KIA ORA 1 Overview • Dr Alexandra Hart (slide 1) •Overview (slide 2 - this slide) • Qualitative vs Quantitative Research • We Interview to Discover •The Structure of Experience •Recap: We Interview to Discover •More on: The Structure of Experience •Setting the Scene • Questions, Phrases and Techniques • Exercises 1 and 2: Interview analysis and Triad work 2 Qualitative vs Quantitative •Does your research involve the animate or inanimate? •Animate objects of research are consciously aware. •Does your research concern behaviour or experience? •Behaviour can be externally observed and measured. •Experience implies a subject who is consciously aware and has a perspective on their world. This is their subjectivity. •The word subjectivity is not the same as the word subjective. •The word subjectivity is not related to the following dichotomy: subjective (irrational, disorderly) vs objective (rational, orderly). 3 We Interview to Discover: • the atomic structure of an experience, • the phenomenal and textural invariants of experience, • the domains (or ecologies) of experience and their corresponding domains (or ecologies) of meaning, • the underlying structure of a domain of experience, • the dynamics of the ‘cognitive ecology’ and • the relationships between domains of experience and/or cognitive ecologies. • We aim NOT to change or pollute the cognitive ecology. • We do NOT use interventions or create transformation! 4
Transcript
KIA ORA
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Overview • Dr Alexandra Hart (slide 1)#•Overview (slide 2 - this slide)#• Qualitative vs Quantitative Research#• We Interview to Discover #•The Structure of Experience#•Recap: We Interview to Discover#•More on: The Structure of Experience#•Setting the Scene#• Questions, Phrases and Techniques#• Exercises 1 and 2: Interview analysis and Triad work
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Qualitative vs Quantitative •Does your research involve the animate or inanimate?#•Animate objects of research are consciously aware.#•Does your research concern behaviour or experience?#•Behaviour can be externally observed and measured.#•Experience implies a subject who is consciously aware and has a perspective on their world. This is their subjectivity.#•The word subjectivity is not the same as the word subjective.#•The word subjectivity is not related to the following dichotomy: subjective (irrational, disorderly) vs objective (rational, orderly).
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We Interview to Discover:!
• the atomic structure of an experience,#• the phenomenal and textural invariants of experience,#• the domains (or ecologies) of experience and their corresponding domains (or ecologies) of meaning,#• the underlying structure of a domain of experience,#• the dynamics of the ‘cognitive ecology’ and#• the relationships between domains of experience and/or cognitive ecologies.#• We aim NOT to change or pollute the cognitive ecology.#• We do NOT use interventions or create transformation!
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The Structure of Experience!
•All experiences involve: a subject, an object and a relationship between the subject and object.#•I love you. (self, love, other, energy: phenomenal invariants).#• Subjects, objects and relationships are interchangeable#•Relationships provide the underlying structure of experience#•Experience is complex and highly connected#•The structure of experience has many layers#•The structure of experience is very stable and ordered#•All of the ‘elements’ of experience contribute to meaning
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Relationships • S1: How was it?#•S2: T1 didn’t go well. I didn’t deal with the transponder well.#•S2: T2 was great. I managed that in less than 30 secs.#!
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•We’ll start with 10 on 1min, then a 1-5 pyramid with the efforts on the way up at TTP and 1km under TTP on the way down. RPM between 100-110. Then we will do some 1min efforts on 2mins at 120 RPM. 10sec away, 2sec, Up.
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Order •Introducing Alexandra (slide 1)#•Overview (slide 2 - this slide)#• Qualitative vs Quantitative researc
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The Structure of Experience!
•We think about experience in terms of ‘domains’.#•Every ‘domain of experience’ has a corresponding ‘domain of meaning’.#• Domains of experience and their underlying domains of meaning are shared through symbolic systems. Examples of symbolic systems include: languages (textural invariants), music, mathematics, body language and architecture.#•Another term for a domain of experience is a ‘cognitive ecology’#•As researchers we need to be very respectful of the balance in a cognitive ecology. We strive to avoid polluting it.#
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•From: Evan Thompson, 2016, Zen Brain: Complexity and Connectivity: Connectivity, Complexity, and 4-E Cognition (Part 2a), https://www.upaya.org/2016/03/zen-brain-thompson-complexity-connectivity-4e-cognition-part-2a-n/
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•From: Evan Thompson, 2016, Zen Brain: Complexity and Connectivity: Connectivity, Complexity, and 4-E Cognition (Part 2a), https://www.upaya.org/2016/03/zen-brain-thompson-complexity-connectivity-4e-cognition-part-2a-n/
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We Interview to Discover:!
• the atomic structure of an experience,#• the phenomenal and textural invariants of experience,#•the domains (or ecologies) of experience and their corresponding domains (or ecologies) of meaning,#• the underlying structure of a domain of experience,#• the dynamics of the ‘cognitive ecology’ and#• the relationships between domains of experience and/or cognitive ecologies.#• We aim NOT to change or pollute the cognitive ecology.#• We do NOT use interventions or create transformation!
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•From: Evan Thompson, 2016, Zen Brain: Complexity and Connectivity: Connectivity, Complexity, and 4-E Cognition (Part 2a), https://www.upaya.org/2016/03/zen-brain-thompson-complexity-connectivity-4e-cognition-part-2a-n/
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•From: Evan Thompson, 2016, Zen Brain: Complexity and Connectivity: Connectivity, Complexity, and 4-E Cognition (Part 2a), https://www.upaya.org/2016/03/zen-brain-thompson-complexity-connectivity-4e-cognition-part-2a-n/
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•From: Evan Thompson, 2016, Zen Brain: Complexity and Connectivity: Connectivity, Complexity, and 4-E Cognition (Part 2a), https://www.upaya.org/2016/03/zen-brain-thompson-complexity-connectivity-4e-cognition-part-2a-n/
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•From: Evan Thompson, 2016, Zen Brain: Complexity and Connectivity: Connectivity, Complexity, and 4-E Cognition (Part 2a), https://www.upaya.org/2016/03/zen-brain-thompson-complexity-connectivity-4e-cognition-part-2a-n/
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•From: Evan Thompson, 2016, Zen Brain: Complexity and Connectivity: Connectivity, Complexity, and 4-E Cognition (Part 2a), https://www.upaya.org/2016/03/zen-brain-thompson-complexity-connectivity-4e-cognition-part-2a-n/
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How We Determine the Domain’s limits:
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• acknowledge the underlying structure#• determine which relationships or connections convey the most meaning within that structure#• delineate the edges of the domain by breaking the least number of relationships possible #• preserve all or as many of the significant relationship as possible and as much of the dynamics of the domain#• preserve as much meaning as possible#• typically this is where the relationships are less dense
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Set the Scene!
• Be relaxed and natural#• Use their name#• Promote trust#• Take notes#• Conduct the research in an environment that is familiar to the research participants. A lab is an unfamiliar cognitive ecology.#• Take your time, don’t rush#• Be connectable and friendly (tikanga or custom, wairuatanga, spirituality, whanaungatanga, friendship, kotahitanga, together)#• Use open body language
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Question Types:!
• What … ? #• How … ?#• Where … ?#• When … ?#• Who … ?#• Use Why … ? very carefully!
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Techniques:!
• ALWAYS use their words and show empathy#•LISTEN and stay CONNECTED#• Paraphrase and summarise#• Deepen and clarify, drill down#• Attend to and mirror their body language appropriately#• Affirm (aha, mhm, yes)#• Use contradiction very carefully and to achieve clarity. #• Use self disclosure very carefully!
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Useful Phrases:!
• Tell me more about … #• What was the … like?#• Any other … ? #• Anything else about … ?#• Can you describe …?#• Coming back to … can you …#• I’m wondering what … was like?#• You mentioned …, you were saying …#• Last time you talked about …
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Exercises:!
• Exercise 1: spot the questions, phrases and techniques#• Groups of three: go through the transcript and label what you can identify. Make notes so you can share this experience with the class.#• Exercise 2: Triad work #• Groups of three: Decide who will be the interviewer, the interviewee and the observer. Conduct a research interview about how your interviewee gets to campus from home. Make notes so you can share this experience with the class.
