Date post: | 10-Jan-2017 |
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Quality in Construction Works
An Introduction to QA/QC Concept and Quality Management System Based on ISO 9001:2008
Typical Slogan
“Open Challenge Quick Response”
The BIG QUESTION is: How do we meet the challenge and
achieve the benefits?
ISO 9001
1. CUSTOMER FOCUS
2. LEADERSHIP
8 MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES
3. INVOLVEMENT OF PEOPLE
4. PROCESS APPROACH
5. SYSTEM APPROACH
6. CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
7. FACTUAL APPROACH
8. MUTUAL BENEFICIAL SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIPS
6
LEVEL 1 - QUALITY MANUAL
1. Quality Policy
2. Quality Objectives
3. Requirement Standard
4. Other Statutory and Regulatory Requirements
LEVEL 2 - QUALITY PROCEDURES
1. Control of Documents
2. Control of Records
3. Internal Quality Audits
4. Control of Non-conforming Products
5. Corrective Action
6. Preventive Action
7
8
LEVEL 3 - QUALITY PLAN
1. Incoming Inspection Plan
2. In-Process Inspection Plan
3. Final Test Report/ Inspection Plan
4. Work Instruction
9
LEVEL 4 - FORMS / FORMATS/RECORDS
1. Testing Report forms
2. Commissioning Report Forms
3. Inspection forms
4. Check Sheets/Check List
5. Miscellaneous Documentation Forms
1. Management Review
2. Competence, Training and Awareness
3. Planning and Production
4. Review of Requirement Related to Product
5. Design and Development Input
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23 MANDATORY RECORDS
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23 MANDATORY RECORDS
6. Design and Development Output
7. Design and Development Review
8. Design and Development Verification
9. Design and Development Validation
10. Control of Design and Development Changes
12
23 MANDATORY RECORDS
11. Purchasing Process
12. Availability of Monitoring and Measuring Equipment
13. Preservation of Product
14. Customer Property
15. Control of Monitoring and Measuring Equipment
16. Standards used for Calibrating Monitoring and Measuring Equipment
13
23 MANDATORY RECORDS
17. Identify and Enable Calibration
18. Result of Calibration and Verification
19. Internal Audit
20. Monitoring and Measurement of Product
21. Control of Non-conforming Product
22. Corrective Action
23. Preventive Action
QA/QC Concepts
• Quality Assurance Quality Assurance (or QA) covers all activities from design, development, production, installation, servicing and documentation.
QA/QC Concepts
• Quality Control Quality control refers to the process,
– most often implemented in manufacturing,
– monitoring the quality of finished products through statistical measures and
– an overall corporate commitment to producing defect-free products.
QA/QC Concepts
• Organizational Level.
At the organizational level, QA activities ensure that the program or organization is successful by overseeing the system implementation necessary for individual projects in the program, and making sure activities have the resources they need to be successful.
• Project Level (Design, Estimate and Initiation)
At the project level, QA activities support the success of an individual project by ensuring that accurate information is channeled to the right people at the right time so that decisions can be made during project implementation.
QA/QC Concepts
QA/QC Concepts
• Technical Level. At the technical level, QA activities ensure that the individual technical activities that generate, process, or synthesize data (or other information) for the decision process are performing within accepted limits.
Roles of QA/QC Department
1. Verify that requirements are followed,
2. Verify that controlling and checking an activity have been done,
3. Ensure that approved working methods are established,
4. Evaluate the reported principal causes of non-conformances;
5. Evaluate the effectiveness of corrective action, and
6. Determine where improvements are required
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Quality Control
Role of Quality Controller includes:
1. monitoring,
2. Inspection,
3. reduction of variation,
4. elimination of known causes, and
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Quality Assurance Quality Control
A systematic set of activities to provide confidence that requirements are established
The process by which quality is compared with applicable standards;
An activity that establishes and evaluates the processes
An activity which verifies if the product meets pre-defined standards.
Helps establish processes. Implements the process.
Difference in responsibilities
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Quality Assurance Quality Control
Sets up measurements programs to evaluate processes.
Verifies if specific attribute(s) are in a specific product or service specific product or service
Identifies weaknesses in processes and improves them.
Identifies defects for the primary purpose of correcting the defects.
Prevents the introduction of issues or defects
Detects, reports and corrects defects
Difference in responsibilities
24
Difference in responsibilities
Quality Assurance Quality Control Evaluates whether quality control is working for the purpose of determining weakness in the process.
Evaluates if the application is working for the purpose of determining defect in the functionalities.
Improves the process that is applied to multiple products.
Improves the development of a specific product or service.
QA personnel should not perform quality control unless doing it to validate quality control is working.
QC personnel may perform quality assurance tasks if and when required.
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The Organization
President
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QA/QC Manager
QA/QC Officer
Engineering Manager
Project Manager
Quality Controllers
(Project Engineers)
Auditors
Vice President
FUNCTIONS
President
Vice President
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QA/QC Officer Project Manager
Quality Controllers
(Project Engineers)
Auditors
Quality Activities Function
Construction Work Function
CONSTRUCTION WORK FUNCTIONS
President
28
Project Manager QA/QC Site
Vice President
Subcontractors
CAD
Project Engineers
(Site Supervision)
QUALITY WORK FUNCTIONS
President
29
QA/QC Site Manager
Project Engineers
(Quality Control)
Project Site Manager
Vice President
Subcontractors
CAD
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Quality Management Objectives
zero defect (no defects on project hand-over)
identify and solve problems before customer does
establish true quality control by making quality “built in” and not “inspected in”.
Why do we do this?
• For better efficiency,
• Fewer rejects,
• Reduce if not eliminate customer complaints,
• Improve customer relation
• Improve supplier relation.
• And to answer our slogan: – Open Challenge Quick Response
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CUSTOMER COMPLAINTS
Piping work related problem
28%
Ducting work related Problem
20% Equipment /Materials Related Problem
23%
Problem 4
15%
Problem 5
8%
Problem 6
4%
Problem 7
1.4%
Problem 8
0.6%
(Est. Repair Cost: Ph P 1.7M in Laguna Area)
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Cost of Quality
KEY: ADDED COSTS
Lost Revenue Dumping Costs Future Costs (Reclaim/ Environment)
Transport
Unload Container, Bags, Trucks etc Testing
Paperwork/Database
Future repercussions Root Cause Investigation Repairs B & C
Non-Conforming QA HOLD SCRAP B & C B & C
C REPAIR
C Quality Check
C Conforming
C Install
C C To Customer Conforming
A Non-Conforming
A QA HOLD
A STORAGE
A SCRAP
A Order Placed
A Order Made
A Delivery
B Replacement
Order
B Order Made
B Delivery
B Conforming
B Install
B B To Customer Field Testing
B Conforming
NORMAL COSTS
ADDED COSTS
Lost Revenue Dumping Costs Future Costs (Reclaim/Environment)