral votes of every state except Minnesota and Washington, D.C. Reagan had gained the approval, through various aspects of his presidency, of business people, southern voters, western states, and Reagan Democrats.

Social Issues-_______________

Destroys immune system

Contracted through bodily fluids

Early victims were homosexual or intravenous drug users

-Drug Abuse

____________________

Anti-Drug Campaign led by Nancy Reagan

Reagan and Bush cracked down on users and dealers

By mid-1996 the World Health Organization estimated that more than 27.9 million children and adults around the world would be infected with AIDS.

Education Reforms-”A _______________at Risk”

1983 report stating that American education was becoming mediocre compared to world

-educational debate about reform:

School voucher debate

Students/parents should have a choice in school they attend

- Educational _________ programs

Make teachers and kids accountable for learning

23 million American were unable to follow an instruction manual or fill out a job application. Many 17 year olds could not read a paragraph and draw an intelligent conclusion or distinguish between Florida and Russia on an outline map.

Equal Rights Struggle

-_____fails, equal pay issues remain

-African Americans are elected to major political positions

-Women make political advances

Sandra Day O’Connor

Geraldine ______________

First female to run for V-P of US in 1984

Title IX

No sex discrimination in education

-Affirmative Action debated

Giving minorities preference over white males if equally qualified

-Gay rights

Hate crimes, discrimination

“As a bureau chief in the district attorney’s office…I learned that I was being paid less than men with similar responsibilities. When I asked why, I was told ‘you don’t really need the money, Gerry, you’ve got a husband.”

- Geraldine Ferraro-

- Reagan begins US effort to help Nicaraguan rebels fighting Communism- _________________ Scandal---weapons secretly sold to Iran in exchange for money to be given to anti-communism Contras of Nicaragua-Grenada---effort to prevent communist rule invade and get rid of communist leaders-_______________--arrest of General Noriega to stop flow of illegal drugs

Latin American Intervention

In 1989, President Bush sent 20,000 soldiers and marines into Panama to overthrow and arrest Manuel Noriega on charges of drug trafficking. In April of 1992, he was sentenced to 40 years in prison.

-Soviets withdraw some troops in late 80’s-Democracy movements begin-Nov. 1989 Berlin Wall is ________________-Yugoslavia breaks apart and fighting begins-China experiences democratic protests

1989 _____________ Square MassacreChinese government kills hundreds of protestors, running over some with tanksUS does not respond to keep good relations with China

Cold War in Europe and AsiaFall of the Berlin Wall

Tiananmen Square

-Mikhail Gorbachev comes to power, 1985-Soviet economy is horrible Spend too much on defense, not on citizens

Gorbachev has new policies-Glasnost “_____________”-Perestroika “Free Enterprise”

-1991 coup attempted Boris _____________ Leads Soviet Union after Gorbachev resigns

-14 Republics of USSR begin to separate Soviet Union collapses

-Nuclear concerns

Soviet Collapse

“The new Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, was turning the Cold War formulas on their head. Ronald Reagan…had the vision and flexibility, lacking in many Cold Warriors, to recognize that Gorbachev was a new man in a new age offering new opportunities for peace.”

Colin Powell

Conservative Successor

-Reagan won a landslide election in 1984

-George _____________ won the 1988 election

-strong foreign policy career and former VP

-makes mistake with “Read my Lips, no new ________”

-policies suffer because of poor economy

-gridlock in gov’t appears

-George Bush’s Presidency

-Iraq invades __________ Saddam Hussein Leader of Iraq US fears oil is in jeopardy and attack on Saudi Arabia

-Operation Desert ShieldUS and UN troops push Iraqis back to their border, but do not overthrow _____________

Desert WarPersian Gulf War

“We went halfway around the world to do what is moral and just and right…We’re coming home now proud, confident, heads held high…We are Americans.”

-George Bush-

80s fashion

• Leg warmers• Crimped ____________• T-shirt Clips• Side pony tail• Rebook _______• LA Gear

• Jelly shoes• Stonewashed

___________• _______________• Puff paint

80s popular culture

• Jazzercise• _______• VCRs

80s MusicBlondie Bruce Springsteen Cher David Bowie Depeche Mode Dire Straits Dolly Parton Duran Duran Garth Brooks John Lennon Lionel Richie Madonna Michael Jackson New Kids On The Block

Olivia Newton-John Paul McCartney Paula Abdul Phil Collins Prince Queen R.E.M The Bangles The Cure

Election of 1992

-post Gulf war recession

Americans more concerned with paychecks than foreign policy

-George _____________(Republican)

Seems out of touch with average American

-Bill Clinton (Democrat)

New Democrat: spend money on citizens, while reforming welfare and aiding private business

-Ross ____________(Reform Party)

Third party candidate who takes votes from Bush

-economy was the main point of the campaign

Bill Clinton Wins 1992 Election

After the US victory in the Persian Gulf War, George Bush’s popularity

had soared to an 88 % approval rating. In early 1992, however, his approval had declined to 44% as the worsening recession reduced American incomes and increased

unemployment. In his run for reelection, Bush tried to appeal to voters on the basis of his foreign policy triumphs, but voters cared more about their pocketbooks. He could not convince the public that he had a clear strategy to end the

recession and create jobs.

Election of 1992

Clinton Administration-increase in taxes• trying to reduce deficit spending

-anti-crime initiatives

“Get Tough” policies; crime rate decreases

More ___________shootings and acts of terror were occurring (Columbine, OK City, WTC)

-national healthcare debated

Developed by Hillary Clinton but never passed

-__________________signed

North American Free Trade Agreement (Eliminate barriers to trade between US, MX, and Canada)

-Brady Bill

Waiting period on purchasing hand guns

-Family Medical Leave

Employers cannot fire individuals who must take leave due to family emergencies

Oklahoma City BombingWe watched a video in class. Write a little about what happened and the impact.

The North American Free Trade Agreement lowered tariffs and

brought Mexico into the free-trade zone. Critics argued that the

agreement would weaken environmental regulations and cause

more American jobs to be lost to foreign nations. Supporters believed

that the agreement would strengthen all the economies

involved and bring more jobs to the US as more goods were sold in

Mexico.

Trade with Mexico skyrocketed, but the effect of the agreement on US

jobs and the environment are inconclusive.

Contract with America

-Republican party goals

10 items favored by the conservative electorate

tax relief

stricter immigration laws

term limits (congressional)

balanced _____________

welfare reform

tougher ___________ laws

-meant to reduce the size of federal government

Passed nine of the ten within the first 100 days of the Congress

Clinton and a Republican Congress could not see eye to eye on the path of the nation.

Clinton’s 2nd Term

-Scandals

-Whitewater __________ Issue

Accused of improperly using money from a land deal in his campaign for governor in 1984

-___________________

Personal scandal

Affair with Monica Lewinsky

Allegations of perjury

Lied about affair under oath

Impeachment (For perjury and obstruction of justice)

World Involvement

-U.S. is only remaining superpower

Clinton used US troops to end conflicts overseas

-______________ (Africa)

relief of starvation

Severe famine and civil war

US troops assisted in UN relief effort

War lords controlled nation

US troops attacked by civilians while trying to get food to _____________

Clinton withdrew troops

During an operation to capture key warlords in Mogadishu, two U.S. Black Hawk helicopters

were shot down by rocket-propelled grenades, and three others were damaged. Some of the

soldiers were able to evacuate, but others were trapped at the crash sites and cut off. An

urban battle ensued throughout the night. Eighteen US soldiers were killed and 73 wounded. Civilians dragged one dead American pilot through the streets of

Mogadishu. Michael Durant, the only surviving pilot of the downed Black Hawk helicopters,

was taken captive and released 11 days later.

-Balkans (Yugoslavia)

_______________ cleansing reported in Kosovo, Bosnia

• Serbians killing and expelling Albanians from their homes

• US launched air strikes on Serbia and stationed troops to keep peace

-Haitiprevent dictatorship

-Israel and the PLOMiddle East Peace• Peace between _____________

Liberation Organization (led my Yasir Arafat) and Israel

• Concerned the Gaza Strip and the West Bank

• Later agreements would fail and more violence would result

World Involvement

In Kosovo in 1999, between 10,000 and 12,000 ethnic Albanians were killed, most by Serbs

participating in Ethnic Cleansing. The movement was led by Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic .

Over 3,000 Albanians are still missing.

Modern Agenda

-computer age

Microsoft, ______________

-Genetics

DNA testing, ___________, gene therapy, embryonic testing

-environmental concerns

air quality, acid rain, global warming, recycling

Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak , the inventors of the first

Apple computer. (left) Dolly the

sheep was the first cloned mammal

from an adult cell. (bottom)

Immigration Concerns

-Highest immigration rates since turn of century

Mainly ______________ and Asian immigrants

-possible strain on economy and infrastructure

Jobs, taxes, government benefits

-illegal aliens

8.7 million illegal immigrants in 2003

-Proposition _______in California

Cut all education and non-emergency health benefits to illegal immigrants

Law ruled unconstitutional

The 2000 census indicated that if current trends

continue, by 2050 Latinos will become the

nation’s largest minority

community overall. More than

2,000 legal and 4,000-10,000

illegal immigrants arrive each day. About 4,000 of the illegal are

deported shortly after arrival.

Election of 2000

-Al Gore (Democrat, Clinton VP)

-George W. Bush (Republican)

-very close election

Florida was the deciding vote

-Bush wins electoral vote but Gore wins popular vote

-______________votes disputed

Votes so close, leads to automatic recount

Bush wins first recount by 500 votes

Gore demands ___________recount

Republicans sue to stop recount

-Supreme Court rules first Florida results as final because no set standard of judging votes can be set.

Following the 2000 election, Bush tried to bring the nation together, declaring, “I was not elected to serve

one party but to serve one nation. Whether you voted for me or not, I will do my best to serve your

interests. Following the September 11, 2001 tragedy, the nation did come together and Bush’s approval

rating went to 80%.

2000-2015

Background to the AttacksOsama bin Laden

• Member of a wealthy Saudi Arabian family

• Wanted to start a worldwide _________________ revolution

• Angry at the presence of American military in Saudi Arabia during the Gulf War

• Developed a terrorist network called al Qaeda, or “the base”

• Had links to a 1993 bombing at the World Trade Center

• Trained attackers that killed American soldiers in Somalia

Al Qaeda• Made a number of threats against

the United States• Connected to the bombings of the

U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania

• Clinton launched a missile attack into an al Qaeda training camp in ____________________.

• Carried out a bomb attack against the USS Cole

• Terrorists entered the United States in 2000 and enrolled in flight schools to learn to fly airplanes.

America’s Changes-September 11, 2001

-Terrorists attack the World Trade Center, ___________________

-Four planes are hijacked and used as weapons

-Osama Bin Laden leads the Al Qaeda terrorist group which carried out the attacks

-War in Afghanistan

Harboring Al Qaeda

US broke up Al Qaeda and Afghanistan held free elections

-Homeland Security Concerns•Created Department of Homeland Security

•______________Act

Expanded the powers of the federal government in order to fight terrorism

In an effort to end terrorism, the President and Congress passed the Patriot Act. Among its

provisions, it increased the ability of law enforcement agencies to search telephone and e-mail communications and medical, financial and

other records; eased restrictions on foreign intelligence gathering within the United States;

and enhanced the discretion of law enforcement and immigration authorities in detaining and

deporting immigrants suspected of terrorism-related acts.

On September 11, 2001, nineteen hijackers and 2,974 other people died as an immediate result of the attacks. Another 24 people are missing

and presumed dead.

How did the United States respond to the attacks?

War in Afghanistan• A group known as the

______________ ruled in Afghanistan.

• Governed according to strict Islamic law

• Close relationship with bin Laden• Bush demanded that the Taliban

seize bin Laden and give him to the United States.

• The Taliban refused and so on October 7, 2001, the United States and Great Britain attacked the Taliban in Afghanistan.

Results of the War• U.S. and British troops relied on

fighters of Afghanistan’s Northern Alliance—a group that opposed the Taliban.

• The Taliban was defeated by early December.

• Bin Laden, however, managed to avoid being captured – until

_____________• Afghanization began end of

2011 and is due to end 2015

• 2218 U.S. deaths

Fighting Terrorism at Home

Department of Homeland Security created

After 9/11 the nation experienced another type of terrorist threat: deliberate anthrax poisoning.

The crisis was limited to a handful of specific locations, but it alarmed the _____________________people.

____________- which made it easier for law enforcement to secretly collect information about suspected terrorists.

Critics claimed this act gave law enforcement too much power and posed a threat to basic freedoms.

Post 9/11 America

-Stock Market boom of the 1990’s ended

-Corporate Scandals

Example: _____________Scandal

- Insider Trading

-War on Terrorism

- Iraq

Believed to have weapons of mass destruction

Overthrew and captured __________________, set up democratic government, and wrote new constitution

- Continued budget deficits

George W. Bush’s domestic policy• As Bush took office the economy

slowed.– ______________ profits failed to

appear.

– Stock prices were hurt by dishonest accounting practice scandals.

– Refunded American citizens from surplus

• Bush pushed tax cuts to fulfill campaign promises and to spur the slumping economy.– New laws cut taxes, reduced the

marriage penalty, and lowered the estate tax.

– The economy did not improve, it went into a ___________________.

Bush’s Domestic Policy (cont)

• In 2003 Bush updated the Medicare program.

• Included a benefit to help Medicare recipients pay for prescription medicine.

Education

• Bush announced the _______________________________ to improve education.

• States were required to develop academic standards and test students annually to ensure that the standards were being met.

HealthCare

“They that can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety”

– Benjamin Franklin

War in Iraq• Iraq was to destroy its weapons of

mass destruction (____________) after the Persian Gulf War and allow UN weapons inspectors in.

• Many of America’s longtime allies advised __________________ going to war, but Bush insisted that Iraq was a threat and invaded Iraq in March 2003.

• Iraqiazation – beginning 2009 – ________________ of combat troops completed in Aug 2010, the remaining to be complete by end of 2011

Election 2008

Barack Obama (___________) - First African-American to be elected President – “Change is Coming”

Obama’s New “New Deal”

• Stimulus Bill – American Recovery and Reinvestment Act - $787 billion

• Universal ____________________• Tax credit for college expenses• Industry recovery plans • Reduce inner city ______________ and violence• Environmental protection – over 2 million acres

_______________________• Globalization is seen not just as an economic process,

but as a process of the world becoming increasingly interconnected--and also as one in which values are becoming more oriented to a global context, and international institutions are playing a more central role.

• Cultural – American products worldwide, languages (820 mil Mandarin, 329 mil Spanish, 328 mil English)

• Political – more democracy, individual freedoms• Economic impact

– Offshore ____________________

Immigration

• Immigration - Mexico, India, the Philippines, and China are the largest portion of immigrants that are limited to 700,000 per year– ______________ immigrant debates occur regularly

Changes in Technology

• Technology – constant improvements rapidly changing society– Texting– ________________– Social networking– ________________– i products– 3D movies and TV

Challenges Ahead• Middle East – Israeli and PLO

negotiations are ongoing – the UN recognized Palestine

• ___________– ongoing Civil War may come to U.S. /UN intervention

• The Home Front – signs of economic recovery– 5.5% national unemployment

rate– 7.1% in Nevada

• ____________– suspected of developing a nuclear-weapons program

• N. Korea – tested nuclear weapons and challenging S. Korea

• Federal Deficit growing • Natural disasters

Events• _______________– Dec 2004 – Indian Ocean

killed 230,000• Hurricane Katrina – Aug 2005-1500 dead , $6

billion in clean up efforts• Gulf Oil Spill – July 2010 - 4.9 million barrels

(210 billion gallons)• 2012 active shooters• Boston _________________ Bombings

2013• Federal Govt shutdown• Boston Marathon Blasts• ____________• Pope Benedict XVI resigned• _______________________

2014

• US Cuba Relations warm• World Oil prices drop• _________ Virus outbreak• Malaysia Air plane crashes• _____________• Ukraine Crisis• Polar Vortex