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Quality Assurance &Accreditation
Faculty of Medicine Cairo University
Efforts, Achievements & Challenges
Lamis Ragab, MD
Vice Dean for Postgraduate Studies & Research
• The improved health of all people is the main goal of medical education
• There is a global and national call for quality improvements and assurance in medical education
• There are global changes in health care practice
* Clearer professional
recommendations
* Increased consumerism
* Increasing student numbers
* Specialization of clinical clerkships
• WFME in its 1998 position paper launched the program on International Standards in Medical Education
• A mechanism for quality improvement in medical education, in a global context, to be applied by institutions responsible for medical education, and in programs throughout the continuum of medical education
• The Faculty of Medicine Cairo University started the activities of Quality Assurance in 2003
• The self- study was conducted in 2003
• Limited to the undergraduate program (using the basic standards of WFME as a Benchmark)
• A corrective action plan was suggested to overcome the weaknesses and enhance the strengths
• Final report endorsed to the faculty and university councils
• Dissemination to the Faculty staff members, students and some stakeholders
• December 2004: external evaluators from the WFME invited for a 3-days site visit
• The Self –Study helped the faculty in designing the vision towards accreditation
• Also, the mission and the strategic objectives of the faculty were reviewed and endorsed to the faculty council for the first time.
• Establishment of the Internal Quality Assurance System: under the guidance of the National Committee for Quality Assurance and Accreditation (the National Committee)
ProjectsProject # 1
Development of a Strategic Plan for Quality Assurance
Project # 2
Establishment of sustainable QAA Centers in the Egyptian Universities
Project # 3
Establishment of an Internal Quality Assurance System in the faculties
Project # 4
Development of Academic Reference Standards
• Project started in September 2005
• Establishment of project's managerial and implementation committees
• The quality unit at the faculty had a place and a structural organization
• Program and courses’ specifications of the undergraduate program according to the templates provided by the (NQAAC)
• Awareness and orientation seminars to the
academic staff, non academic staff, and students to introduce the quality system to the faculty's community
• Gradual cultural change especially of the academic staff who actively participated in compiling the documents of the project
• Course reports were completed by the staff members in each academic department at the end of the academic year
• The project team completed the program report and produced the first Faculty Annual Self-Evaluation Report (2004/2005) following the evaluative framework designed NQAAC
( including 5 major areas: academic standards, quality of learning opportunities, research and other scholarly activity, community involvement, and effectiveness of quality management and enhancement)
• Developmental Engagement (DE) site visit in October, 2005. Documents reviewed before the site visit : program specifications, course specifications, course reports, program report and Faculty Annual Self –Evaluation Report
• Meetings: faculty staff members, vice deans, under-& postgraduate students and some stakeholders
• Revision of students' work and assignments• Oral feedback about the points of strengths and that need further
improvement
• A comprehensive report of the developmental engagement site visit 2 months later
• An action plan to enhance the strengths and improve the areas of weakness to prepare the faculty for accreditation was required
Faculty of Medicine Cairo University
• Project #3 in cycle one (2004)
• Site visit in Oct. 2005
• Action plan in Feb. 2007
• A lag period for few months (transition of leadership)
• Quality unit reconstituted in March, 2007
• The faculty submitted the course reports, program report, the second Faculty Annual Report (2005/2006) and an action plan for accreditation to the NQAAC
• ■ Follow up visit in April 2007 for one day to monitor and support the faculty in the developmental engagement stage
• Oral feedback was given at the end of the day about the achievement of the quality at the faculty in the last year
• Report of the team's evaluation and their expectation about the readiness of the faculty for submission for accreditation
The Evaluation Framework
• Academic Standards Intended learning outcomes Curriculum Student assessment Student achievement
• Quality of Learning opportunities Teaching and learning Student support Learning resources
• Research and other scholarly activity• Community Involvement• Effectiveness of Quality Management and Enhancement
Governance and leadership Quality assurance system Self-evaluation, plans and impact
• External reference standards (Benchmark) approved by the Faculty Council in April 2007: the General Medical Council standards (UK)
• The Medical Sector Committee approved
the National Academic Reference Standards for the Medical Faculties in Egypt
New Higher Curriculum Committee
Revision of curricula of: community medicine with integration between Pediatrics & OB-GYN
Ongoing revision of curricula of Ophthalmology, Bio, OB-GYN according to the mission
المناهج لجنةE-mailاالسمالتخصصالتليفون
الفقي ناديةرجب لميسحامد زينببدراوي نادية
الحوشي زهيرالطوبجي شريف
[email protected] شوقى مايسه
[email protected] 0122116539 غفير وائل
[email protected] الطوخى عصام
[email protected] مرعى الفتاح عبد
[email protected] الحميد عبد مصطفى
[email protected] حيدره محمد
• Establishment of an Assessment Committee and development of a code of practice for student assessment (6/2/2007)
التقييم لجنةE-mailاالسمالتخصصالتليفون
رجب لميسالفقي ناديةبدراوي نادية
[email protected] العطار سهير
[email protected] محمدى ابراهيمابراهيم
عبد مصطفيالحميد
[email protected] بدراوى نادية
الفقى ناديه
شيبه عصمت
[email protected] حامد زينب
دوراه سلمى
التقييم قواعد
Code of Practicein the Area of Student Assessment
Approved by the Faculty Council in May 2007
• Some departments modified both written and clinical examination to be more objective
• Pediatric department arranged OSCE at the end of the year that was appreciated by the students and faculty staff
• Program specifications for some postgraduate degrees:
Pediatrics, Biochemistry, Dermatology, Andrology, Pathology, Internal Medicine
Workshop
on Program & Course Specifications
(Postgraduate Programs)
5/3/2007
العليا الدراسات برامج توصيف الجتماع الحاضرين وبيانات اسماء2007مارس 5يوم
E-mailماالسمالقسممحمول
[email protected] الروماتيزموالتأهيل
قطب احمد حنانالله عبد
1
[email protected] الروماتيزموالتأهيل
حسن زكى 2ساميه
[email protected] الروماتيزموالتأهيل
رزق حسن 3آمال
Yasser 47hotmail.com0127463665 الروماتيزموالتأهيل
حسن محمد ساميهفضه
4
[email protected] الجلديه الحديدى األمراض حلمى 5هبه
[email protected] الجلديه زايد األمراض أمين 6أميرة
Shahiraaramadan@hor mail.com0122199555 الجلدية الرحمن األمراض عبد شهيرةرمضان
7
[email protected] الباثولوجيااالكلينكيةوالكيميائية
محمود محمد منالمخلوف
8
[email protected] الباثولوجيااالكلينكيةوالكيميائية
سامى محمد عفافالسقا
9
[email protected] الباثولوجيااالكلينكيةوالكيميائية
الدين كمال 10سحر
[email protected] الباثولوجيااالكلينكيةوالكيميائية
عبد السيد نجوىالطويل الله
11
[email protected] الباثولوجيااالكلينكيةوالكيميائية
فراويله محمد 12هاله
الدراسات برامج توصيف الجتماع الحاضرين وبيانات اسماء تابعيوم 2007مارس 5العليا
E-mailماالسمالقسممحمول
[email protected] وجراحة طبالذكورة أمراض
والتناسل
محمد ابراهيمفهمى
13
Taymour [email protected] وجراحة طبالذكورة أمراض
والتناسل
مصطفى تيمورابراهيم
14
Ho-rash @yahoo.com0101010824 الجلدية حسين األمراض محمد هدىرشيد
15
manalbosseila@ yahoo.com0102412964 الجلدية الواحد األمراض عبد منالبصيلة
16
ratabderm@ yahoo.com0123112436 الجلدية الحكيم األمراض عبد عمروراتب
17
Moshera_rateb@yahoo. com0106224104الحكيم فسيولوجيا عبد مشيرةراتب
18
[email protected] الجلدية حسين األمراض محمدالكومى مدحت
19
gadallaamr@hot mail,com0101001014 وجراحة طبالذكورة أمراض
والتناسل
جاد محمد عمروالله
20
Nashwa eltaalawy @hot. Mail com
سعيد فسيولوجى0124107148 محمد نشوىالصاوى
21
[email protected]على هستولوجى سميحهمرتضى
22
Sohair [email protected]فوزى هستولوجى احمد سهيرتوفيق
23
[email protected] الجلديه عبد األمراض شهيرةرمضان الرحمن
24
Ibrahim [email protected]محمدى فسيولوجيا ابراهيمابراهيم
25
• External Evaluators for two postgraduate programs (Master Degree of Pediatrics and MD of Neurosurgery)
• In general terms, the Egyptian MD candidates were fairly well prepared and had an adequate fund of knowledge. Most demonstrated an adequate knowledge of the field and appropriately managed the clinical cases presented to them.
• Another significant difference between the US ABNS and Egyptian MD examinations is with regards to the area of test objectivity.
• Another major difference in the US and Egypt systems are that the US examinees are expected to pass the oral boards on the first try. From my understanding, approximately 80% of the candidates do so. A lower pass rate suggests that the examinees were poorly trained or that there were potential testing irregularities that precluded the examinees from obtaining a higher pass rate. Also, the examinees are allowed to sit for the oral boards three times. If they are not successful by the third try, they must re-take their written examinations before being allowed to re-take the oral boards.
Having participated and observed MD examination process, I would make the following major suggestions:
• There should be a single Egyptian board examination comprised of a highly objective written examination.
• The oral board examiners should be selected from a pool of MD’s (that do not necessarily need to be University Professors) and this pool should be rotated yearly so as to increase the objectivity of the examiners.
• Prior to sitting for the oral boards, the potential examinees should have:
• a) passed their written exams• b) submitted practice data which should be reviewed for
safety and consistency.
• They are allowed to go for a maximum of three times for their oral exams; at which time if they fail all three times they should repeat the written exams again.
• A 70-80% pass rate should be expected in board exams.• Residency programs should provide teaching and clinical
scenarios that simulate the oral board (MD) testing experience so that the examinees have a rational framework for thought processes.
• The oral board (MD) testing experience should be made as objective as possible through the incorporation of known/expected clinical scenarios and patient encounters. There should be specific objective measures (fund of knowledge, management skills, interpretation of diagnostic tests, etc) rated during the exam independently by each examiner followed by a conference after the first testing sessions.
2) Quality of Learning Opportunities:
• ○LecturesStudents divided into 5 groups(300/group)
Audiovisual facilities in 11 lecture halls (capacity 300-1000 students)
• ○ Early clinical exposure in some departments (physiology and pathology)
• ○ Student handbooks (under-&postgrad)
• ○ Student support office (Academic year 2006-2007)
• Academic support & counseling committee
(approved by Faculty Council 10/2007)
• ○ Learning resource centre: training on models and facility for e-learning
• 3) Effective Quality Management and Enhancement :• ○ Functioning reporting system; reports of the academic
year 2005/2006 were completed • ○ Revision of the mission, approved by the Faculty
Council in September 2007• ○ Establishment of an internal audit committee for the
educational program• ○ Regular meeting between the members of the quality
assurance unit and the dean and the three vice deans• ○ Realistic action plan covering all areas in the
educational program, with a justified budget
• 4) Research and Other Scholarly Activities:
• ○ A strategy and plan for research activities based on the research strategy of the University
• ○ New postgraduate bylaws adopting the credit hour system (ECTS)
• What is ECTS? • The European Credit Transfer and
Accumulation System is a student-centred system based on the student workload required to achieve the objectives of a programme, objectives preferably specified in terms of the learning outcomes and competences to be acquired.
و التدريبى البرنامج بين العالقةاألكاديمية الشهادات
Academic Degree
Professional Degree
المدة
First PartBasic training 1.5 سنة
Second PartSpecialized training
سنة1.5
MDAdvanced training
سنتين
• Data base for the international publications and projects
بالدوريات المنشورة األبحاثالعالمية
بالدوريات المنشورة األبحاثالعالمية
السنة
مارس فبراير لجنة لجنة
59542000
63532001
47392002
40312003
4835204
42332005
55462006
19152007
المجموع373306
بالخارج المنشورة األبحاثبالخارج المنشورة السنةاألبحاث
ابريل لجنة لجنةمارس
لجنة فبراير
6659542000
8263532001
5447392002
4640312003
5548352004
5142332005
5955462006
1919152007
المجموع432373306
العالمية بالدوريات المنشورة األبحاثاألبحاث مالقسمعدد
مارس فبراير لجنة لجنة
1التشريح00
2الهستولوجى00
الطبيه 1717 الحيوية 3الكيمياء
4الطفليات00
5الباثولوجيا00
والمناعه 00 الطبية 6الميكروبيولوجيا
7الفارماكزلوجيا00
8الفسيولوجيا44
الباطنه 88 9األمراض
الصدرية 00 10األمكراض
الجلديه 44 11األمراض
الذكورة 8181 أمراض وجراحة طبوالتناسل
12
العصبيه 22 13األمراض
النفسية 00 14األمراض
القلب 66 15أمراض
األطفال 4747 16طب
المهنية 00 واألمراض الصناعات 17طب
الشرعى 00 18الطب
العالمية بالدوريات المنشورة األبحاثاألبحاث مالقسمعدد
مارس فبراير لجنة لجنة
العامه 00 19الصحه
المتوطنه 2828 األمراض 20طب
الحرجه 93 21الحاالت
والكيميائية 77 االكلينكية 22الباثولوجيا
العامه 1816 23الجراحة
العين 33 وجراحة 24طب
والحنجرة 222 واألذن 25األنف
البولية 00 المسالك 26جراحة
العظام 11 27جراحة
النساء 8063 وأمراض 28التوليد
29التخدير 87
التشخيصية 43 30األشعة
النووى 00 والطب األورام 31عالج
والصدر 00 القلب 32جراحة
واألعضاب 22 المخ 33جراحة
والتأهيل 232 34الروماتيزم
العائلة 00 35طب
المجموع373306
بالخارج المنشورة األبحاث
األبحاث السنةعدد712000
862001
622002
502003
612004
672005
792006
242007
المجموع500
• 5) Community Involvement:
Wide community contribution
قطاع خدمة المجتمع وتنمية البيئة
كلية الطب
كلية طب قصر العينى
الوحدات ذات الطابع الخاص
وحدة 42
الخاص الطابع ذات الوحدات نماذجكلية الطب
الحرجة الحاالت رعاية مركز
الخاص الطابع ذات الوحدات نماذجكلية الطب
الحرجة الحاالت رعاية مركز
الخاص الطابع ذات الوحدات نماذج
كلية الطب
الطبى التعليم تطوير مركز
الخاص الطابع ذات الوحدات نماذج
كلية الطب
والميتابوليزم الصماء والغدد السكر وحدة
الخاص الطابع ذات الوحدات نماذج
كلية الطب
الدموية لألوعية العيني قصر معمل وحدة
الخاص الطابع ذات الوحدات نماذج
كلية الطب
الدموية لألوعية العيني قصر معمل وحدة
بالكلية البيئة وتنمية المجتمع خدمة صندوق دعم فىالمستشفيات : وحصة
خدمة * صندوق بدعم الوحدات قامتحوالى ( بمبلغ البيئة وتنمية المجتمع
جنية )425000
حصة * بدعم الوحدات قامتحوالى ( بمبلغ 920000المستشفيات
جنية )
الخاص الطابع ذات الوحدات مساهمة
كلية الطب
Web-Site
• www.med.cu.edu.eg
• E-mail service to staff members
• Training programs
• Departments’ websites
• Title of Department displayed as • Cairo University • Kasr Al Aini Faculty of Medicine• Department of (BOLD CHARACTERS)• Web page contnet:• Short history and introduction to the department • Mission Statement• Information on the following topics (LINKS)
– Education : undergraduate, postgraduate and residency/fellowship programs also • Schedule of academic / scientific activities, e.g. lectures, staff rounds, workshops, conferences…
– Research : research interests of the department / collaborative research activity if applicable– Clinical services / Patient care : Unit components (Inpatient, outpatient sections and special facilities as
ICU, Endoscopy, Pulmonary lab, cardiac catheter. lab, operating theatre …etc), OP Clinic schedule and how to refer a patient
• Chairman and Faculty members and physicians in the department:–Names / Titles / and areas of special interest.
• Sub-specialties if applicable• Contact information (telephone, fax, address, email…)• Societies and affiliations - added as LINKS to the department website• Photos of faculty and staff / section and clinic / as available• Any additional information that you would like to include about your service• Support the Department or Make a Donation: guide to the public.
E-Library
• Project funded by HEEPF
• Linked to 7 faculties of Medicine
االليكترونية المكتبةبيانات • قاعدة على UpToDateتوفير
قواعد تشمل االليكترونية المكتبة موقعفى اإلكلينيكية للممارسة البياناتبكافة : الباطنة ـ اآلتية التخصصات
ـ األطفال ـ المعدية األمراض ـ فروعهاـ األسرة طب ـ النساء وأمراض التوليد
. الطوارئ طب
International Relations
• 108 Malaysian undergraduate students
• Joint postgraduate degrees (Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Ethics)
• Action plan for accreditation was designed and approved by the faculty council for implementation during this academic year
Problems
• Big number of students
• Admission policy
• Finance
• Policy making
• State regulated education
Problems (Cont.)
• Staff resistance
• Communication
• Daily problems overwhelming the essential problems
• Part-timers
• Transition of power
• Administrative skills
What do we need for accreditation?
• Review of the undergraduate programme
• Development of all postgraduate programmes
• Development of the research area
• Private tutoring
• Achievement of the action plan in the due time