60
Qmax Greentech Qmax Greentech Presents Presents Useful Information Useful Information Help You To Help You To Understand Understand OZONE OZONE
Qmax GreentechQmax GreentechPresentsPresents
Useful Information Useful Information
Help You To Help You To
Understand Understand
OZONEOZONE
PresentsPresents
Useful Information Useful Information
Help You To Help You To
Understand Understand
OZONEOZONE
Developments in the Ozone Developments in the Ozone Technology Technology
Ozone has been used for Ozone has been used for disinfections of drinking water in the disinfections of drinking water in the municipal water industry in europe municipal water industry in europe for over 100 years and is used by a for over 100 years and is used by a large number of water companies, large number of water companies, where ozone generator capacities in where ozone generator capacities in excess of 100 kg/h are common. excess of 100 kg/h are common.
What is Ozone?What is Ozone? Ozone is a molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen. Two atoms of Ozone is a molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen. Two atoms of
oxygen form the basic oxygen molecule--the oxygen we breathe that is oxygen form the basic oxygen molecule--the oxygen we breathe that is
essential to life. The third oxygen atom can detach from the ozone essential to life. The third oxygen atom can detach from the ozone
molecule, and re-attach to molecules of other substances, thereby altering molecule, and re-attach to molecules of other substances, thereby altering
their chemical composition. It is this ability to react with other substances their chemical composition. It is this ability to react with other substances
that forms the basis of manufacturers claims. Ozone (O3) is one of the that forms the basis of manufacturers claims. Ozone (O3) is one of the
strongest oxidizing agents that are readily available. It is used to reduce strongest oxidizing agents that are readily available. It is used to reduce
color, eliminate organic waste, reduce odor and reduce total organic color, eliminate organic waste, reduce odor and reduce total organic
carbon in water. Ozone is created in a number of different ways, including carbon in water. Ozone is created in a number of different ways, including
ultra violet (UV) light, corona discharge of electricity through an oxygen ultra violet (UV) light, corona discharge of electricity through an oxygen
stream (including air), and several others. In treating small quantities of stream (including air), and several others. In treating small quantities of
waste, the UV ozonators are the most common, while large-scale systems waste, the UV ozonators are the most common, while large-scale systems
use either corona discharge or other bulk ozone-producing methods. Ozone use either corona discharge or other bulk ozone-producing methods. Ozone
is formed as oxygen (O2) is struck by a source of energy. The bonds that is formed as oxygen (O2) is struck by a source of energy. The bonds that
hold the O2 together are broken and three O2 molecules are combined to hold the O2 together are broken and three O2 molecules are combined to
form two O3 molecules. The ozone begins to break down fairly quickly, and form two O3 molecules. The ozone begins to break down fairly quickly, and
as it does so, it reverts back into O2. The bonds that hold the Ö atoms as it does so, it reverts back into O2. The bonds that hold the Ö atoms
together are very weak, which is why ozone acts as a strong oxidant as together are very weak, which is why ozone acts as a strong oxidant as
readily as it does. readily as it does.
History of OzoneHistory of Ozone
18401840 - Discovered by Schönbein - Discovered by Schönbein
18931893 - Used as a disinfectant in drinking - Used as a disinfectant in drinking
water water
19091909 - Used as a food preservative for - Used as a food preservative for
cold storage of meats cold storage of meats
19391939 - Was found to prevent the growth of - Was found to prevent the growth of
yeast & mold during the storage of yeast & mold during the storage of
fruits fruits
Ozone PropertiesOzone Properties
PropertyProperty OzoneOzone OxygenOxygenMolecular FormulaMolecular Formula OO33 OO22
Molecular Weight:Molecular Weight: 4848 3232
ColorColor Light BlueLight Blue ColourlessColourless
SmellSmell -clothes after being outside clothes after being outside
on clotheslineon clothesline- photocopy machines- photocopy machines
- smell after lightning storms- smell after lightning storms
OdorlessOdorless
Solubility in WaterSolubility in Water
(@ O-deg C) (@ O-deg C)
0.640.64 0.0490.049
Density (g/l):Density (g/l): 2.1442.144 1.4291.429
Electrochemical Electrochemical Potential, V:Potential, V:
2.072.07 1.231.23
How Ozone works?How Ozone works? Ozone offers real advantages over chlorine bleach and other disinfectants Ozone offers real advantages over chlorine bleach and other disinfectants
used in the dialysis field because of its strong oxidizing power that inactivates used in the dialysis field because of its strong oxidizing power that inactivates
pyrogenic lippopolysaccharides (endotoxin) and destroys total organic carbon pyrogenic lippopolysaccharides (endotoxin) and destroys total organic carbon
(TOC). Additionally, ozone has a higher lethality coefficient than chlorine and (TOC). Additionally, ozone has a higher lethality coefficient than chlorine and
other disinfectants against most organisms and readily destroys viruses. The other disinfectants against most organisms and readily destroys viruses. The
action of ozone is through the agency of free radicals produced by the action of ozone is through the agency of free radicals produced by the
incorporation of ultraviolet radiation. The covalent bond connecting two incorporation of ultraviolet radiation. The covalent bond connecting two
atoms consists of the mutual sharing by these atoms of two bonding atoms consists of the mutual sharing by these atoms of two bonding
electrons. This valence may break in two ways: In one process, one of the electrons. This valence may break in two ways: In one process, one of the
atoms may acquire both bonding electrons, leaving the other with none. This atoms may acquire both bonding electrons, leaving the other with none. This
type of bond cleavage gives rise to ions. The electron being the seat of type of bond cleavage gives rise to ions. The electron being the seat of
negative electricity, one atom possesses more than its original share of negative electricity, one atom possesses more than its original share of
negatively charged electrons, or an anion. The other atom is deprived of its negatively charged electrons, or an anion. The other atom is deprived of its
normal complement of electrons and becomes positively charged, or a normal complement of electrons and becomes positively charged, or a
cation.cation.
The covalent bond may also rupture, leaving each of the constituent atoms with one of
the bonding electrons. These atoms are now free radicals, which require combinations
with other free radicals to form stable molecules. Alternatively, a free radical may form a
linkage with a molecule and abstract an atom and a bonding electron. This action
stabilizes the free radical, but in the process forms a new free radical. A series of free
radical attacks upon molecules results in a free radical chain. Eventually the free radical
chain terminates. Free radicals have half-life durations whose length are inverse
expressions of their stabilities. Thus, the more unstable the free radical, the more avid its
need to bond, the shorter its half-life. Also, the more unstable the free radical, the broader
the spectrum is of molecules it can interact with. Hydrogen abstraction from carbon
atoms, as well as carbon-carbon bond cleavage to create free radical chains can be
initiated by the hydroxyl free radicals caused by the action of the ozone upon water:
O3 + H2O O2 + 2OH
Hydroxyl free radicals are generated by ozone in water in a several step reaction. Carbon
dioxide is the final product of the oxidative free radical chain.
Ozone GenerationOzone Generation Nearly all commercial ozone generators employ the corona discharge principle. Nearly all commercial ozone generators employ the corona discharge principle.
Properly dried air, or oxygen itself, is passed between a high-voltage electrode Properly dried air, or oxygen itself, is passed between a high-voltage electrode
and a ground electrode separated by a dielectric material. Considerable and a ground electrode separated by a dielectric material. Considerable
electrical energy is required for the ozone producing electrical discharge field to electrical energy is required for the ozone producing electrical discharge field to
be formed. In excess of 80% of the applied energy is converted to heat that, if be formed. In excess of 80% of the applied energy is converted to heat that, if
not rapidly removed, causes the ozone to decompose, particularly above 35° C not rapidly removed, causes the ozone to decompose, particularly above 35° C
(95° F). Proper cooling of the ozone generator is crucial to maintaining ozone (95° F). Proper cooling of the ozone generator is crucial to maintaining ozone
yields. Some units include a composite mixing tank that mixes the fluid stream yields. Some units include a composite mixing tank that mixes the fluid stream
with ozone via a venturi side-stream. The side-stream venturi injection method is with ozone via a venturi side-stream. The side-stream venturi injection method is
recognized by some as more efficient than the fine bubble diffuser type for recognized by some as more efficient than the fine bubble diffuser type for
transferring ozone to water. Electrolytic generation of ozone results in the transferring ozone to water. Electrolytic generation of ozone results in the
formed ozone being rapidly dissolved in water. However, the small quantity of formed ozone being rapidly dissolved in water. However, the small quantity of
ozone containing water involved must be dispersed throughout the water being ozone containing water involved must be dispersed throughout the water being
treated. The use of static mixers, storage tanks and distribution loops serve this treated. The use of static mixers, storage tanks and distribution loops serve this
purpose.purpose.
Ozone GeneratorsOzone Generators The power of ozone generators is estimated in two ways ie - the production of The power of ozone generators is estimated in two ways ie - the production of
ozone per hour or yield (g/H or grams per hour) and quantity of ozone in weight ozone per hour or yield (g/H or grams per hour) and quantity of ozone in weight
per unit of volume of the bearer gas (mg/L) or concentration. Qmax Greentech per unit of volume of the bearer gas (mg/L) or concentration. Qmax Greentech
designs and manufactures OZONE GENERATORs caters to a range from 100 designs and manufactures OZONE GENERATORs caters to a range from 100
Mg/Hr to 5000 Gm/Hr. A swimming pool of Olympic size would hardly require 20 Mg/Hr to 5000 Gm/Hr. A swimming pool of Olympic size would hardly require 20
grams of ozone per hour from high concentration machines, but over 60 grams grams of ozone per hour from high concentration machines, but over 60 grams
from low concentration air fed generators. The reason is that the solubility of from low concentration air fed generators. The reason is that the solubility of
Ozone in water is proportional to the concentration of ozone in the bearer gas.Ozone in water is proportional to the concentration of ozone in the bearer gas.
Oxidizing Potential of Various ReagentsOxidizing Potential of Various Reagents
Oxidizing ReagentOxidizing Reagent Oxidizing PotentialOxidizing Potential
OzoneOzone 2.072.07
Hydrogen PeroxideHydrogen Peroxide 1.771.77
PermanganatePermanganate 1.671.67
Chlorine DioxideChlorine Dioxide 1.571.57
Hypochlorous acidHypochlorous acid 1.491.49
Chlorine GasChlorine Gas 1.361.36
Hypobromous acidHypobromous acid 1.331.33
OxygenOxygen 1.231.23
BromineBromine 1.091.09
Hypoiodous acidHypoiodous acid 0.990.99
HypochloriteHypochlorite 0.940.94
ChloriteChlorite 0.760.76
IodineIodine 0.540.54
Ozone vs ChlorineOzone vs Chlorine The US Government for 8 HOURS installation rates The US Government for 8 HOURS installation rates ozone as toxic at 100PPT level only. ozone as toxic at 100PPT level only.
Chlorine is not only toxic; it is also a poisonous gas Chlorine is not only toxic; it is also a poisonous gas
Ozone is generated on the premises and not stored Ozone is generated on the premises and not stored or transported. or transported.
Chlorine is stored in high pressure containers on Chlorine is stored in high pressure containers on the premises and is hazardous. the premises and is hazardous.
Ozone degrades all organic substances to make Ozone degrades all organic substances to make them into harmless ashes and does not leave any them into harmless ashes and does not leave any other by-products than Oxygen. other by-products than Oxygen.
Chlorine, on the other hand, when mixed with body Chlorine, on the other hand, when mixed with body fluids and perspiration, will form chloramines that fluids and perspiration, will form chloramines that will cause eye irritation and are carcinogenic by will cause eye irritation and are carcinogenic by nature. nature.
Ozone has become less expensive due to an Ozone has become less expensive due to an increase in efficiency and lower energy increase in efficiency and lower energy consumptionconsumption
The cost of chlorine is constantly increasing and it The cost of chlorine is constantly increasing and it has become quite expensive has become quite expensive
Ozone does not require pH control, but some other Ozone does not require pH control, but some other chemicals use may require such control.chemicals use may require such control.
Chlorine needs pH control ( 7.0 to 7.4 pH) for Chlorine needs pH control ( 7.0 to 7.4 pH) for reliable results. reliable results.
-Tests have proven that ozone is 600 to 3000 Tests have proven that ozone is 600 to 3000 times more active in the destruction of bacteria times more active in the destruction of bacteria and viruses than Chlorine in the same and viruses than Chlorine in the same concentrations. Ecoli is killed within 5 seconds by concentrations. Ecoli is killed within 5 seconds by ozone at a concentration of 1 mg/l. Even the cyst ozone at a concentration of 1 mg/l. Even the cyst and spores cant resist ozone. and spores cant resist ozone.
But to be killed by chlorine Ecoli required 15,000 But to be killed by chlorine Ecoli required 15,000 seconds at a concentrations of 1 mg/lseconds at a concentrations of 1 mg/l
-Ozone is an excellent deodorizing agent for many Ozone is an excellent deodorizing agent for many substances, such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, substances, such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, smoke, cooking smells, paint, etc. Whereas, smoke, cooking smells, paint, etc. Whereas, Chlorine is not a deodorizing agent. Chlorine is not a deodorizing agent. -Ozone is effective against decomposition of Ozone is effective against decomposition of wastes, mildew, and fungus and can be used to wastes, mildew, and fungus and can be used to eliminate "locker room" odor in dressing room. eliminate "locker room" odor in dressing room.
Chlorine doesn't have such effect. Chlorine doesn't have such effect.
Ozone is the strongest oxidant on the market !Ozone is the strongest oxidant on the market ! Ozone vs. Chlorine
Action in WaterAction in Water ChlorineChlorine OzoneOzone
Oxidation Potential (Volts)-Oxidation Potential (Volts)- 1.361.36 2.072.07
Disinfection:Disinfection: Bacteria Bacteria
Viruses Viruses
ModerateModerate
ModerateModerate
Excellent Excellent
Excellent Excellent
Environmentally FriendlyEnvironmentally Friendly NoNo YesYes
Color RemovalColor Removal GoodGood ExcellentExcellent
Carcinogen FormationCarcinogen Formation LikelyLikely UnlikelyUnlikely
Organics OxidationOrganics Oxidation ModerateModerate HighHigh
Micro flocculationMicro flocculation NoneNone ModerateModerate
pH EffectpH Effect VariableVariable LowersLowers
Water Half-LifeWater Half-Life 2-3 hours2-3 hours 20 min.20 min.
Operation Hazards: Skin ToxicityOperation Hazards: Skin Toxicity
Inhalation Toxicity Inhalation Toxicity
HighHigh
HighHigh
ModerateModerate
HighHigh
ComplexityComplexity LowLow HighHigh
Capital CostCapital Cost LowLow HighHigh
Monthly Use CostMonthly Use Cost Moderate-HighModerate-High LowLow
Industrial Applications of OzoneIndustrial Applications of OzoneUsing ozone in industrial applications does not produce any by-product to contaminate the ecological system further. In Using ozone in industrial applications does not produce any by-product to contaminate the ecological system further. In
the conventional methods, there would be by-products created in the process and this creates problems in one way or the conventional methods, there would be by-products created in the process and this creates problems in one way or
the other. However, Ozone leaves only pure oxygen and inert oxides as by-products. There is a vast potential for the other. However, Ozone leaves only pure oxygen and inert oxides as by-products. There is a vast potential for
applications in sewage treatment industry, as there is a lot of opportunities for detoxifying, de-coloring and deodorizing. applications in sewage treatment industry, as there is a lot of opportunities for detoxifying, de-coloring and deodorizing.
As OGs were capital intensive, it is not favourable in these industries and in the midst of recession. The support from the As OGs were capital intensive, it is not favourable in these industries and in the midst of recession. The support from the
government such as decreasing taxes, offering other encouragements, higher depreciation or other benefits is lacking. government such as decreasing taxes, offering other encouragements, higher depreciation or other benefits is lacking.
However, Ozone has more potential applications in other industries such as hospitality industry, fish farms, cooling However, Ozone has more potential applications in other industries such as hospitality industry, fish farms, cooling
towers beverage manufacturers, and mineral water plants.towers beverage manufacturers, and mineral water plants.
One of the important future applications is the replacement of Auto-Claves, an apparatus to sterilize surgical instruments, One of the important future applications is the replacement of Auto-Claves, an apparatus to sterilize surgical instruments,
being developed for the first time in the world. In the conventional method, surgical instruments were boiled and being developed for the first time in the world. In the conventional method, surgical instruments were boiled and
pressurized in Autoclaves. In addition to being a laborious process, it also consumed a lot of energy. This can be easily pressurized in Autoclaves. In addition to being a laborious process, it also consumed a lot of energy. This can be easily
replaced by ozone-based disinfectors with high concentration of ozone circulating in a stream of water and dipping the replaced by ozone-based disinfectors with high concentration of ozone circulating in a stream of water and dipping the
instruments to become sterilized almost instantaneously and using less energy. instruments to become sterilized almost instantaneously and using less energy.
Other important niches for Ozone are: the cooling waters, (Keeping the cooling water sparkling without any chemical Other important niches for Ozone are: the cooling waters, (Keeping the cooling water sparkling without any chemical
build-up and hence, no need of blow-down and zero-pollution,) fish ponds, (for the same reason) sewage water treatment build-up and hence, no need of blow-down and zero-pollution,) fish ponds, (for the same reason) sewage water treatment
plants and also to remove the stench, and generally a host of applications where the liquid fire of high concentration plants and also to remove the stench, and generally a host of applications where the liquid fire of high concentration
Ozone, will oxidise unwanted molecules which otherwise resist all other treatments, such as the pesticides, DDT, Deldrin, Ozone, will oxidise unwanted molecules which otherwise resist all other treatments, such as the pesticides, DDT, Deldrin,
Arsenic, Aldrin, and other toxic or poisonous substances.Arsenic, Aldrin, and other toxic or poisonous substances.
More About More About
OzoneOzone
More About More About
OzoneOzone
The Universal DisinfectantThe Universal Disinfectant Disinfection by Disinfection by 3-atomic oxygen3-atomic oxygen called OZONE takes place by rupture of the cell wall - a more called OZONE takes place by rupture of the cell wall - a more
efficient method than Chlorine that depends upon diffusion into the cell protoplasm and efficient method than Chlorine that depends upon diffusion into the cell protoplasm and
inactivation of the enzymes. Ozone level of 0.4 ppm for 4 minutes has been shown to kill any inactivation of the enzymes. Ozone level of 0.4 ppm for 4 minutes has been shown to kill any
bacteria, virus, mold and fungus.bacteria, virus, mold and fungus.
When the effectiveness of Ozone as a disinfectant was measured, up to a certain dosage there When the effectiveness of Ozone as a disinfectant was measured, up to a certain dosage there
was little or no disinfection. At higher levels the sanitizing effect increased greatly. For complete was little or no disinfection. At higher levels the sanitizing effect increased greatly. For complete
disinfection there has to be a surplus of disinfection there has to be a surplus of residual Ozoneresidual Ozone in the solution to assure that every living in the solution to assure that every living
microorganism has been contacted.microorganism has been contacted.
In the area of In the area of virusesviruses there is yet to be discovered an antibiotic that is truly effective. There are there is yet to be discovered an antibiotic that is truly effective. There are
indications that DNA viruses such as Herpes are implicated in human cancers, since they indications that DNA viruses such as Herpes are implicated in human cancers, since they
organize the genetic material of the host cell to produce new viruses. Ozone will inactivate organize the genetic material of the host cell to produce new viruses. Ozone will inactivate
viruses on contact even at very low residual concentrations. In case of polio only 0.012 ppm viruses on contact even at very low residual concentrations. In case of polio only 0.012 ppm
removes all viruses in less than 10 seconds.removes all viruses in less than 10 seconds.
MoldMold and and mildewmildew are easily controlled by Ozone in air and in water. Giardia and Cryptosporidium are easily controlled by Ozone in air and in water. Giardia and Cryptosporidium
cystscysts are susceptible to Ozone but not effected by normal levels of Chlorine. Mold and are susceptible to Ozone but not effected by normal levels of Chlorine. Mold and mildewmildew
are easily controlled by Ozone in air and in water. Giardia and Cryptosporidium are easily controlled by Ozone in air and in water. Giardia and Cryptosporidium cystscysts are are
susceptible to Ozone but not effected by normal levels of Chlorine.susceptible to Ozone but not effected by normal levels of Chlorine.
TASTE & ODOR CONTROLTASTE & ODOR CONTROL Most tastes and odors in water supplies come from naturally Most tastes and odors in water supplies come from naturally
occurring or manmade organic material contamination. Bacterial occurring or manmade organic material contamination. Bacterial
decomposition of humic material imparts taste to surface water, decomposition of humic material imparts taste to surface water,
also the action of algae and actinomycetes give rise to also the action of algae and actinomycetes give rise to
objectionable tastes. Chlorination of humic material leads to objectionable tastes. Chlorination of humic material leads to
chlorophenols that are far stronger odor and taste antigonists chlorophenols that are far stronger odor and taste antigonists
than the original phenol and the Chlorine. Most of these odors than the original phenol and the Chlorine. Most of these odors
are removed by treatment with Ozone. Even some sulfur are removed by treatment with Ozone. Even some sulfur
compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans or organic compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans or organic
sulfides can be oxidized to Sulfates with Ozone.sulfides can be oxidized to Sulfates with Ozone.
REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALSREMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS
Ozone oxidizes the transition metals to their higher oxidation state in Ozone oxidizes the transition metals to their higher oxidation state in
which they usually form less soluble oxides, easy to separate by which they usually form less soluble oxides, easy to separate by
filtration. e.g. iron is usually in the ferrous state when it is dissolved in filtration. e.g. iron is usually in the ferrous state when it is dissolved in
water. With ozone it yields ferric iron, further oxidized in water to Ferric water. With ozone it yields ferric iron, further oxidized in water to Ferric
Hydroxide that is very insoluble and precipitates out for filtration.Hydroxide that is very insoluble and precipitates out for filtration.
Other metals: Arsenic (in presence of Iron), Cadmium, Chromium, Other metals: Arsenic (in presence of Iron), Cadmium, Chromium,
Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Manganese, Nickel, Zinc - can be treated in a Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Manganese, Nickel, Zinc - can be treated in a
similar way. At Ozone levels above 4 ppm however, Manganese will similar way. At Ozone levels above 4 ppm however, Manganese will
form soluble permanganate, showing up as a pink color.form soluble permanganate, showing up as a pink color.
COLOR REMOVALCOLOR REMOVAL Surface waters are generally colored by natural organic materials Surface waters are generally colored by natural organic materials
such as humic, fulvic and tannic acids. These compounds result from such as humic, fulvic and tannic acids. These compounds result from
the decay of vegetative materials and are generally related to the decay of vegetative materials and are generally related to
condensation products of phenol like compounds; they have condensation products of phenol like compounds; they have
conjugated carbon/carbon double bonds. When the series of double conjugated carbon/carbon double bonds. When the series of double
bonds extend upwards of twenty, the color absorption shows up in bonds extend upwards of twenty, the color absorption shows up in
the visible spectrum. Ozone is attracted to break organic double the visible spectrum. Ozone is attracted to break organic double
bonds. As more of these double bonds are eliminated, the color bonds. As more of these double bonds are eliminated, the color
disappears. Surface water can usually be decolorized when treated disappears. Surface water can usually be decolorized when treated
with 2 to 4 ppm of Ozone.with 2 to 4 ppm of Ozone.
OZONE vs. CHLORINEOZONE vs. CHLORINE In comparing disinfection efficiency, Ozone is effective 25 x more than Hypochlorous acid (HOCI), In comparing disinfection efficiency, Ozone is effective 25 x more than Hypochlorous acid (HOCI),
2,500 x more than Hypochlorite (OCI) and 5,000 x more than Chloramine (NH2,500 x more than Hypochlorite (OCI) and 5,000 x more than Chloramine (NH22CL). This is measured CL). This is measured
by comparison of CT constants - the Concentration & Time needed to kill 99.9% of all microorganisms. by comparison of CT constants - the Concentration & Time needed to kill 99.9% of all microorganisms.
Chlorine reacts with organic materials to form Chlorine containing organics such as Chloroform, Chlorine reacts with organic materials to form Chlorine containing organics such as Chloroform,
Carbon Tetrachloride, Chloromethane and others, generally known as Trihalomethanes (THMs).Carbon Tetrachloride, Chloromethane and others, generally known as Trihalomethanes (THMs).
Ozone reacts with Organics to break them down into simpler compounds. These (e.g. Oxalic Acid) do Ozone reacts with Organics to break them down into simpler compounds. These (e.g. Oxalic Acid) do
not readily break down all the way to Carbon Dioxide with just Ozone, but if subjected to bacterial not readily break down all the way to Carbon Dioxide with just Ozone, but if subjected to bacterial
degradation on activated charcoal, they will be removed. This water can be later treated with a low degradation on activated charcoal, they will be removed. This water can be later treated with a low
level of Chlorine say 0.2 - 0.3 ppm to maintain sanitation in the distribution system. This way no THMs level of Chlorine say 0.2 - 0.3 ppm to maintain sanitation in the distribution system. This way no THMs
will be formed. The THMs have been implicated as carcinogens in the development of Kidney, Bladder will be formed. The THMs have been implicated as carcinogens in the development of Kidney, Bladder
and Colon Cancer. The regulatory authorities are again decreasing the levels of THMs that can be in and Colon Cancer. The regulatory authorities are again decreasing the levels of THMs that can be in
Community water systems. At the present time the limit is 0.05 ppm. Based on the scientific research, Community water systems. At the present time the limit is 0.05 ppm. Based on the scientific research,
the level will be most likely soon lowered to 0.01 ppm. the level will be most likely soon lowered to 0.01 ppm.
Ozone does not react significantly with THMs as they are more resistant to oxidation - it takes a very Ozone does not react significantly with THMs as they are more resistant to oxidation - it takes a very
long time to achieve full oxidation. Some THMs are removed as a result of physical sparging by the long time to achieve full oxidation. Some THMs are removed as a result of physical sparging by the
aeration action of the ozone/air mixture.aeration action of the ozone/air mixture.
IMPROVED COAGULATION & IMPROVED COAGULATION & TURBIDITY REMOVALTURBIDITY REMOVAL
Oxidation of dissolved organic materials by Ozone results in polar and Oxidation of dissolved organic materials by Ozone results in polar and
charged molecules that can react with Polyvalent Aluminum or Calcium to charged molecules that can react with Polyvalent Aluminum or Calcium to
form precipitates. Treatment of a surface water with up to 0.5 ppm of form precipitates. Treatment of a surface water with up to 0.5 ppm of
Ozone results in a decrease in turbidity, improved settleability and a Ozone results in a decrease in turbidity, improved settleability and a
reduction in the number of particles. Referred to as reduction in the number of particles. Referred to as pre-ozonationpre-ozonation this this
treatment destabilizes the colloid with a resultant reduction of the amount treatment destabilizes the colloid with a resultant reduction of the amount
of coagulant needed to produce a clear filtrateof coagulant needed to produce a clear filtrate. .
ALGAE REMOVAL
Ozonation of a water contaminated with Algae oxidizes and floats
the Algae to the top of the reservoir. The ozone will also oxidize
the metabolic by-products of the Algae and remove the
undesirable odor and taste.
OZONE REACTIONS TO ORGANICSOZONE REACTIONS TO ORGANICS Ozone reacts rapidly with most simple aromatic compounds and unsaturated Ozone reacts rapidly with most simple aromatic compounds and unsaturated
aliphatic, such as Vinyl Chloride, 1,1-dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, p-aliphatic, such as Vinyl Chloride, 1,1-dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, p-
dichlorobenzene, Benzene, etc. But it reacts slowly with complex aromatics and dichlorobenzene, Benzene, etc. But it reacts slowly with complex aromatics and
saturated aliphatic. Ozone will degrade many organic compounds, such as saturated aliphatic. Ozone will degrade many organic compounds, such as
sugars, phenols, alcohols, and as it degrades these materials it returns to sugars, phenols, alcohols, and as it degrades these materials it returns to
Oxygen.Oxygen.
Coupling Ozone with Hydrogen PeroxideCoupling Ozone with Hydrogen Peroxide will cause the formation of very will cause the formation of very
active Hydroxyl ions which cause a nucleophilic attack on organic compounds. active Hydroxyl ions which cause a nucleophilic attack on organic compounds.
This can cause displacement of Halogens and other functional groups such as This can cause displacement of Halogens and other functional groups such as
Amines and Sulfides. Coupling Ozone with Hydrogen Peroxide will cause the Amines and Sulfides. Coupling Ozone with Hydrogen Peroxide will cause the
formation of very active Hydroxyl ions which cause a nucleophilic attack on formation of very active Hydroxyl ions which cause a nucleophilic attack on
organic compounds. This can cause displacement of Halogens and other organic compounds. This can cause displacement of Halogens and other
functional groups such as Amines and Sulfides.functional groups such as Amines and Sulfides.
OZONE SOLUBILITYOZONE SOLUBILITY The solubility of Ozone depends on the temperature of water and concentration of Ozone in the The solubility of Ozone depends on the temperature of water and concentration of Ozone in the
gas phase.gas phase.
5°C10°C
15°C20°C
1.5%
2.00%
3.00%
22.18
19.5
16.79
12.8614.79
1311.19
8.5711.9
9.758.4
6.430
5
10
15
20
25
1.5%
2.00%
3.00%
1.5% 11.9 9.75 8.4 6.43
2.00% 14.79 13 11.19 8.57
3.00% 22.18 19.5 16.79 12.86
5°C 10°C 15°C 20°C
O3 Gas
If oxidizable chemicals are present in the water, even more Ozone will
dissolve to satisfy the demand. One limiting factor is the efficient of the
mass transfer device used. In case of a pump and Bubble Diffuser, the
water column should be at least 16ft. high. Higher concentrations of Ozone
in water cause more vigorous oxidation of even resistant organic
compounds.
AIR TREATMENTAIR TREATMENT Ozone reacts rapidly with most odors, oxidizing them to less harmful elements or all the Ozone reacts rapidly with most odors, oxidizing them to less harmful elements or all the
way to harmless Carbon Dioxide.way to harmless Carbon Dioxide.
More and more of our furnishings and floor coverings are made from synthetic materials. More and more of our furnishings and floor coverings are made from synthetic materials.
Under the stagnant air conditions which prevail because of the lack of ventilation, Under the stagnant air conditions which prevail because of the lack of ventilation,
decomposition products and solvents leach out of these synthetic materials and fill the decomposition products and solvents leach out of these synthetic materials and fill the
indoor space. Much has been said about the "indoor space. Much has been said about the "sick building syndromesick building syndrome" and this usually " and this usually
refers to institutional building. But they have basically the same problems as the private refers to institutional building. But they have basically the same problems as the private
home. When odors are inhaled, they increase the demand for oxygen in the human body home. When odors are inhaled, they increase the demand for oxygen in the human body
thus depleting the body of oxygen.thus depleting the body of oxygen.
Ozone in natural settings is around 0.02 ppm, but it can be as high as 0.10 ppm. At this Ozone in natural settings is around 0.02 ppm, but it can be as high as 0.10 ppm. At this
level it is capable of keeping pathogens in check and yet at this level ozone is not harmful level it is capable of keeping pathogens in check and yet at this level ozone is not harmful
to higher life forms such as fish, birds, animals or man. Ozone is not causing harm to the to higher life forms such as fish, birds, animals or man. Ozone is not causing harm to the
nature. Only a prolonged exposure to very unnatural high levels of ozone may lead to nature. Only a prolonged exposure to very unnatural high levels of ozone may lead to
discomfort, later headache and coughing, telling you to leave the space and seek better discomfort, later headache and coughing, telling you to leave the space and seek better
air.air.
ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
60%
40%HVAC
OTHER UTILITIESAND LIGHTING
COOLING LOAD BREAK UP FOR HIGH OCCUPANCY APPLICATIONS -
MALL,MULTIPLEX,IT AND SOFTWARE OFFICE ETC.
35%
65%
FRESH AIRCOOLING LOAD
OTHER COOLINGLOAD
WHY DO WE NEED FRESH AIR ?
TO REDUCE THE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC)
TO REMOVE ODOURS
TO DILUTE CO2
IN SHORT FRESH AIR IS REQUIRED TO IMPROVE THE INDOOR AIR QUALITY
HOW DOES FRESH AIR IMPROVE INDOOR AIR QUALITY ?
HOW DOES FRESH AIR IMPROVE INDOOR AIR QUALITY ?
•THE OXYGEN IN THE FRESH AIR
OXIDISES THE VOC AND ODOURS
•THE OXYGEN IN THE FRESH AIR
ALSO DILUTES THE CO2
IN SHORT , OXYGEN IN THE FRESH AIR DOES THE WORK
ASHRAE VENTILATION CODE NO 62-1999
ASHRAE VENTILATION CODE NO 62-1999
•MINIMUM 15 CFM PER PERSON
•30 CFM PER PERSON IF SMOKING IS
PERMITTED
ENERGY CONSUMED BY FRESH AIR
ENERGY CONSUMED BY FRESH AIR
•150 CFM OF FRESH AIR IN MUMBAI WILL
REQUIRE 1 TON OF COOLING LOAD
•THIS WILL CONSUME APPROX. 1 KW
ENERGY FOR A WATERCOOLED
SYSTEM OR 1.3 KW OF ENERGY FOR
AN AIRCOOLED SYSTEM
HOW CAN WE MINIMISE THIS ENERGY WASTAGE ?
HOW CAN WE MINIMISE THIS ENERGY WASTAGE ?
•AIR QUALITY IMPROVES DRAMATICALLY.
•OXYGEN IS THUS REQUIRED ONLY TO DILUTE THE CO2 . THIS IS A MUCH SMALLER
REQUIREMENT.
•THUS FRESH AIR CAN BE MODULATED RATIONALLY DOWN TO 5 CFM OR LESS PER
PERSON.
HOW CAN WE MINIMISE THIS ENERGY WASTAGE ?
HOW CAN WE MINIMISE THIS ENERGY WASTAGE ?
•THIS WILL REDUCE THE
OVERALL PLANT
CAPACITY BY UP-TO 25 %
SAVING IN HVAC LOAD DUE TO OZONIZATION
10%
25%
65%
REDUCEDFRESH AIRCOOLING LOADAFTEROZONIZATIONSAVING INLOAD DUE TOOZONIZATION
OTHERCOOLING LOAD
SAVING IN OVERALL ENERGY CONSUMPTION (HIGH OCCUPANCY APPLICATION)
40%39%
6% 15%
ENERGY CONSUMEDBY LOAD OTHER THANHVAC
ENERGY CONSUMEDBY HVAC NON FRESHAIR LOAD
ENERGY CONSUMEDBY REDUCED FRESHAIR AFTEROZONIZATION
SAVING IN ENERGYDUE TO RATIONALMODULATION OFFRESH AIR
PERMISSIBLE OZONE PERMISSIBLE OZONE CONCENTRATIONCONCENTRATION
PERMISSIBLE OZONE PERMISSIBLE OZONE CONCENTRATIONCONCENTRATION
If residual concentration exceeds, Ozone is a toxic gas.If residual concentration exceeds, Ozone is a toxic gas.maximum Permissible Concentration in Occupied space:maximum Permissible Concentration in Occupied space:
OSHA: OSHA: 0.1 ppm ( 100 PPB)0.1 ppm ( 100 PPB) Exposure of 8 Hr /day, 5 days a weekExposure of 8 Hr /day, 5 days a week
ASHRAE:ASHRAE: 0.05 ppm (50 ppb)0.05 ppm (50 ppb)
FDA:FDA: 0.05 ppm ( 50 ppb) 0.05 ppm ( 50 ppb) Continuous exposure 24 hr/day Continuous exposure 24 hr/day
365 Days a year365 Days a year
METHODS TO ENSURE METHODS TO ENSURE CONCENTRATION WITHIN CONCENTRATION WITHIN
LIMITSLIMITS
METHODS TO ENSURE METHODS TO ENSURE CONCENTRATION WITHIN CONCENTRATION WITHIN
LIMITSLIMITS
Use Auto VOC Sensor and ControllerUse Auto VOC Sensor and Controller Based on the residual VOCBased on the residual VOC Regulate output of ozone GeneratorRegulate output of ozone Generator Use Ozone Monitor to alarm / trip Use Ozone Monitor to alarm / trip
Ozone Generator in the event of high Ozone Generator in the event of high concentrationconcentration
ANNULAR CORONA GENERATOR
Ł = QUANTITY OF OZONE PRODUCEDL ML VL F
M = MASS FLOW OF AIR OVER CORONA TUBEV = APPLIED VOLTAGE ACROSS DIELECTRICF = APPLIED FREQUENCY ACROSS DIELECTRIC
Air FlowFrom Fan
M
MV, F
V, F
AnnularCorona Tube
Applied LinePower
Applied Electricityto Corona Tube
Solid State FrequencyConverter Transformer
Supply Air Duct
AHU
Return Air Duct
VOC Sensor
Ozone Injection Tube to HVAC Duct
FIG 2
INDOOR AIR SPACE
RESIDUAL OZONE = 03
RESIDUAL VOC = V
SUPPLY AIR DUCT
AHU
RETURN AIR DUCT
VOC SENSOR
ANNULAR TUBEOZONE GENERATOR
ANNULAR CORONA GENERATOR
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSION Benefit of OZONE SYSTEMBenefit of OZONE SYSTEM
ACHIEVESACHIEVES
Dramatic reduction in build up of HC,Toxic Dramatic reduction in build up of HC,Toxic Gases, and VOCGases, and VOC
Dramatic Reduction in OdorDramatic Reduction in Odor Near Total Elimination of Cigarette Smoke. Near Total Elimination of Cigarette Smoke.
Depletion of Microbial Colonies (Fungi) in Depletion of Microbial Colonies (Fungi) in
Ducts and AHU cooling coils. Eliminates Ducts and AHU cooling coils. Eliminates duct cleaningduct cleaning
Depletion of Microbial (Fungi) IndoorDepletion of Microbial (Fungi) Indoor
CONCLUSION (CONTD)CONCLUSION (CONTD)ECONOMIC BENEFITSECONOMIC BENEFITSCONCLUSION (CONTD)CONCLUSION (CONTD)ECONOMIC BENEFITSECONOMIC BENEFITS
DIRECT ECONOMIC BENFITS OF DIRECT ECONOMIC BENFITS OF OZONE SYSTEMSOZONE SYSTEMS
CAPITAL COST SAVINGSCAPITAL COST SAVINGS
Reduced size and capacity of HVAC systems.Reduced size and capacity of HVAC systems.
Cost of QMAX Greentech Ozone System is Cost of QMAX Greentech Ozone System is often lower than Savings in HVAC plant often lower than Savings in HVAC plant reductionreduction
Net Result: REDUCED CAPITAL COSTNet Result: REDUCED CAPITAL COST
CONCLUSION (CONTD)CONCLUSION (CONTD)CONCLUSION (CONTD)CONCLUSION (CONTD)
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITSENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
Reduced Fungi and Microbes in Ducts, Reduced Fungi and Microbes in Ducts, Cooling Coils and IndoorCooling Coils and Indoor
Reduced Allergy Related DisordersReduced Allergy Related Disorders
Cleaner Indoor, Cleaner DuctsCleaner Indoor, Cleaner Ducts
ECONOMIESECONOMIESECONOMIESECONOMIES Ozone is effective against a large variety of water treatment problems. In Ozone is effective against a large variety of water treatment problems. In
general, the more problems in the water to be treated with ozone, the less an general, the more problems in the water to be treated with ozone, the less an
ozonation system costs when compared to other more conventional treatment ozonation system costs when compared to other more conventional treatment
methods. When one is comparing the cost of an ozonation system to other methods. When one is comparing the cost of an ozonation system to other
treatment systems there are some key factors to consider; here are a few:treatment systems there are some key factors to consider; here are a few:
There is no need to purchase, ship or store chemical oxidants or disinfectantsThere is no need to purchase, ship or store chemical oxidants or disinfectants
There is no labor for handling.There is no labor for handling.
Many health and safety concerns are reduced or eliminated.Many health and safety concerns are reduced or eliminated.
Because ozone reacts so much more quickly there is opportunity for substantial Because ozone reacts so much more quickly there is opportunity for substantial
savings in space requirements for the treatment system.savings in space requirements for the treatment system.
Because ozone treatment design is flexible, one of the variety of installations Because ozone treatment design is flexible, one of the variety of installations
can be adapted to any fit any design circumstance.can be adapted to any fit any design circumstance.
It is likely that much of your existing treatment facilities are adaptable to an It is likely that much of your existing treatment facilities are adaptable to an
ozone based treatment system.ozone based treatment system.
The pay back of your investment can be surprisingly short.The pay back of your investment can be surprisingly short.
Venturi InjectionVenturi InjectionVenturi InjectionVenturi Injection Venturi Injectors (Injectors) work by forcing water through a conical Venturi Injectors (Injectors) work by forcing water through a conical
body which initiates a pressure differential between the inlet and body which initiates a pressure differential between the inlet and outlet ports. This creates a vacuum inside the injector body, which outlet ports. This creates a vacuum inside the injector body, which initiates ozone suction through the suction port.initiates ozone suction through the suction port.
Characteristics
• Very high ozone mass transfer rate (up to 60 to 70%)
• Requires water pump to initiate suction
• Efficiency rarely decreases over time
• No moving parts
Bubble DiffusersBubble Diffusers Bubble DiffusersBubble Diffusers
Characteristics:Characteristics: Low ozone mass transfer rate (typically around 10-15%)Low ozone mass transfer rate (typically around 10-15%)
Efficiency increases with increased water depthEfficiency increases with increased water depth
Requires air-pump to transfer oxygen below surfaceRequires air-pump to transfer oxygen below surface
Diffuser holes become fouled decreasing transfer efficiencyDiffuser holes become fouled decreasing transfer efficiency
Bubble Diffusers work by emitting ozone through hundreds of bubbles beneath the waters surface.
What happens inside a What happens inside a static mixer?static mixer?
What happens inside a What happens inside a static mixer?static mixer?
If you think a venturi injector is good enough, think
again. Venturi injectors do attain fairly good mass
transfer, but using a static mixer can greatly
improve your mass transfer efficiency up to 90 to
95%.
Notice how the bubbles are made into a fine mist as they move from left to right
resulting in significantly greater ozone mass transfer than using a venturi alone.
Pipe size is 1-1/2" diameter.
Pilot Ozonation for Drinking WaterPilot Ozonation for Drinking Water
Applications:Applications: Destruction of bacteria and viruses Destruction of bacteria and viruses Oxidation of iron and manganese Oxidation of iron and manganese Heavy metal precipitation Heavy metal precipitation Colour destruction Colour destruction Taste improvement Taste improvement Algae and protozoa destruction Algae and protozoa destruction Hardness reduction Hardness reduction Hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans Hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans
elimination elimination
Ozone chemical free treatments & Ozone chemical free treatments & applicationsapplications
Domestic/MunicipalDomestic/Municipal
Pulp & paperPulp & paper
Mining (Cyanide,Arsenic)Mining (Cyanide,Arsenic)
Pharmaceutical (Phenol )Pharmaceutical (Phenol )
TextileTextile
LeatherLeather
Petroleum/PetrochemicalsPetroleum/Petrochemicals
ElectroplatingElectroplating
Heavy metal precipitationHeavy metal precipitation
Landfill leacheates Landfill leacheates
Cooling towers treatment
Boiler water treatment
Chilled water treatment
Cutting fluids recycling
Barn disinfecting (air/water)
Hydroponics
Animal waste treatment
Water dripping treatment
Animal drinking water
Irrigation water disinfecting
Ozone chemical free treatments & Ozone chemical free treatments & applicationsapplications
Drinking & water bottlingDrinking & water bottling
Food Grain disinfectingFood Grain disinfecting
Fruit & vegetable storageFruit & vegetable storage
Meat storageMeat storage
Slaughter house disinfectingSlaughter house disinfecting
Fruits & vegetable washFruits & vegetable wash
Food containers sterilizationsFood containers sterilizations
Wine/Beer SO2 replacementWine/Beer SO2 replacement
Chicken egg washChicken egg wash
Ozonated meat grinders Ozonated meat grinders
Smoke & odour treatmentSmoke & odour treatment
Semiconductor wafers cleanSemiconductor wafers clean
Laundry water recyclingLaundry water recycling
Med. instrument sterilizationMed. instrument sterilization
Hospital air sterilizationHospital air sterilization
Aqua-cultureAqua-culture
Paper pulp bleachPaper pulp bleach
Sour gas desulphurizationSour gas desulphurization
Zebra mussels treatmentZebra mussels treatment
Rubber recycling Rubber recycling
OperationOperation Theater For DisinfectionTheater For Disinfection
The measure of an oxidiser and its ability to oxidise organic and inorganic material is its oxidation potential
(measured in volts of electrical energy). Oxidation potential indicates the degree of chemical transformation
to be expected when using various oxidants. It gauges the ease with which a substance loses electrons and
is converted to a higher state of oxidation
Theoretically the substance with the lower oxidation potential will be oxidised by the substance with the
higher oxidation potential. A substance can only be oxidised by an oxidiser with a higher potential. The
oxidation potentials of common oxidants and disinfectants associated with water and wastewater treatment
are all of a lower oxidation potential than ozone. There is only one element with a higher oxidation potential
than ozone and that is fluorine.
Oxidation potential does not indicate the relative speed of oxidation nor how complete the oxidation reactions
will be. Complete oxidation converts a specific organic compound to carbon dioxide and water. Oxidation
reactions that take place during water treatment are rarely complete, due to the large quantity of
contaminants and relatively short durations of time in which to oxidise the water pollutants.
Although the relative position of an oxidant is indicative of its ability to oxidise other materials, it does not
indicate how fast one material will be oxidised by another, nor how far toward completion (to carbon dioxide
and water) the oxidation reaction will proceed.
Post-Ozonation RequirementsPost-Ozonation Requirements
The ozonation treatment step is usually followed by :The ozonation treatment step is usually followed by :
1.1. ClarificationClarification: to precipitate oxidised organic and inorganic matter: to precipitate oxidised organic and inorganic matter..
2.2. FiltrationFiltration (nano, sand, charcoal): to remove precipitants. The use of activated (nano, sand, charcoal): to remove precipitants. The use of activated
carbon filters has the added advantage of adsorbing the excess unreacted, carbon filters has the added advantage of adsorbing the excess unreacted,
unrecycled ozone and allows it to convert back to oxygen. unrecycled ozone and allows it to convert back to oxygen.
This increased understanding of ozone oxidation has lead to the broadening of This increased understanding of ozone oxidation has lead to the broadening of
its applications making it the one of the fastest growing market segments its applications making it the one of the fastest growing market segments
within the drinking water and waste water treatment industry. Other industries within the drinking water and waste water treatment industry. Other industries
employing ozone treatment include the agricultural, food, pharmaceutical, and employing ozone treatment include the agricultural, food, pharmaceutical, and
electronic industries. Lower ozone production costs have allowed this material electronic industries. Lower ozone production costs have allowed this material
from the past to have modern applications.from the past to have modern applications.
Disclaimer: The articles about ozone are collected from several sources from the internet and does not necessarily reflect Qmax Greentech applications and experience
Chemical free Pool water treatment Chemical free Pool water treatment with Ozonewith Ozone
Ozone can replace partially or totally Chlorine in the pool. It is many times more effective in getting rid ofOzone can replace partially or totally Chlorine in the pool. It is many times more effective in getting rid of
bacteria & viruses then Chlorine. bacteria & viruses then Chlorine.
It will maintain a very clean water without the use of the many chemicals used to disinfect, to adjust the PH,It will maintain a very clean water without the use of the many chemicals used to disinfect, to adjust the PH,
Alkalinity...Alkalinity...
By comparison to the Chlorine , By comparison to the Chlorine , Ozone water treatment system for poolOzone water treatment system for pool is virtually maintenance free. All is virtually maintenance free. All
what you need is to install Ozonator , add the Ozone fix and enjoy.what you need is to install Ozonator , add the Ozone fix and enjoy.
No Chlorine EVER!!!!No Chlorine EVER!!!!
Imagine your pool and spa with no chlorine. Imagine your pool and spa with no chlorine.
Yes, imagine yourself sitting in your spa with sparkling clean water, no smell of chlorine irritating your Yes, imagine yourself sitting in your spa with sparkling clean water, no smell of chlorine irritating your
nose. Your bathing suit is not slowly disintegrating from the chlorine in the water. nose. Your bathing suit is not slowly disintegrating from the chlorine in the water.
Yes, imagine you and your children swimming in a pool filled with sparkling water. Enjoy all the pool fun Yes, imagine you and your children swimming in a pool filled with sparkling water. Enjoy all the pool fun
with out red burning eyes. The blond swimmers don't get green hair. Your skin is smooth and silky, no rash with out red burning eyes. The blond swimmers don't get green hair. Your skin is smooth and silky, no rash
or itchiness here.or itchiness here.
The first concern of pool owners should be the safety of the water in your pool. OZONE is one of the The first concern of pool owners should be the safety of the water in your pool. OZONE is one of the
strongest oxidizers available. Only fluorine is stronger. Chlorine is a weaker oxidizer. Ozone water strongest oxidizers available. Only fluorine is stronger. Chlorine is a weaker oxidizer. Ozone water
treatment system has a quicker kill time of organisms and kills more types. OZONE is used to purify treatment system has a quicker kill time of organisms and kills more types. OZONE is used to purify
Olympic pools. In fact the athletes in the LA Olympics refused to swim in a pool purified by chlorine.Olympic pools. In fact the athletes in the LA Olympics refused to swim in a pool purified by chlorine.
We guarantee NO CHLORINE NEEDED EVER. Instead bromine is used. The bromide combines with the We guarantee NO CHLORINE NEEDED EVER. Instead bromine is used. The bromide combines with the
OZONE to form bromine. The bromine then reacts with the algae. Bromide is then released as a OZONE to form bromine. The bromine then reacts with the algae. Bromide is then released as a
byproduct. The cycle begins again!! Bromides needs only to be added to replace that removed by water byproduct. The cycle begins again!! Bromides needs only to be added to replace that removed by water
splashing out of the pool or exiting on the bodies of swimmers.splashing out of the pool or exiting on the bodies of swimmers.
An added advantage as you can see, is that there are no harmful byproducts. Ozone breaks down into An added advantage as you can see, is that there are no harmful byproducts. Ozone breaks down into
oxygen. Chlorine on the other hand breaks down into trihalomethanes, which have been shown to oxygen. Chlorine on the other hand breaks down into trihalomethanes, which have been shown to
increase the incidence of kidney, bladder and colon cancer. Another byproducts of chlorine plus urine and increase the incidence of kidney, bladder and colon cancer. Another byproducts of chlorine plus urine and
or perspiration are chloramines, which cause eye and skin irritation.or perspiration are chloramines, which cause eye and skin irritation.
THOUSANDS THAT TREAT THEIR POOLS THE BEST WAY DOES THOUSANDS THAT TREAT THEIR POOLS THE BEST WAY DOES
THIS SOUND TOO GOOD TO BE TRUE ?? THIS SOUND TOO GOOD TO BE TRUE ?? THIS TIME THE TRUTH IS GOODTHIS TIME THE TRUTH IS GOOD
OOzone was first used in swimming pool water treatment in the 1950's. Since then its zone was first used in swimming pool water treatment in the 1950's. Since then its
use has widely grown. There are over 30,000 swimming pools in Europe that are treated use has widely grown. There are over 30,000 swimming pools in Europe that are treated
with ozone. The swimming pools for the Olympics have been treated with Ozone at least with ozone. The swimming pools for the Olympics have been treated with Ozone at least
since 1986 for the Los Angeles Olympics. Most recently the Sydney Aquatic Center pool since 1986 for the Los Angeles Olympics. Most recently the Sydney Aquatic Center pool
water was treated with Ozone.water was treated with Ozone.
Well known water facilities using ozone to treat their water:Well known water facilities using ozone to treat their water:
Disneyland and Disney World for all their water featuresDisneyland and Disney World for all their water features
Mirage Resort, Las VegasMirage Resort, Las Vegas
San Diego Zoo, San Diego, CA for their marine and Aquatic habitatsSan Diego Zoo, San Diego, CA for their marine and Aquatic habitats
Vancouver Aquarium, Vancouver, Canada -for their Sea mammal support systemsVancouver Aquarium, Vancouver, Canada -for their Sea mammal support systems
Universal Studios, Jurassic Park, "The Ride“Universal Studios, Jurassic Park, "The Ride“
Many YMCA's and hotels Many YMCA's and hotels
Waterparks and aquatic centers Waterparks and aquatic centers
WHAT HAPPENS IN YOUR SWIMMING POOL ?WHAT HAPPENS IN YOUR SWIMMING POOL ?
EACH swimmer brings into the pool: EACH swimmer brings into the pool:
300-400 million bacteria 300-400 million bacteria
0.5 gr. of organic matter 0.5 gr. of organic matter
30-50 cc of urine30-50 cc of urine
Ozone water treatment system can take care of it!Ozone water treatment system can take care of it!
Ozone kills bacteria, viruses, spores, and mold and does it fast. Ozone pierces the cell wall of bacteria and Ozone kills bacteria, viruses, spores, and mold and does it fast. Ozone pierces the cell wall of bacteria and
viruses killing them 3000 times faster than chlorine. Ozone was used to treat the water in the swimming pool viruses killing them 3000 times faster than chlorine. Ozone was used to treat the water in the swimming pool
that the AIDS infected blood of Greg Louganis contaminated. No one else contracted AIDS from that incident.that the AIDS infected blood of Greg Louganis contaminated. No one else contracted AIDS from that incident.
Ozone water treatment system advantagesOzone water treatment system advantages
OZONE is produced on site-no storage or transport of dangerous chemicals OZONE is produced on site-no storage or transport of dangerous chemicals
OZONE kills all bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites OZONE kills all bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites
OZONE prevents calcium carbonate scaling and removes existing OZONE prevents calcium carbonate scaling and removes existing
OZONE not used up slowly decomposes to oxygen up to the saturation point of oxygen in water this OZONE not used up slowly decomposes to oxygen up to the saturation point of oxygen in water this
gives sparkling clean pool water gives sparkling clean pool water
OZONE use in the water does not cause discharge liabilities OZONE use in the water does not cause discharge liabilities
OZONE is not affected by pH of water, nor does it affect the pH of water OZONE is not affected by pH of water, nor does it affect the pH of water
OZONE causes increased flocculation of organic wastes, thus increasing the effectiveness of the OZONE causes increased flocculation of organic wastes, thus increasing the effectiveness of the
sand filtration system of your pool. sand filtration system of your pool.
ARE YOU SURE IT WON'T NEED CHLORINE EVER ?
YES, we are sure except sometimes for chock treatment in cold climates at the begining of the
season. We use bromides instead of chlorine for residual disinfection and algae destruction. The
bromine reacts with algae and turns to bromide. The bromide recombines with the ozone to
reform bromine. This starts the cycle over again. Bromide is added in the beginning and additional
bromide is needed only as water leaves the pool by splashing or on a swimmer's body
as he/she exits
There are several models you can choose from depending on the size & usage of your pool.
The following are general guide lines
Pool VolumePool Volume OO33 G/hr G/hr
2,000 Liter2,000 Liter 2.5 to 3.02.5 to 3.0
4,000 Liter4,000 Liter 5.05.0
6,000 liter6,000 liter 8.08.0
10,000 Liter10,000 Liter 15.015.0
20,000 Liter20,000 Liter 25.025.0
Disclaimer: The articles about ozone are collected from several sources from the internet and does not necessarily reflect Qmax Greentech
applications and experience
Ozone FAQOzone FAQWhat is Ozone?What is Ozone?
OzoneOzone (O (O33) is an allotrope of oxygen, the molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms instead of the more) is an allotrope of oxygen, the molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms instead of the more
stable diatomic Ostable diatomic O22
Ozone is a pale blue gas at standard temperature and pressure. It forms a dark blue liquid below -112 ºCOzone is a pale blue gas at standard temperature and pressure. It forms a dark blue liquid below -112 ºCand a dark blue solid below -193 ºC. Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is also unstable, decaying toand a dark blue solid below -193 ºC. Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is also unstable, decaying toordinary oxygen through the reaction: 2Oordinary oxygen through the reaction: 2O33 -> 3O -> 3O22. This reaction proceeds more rapidly with increasing. This reaction proceeds more rapidly with increasingtemperature and decreasing pressure.temperature and decreasing pressure.
Discovery of ozoneDiscovery of ozone
OzoneOzone was discovered by German-Swiss chemist Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1840, who named it was discovered by German-Swiss chemist Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1840, who named it afterafter
the Greek word for smell (ozein), from the peculiar odor in lightning storms. (Source: the Greek word for smell (ozein), from the peculiar odor in lightning storms. (Source: OzoneWikipediaOzoneWikipedia))
Ozone applicationOzone application
Sterilization and purification of water by the use of ozone has been used for may years in drinking water Sterilization and purification of water by the use of ozone has been used for may years in drinking water andand
Waste water treatment plants throughout the world. Ozone is very reactive form of oxygen that can destroyWaste water treatment plants throughout the world. Ozone is very reactive form of oxygen that can destroyand enormous variety of liquid waste materials and toxins.and enormous variety of liquid waste materials and toxins.
Ozone regulationsOzone regulations
In Canada the Worker's Compensation Board of B.C. guidelines stipulate that continuous exposure 8 hoursIn Canada the Worker's Compensation Board of B.C. guidelines stipulate that continuous exposure 8 hoursa day for 5 days per week in an environment containing .08 ppm. of ozone is safe. The output of thea day for 5 days per week in an environment containing .08 ppm. of ozone is safe. The output of theozonator can be adjusted to be below these limits or others limits depending on the local regulations.ozonator can be adjusted to be below these limits or others limits depending on the local regulations.
For Sterilization, Disinfection & For Sterilization, Disinfection & Air PurificationAir Purification
Commercial Ozone GeneratorCommercial Ozone Generator
Thank You for being Thank You for being With Us……..With Us……..
#88/1, Opp. BEL Corporate Office, Outer Ring Road, Nagawara, #88/1, Opp. BEL Corporate Office, Outer Ring Road, Nagawara, Bangalore-560045. Ph: 080-41637074. Fax:080-23130323. Bangalore-560045. Ph: 080-41637074. Fax:080-23130323. E-mail: E-mail: [email protected]@gmail.com Web: Web: www.qmaxgreen.comwww.qmaxgreen.com
Email : [email protected]@gmail.com
Qmax GreentechQmax GreentechQmax GreentechQmax Greentech
Contact: Mr. Pragnesh Mehta
