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Quick History of Europe1092
Timeline.. (A.D. = Anno Domini [Year of Our Lord])
• 100 AD till… Germanic tribes attackDark Ages: 500 – 1000 AD• 476 AD Rome loses control of Europe• 787 AD Vikings start attackingMiddle Ages: 1000 – 1450 AD• 1096 AD Crusades begin – Christians vs. Muslims in Holy Land• 1215 Magna Carta signed – king has less power• 1347 Plague reaches EuropeRenaissance: 1450-1600s AD (Leonardo da Vinci, etc.)Age of Exploration 1600s – 1800s AD (Christopher Columbus, etc)Age of Empires: mid 1400s – late 1900s AD• 1914- 1918 WWI
– 1917: Russian Revolution• 1939-1944 – WWII• 1945-1991 Cold War
Spread of Christianity in Europe
Spread of Islam in Middle East
& Africa
Roman Empire about 117 AD
100 AD till… Germanic tribes attack
Dark Ages: 500 – 1000 AD
• All non-Christian books were burned. Very few people could read or write.
476 AD Rome loses control of Europe
787 AD Vikings start attacking
Crusades1095-1291 A.D.
• Series of holy wars begun by the Pope of the Catholic Church to regain the Holy Land from the Muslim Turks.
http://www.history.com/topics/crusades/videos#roots-of-the-crusades
Results of Crusades
• Crusaders did not win back Holy Lands
• BUT…survivors brought back new ideas:– New maps– New foods– New medicines– Desire for MORE
• Led to travel, trade, and Renaissance… and PLAGUE
1215 Magna Carta signed
• Barons did not like King John of England (taxes, religion, lost wars)
• No heir to the throne• Limited the king’s
absolute power
Travel along the Silk Road• Traders traveled from Europe to the East
for silk, spices, and new ideas.
• They battled tribes and hardships.
• The Italians controlled entry into Europe and grew rich.
1347 AD Plague reaches Europe
• Caused by a germ that lives in some kinds of rats.
• Fleas bite the rats and get sick.
• Fleas bite people & people get sick.
• Killed 75 million people.
http://www.history.com/topics/crusades/videos#coroners-report-plague
Spread of the Plague along the Silk Road
• Jews were burned alive during the Plague
Renaissance: 1450-1600s AD
• Plague changed Europe’s social structure and people’s attitudes.– food was cheaper, people inherited land from
dead relatives, and they were open to new ideas
• Began in Italy (ports where goods and ideas entered Europe)
• Spread to rest of Europe – new ideas in art, architecture, science, and religion
Age of Exploration 1600s – 1800s AD
• Causes:– Religion– Natural resources– Market for goods– Prince Henry the Navigator
Age of Empires: mid 1400s – late 1900s AD
• Portugal – earliest empire
• Spain – one of largest empire
• England – largest empire
• France – 2nd largest empire
1914- 1918 WWI
• Called the Great War
• ‘World war’ because empires’ colonies had to fight with them & empires had allies that agreed to back them
• Germany lost
1917: Russian Revolution
• Russians were losing WWI to Germany
• Russians didn’t trust Tsar’s wife
• Russians were hungry
• So… Revolution!– Killed Tsar & family– Quit WWI– Gave Germany land
1939-1944 – WWII
• Caused by harsh treatment of Germany after WWI
• Hitler rose to power in Germany– Promised Germany glory– Planned to kill all Jews
• Was joined by Italy & Japan
• Lost
1945-1991 Cold War• After WWII
• Period of distrust and misunderstanding between Soviet Union and U.S.
• Germany was divided into East (Soviet) and West (free).
• Ended when Berlin Wall was destroyed and Soviet Union dissolved.