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Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Quarterly Labour Force Survey Q2:2017
Dr Pali LehohlaStatistician-General
#StatsSA
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
South African Labour Market: Current state vs NDP target
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Unemployment The unemployment rate has been around the 25% level since 2010
South African Labour Market: Current state vs NDP target
NDP Targetunemployment
in 2030 6%
27,7%current unemployment rate
14%NDP Targetunemployment in 2020
Gap in reaching 2030 NDP target:
21,7 percentage points
Gap in reaching 2020 NDP target:
13,7 percentage points
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Employment Labour Force Participation Rate
16,1 millionin Q2:2017
24 million2030
NDP target
59,9%in Q2:2017
65% 2030
NDP target
Gap in reaching 2030 NDP target:
7,9 million
Absorption Rate
43,3%in Q2:2017
61%2030
NDP target
Gap in reaching 2030 NDP target:
17,7 percentage points
Gap in reaching 2030 NDP target:
5,1 percentage points
South African Labour Market: Current state vs NDP target
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Labour marketQ2:2017
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
22,3 million(down by 150 000 q-q)
Labour force
16,1 million(down by 113 000 q-q)
Employed
6,2 million(down by 37 000 q-q)
Unemployed
14,9 million(up by 306 000 q-q)
Not economically active*
*Of which 2,4 million were discouraged work
seekers( up by 83 000 q-q)
37,2 million(up by 157 000 q-q)
people of working age in South Africa
(15 – 64 year olds)
ILO hierarchy – Employed first then unemployed and the remainder is NEA (including discouraged job-seekers).
3 mutually exclusive groups. Cannot be in two groups at the same time
NDP target 2030 Employment:
24 million
The labour market Q2:2017
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Employment&
Labour market rates
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Absorption rate
• Indicates the proportion of the working-agepopulation (15-64 years) which is currentlyemployed
It is calculated by dividing the number of people employed by the total number of people of
working age (15-64 years).
Example: • For example, of the 37,2 million people of
working age, • 16,1 million were employed in SA, then
employment-to-population ratio is 43,3%
Labour force participation rate
• Represents the share of working-agepopulation that is actively engaged in thelabour market by either being employed oravailable to work, i.e. labour supply
• It is calculated by dividing the number ofpeople in the labour force (employed+unemployed) by the total number ofpeople of working age (15-64 years).
Example• Of the 37,2 million people of working age,
• 22,3 million people were in the labour force in SA,
• The labour force participation rate is 59,9%
Absorption rate and LFPR explained
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Total employment changes vs GDP growth rates
-6,0
-4,0
-2,0
0,0
2,0
4,0
6,0
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Yr-y
r GD
P %
gro
wth
rate
s
Yr-o
n-yr
em
ploy
men
t cha
nges
('00
0)
Yr-on-yr Employment changes Yr-on-yr GDP % changes (RHS)
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Labour market dashboardNumber of
employed people decreased from 16,2 million in
Q1:2017 to 16,1 million in
Q2:2017
Labour force participation rate of 59,9% recorded in Q2:2017 after the highest LFPR of
60,5% in Q1:2017.
14,4m16,1m
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Milli
onNumber of employed
45,8%43,3%
35,0
40,0
45,0
50,0
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Absorption rate
59,6% 59,9%
50,0
55,0
60,0
65,0
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Labour force participation rate
NDP target 2030: 24 million
NDP target 2030:61%
NDP target 2030:65%
Absorption rate was 43,3% in
Q2:2017 and has not recovered to level of 45,8% in
2008
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Labour market rates by sex
There are large disparities in the labour market by sex – the unemployment rate for womenis higher than that of males. Women are also less likely to participate in the labour market
29,8%
26,0%
27,7%
29,8%
26,0%
27,7%
Women
Men
Both sexes
Unemployment Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
37,6%
49,1%
43,3%
38,3%
49,3%
43,7%
Women
Men
Both sexes
Absorption Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
53,6%
66,3%
59,9%
54,6%
66,6%
60,5%
Women
Men
Both sexes
Participation Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Labour market rates by education level
17,0%
7,4%
27,9%
33,1%
27,7%
17,8%
7,3%
27,5%
33,1%
27,7%
Other tertiary
Graduates
Matric
Less than matric
Total
Unemployment Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
71,1%
82,4%
50,3%
33,2%
43,3%
70,4%
84,0%
50,2%
34,0%
43,7%
Other tertiary
Graduates
Matric
Less than matric
Total
Absorption Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
85,7%
89,0%
69,8%
49,6%
59,9%
85,7%
90,6%
69,3%
50,8%
60,5%
Other tertiary
Graduates
Matric
Less than matric
Total
Participation Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
The less educated one is the more likely it is for one to be unemployed
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Labour market rates by age groupYoung people aged 15-24 remain vulnerable in the labour market with
unemployment rate of almost 56% and absorption rate of 12%
11,9%
50,2%
63,5%
62,6%
40,6%
43,3%
12,7%
51,0%
63,5%
62,6%
41,3%
43,7%
15-24 yrs
25-34 yrs
35-44 yrs
45-54 yrs
55-64 yrs
15-64 yrs
Absorption Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
26,9%
74,7%
81,7%
74,0%
44,7%
59,9%
27,9%
75,6%
81,3%
74,9%
46,2%
60,5%
15-24 yrs
25-34 yrs
35-44 yrs
45-54 yrs
55-64 yrs
15-64 yrs
Participation Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
55,9%
32,8%
22,3%
15,4%
9,2%
27,7%
54,3%
32,5%
22,0%
16,5%
10,5%
27,7%
15-24 yrs
25-34 yrs
35-44 yrs
45-54 yrs
55-64 yrs
15-64 yrs
Unemployment Rate
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Unemployment rate by education level and age groupThe unemployment rate among the youth is higher in all educational levels compared to that of adults.
26,8%
44,5%
56,0%
59,2%
55,9%
27,2%
45,1%
53,7%
57,9%
54,3%
Graduates
Other tertiary
Matric
Less than matric
Total
Youth (15-24 years)
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
10,2%
24,8%
29,7%
40,4%
32,8%
8,3%
26,3%
30,2%
39,2%
32,5%
Graduates
Other tertiary
Matric
Less than matric
Total
Youth (25-34 years)
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
4,8%
8,6%
16,5%
23,7%
18,3%
5,4%
8,8%
16,0%
24,3%
18,5%
Graduates
Other tertiary
Matric
Less than matric
Total
Adults (34 -64 years)
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Profile of those Not in Employment, Education and Training
(NEET)
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Youth NEET rate is calculated as the total number of
youth who are NEET as a proportion of the total youth-
specific working-age population.
Not in Employment, Education and Training
NEET
Those young people (15-24 years) who are categorised
as NEET are considered to be disengaged from both
work and education.
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
NEET (15-24 years) by sex
Of the 10,3 million young people aged
15-24,3,3 million were
NEET.
Q2:2017 NEET rate increased by 1,0 of a
percentage point.
The NEET rate for females and males
increased by 0,7 and 1,2 percentage
points respectively. 30,0%
34,4%
32,2%
28,8%
33,7%
31,2%
Male
Female
Both sexes
Q2:2016 Q2:2017
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Provincial NEET rateSouth Africa (15-24 years)
32,2%(+1,0)
NC40,0%(+4,4)
WC28,5%(-0,7)
EC35,6%(+3,3)
NW36,7%(-1,1)
MP33,9%(+1,3)
KZN35,3%(+5,2)
FS32,3%(+0,3)
LP24,8%(-4,3)
GP30,1%(-0,5)
Year-on-year changes
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Employment
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Employment Q2:2017
Jobs in Private households decreased by
8 000q/q
Informal sector jobs increased by
80 000q/q
to 2,8 million
A net decrease of
113 000 q/q
Formal sector jobsdecreased by
144 000q/q
to 11,2 million
16,1mPeople aged 15 – 64 years were
employed in Q2:2017
NDP target 2030 Employment 24 million
Jobs in the Agricultural sector decreased by
40 000q/q
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Employment and GDP share per industryShare of
GDP (Q1:2017)
23,0
15,1
22,2
13,5
3,9
9,4
2,5
8,2
2,30,9%
2,7%
5,2%
5,9%
8,1%
8,7%
11,2%
14,9%
20,3%
22,1%
0,9%
2,8%
5,4%
5,9%
8,1%
9,3%
11,0%
14,7%
19,8%
22,0%
Utilities
Mining
Agriculture
Transport
Private hholds
Construction
Manufacturing
Finance
Trade
Services
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
Services, Trade and Finance remain the main
contributors to employment and GDP
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Employment – changes by industry
Largest employment losses were recorded in Construction and Agriculture quarter-to-quarter.
Largest employment gains were recorded in Finance and Trade year-on-year
Mining was the only industry which shed jobs both qtr-to-qtr and year-on-year.
-110
-40
-13
-11
-9
-8
2
10
17
58
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100
CONSTRUCT ION
AGR ICULTURE
MIN ING
TRANSPORT
SERV I CES
PR IVATE HHOLDS
UT I L I T I E S
MANUFACTUR ING
F INANCE
TRADE
QUARTERONQUARTERCHANGE
-13
7
10
15
16
37
88
92
129
175
-100 0 100 200
MIN ING
CONSTRUCT ION
AGR ICULTURE
PR IVATE HHOLDS
SERV I CES
UT I L I T I E S
MANUFACTUR ING
TRANSPORT
TRADE
F INANCE
YEARONYEARCHANGE
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Breakdown of quarter-to-quarter employment changes for selected industries, Q2:2017- Losses
Construction (110 000)
Mainly driven by losses in: :• Building of complete constructions or parts
thereof; civil engineering• Building completion
Mining(13 000)
Mainly driven by by losses in: • Mining of metal ores
• Other mining and quarrying
Transport (11 000)
Mainly driven by losses in: Supporting and auxiliary transport activities;
activities of travel agenciesPostal and related courier activities
Agriculture (40 000)
Mainly driven by losses in: • Growing of crops
• Forestry and related services
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Breakdown of year-on-year employment changes for selected industries, Q2:2017 - Gains
Finance(175 000)
Mainly driven by an increase in:• Other business activities• Financial intermediation
+
Manufacturing(88 000)
Mainly driven by an increase in:• Manufacture of basic metals
• Manufacture of wood and product of wood and cock
+
Trade (129 000)
Mainly driven by an increase in:• Hotels and restaurants
• Retail trade
+
Transport(92 000)
Mainly driven by an increase in:• Other land transport
• Postal and related courier activities
• Telecommunication
+
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Construction employment vs Building statisticsConstruction employment declined by 110 000 qtr-to-qtr in Q2:2017. The value of building plans passed declined ahead of declining construction employment.
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Constructio
nem
ploymen
t(‘000
)
Valueofbuildingplansp
assedandbu
ildingscom
pleted
(R’billion)
Valueofbuildingplanspassed Valueofbuildingscompleted Constructionemployment(RHS)
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Year-on-year mining employment vs mining production
Year-on-year Mining employment declined for three successive quarters
-40,0
-30,0
-20,0
-10,0
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
y/y%changeinm
iningprod
uctio
n
y/ychangeinM
iningem
ployment('000)
y/yemploymentchange %changeinthevalueoftotalmining
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Year-on-year manufacturing employment vs manufacturing production
-25,0
-20,0
-15,0
-10,0
-5,0
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Y/Y%changeinm
anufacturin
gprod
uctio
n
Y/YEm
ploymentchanges(‘000)
y/yemploymentchange %changeinthevalueoftotalmanufacturing
After five successive year-on-year declines Manufacturing employment increased by 88 000 in Q2:2017 Mainly driven by an increase in:
• Manufacture of basic metals• Manufacture of wood and product of wood and cock
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Employment share by occupation, Q2:2008 and Q2:20177,
3%
5,8%
10,6
%
10,5
% 12,6
%
0,7%
14,4
%
8,6%
22,6
%
6,9%9,
1%
5,6%
9,1% 10
,8%
15,2
%
0,4%
12,2
%
8,0%
23,1
%
6,5%
Close to a third of all people employed in Q2:2008 and Q2:2017 were employed inelementary and domestic work occupations
Q2:2008
Q2:2017
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Number of employees by contract typeThe highest employment growth was among those with contract of permanent duration quarter
on quarter while employment decreased among those with contract of limited duration both quarter-to-quarter and year-on-year basis.
1 786
8 427
3 400
1 857
8 493
3 408
Limited duration
Permanent nature
Unspecified duration
Q1:2017 Q2:2017
1 786
8 427
3 400
1 775
8 168
3 281
Limited duration
Permanent nature
Unspecified duration
Q2:2016 Q2:2017
Quarter-to-quarter changes Year-on-year changes
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Informal sector employment
Informal sector employment declined by 14 000 to 2,7
million in Q1:2017
0,0
2,0
4,0
6,0
8,0
10,0
12,0
14,0
16,0
Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Million Informal sector employment
increased by 80 000 to 2,8 million in Q2:2017
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Formal sector employment
0,0
2,0
4,0
6,0
8,0
10,0
12,0
14,0
16,0Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
2
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Mill
ion
Formal sector employment decreased by 144 000 to 11,2 million quarter-to-quarter
9,9m11,2m
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Sources of formal sector employment:
Stats SA collects information about formal sector employment from:
Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS)and the
Quarterly Employment Statistics (QES)
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
QES QLFS
collects information from households
collects information from businesses
VS
The two surveys yield different employment estimates because of coverage, sample size, reference periods, concepts and definitions.
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Differences between QES and QLFS
Coverage
Payroll of VAT registered businesses in the formal sector (excl. agriculture)
Employees only
Private h/holds & worker’s hostels (excl. institutions)Total employment (+15 years) incl. informal sector,
private h/holds, agriculture & small bus.
QLFS QES
Sample Size
20 000 businesses30 000 dwellings
Payroll last day of quarter1 week before interviewReference
Period
Excluding Agriculture and personal householdsAll industries
SIC
Employees on payroll of VAT registered businesses (with annual turnover greater than R300 000)
Employers and own-account workers reg. for VAT or income tax.
Employees paying income tax & those not paying tax but in firms with 5 or more workers Definition
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
For comparison QLFS can be adjusted as follows
Exclude employers and own-account workers from formal sector
Exclude Agriculture
Exclude Private households
Employment differences between QES and QLFS
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
In some cases, even after these adjustments, it is still difficult to align the
• This is partly because the composition and structure of both businesses and households are changing constantly.
• QLFS cannot isolate individuals who work in VAT registered businesses with annual turnover more than R300 000.
QES employment estimates
QLFS&
Employment differences between QES and QLFS
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Comparison of QES and QLFS employment
Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q22013 2014 2015 2016 2017
QLFS 9 711 10 08 10 14 10 17 10 12 10 21 10 31 10 10 10 18 10 30 10 51 10 35 10 22 10 38 10 48 10 62 10 52QES 8 965 8 979 9 009 8 985 9 105 8 947 8 986 8 945 9 293 9 410 9 600 9 702 9 604 9 672 9 692 9 644
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
Thou
sand
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Unemployment
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Official unemployment rate Expanded unemployment rate
The official unemployment rate remained unchanged (q/q)
The expanded unemployment rate increasedby 0,2 of a percentage point (q/q)
6,2 millionpeople were unemployed in Q2:2017
A decrease of 37 000 q/q
9,3 millionpeople were unemployed in Q2:2017
An increase of 13 000 q/q
Expanded unemployment consist of persons 15-64 years who did not have a job and were available to take up a job or start a business in
the reference period (including discouraged work-seekers)
29,8% 26,0% 40,4% 33,3%
by 0,4 of a percentage point q/q
21,5% 27,7%
10,015,020,025,030,035,040,0
Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017%
28,7%36,6%
10,015,020,025,030,035,040,0
Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q1
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017%
remained unchanged (q/q)remained unchanged (q/q)
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Labour market dashboard
The number of unemployed people in
South Africa increased from 4,4
million in 2008 to 6,2 million in Q2:2017
The proportion of those in long-term
unemployment increased from 65,8% in Q1:2017 to 67,2%
in Q2:2017
4,4m
6,2m
0,01,02,03,04,05,06,07,0
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Milli
on
Number of unemployed
57,0% 67,2%
10,0
30,0
50,0
70,0
90,0
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Long term unemployment
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Provincial unemployment rateSouth Africa
27,7%(0,0)
NC30,5%(-0,2)
WC20,7%(-0,8)
EC34,4%(+2,2)
NW27,2%(+0,7)
MP32,3%(+0,8)
KZN24,0%(-1,8)
FS34,4%(-1,1)
LP20,8%(-0,8)
GP29,9%(+0,7)
Quarter-to-quarter changes
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
UnderstandingNon-economically active
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Homemaker (looking after
family)
18,0%(up by 0,8 pp
quarter-to-quarter)
Discouraged work-seeker
Too young or too old to work
9,2%
Sick or disabled
10,5%
Student 41,1% (down by 0,1 pp
quarter-to-quarter)
5 main reasons for
NEA
14,9 millionpeople aged 15 – 64 years
were neither employed nor unemployed.
An increase of 306 000 q/q
Non-economically active
15,8% (up by 0,2 pp
quarter-to-quarter)
(down by 0,6 pp quarter-to-
quarter)
(up by 0,1 pp quarter-to-
quarter)
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
Key findings: Q2:2017
QLFSQ2:2017
NumberofemploymentandunemploymentpersonsdecreasedinQ2:2017.
Thisresultedintheunemploymentrateremainingunchangedinthefirstquarterof2017at27,7%.Proportion of the working age population that is employed (absorption rate) declined by 0,4 of a percentage point to 43,3%.
The proportion of those in long-term unemployment increased from 65,8% in Q1:2017 to 67,2% in Q2:2017.
Young people aged 15-24 remain vulnerable in the labour market with an unemployment rate of almost 56% and absorption rate of 11,9%
Largest employment losses were recorded in Construction (110 000) and Agriculture (40 000). However, employment gains were observed in Trade (58 000), Finance (17 000), Manufacturing (10 000) and Utilities (2 000).
NEET rate of young people (15-24 years) increased by 1,0 percentage point to 32,2% in Q2:2017.
Source: QLFS, Q2:2017
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