278

QUESTION PAPER CODE 64/1/1

EXPECTED ANSWERS/VALUE POINTS

1. The term population distribution refers to the way people are spaced over the

earth's surface.

Page-8, TB -I 1

2. Human activities which generate income are known as economic activities.

Page-31, TB -I 1

3. Several places (nodes) joined together by a series of routes (links) to form pattern.

Page- 65, TB-I 1

4. The basic difference on the basis of occupation:

In towns most people are engaged in secondary and tertiary activities while in villages

most people are engaged in primary activities.

Page- 91, TB-I 1

5. The level of urbanisation in India is measured in terms of percentage of urban

population to total population.

Page- 36, TB-II 1

2. As per orders of the Hon'ble Supreme Court, the candidates would be permitted to

obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on payment of the prescribed fee. All

examiners/Head Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation

is carried out strictly as per value points per each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

3. All the Head Examiners! Examiners are instructed that while evaluating the answer scripts,

if the answer is found to be totally incorrect the (x) should be marked on the incorrect

answer and awarded '0'marks.

279

6. Sher Shah Suri built the Shahi (Royal) road to strengthen and consolidate his empire.

Page- 114, TB-II 1

7. Pollution is classified on the basis of medium through which pollutants are transported

and diffused.

Page- 135, TB-II 1

8. The subject matter of the study of human geography:

(i) To establish the relationship between the physical/natural and the Human

worlds.

(ii) To study the spatial distribution of human phenomena.

(iii) To study the social and economic differences between different parts of the

world.

(iv) To understand the earth as a home of human beings and to study all those

elements which have sustained them.

(v) Any other relevant point.

Any three facts to be explained.

Page- 1, TB-1 3×1 = 3

9. The factors responsible for the location of rural settlements in the world:

(i) Water supply

(ii) Land / fertile soil

(iii) Upland

{iv) Building material

(v) Defence

(vi) Planned settlements

(vii) Any other relevant point

Any three factors to be explained .

Page- 92,93, TB-I 3×1=3

280

10. Cities accommodating population size between one to five million are called

metropolitan cities and more than five million are mega cities. (1)

Examples:

(i) Metropolitan cities: Surat, Kanpur, Jaipur, Lucknow etc.

(½ + ½ = 1)

(ii) Mega cities: Greater Mumbai, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore,

Hyderabad, Ahmedabad and Pune

(Any two) (½ + ½ = 1)

As per 2011 census, any other declared metropolitan city also to be

considered.

Page- 36,38, TB-II 1+1+1=3

11. Land resource is more crucial to people whose livelihood is depending on

agriculture in India:

(i) Agriculture is land based activity.

(ii) Productivity is linked with quality of land.

(iii) Land ownership has a social value.

(iv) Standard of living of the agrarian society depends on the agricultural productivity.

(v) Any other relevant point.

Any three points to be argued .

Page- 43, TB-II 3×1=3

12. Conservation of water resource is necessary to ensure development:

(i) India has about 16 per cent of world's population, but only 4 per cent of

world's water resources.

OR

(i) India has a large size of population but has limited water resource.

281

(ii) The total utilisable water resource in India is very limited.

(iii) Population is increasing at a faster rate and the demand is also increasing day

by day.

(iv) Pollution is making water resource unusable.

Human values like responsibility; positiveness; awareness; contentment;

cooperation and active citizenship are needed for the conservation of

water resource.

Any three points to be explained in the light of values.

Since it is a value based question, students' views may be given due

consideration.

Page-60, TB-11 3×1=3

13. Air pollution is taken as addition of contaminants like dust, fumes, gas, fog, odour,

smoke or vapour to the air in substantial proportion and duration that may be

harmful. (1)

Harmful effects:

(i) To flora, fauna and property.

(ii) It causes various diseases related to respiratory, nervous and circulatory

systems.

(iii) It causes urban smog.

(iv) It can cause acid rain.

(v) Any other relevant point. (2×1 = 2)

Any two effects to be explained.

Page-137, TB-11 1+2 = 3

14. Human Development is the development that enlarges people's choices and

improves their lives. (1)

The four pillars of Human Development:

(i) Equity

282

(ii) Sustainability

(iii) Productivity

(iv) Empowerment

These four pillars to be explained. (4×1 = 4)

Page- 23,25 TB- I 1+4 = 5

15. Factors influencing the Industrial location:

(i) Access to market

(ii) Access to raw material

(iii) Access to labour supply

(iv) Access to sources of energy

(v) Access to transportation

(vi) Access to communication facilities

(vii) Government policy

(viii) Any other relevant point

Any five factors to be explained .

Page- 46,47 TB -I 5×1 = 5

16. Nomadic Herding is a primitive subsistence activity in which the herders rely on

animals for food, clothing, shelter, tools and transport. They move from one place to

another. (l)

Characteristics :

(i) They depend on the amount and quality of pastures.

(ii) Each nomadic community occupies a well defined territory .

(iii) A wide variety of animals is kept in different regions.

(iv) Their lives directly depend on their livestock.

283

(v) They move with their herds from one place to another place with change in

seasons. This is known as Transhumance.

(vi) Any other relevant point.

Any four characteristics to be explained. (4×1 = 4)

Page- 33, TB - 1 1+4 = 5

17. The longest Trans- Continental railway of the world: Trans-Siberian railway. (1)

Characteristics:

(i) It is more than 9000 km long.

(ii) It extends between St. Petersburg to Vladivostok.

(iii) It is double track.

(iv) The track is electrified.

(v) It is the most important route in Asia.

(vi) There are several connecting links to the south.

(vii) It connects Asian region to West European region.

(viii) Any other relevant point. (1+4=4)

Any four features to be described.

Page- 70, TB- I 1+4 = 5

18. Density of population is expressed as number of people per unit area I per

sq. km. (1)

Spatial Variation:

(i) Very low: Arunachal Pradesh 13/ 17 persons/sq. km.

(ii) Low: The hill states of Himalayan region and North eastern states excluding

Assam.

(iii) Moderate: Assam, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Odisha

284

(iv) High: West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu

(v) Very High: Delhi

Any four points to be described. (1×4 = 4)

Page- 3, TB -II 1+4 = 5

19. The area under pasture is decreasing in India due to the pressure from agricultural

land and illegal encroachment due to expansion of cultivation on common pasture

land. (2)

Changes in economy effect the change in land use:

(i) The size of economy

(ii) The composition of economy

(iii) The declining contribution of agriculture

(iv) Any other relevant point

Any three points to be explained. (3×1 = 3)

Page-41,TB-II 2+3 = 5

20. The factors responsible for the uneven distribution of roads are as follow:

(i) Terrain

Mountains

Plateaus

Plains

Deserts

(ii) Economic development

Agricultural Development

Industrial Development

(iii) Population distribution

High

285

Medium

Low

(iv) Government Policy

(v) Climate

Any five points/sub points to be argued to support the statement.

Page-117 , TB -II 5×1 = 5

21. See the attached World Map for the answer.

For the Visually impaired candidates:

(21.1) Norway

(21.2) Sydney

(21.3) Rio de Janeiro/ Porto Alegre/ Salvador

(21.4) New Orleans

(21.5) Lagos 5×1 = 5

22. See the attached India Map for the answer.

For the Visually impaired candidates:

(22.1) Goa

(22.2) West Bengal

(22.3) Panipat

(22.4) Bhilai

(22.5) Bangalore 5×1 = 5

286

5×1 = 5

287

5×1 = 5

288

QUESTION PAPER CODE 64/1

EXPECTED ANSWERS/VALUE POINTS

1. Density of population is the ratio between the numbers of people to the

size of land OR Density of Population = Population

Area

Page - 9 T.B. 1 1

2. People engaged in primary activities are called Red Collar Workers.

Page -31 T.B. 1 1

3. Germany

Page -67 T.B. 1 1

4. Characteristics of sub-urbanisation-

(i) People move away from congested urban areas to cleaner areas outside the

city.

(ii) Everyday thousands of people commute from their homes in the suburbs to

their workplaces in the city.

Page - 91 T.B. 1 ½+½ = 1

5. Factors mostly helped in the development of ancient towns in India -

(i) Religion

(ii) Culture

Page -34 T.B. 2 ½+½ = 1

6. Golden Quadrilateral :-

It comprises construction of 5,846 km long 4/6 lane, high density traffic corridor to

connect India's four big metro cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai & Kolkata . With

the construction of Golden Quadrilateral, the time - distance and cost of movement

among the mega cities of India will be considerably minimized. .

Page -115 T.B. 2 1

289

7. Sources of water Pollutants created by humans-

(i) Sewage disposal

(ii) Urban run - off

(iii) Toxic effluents from industries

(iv) Run - off over cultivated lands and nuclear power plants,

(v) Any other relevant point

(Any two points to be mentioned) Page- 136 T.B. 2 ½+½ = 1

8. Knowledge about nature is extremely important to develop technology-

(i) Understanding of concepts of friction and heat helped us discover fire.

(ii) Understanding of the secrets of DNA and genetics enabled us to conquer

many diseases.

(iii) The laws of aerodynamics are used to develop faster planes.

(iv) Any other relevant point.

(Any three points to be explained) Page -2 T.B.l 3×1 = 3

9. Population size criteria used by most countries to define urban areas-

The lower limit of the population size for the settlement to be designated as urban is :

(i) 1,500 in Colombia.

(ii) 2,000 in Argentina and Portugal

(iii) 2,500 in USA and Thailand

(iv) 5000 in India

(v) 30,000 in Japan.

(vi) In Denmark, Sweden and Finland all places with a population size of 250

persons are called urban.

(vii) The minimum population for a city is 300 in Iceland, where as in Canada and

Venezuela, it is 1,000 persons.

290

(viii) Any other relevant point

(Any three points to be explained) Page - 95, 96 T.B. 1 3×1 = 3

10. Characteristics of clustered rural settlements of India-

(i) The Clustered rural settlement is a compact or closely built up area of houses.

(ii) In this type of village the general living area is distinct and separated from the

surrounding farms, barns and pastures.

(iii) The closely built-up area and its intervening streets present some recognizable

pattern of geometric shape such as rectangular, radial, linear etc

(iv) Such settlements are generally found in fertile alluvial plains and in the north

eastern states.

(v) Sometimes, people live in compact village for security or defence reasons.

(vi) In Rajasthan scarcity of water has necessitated compact settlement for

maximum utilization' of available water resources.

(vii) Any other relevant point.

(Any three points to be explained) Page - 33 T.B. 2 3×1 = 3

11. Differentiation between protective irrigation and productive irrigation -

Protective irrigation Productive irrigation

i) lt protects the crops from adverse i) lt provides sufficient soil

effects of soil moisture deficiency. moisture in the cropping season

to achieve high productivity.

ii) Irrigation acts-as a supplementary ii) In this irrigation the water input

source of water over and above per unit area of cultivated land is

rainfall. higher than protective irrigation.

iii) Productivity is low. iii) Productivity is high.

iv) Any other relevant point. iv) Any other relevant point.

(Any three points of differentiation)

Page-44 & 45 T.B.2 3×1 = 3

291

12. Values that can change the possible dark scenario of electricity-

(i) Sustainable development of energy resources.

(ii) The vast capacity ingenuity, innovativeness & revolutionary spirit

(iii) Maximum use of renewable-energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro

geothermal and biomass.

(iv) Optimum use of energy resources and minimum wastage.

(v) Creating awareness

(vi) Any other relevant point.

(Any three points to be explained) Page - 80,82,83 T.B. 2

It is a value based question, so answers may vary. Hence answers should

be assessed on the basis of relevant views expressed by the candidates. 3×1 = 3

13. Noise pollution-

It refers to the state of unbearable and uncomfortable to human beings which is

caused by noise from different sources. 1

Sources of noise pollution are :-

(i) Various factories

(ii) Mechanised construction and demolition works

(iii) Automobiles

(iv) Aircrafts

(v) Sirens, and loudspeakers

(vi) Any other relevant point 4×½

(Any four points to be explained) Page - 138 T.B. 2 1+2 = 3

14. Sex ratio-

The ratio between the number of women and men in the population is called Sex

Ratio. 1

292

World pattern of sex ratio -

(i) The world population reflects a sex ratio of 990 females per 1000 males.

(ii) The highest sex ratio in the world has been recorded in Latvia which is 1187

females per 1000 males. In contrast, the lowest sex ratio occurs in U.A.E

which is 468 females per 1000 males.

(iii) The world pattern of sex ratio does not exhibit variations in the developed

regions of the world.

(iv) The sex ratio is favourable for females in 139 countries of the world and

unfavourable for them in the remaining 72 countries listed by the United Nations.

(v) In general, Asia has a low sex ratio. Countries like China, India, Saudi Arabia,

Pakistan, Afghanistan have a Iower sex ratio.

(vi) On the other extreme is greater part of Europe (including Russia) where males

are in minority.

(vii) A deficit of males in the populations of many European countries is attributed

to better status of women and an excessively male-dominated out-migration

to different parts of the world-in the past.

(viii) Any other relevant point. 4×1

(Any four points to be explained) Page -17, 18 T.B. 1 1+4 = 5

15. Commercial livestock rearing -

Organized and capital intensive is called commercial live stock rearing. 1

Characteristics -

(i) Associated with western cultures.

(ii) Ranches cover large areas.

(iii) The number of animals in the pastures is kept according to the carrying capacity

of the pasture.

(iv) Only one type of animal is reared

293

(v) Rearing of animals in ranching is organized on a scientific basis

(vi) Any other relevant point 4×1

(Any four points to be explained) Page - 33 & 34 T.B. 1 1+4 = 5

16. Medical tourism-

When medical treatment is combined with international tourism activity, It is known

as medical tourism. 1

Scope of Medical Services for overseas patients in India-

(i) About 55,000 patients from U.S.A visited India in 2005 for treatment.

(ii) India has emerged as the leading country of medical tourism in the world.

(iii) World class hospitals located in metropolitan cities of India.

(iv) Medical tourism brings abundant benefits to developing countries like India.

(v) Any other relevant point. 4×1

(Any four points to be explained.) Page - 63 T.B. 1 1+4 = 5

17. The longest trans-continental railway of North America is Trans - Canadian

Railway. 1

Features of Trans Canadian Railway-

(i) It is more than 7,000 km long rail-line.

(ii) It runs between Halifax and Vancouver.

(iii) It connects Quebec- Montreal Industrial Region with the wheat belt of the

Prairie Region and the Coniferous Forest region in the north.

(iv) Winnipeg to Thunder Bay located on Lake Superior connects this rail- line

with one of the important waterways of the world.

(v) This line is the economic artery of Canada.

294

(vi) Wheat and meat are the important exports on the route.

(vii) It was constructed for British Columbia.

(viii) Any other relevant point. 4×1

(Any four features to be described) Page - 70, 71 T.B. 1 1+4 = 5

18. Growth of population-

Growth of population is the change in the number of people living in a particular area

between two points of time. 1

Third (III) phase of growth of population -

(i) The decades are 1951-1981.

(ii) This is the period of population explosion in India.

(iii) It was caused by a rapid fall in the mortality rate but a high fertility rate of

population in the country.

(iv) Improvement in the economy.

(v) Any other relevant point. 4×1

(Any four points to be described) Page - 5 & 7 T.B. 2 1+4 = 5

19. Importance of Foodgrains in Indian agricultural economy -

(i) These crops occupy about two-third of total cropped area in the country.

(ii) Foodgrains are dominant crops in all parts of the country.

(iii) Foodgrains are classified as cereals and pulses:

(iv) Any other relevant point.

(Any two points to be explained) 2×1

Characteristics of Rice Cultivation :-

(i) Rice is a staple food.

(ii) It is considered to be a crop of tropical humid areas.

295

(iii) It has about 3000 varieties which are grown in different agro-climatic regions.

(iv) India is the second largest rice producer in the world.

(v) Any other relevant point. 3×1

(Any three points to be described) Page - 45 T.B.2 2+3 = 5

20. Indian Railways brought people of diverse cultures together-

(i) Indian Railway was introduced in 1853.

(ii) Indian Railways network is more than 64000 km.

(iii) It connects people of different regions through its sixteen zones.

(iv) Mahatma Gandhi said "Indian Railways brought people of diverse cultures

together to contribute to India's freedom struggle".

(v) People from different languages with different customs and food habits could

connect with each other using Indian Railways.

(vi) Any other relevant point.

(Any five points to be explained with suitable examples)

Page -118 T.B. 2 5×1 = 5

21. Refer to the attached political outline map of the World.

Note: The following Questions are 'for the Visually Impaired Candidates:

(21.1) Nigeria / Niger

(21.2) Perth and Sydney

(21.3) Valparaiso

(21.4) Auckland'

(21.5) New York, Los Angeles, Mexico City (any one)

Page -72,73,78,99 T.B.1 5×1 = 5

296

22. Refer to the attached political outline map of India.

Note: The following Questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidates-

(22.1) Rajasthan

(22.2) Assam

(22.3) Mangalore / Mangaluru -

(22.4) Rourkela

(22.5) Amritsar

Page - 152, 54, 81, 88, 132 T.B.-2 5×1 = 5

297

5×1 = 5

298

5×1 = 5