Quicktronic QTi DALI 1x28_54 DIM-Installation Guide

www.osram.dewww.osram.com June 2009

QUICKTRONIC® DALI/DIM Technical Guide.Dimmable Electronic Control Gears for Fluorescent Lamps.

• DALI/1…10 V Basics

• Product Overview and Features

• Installation and Operation Instructions

DALI_Cover_E.indd 2DALI_Cover_E.indd 2 05.06.2009 15:34:54 Uhr05.06.2009 15:34:54 Uhr

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Contents

1 Introduction .................................................................4

1.1 Dimmable lighting systems ..............................................4

1.1.1 Economy .........................................................................4

1.1.2 Lighting comfort ..............................................................5

1.1.3 Reliability/Safety ..............................................................6

1.1.4 The right control unit for every application .......................6

2 Overview of dimmable control gear ...........................7

2.1 Block diagrams of a digital/analog dimmable ECG ..........7

2.2 DALI in comparison to 1…10 V and EIB/LON..................8

2.2.1 DALI and 1…10 V characteristics ....................................8

2.3 DALI installation & features ............................................10

2.3.1 Simplified installation .....................................................10

2.3.2 Construction site mode .................................................10

2.3.3 Benefits of DALI ECG in group assignment....................10

2.3.4 Integrated scene memory ..............................................10

2.3.5 Status report from the ECG ...........................................10

2.3.6 No more switching relays ..............................................11

2.3.7 Addressing is not essential ............................................11

2.4 Installation and wiring instructions .................................11

2.4.1 Burning-in instructions/Cable insulation .........................11

2.4.2 Safety instructions .........................................................13

2.4.3 Radio interference suppression of dimmable luminaires ...14

2.4.4 Operation of multiple ECGs in a luminaire ......................16

2.4.5 Wiring examples of dimmable electronic control gear: ...17

2.5 The DALI interface – technical details ............................18

2.5.1 The principle of the DALI system ...................................18

2.5.2 DALI topology ...............................................................19

2.5.3 DALI parameters in the ECG .........................................19

2.5.4 Requirements to be met by the transmission cable .......20

2.5.5 Wiring diagram for DALI ECGs ......................................20

2.6 DALI data transmission .................................................22

2.6.1 Behavior in the event of a fault.......................................23

2.7 The DALI dimming curve ...............................................23

2.7.1 Brief overview of the most important dimming values ....24

2.8 Features of the digital interface ......................................25

2.9 Characteristics of the 1…10 V interface ........................26

2.9.1 The 1…10 V dimming curve ..........................................28

3 Additional characteristics of dimmable electronic

control gear from OSRAM .........................................29

3.1 OSRAM DALI/1…10 V ECGs: Added-value through

intelligent features .........................................................29

3.2 OSRAM DALI ECGs and TouchDIM interface ................30

3.2.1 Wiring and line compensation .......................................31

3.2.2 Operating parameters for TouchDIM..............................32

3.2.3 Compensation of interference........................................32

3.2.4 TouchDIM operation ......................................................33

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3.2.5 Operating modes with TouchDIM ..................................33

3.2.6 Asynchronism/Automation of the system .......................36

3.2.6.1 Prevention/remedying of asynchronism .........................36

3.2.6.2 Synchronization .............................................................36

3.2.7 Behavior after mains voltage failure ...............................37

3.3 OSRAM DALI ECGs in emergency lighting applications ....37

3.3.1 Mains failure at the sub-distributor (UV) .........................39

3.3.2 Mains failure at the main distributor (HV) ........................40

3.3.4 Emergency DC operation of the lighting system without

monitoring module ........................................................40

3.3.5 QTi DALI: Advantages in emergency lighting

applications ...................................................................40

3.4 OSRAM DALI LUMINAIRE TOOL (DLT) ..........................40

3.5 Basic circuits of 1…10 V control gear ............................42

3.5.1 1…10 V: Staircase operating modes .............................43

3.5.1.1 Applications ..................................................................43

3.5.1.2 Control via analog output ..............................................45

3.5.1.3 Interface circuit ..............................................................45

3.5.1.4 Control via instabus EIB ................................................46

3.6 Special wiring diagrams, tips and tricks .........................46

3.6.1 Temperature-dependent control ....................................46

3.6.2 Limits of the control voltage ...........................................47

3.6.3 Cable length of the 1…10 V control line ........................48

3.6.4 1…10 V DIM ECGs and emergency lighting ..................48

3.7 Terminals/Cable cross sections/Wire stripping lengths ...49

3.7.1 Inserting and releasing the connection cables ...............50

3.7.2 Cable cross sections ....................................................51

3.7.3 Basic insulation .............................................................51

3.7.4 Holders .........................................................................51

3.7.5 Master-slave circuit .......................................................51

3.7.6 Minimum reflector gaps .................................................51

3.8 Temperature response of dimmable ECGs from

OSRAM .........................................................................52

3.8.1 Intelligent thermal management in hot luminaires ...........52

3.8.2 Color temperature .........................................................56

3.8.3 Outdoor applications .....................................................56

3.8.4 Functional test of luminaires ..........................................57

3.9 Dimming of amalgam lamps ..........................................57

3.9.1 Dynamic dimming procedures with amalgam lamps ....... 60

3.9.2 The benefits of amalgam technology .............................61

4 System energy consumption and dimmer setting ...63

5 Dimming of compact fluorescent lamps .................64

5.1 Unique features of the new OSRAM CFL ECGs .............65

6 The DALI Activity Group (AG DALI) ...........................67

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7 Tender documents .....................................................68

8 Frequently asked questions (FAQ) ...........................72

8.1 Part of DALI ..................................................................72

8.1.1 TouchDIM .....................................................................72

8.1.2 DALI in general ..............................................................73

8.1.3 DALI to 1…10 V converter ............................................76

8.1.4 Troubleshooting TouchDIM mode ..................................76

8.1.5 Troubleshooting DALI controllers ...................................77

8.1.6 DALI to 1…10 V converter ............................................77

8.2 Part of 1…10 V DIM ECGs ............................................77

8.2.1 Troubleshooting 1…10 V ...............................................79

9 Appendix .....................................................................80

9.1 Starting currents and max. number of ECGs in

automatic cutouts .........................................................80

9.1.1 Minimum triggering levels for B/C characteristic ............80

9.2 DALI fade time and fade rate .........................................81

9.3 Lamp wiring ..................................................................81

9.4 Operating parameters of the ECG lamp combinations ...84

9.5 Energy classifications ....................................................85

9.6 The DALI standard (IEC 62386) at a glance ...................86

Index .....................................................................................87

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1.1 Dimmable lighting systems

Dimmable electronic control gears (DIM ECGs) are playing an

increasingly important role in all areas of application of modern

lighting technology. Dimmable ECGs from OSRAM, integrated in a

building management system, form the heart of intelligent lighting sys-

tems which save up to 80 % of energy compared to conventional

electronic control gears. The reason for this is that many requirements

of a lighting system are simple and elegant to realize by means of light

control. Economy, lighting comfort, reliability and safety are the driving

forces here.

1.1.1 Economy

Intelligent energy-saving concepts in building management lower the

lighting costs many times over:

• Up to 50 % less power consumption compared to operation with

magnetic, conventional electronic control gears (CCG)

• More than 50 % longer lamp lifetime compared to operation with

ECG and low-loss electronic control gears (LLG) through defined

lamp operation ! Lower maintenance costs

• Lowering of energy costs for air conditioning systems by reducing

the cooling load

Figure 1: Global energy saving potential with dimmable electronic

control gear

1 Introduction

5

1.1.2 Lighting comfort

Lighting situations at the touch of a button (lighting scenes), also with

integrated presence detection and daylight/time-dependent control,

increase lighting comfort. The features of a high-quality dimmable

ECG also include:

• Flicker-free ignition

• Comfortable, continuously dimmable (1(3)…100 %) and flicker-free

lighting without stroboscopic effects

• Virtually noise-free, no irritating humming of chokes (CCG/LLG)

• No flashing of defective lamps

• Automatic restart after lamp replacement

• Easy-to-use, feedback messages to the control unit and configura-

tion of personal lighting values create individuality

Figure 2: Energy saving and increased lighting comfort through inte-

grated presence detection with daylight/time-dependent control

This has been made possible mostly thanks to technical develop-

ments. Modern dimmable ECGs with digital (DALI = Digital Address-

able Lighting Interface) or analog (1…10 V) interface in combination

with corresponding control elements, control units and sensors create

the preconditions for simple and low-cost realization of more efficient

and convenient lighting systems.

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1.1.3 Reliability/Safety

Reliability and safety play a crucial role in the use of electronic control

gear. Key features of high-quality ECGs include:

• Preheating of both lamp filaments

• Dependable lamp ignition to an ambient temperature of -20 °C1

• Dependable lamp operation in the temperature range of -20 °C to

75 °C

• Dependable shutdown of the ECG in the event of a fault and at

"End of Life" (EoL)

• Compliance with all current applicable ECG standards:

•• Safety (EN61347)

•• Performance (EN60929)

•• Harmonic current emissions (EN61000-3-2)

•• Radio interference suppression from 9 kHz to 300 MHz

(EN55015: 2006 + A1:2007)/CDN measurement

•• Immunity (EN61547)

1.1.4 The right control unit for every application

Dimmable ECGs have a very wide range of uses. Some examples of

applications are offices and industrial buildings with light-dependent

control, conference and assembly rooms with lighting for the particu-

lar situation or CAD offices and switch rooms with individually adjust-

able light levels. The core of the lighting system are the dimmable

QUICKTRONIC Intelligent® ECGs from OSRAM with DALI or 1…10 V

interface (QTi DALI/DIM) for the operation of compact and fluorescent

lamps. These are controlled by a control unit, a sensor or a simple

button/rotary dimmer switch. The choice of the right dimming compo-

nents for controlling the lighting depends on the desired application.

The requirement profile of the dimmable lighting system must, there-

fore, be defined in detail.

1 at a dimming setting of 100 % → max. ECG output to the lamp

7

2.1 Block diagrams of a digital/analog dimmable ECGs2

a) Digital dimmable ECG with DALI interface

b) Analog dimmable ECG with 1…10 V interface

Figure 3: EMC filters and safety shutdown are important elements of

high-quality dimmable electronic control gears.

2 • EMC filter for HF interference signals from 9 kHz to 300 MHz

• Power Factor Correction: Correction of the line current harmonics

• HF half-bridge generator (40 kHz – 120 kHz) with resonance circuit

• Safety shutdown incl. “End of Life“ detection

• Cs: Storage capacitor

2 Overview of dimmable

electronic control gears

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2.2 DALI in comparison to 1…10 V and EIB/LON

What modern lighting technology needs is a system that is as flexible

as it is simple, a system that focuses on room-based lighting

control with just a few low-cost components, minimal wiring and a

user-friendly operating concept. The lighting industry has therefore de-

veloped a new digital communication standard for lighting systems:

DALI closes the gap between the former 1…10 V technology and

complex bus systems. DALI can be used either as a very simple lo-

cal solution or as a subsystem integrated in a building management

system.

Figure 4: Overview of 1…10 V, DALI and EIB/LON

With traditional electrical installations and even with the widely used

analog 1…10 V interface such requirements are very difficult to meet

and involve a great deal of time, effort and expense. A large number

of components have to be used to enable a programmed scene to

be changed, to provide flexible grouping at the same time and then

possibly to integrate these settings in a daylight-dependent control

system.

2.2.1 DALI and 1…10 V characteristics

The basis for any control system are the defined physical proper-

ties at the interface and the properties of the interface cables as the

transmission medium. Thanks to a high signal-to-noise ratio and wide

ranges for digital “low” and “high”, it is virtually impossible with DALI

for data transfer to be affected by interference. Consequently, there is

no need to use shielded control cables. As in the case of the 1...10 V

interface, the mains and control inputs in the ECGs are electrically

isolated. A conscious decision was taken not to use safety extra-low

voltage (SELV) in order to offer low-cost installation without additional

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special lines or cable penetrations. A 5 x 1.5 mm2 NYM cable, for

example, can be used for the mains feed and DALI.

1…10 V DALI

Potential-free control input Potential-free control input

Two-wire line (with +/- polarity) Two-wire line (polarity-free)

Dimming curve, luminous flux linear Dimming curve, optically linear

(= logarithmic), matching the sensitivity of

the eye

Non-addressable

• Wiring acc. to groups required

Addressing possible:

• Individual (max. 64 addresses)

• In groups (max. 16)

• All together

! No wiring acc. to groups

Not possible Scene memory (max. 16)

Not possible Individual addressing of the DALI ECG

Not possible Status messages of the DALI controllers

• Lamp faults

• Operating life

• Dimmer setting

Not possible Individual dimming options

• Storing the last dimming value as a start-

ing value

External mains voltage switch

(e.g.: relay)

Integrated mains voltage switch (switch-

off of the ECG via DALI interface, no relay

necessary)

Common mains supply and control line

possible through:

Basic insulation

Common mains supply and control line

possible through mains:

TouchDIM interface

• Control with mains voltage without obser-

vation of the mains voltage phase

! No separate bus line

• Conventional, commercially available

buttons

Table 1: Comparison between 1...10 V and DALI

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2.3 DALI installation & features

2.3.1 Simplified installation

The installation of DALI is carried out with commercially available in-

stallation material for 230 V line voltage. The two wires of the five-wire

cables (e.g. NYM 5 x 1.5 mm²) that are not needed can be used for

the DALI interface - regardless of polarity. Thus, no separate bus ca-

ble is required! The ECG and control unit can be operated on different

line voltage phases.

2.3.2 Construction site mode

The ECGs can be switched on or off at any time via the fuse protec-

tion even if there is no controller installed or programmed (basic DALI

function). With ECGs straight from the factory the lighting is always

switched on at 100 % luminous flux.

2.3.3 Benefits of DALI ECG with group assignment

Each ECG in the DALI system can be addressed individually and digi-

tally. Each ECG is assigned an address and group association on

start-up. Each ECG may belong to as many as 16 groups – and to

several groups at the same time. The ECGs can be addressed individ-

ually, in groups or all together. The group assignment can be changed

at any time without rewiring.

2.3.4 Integrated scene memory

Each ECG can store up to 16 light values, irrespective of the group

assignments. Fading from one scene to the next is synchronous. This

means that all ECGs start fading to the new scene at the same time

and finish at the same time (by varying the dimming rate).

2.3.5 Status report from the ECG

The control unit can query the status of each and every ECG. This

enables a lamp fault (or failure) or the brightness of a lamp to be de-

termined, for example. The feedback capability of the OSRAM DALI

ECG is crucial in association with complex bus systems (EIB, LON) in

building management systems (e.g.: the OSRAM BASIC checks for

lamp faults and can forward these via a potential-free message con-

tact; the OSRAM Advanced provides the option of analysis by means

of the HPT (Hand Programming Tool, see www.osram.com/ecg-lms).

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2.3.6 No more switching relays

The ECGs are switched on and off via the interface. The former exter-

nal relays required for switching are therefore no longer needed.

2.3.7 Addressing is not essential

DALI can also be used without any addressing (groups or individual

addresses). A method known as broadcast mode is used here, which

simply means that all control units are addressed together.

2.4 Installation and wiring instructions

2.4.1 Burning-in instructions/Cable insulation

• For forming and basic stabilization new lamps must be burned in

for 100 hours at 100 % dimmer setting (undimmed). Interruptions

during the burning-in are permissible. In dimming operation without

burning-in this can result in the lamps flickering, premature end-

blackening and shorter operating life. For measurements based on

IEC 60081, the lamps must also be correspondingly burned in, in

order to achieve maximum luminous flux and optimum lamp stabili-

ty.3

• Dimming is generally only possible with filament preheating. The

filament temperature must be kept constant by auxiliary heating as

this can to lead to effects such as tungsten depletion (sputtering)

or to elevated vaporization of the emitter material.

• The control input (DALI or 1…10 V) is insulated from the mains

(230 V voltage-proof) by basic insulation (not SELV). The mains

cable and control line can therefore be routed together in a 5-core

NYM cable.4

3 The electrodes of a low pressure discharge lamp are coated with an emitter (barium, strontium and

calcium oxide) to reduce the work function of the electrons from the tungsten filament wire. These

oxides are strongly hygroscopic and interact with the humidity of the air (consequence: relatively low

light yield, high lamp voltage and short service life of the lamp)

! Solution: Intermediate reaction due to carbonate compounds from which the oxides are formed

at temperatures above 600 °C. The actual reduction of the filament work function requires atomic

barium on the emitter surface, which is only fully formed at the max. dimming setting (100 % lu-

minous flux) and high temperatures (1900 K electrode temperature) over a time period of 100 h. If

these conditions are not fulfilled, an increased cathode voltage drop results and leads to material

deposits on the filament: Reduced service life

4 In accordance with DIN VDE 0100 Part 520 Section 528.11, main current circuits and associated

auxiliary circuits can be laid together, even if the auxiliary circuits carry a lower voltage than the main

current circuits.

12

Note (acc. to DIN VDE 0100/11.85, T 520, Sect. 528.11):

•• Cables or lines that are insulated for the maximum operating

voltage must be used, or each conductor of a multi-wire cable/

line must be insulated for the next voltage appearing in the

cable/line.

•• When laying conductor lines in electrical installation pipes or

ducts only the conductors of a main power circuit including the

associated auxiliary power circuit may be laid together

•• Several main power circuits including the associated auxiliary

power circuits can also be combined in a single cable or line

• Cables and terminals approved for use the mains voltage (230 V)

must be used for the installation

• The installation must be carried out in such a way that when the

supply voltage is switched off, all signal and control cables are also

switched off at the same time

• All components of the main power and control power circuits must

be designed for 250 V working voltage to ground

• All the luminaires must be wired with H05 cables provided UOUT

does not exceed 430 Veff,

and also be subjected to an insulation

test (in accordance with VDE) in conjunction with OSRAM DALI/

DIM ECGs. OSRAM QUICKTRONIC DALI/DIM ECGs do not ex-

ceed 430 Veff

even for T5-Ø 16 mm HE and HO florescent lamps.

13

2.4.2 Safety instructions

Electronic control gear should be installed and maintained by qualified

electricians only

Disconnect electronic control gear from the power supply before

maintenance work

Use indoors only

14

2.4.3 Radio interference suppression of dimmable luminaires

The use of dimmable ECG is only approved in luminaires of protection

class I (PC I) as only here is adequate grounding assured.

Note:

When dimming, the operating frequency of the lamp and the lamp

burning voltage increases at the same time which can lead to elevated

leakage currents. Leakage currents emerging from the lamp always

flow back into the ECG because the current circuit must be closed. To

keep cable-related interference as low as possible, the leakage cur-

rent is offered a different return path, the ground conductor (=casing)

and the PE connection of the ECG.

In brief: Dimming is not possible without grounding. Dimmable ECGs

only function in PC I luminaires and not in PC II luminaires as these

have no protection contact. Connecting the dimmable ECG to the

functional ground is not permissible.

R

L N

R

L N

Lamp ECG

PE

Radio interference suppression with PC I

Grounded metal plate or reflector

Figure 5: Protection class I luminaires

The maximum 50 Hz leakage current of the ECG via the ground fault

circuit interrupter (FI switch) is 0.5 mA.

• Mains cables and control lines may be routed together and should

be laid close to the luminaire wall

• Mains and control cables must not be laid close to the lamp cables

• If crossovers of mains and lamp cables are unavoidable, they

should cross perpendicularly

• Do not lay the PE conductor together with the lamp cables

• Do not use shielded lamp cables (reduction of capacity leakage

currents)

• The OSRAM DALI/DIM ECG must always be installed near the

lamp(s) so that the lamp cables can be kept short in the interests of

good radio interference protection

15

Notes:

• • Max. lamp cable length of the "hot end" (higher potential to

ground): T5, T8: 1 m/T4: 0.5 m

• • Excessively long lamp cables cause the following problems:

- Poor radio interference suppression

- Uncertain lamp detection (not in T8)

- Poor synchronization of 2-lamp OSRAM DALI/DIM ECGs

• Lay the lamp cables close together and close to the lamp

• Lamp cables must not be laid in metal pipes and must not be

shielded cables

• Guide the cables of the different lamp ends separately

• In the case of multi-lamp OSRAM DALI/DIM ECGs, the cables to

the respective lamp ends must be of the same length to prevent

differences in the brightness

• When dimming florescent lamps the maximum lamp voltage is

reached at the lowest dimmer setting (3 %-10 %) due to the nega-

tive current-voltage characteristic

Maximum line lengths between dimmable ECG

(QTi DALI/DIM) and lamps

Cold ends* Hot ends*

1-lamp 21, 22 1-lamp 26, 27

2-lamp 21, 22, 23 2-lamp 24, 25, 26, 27

T5 1.5 m 1.0 m

T8 1.5 m (2 m HF DIM) 1.0 m (1.5 m HF DIM)

DULUX D/E, T/E Every 0.5 m

Table 2: Maximum cable lengths between dimmable ECGs and

lamps

* "Hot ends" are the lamp cables that have the highest potential to the

switching ground or protective ground. The other "cold ends" of the

lamp cables have a lower potential to ground.

Note:

• Maximum capacitance of a filament cable pair to ground:

T5: 75 pF

T8/DL: 150 pF

• Maximum capacitance between "hot" and "cold":

T5: 15 pF

T8: 30 pF

16

2.4.4 Operation of multiple ECGs in a luminaire

If several dimmable ECGs are operated in a luminaire, there can be

interference effects and hence to flickering, jerky dimming or even to

shutdown of the ECGs if they have not been correctly installed. The

cause for this are inductions between the lamp current circuits of sev-

eral ECGs: If a lamp running at 100 % transfers just 1 % of its current

into the neighboring lamp dimmed to 1 %, this represents a fault of

100 %. The same applies to coupling between a heating current cir-

cuit, i.e. feed and return lines to one side of the lamp and the neigh-

boring lamp circuit.

There should, therefore, be a minimum spacing of 12 cm between the

lamp circuits (lamp and cables) of different ECGs. If this is not pos-

sible, the lamp wiring must be carefully installed so coupling between

the lamp circuits is reduced to a minimum:

• Lay the lamp cables close to the appropriate lamps so that the

area covered by the lamp circuit is as small as possible. The lamp

circuits of the two ECGs must not overlap. This is particularly im-

portant for color control if adjacent ECGs are dimmed to different

levels.

• There should be a spacing of several centimeters between the

lamp cables of two ECGs

• The "short" (hot) lamp cables (see also ECG imprint) should lead to

one side of the lamp and should be as short as possible. The "long“

(cold) lamp cables to the other side of the lamp (see Table 2)

• Mains and control cables should not be laid close to the lamp ca-

bles (prevents undesired couplings into the control cable)

• All the mains and control cables may be routed together. To ensure

that radio interference suppression is not impaired, there should be

a gap of several centimeters to the lamp cables.

17

The better these recommendations are implemented, the more stable

is the light at the lowest dimmer setting, even with a very small lamp

spacing – and, hence, the full temperature range of the ECGs can be

used.

• In the "worst case" twist the cables of the heating circuits together,

hence ensuring they lie close together. With 1-lamp ECGs these

are the 21-22 and 26-27 cables, with 2-lamp ECGs; 21-22 and

21-23, 24-25 and 26-27. This is particularly important if adjacent

ECGs are operated at the lowest dimmer setting (1(3)%).

If there still are problems: Remove all lamps except for the most

"problematic" ECG – this will eliminate possible faults from the other

lamps. If the lamp then works correctly over the entire dimming range,

the decoupling measures for the other lamps (cables) are still not ad-

equate.

2.4.5 Wiring examples of dimmable electronic control gear

Figure 6: Three 1-lamp ECGs

Correct: Wrong:

The lamp lines are laid close to

the respective lamps.

There are no overlapping lamp

current circuits. The “hot" side

is up and the “cold" is down.

The lamp lines of all ECGs are laid

together, also overlapping lamp

current circuits are formed in this

way.

18

Figure 7: Three 2-lamp ECGs

Correct: Wrong:

The lamp lines are laid close

to the respective lamps. The

overlapping of the three right

lamp current circuits is mini-

mized.

The lamp lines of all ECGs are laid

together, also overlapping lamp

current circuits are formed in this

way.

Note:

T5 florescent lamps must be used so that the lamp stamps are on

the same side. The lamp stamp must be underneath (Cold Spot) in

the upright burning position. If this is not the case, the lamp param-

eters will fluctuate which can lead to unstable burning behavior of the

lamp.

2.5 The DALI interface – technical details

DALI defines the digital communication between a control unit with

DALI interface and a DALI controller (ECG). The detailed specifications

of the DALI interface can be found in IEC 62386.

2.5.1 The DALI system principle

Each control unit works as a "master" and controls communication on

the control cable. ECGs, in contrast, may only respond as a "slave" to

a request of the "master".

DALI relies on consistent intelligence distributed throughout the

system, an intelligent control unit communicates with intelligent com-

ponents. For example, the control unit only issues the command:

"Scene 1" and the processor in the ECG adopts the desired light

value. This way all ECGs achieve the set value at the same time.

19

2.5.2 DALI topology

The DALI ECGs are wired in parallel to each other and groups are not

taken into consideration. Star configurations are also possible. Ring

wiring is not permitted (indicated by X in the diagram). There is also no

need for terminating resistors on the communication cable.

Figure 8: DALI topology

2.5.3 DALI parameters in the ECG

The following data can be stored in the DALI ECGs when a DALI

system is started up:

• Group assignment of the DALI ECG (max. 16 groups, multiple

assignment is possible)

• Individual address for accessing each ECG directly (max. 64)

• Lighting values for the individual scenes (max. 16)

• ECG parameters that determine the behavior of the ECG:

• • Dimming rate

• • Behavior if the voltage fails on the interface (System Failure Level)

• • Behavior when the mains voltage is restored (Power On Level)

In addition to the above-mentioned options, it is always possible to

address all the devices together, even without programming the de-

vices beforehand (construction site function).

20

2.5.4 Requirements to be met by the transmission cable

When selecting a cable make sure that the voltage drop on the line

does not exceed 2 V at 250 mA. As with 1…10 V systems, the power

supply and control line can be run in the same cable. This means, for

example, a 5-core NYM cable can be used to connect the DALI ECG

without any problems. The maximum permitted total length of cable

between the controller and the connected ECG is 300 m.

Cross section of the power cable:

A = L x I x 0.018

A = Line cross section in mm², L = Cable length in meters,I = Max. current of the supply voltage in A,

0.018 = Specific resistance of copper

The following formula is used as a basis for finding the cable cross

section (transmission and power cable):

Line length up to 100 m 100 to 150 m 150 to 300 m

Line cross section 0.5 mm2 0.75 mm2 1.5 mm2

Note:

Because of the different technical properties of the DALI interface in

control units found on the market and the differing local conditions of

the installation, it is recommended to limit the overall line lengths used

in the system to 300 m.

2.5.5 Wiring diagram for DALI ECGs

For reasons of clarity it is recommended to use the black and the gray

cable for DALI.

e.g.

Neutral conductor

Protective earth

Figure 9: Wiring diagram for DALI controllers

21

Controllers and electronic control gears may be connected to different

power supply phases.

ECG Quicktronic DALILamp

1

2

3

4

DA

DA

~

~


1

2

3

4

DA

DA

~

~


1

2

3

4

DA

DA

~

~

L3

N

PE

L2

L1

L1NPEDA L2 L3DA

DALIcontroller

L N PE DA DA

Figure 10: Wiring diagram for DALI controllers

22

2.6 DALI data transfer

With DALI, data telegrams are produced by short-circuiting and re-

leasing the line in order to generate the corresponding "low" or "high"

logic states. This may be caused by either the ECG or by the control-

ler. In the event of a short-circuit the current is limited by the interface

supply to 250 mA. In the idle state (no data transfer) approx. 16 VDC

is

on the ECG. The following figures illustrate data transfer via DALI:

Undefined

Undefined

"Low Level" receiver range

22.5 V max.

9.5 V min.

20.5 V max.

11.5 V min.

16 V typ.

0 V typ.

Receiver unitSender unit

6.5 V max.

-6.5 V min.

4.5 V max.

-4.5 V min.

8 V typ. Undefined

“High Level"sender range

“Low Level"sender range

“High Level"receiver range

Figure 11: Voltage level on the DALI interface

23

Voltage

“Biphase" databit coded with value “1"

High level (= idle state)

Low level

Current

Current consumption < 2 mA

Current consumption < 250 mA (active limit by the DALI supply)

Incoming data telegram

ECG response

“Biphase" databit coded with value “0"

Figure 12: Data transfer using the Manchester code on the DALI line

Data is transferred using the Manchester code. The signal edges in

the middle of the bit carry the information here. A trailing edge indi-

cates a logical zero and a rising edge a logical one.

2.6.1 Behavior in the event of a fault

If there is no power at the DALI interface (controller faulty or switched

off), the System Failure Level is set. The Power On Level is activated

after a mains voltage failure (230 V). The System Failure Level has the

higher priority.

Both values are set at the factory to 100 % luminous flux, but can

be individually programmed with the Dali Luminaire Tool (DLT) from

OSRAM, for example.

2.7 The DALI dimming curve

IEC 62386 defines the dimming range of a DALI controller from 0.1 to

100 %. The dimming curve is shown in the graphic below. As far as

the eye is concerned, this categorization is a linear response5 accord-

ing to the Weber-Fechner Law.

5 The Weber-Fechner law states that the subjective strength of sensory stimuli is

logarithmically related to the objective intensity of the physical stimulus.

24

The dependency of the relative luminous flux X (n) on the digital 8-bit

value n is described by the following correlation:

3253

1

10)(

−

=n

nX ! .%8 ,2)(

)1()(Const

nXnXnX ==+−

This results in the following graphical association:

Figure 13: DALI dimming curve

2.7.1 Brief overview of the most important dimming values

Table 3: Values of digital dimming value against percentage luminous

flux

As not all DALI controllers start at 0.1 % luminous flux, the smallest

value for DALI ECG is 85 for example (corresponds to 1 % luminous

flux). All values below 85 (except for 0 = off) are interpreted as the

minimum light level. To ensure that the transitions from one digital level

to the next are not visible, DALI ECGs from OSRAM feature digital

“smoothing" (this is an additional function of the QTi for increasing

lighting comfort and is not part of the DALI standard).

percentage luminous flux 0 0,1 0,5 1,0 3 5 10 20

digital dimming value 0 1 60 85 126 144 170 195

percentage luminous flux 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

digital dimming value 210 220 229 235 241 246 250 254

25

2.8 Features of the digital interface

• IEC 62386 – This allows the combination of units from different

manufacturers. A special feature to be noted is that the DALI man-

ufacturers represented in the AG DALI.6 test their units together in

order to guarantee high functional security.

• Physical usable data rate of 1200 bit/s enables fault-free opera-

tion7

• Safe interference voltage gap – the generously dimensioned inter-

ference voltage gap of the high and low level guarantee safe opera-

tion

• Data coding – the Manchester code is used; its structure allows

detection of transmission errors

• Maximum system current – the maximum current that a central in-

terface8 supply must deliver is 250 mA. Each control unit may take

max. 2 mA. This must be taken into consideration when selecting

the interface supply.

• Limited system size – a maximum of 64 control units with an in-

dividual address can be operated differently in a single system

• Feedback of information – ON/OFF, current brightness value of the

connected lamps, lamp status etc. are possible

• Two-wire control line – there should be two basic insulations be-

tween two conductors. Hence, single-layer insulation of a conduc-

tor is adequate. Control and supply lines can be laid together; a

minimum cross section of the line must be maintained here. The

maximum line length between two connected system subscribers

must not exceed 300 meters

• Potential-free control input – the control input is electrically sepa-

rated from the mains supply. The ECGs can thus be operated on

different outer conductors (phases)

• No terminating resistors required – the interface lines do not need

to be connected to resistors

6 Every ECG manufacturer that has the DALI logo on its ECG is a member of the

AG DALI

7 40 commands/s and 16 bits ! 640 bit/s

8 DALI interface on the control unit:

The DALI interface of the control unit also supplies the DALI interface of the

connected DALI components. To ensure that the total current of max. 250 mA

permitted for DALI is not exceeded, no other DALI supplies or DALI controllers

can be connected to this system. In order not to exceed the max. permissible

voltage drop of 2 V on the interface lines, the line cross section must be chosen

according to the table in the technical details (2.5.4).

26

• Dimming range 1 %…100 % (the lower limit depends on the lamp

and manufacturer). The progression of the characteristic is stan-

dardized and adapted to the sensitivity of the eye (logarithmic

characteristic). Because of the standardization, a similar sense of

brightness is achieved when using control units from different man-

ufacturers

• Programmable dimming times – special settings such as light

change speeds (e.g. from 1 % to 100 % dimmer setting) are pos-

sible

• Disconnection of the data line – the specified light values are ad-

opted automatically

• Storage of light scenes (different group-dependent dimming states)

– up to 16 scenes can be stored

• Connection via converter to building management systems – the

interface is primarily conceived for room applications; it can be in-

tegrated into building management systems via gateways

• Simple system reconfiguration – once the system is set up and

configured, changes of the system function, the light scene and

light functions are only a matter of configuration and do not require

any changes to the hardware. Example: Regrouping of luminaires

in a large office building

• Simple integration of new components – if an existing illumination

system is to be extended, new components can be added any-

where within the system. Attention must be paid here to adequate

dimensioning of the system supply

• Polarity freedom of the interface

2.9 Characteristics of the 1…10 V interface

Note:

This chapter is based on OSRAM ECGs types QTi DIM and HF DIM,

abbreviated to OSRAM DIM ECGs in the following

• Control is carried out via a fail-safe DC signal of 10 V (maximum

brightness; control line open) to 1 V (minimum brightness; control

line shorted)

• The control power is generated by the ECG (max. current: 0.6 mA

per ECG)

• The voltage on the control line is voltage-insulated from the mains

line (basic insulation), but there is no safety extra-low voltage

(SELV)

• ECGs in different phases can be dimmed by the same controller

27

Note:

Due to the characteristics of the 1…10 V interface, the following must

be noted:

• All control lines of an ECG installation must be connected with the

right polarity (+/-)

• The control line is voltage-insulated from the mains line but there is

no safety extra-low voltage (SELV). Therefore, cables and terminals

that are approved for supply voltage 230V must be used for the

installation

• The control voltage is simple to limit upwards or downwards with

resistors; several control units can be combined with one another

• The correct function of the ECG can be tested as follows:

•• Switch-on of the ECG with open control line. The lamp must

ignite and burn with max. luminous flux

•• Switch-on of the ECG with shorted control line (wire jumper).

The lamp must burn with min. luminous flux

• Each OSRAM DIM ECG can be used as a normally non-dimmable

ECG if there is no control unit connected to the control line

• The dimmable ECGs are only dimmed via the 1…10 V interface

and switched via the mains line

• The maximum load capacity of the control unit (switched output

and 1…10 V output) must be heeded

• The connected control unit must always be able to handle the cur-

rent supplied in the control line by the ECG (current sink) and to

reduce the control voltage. This precept is fulfilled by according-

ly dimensioned potentiometers as well as by all OSRAM control

components. Normal power supplies, converter boards etc. do not

necessarily have this characteristic! To check, connect the control

unit, set to the lowest brightness and measure the voltage on the

control line. The set value is 1V or less

• OSRAM DIM ECGs cannot be dimmed via the mains line (e.g. with

phase control mode, round control pulses etc.)

28

2.9.1 The 1…10 V dimming curve

The 1…10 V interface is defined in IEC 60929. In the control voltage

range of 3 V to 10 V there is a largely linear relationship to the rela-

tive luminous flux. In the 1…10 V interface, a logarithmic response

(like the DALI units) is adjusted by a logarithmic potentiometer.

lum

ino

us

flux

i

n %

Control voltage in V

Figure 14: The 1…10 V characteristic: Luminous flux against control

voltage

The control current in the 1…10 V interface drops with increasing

control voltage. Unlike the DALI interface, this does not therefore re-

main constant.

Co

ntr

ol c

urr

ent

Control voltage [V]

Figure 15: Decreasing control current with increasing control voltage

29

3 Additional characteristics of

dimmable electronic control

gears from OSRAM9

3.1 OSRAM DALI/1…10 V ECG: Added-value through intelligent features

• Automatic lamp detection through intelligent multi-lamp operation

(reduction of the ECG type variety)

Lamps of the same length and different powers can be operated

on an ECG. Furthermore, there are special approvals for specific

ECG lamp combinations10

• Dimming range to 1 % of the rated luminous flux (3 % in CFL)

• Ignition of the lamp at an ambient temperature of -25 °C

• Optimized lamp warm start within 0.6 s [including HF DIM]

• Temperature-dependent “cut-off” at dimmer settings > 80 %

Shutdown of the filament heating at dimmer settings > 80 % pre-

vents a permanent heating current through the lamp electrodes

during operation. This reduces the filament loading and the power

loss by approx. 2W

• Power reduction by the ECG at excessively high ambient tempera-

tures in order to protect the electronics ! Can be used in very

close, hot luminaires (operating life, increased light yield, simplified

safety approval)

• High Tc point values (T

c < 80 °C)

enable operation at high ambient

temperatures (Ta values)

• Stable dimming operation also in amalgam lamps (CFL (IN) and

OSRAM T5 CONSTANT lamps) ! particularly suitable for use in

areas with low ambient temperatures (e.g. cool rooms, outdoors):

relative luminous flux > 90 % from 0 °C to 70 °C

• Intelligent power control upon detecting instabilities in the lamp cir-

cuit (amalgam lamp start) – protects lamp/ECG

• Permanent Heat Mode (PHM) for lighting effects (permanent fila-

ment heating, switch-on of the continuous lamp pre-heating by

digital command, not DALI standard): The PHM ensures that, at

a light value = 0 (switched off lamp(s)), the lamp electrodes are al-

ready heated. A delay-free lamp start is therefore possible

•• > 1 s on/off switching cycle in the PHM ! No restrictions

•• 0.5 s < t < 1 s on/off switching cycle in the PHM ! 30 k

switching actions with T5, 100k switching actions with T8

•• < 0.5 s on/off switching cycle in the PHM ! 15 k switching

actions with T5, 50k switching actions with T8

• Optimized filament heating and lamp operation at mains undervolt-

age (no damage to the lamps)

9 Applies to OSRAM QUICKTRONIC Intelligent (QTi) DALI/DIM ECGs, exceptions

given in […]

10 Special releases for QTi DALI/DIM and HF DIM types of the ECG lamp

30

• EoL shutdown after Test 2

Asymmetric power test for detecting defective lamp electrodes or

high-impedance lamp paths due to leaks in the glass tube

• Chip ID (CIN = Chip Identification Number, serial number) for sim-

ple system installation ! OSRAM DALI Luminaire Tool (DLT): Ad-

dress assignment via CIN possible

• EEPROM for backing up settings/parameters even if the mains

supply fails

• Lamp replacement without mains reset (automatic lamp reactiva-

tion after lamp replacement) [including HF DIM]

• DC operation in the input voltage range of 154-276V/lamp start

above 198V [including HF DIM]

• Optimized radio interference suppression: Maintaining the requisite

EMC thresholds with a comfortable safety margin for ease of lumi-

naire installation [including HF DIM]

• DALI standard acc. to IEC 62386 -101/-102/-201

• 1…10 V standard acc. to IEC 60929

3.2 OSRAM DALI ECGs and TouchDIM interface

To realize light controllers as economically as possible, the DALI ECGs

from OSRAM also have the integrated TouchDIM function11. It is there-

fore possible to dim and switch DALI ECGs directly with mains volt-

age on the DALI control terminals (TouchDIM Interface = TDI). Only

one commercially available switch is required, the ECG assumes the

control function.

The changeover between both operating modes – TouchDIM or

DALI operation – can only be realized after mains voltage. Hence, it is

not possible to switch between the operating modes via an integrated

safety mechanism during operation. Switching between both operat-

ing modes can take place as often as necessary. TouchDIM must

never be used at the same time with a DALI control system.

TouchDIM offens all the functions of a comfort dimmer:

• Soft starting of the lamp (lamp starting at the lowest dimmer setting

(1 % (3 %), lowest luminous flux)

• Short press: On/Off

• Long press: Dimming

• Memory function (light value stored by double-clicking)

• All settings are remained even after a power outage

11 TouchDim is not part of the DALI standard

31

3.2.1 Wiring and line compensation

• The line lengths between buttons and the farthest away DALI ECG

should not be longer than 25 meters. Where line lengths over

25 meters are required, compensation methods (bell transformer,

resistor) must be used

• Do not use more than 6 DALI ECGs in one TouchDIM appli-

cation (up to 6 ECG can be controlled by one switch, the number

of operating points is limited to 2)

• Different lamp families should not be mixed because of the

different preheating times (e.g. HO lamps (500 ms starting time) vs.

HE lamps (700 ms starting time)

• If more than one operating point is required, a maximum of 2 but-

tons per TouchDIM application can be switched in parallel

• The TouchDIM wiring must be rated for mains voltage (230 V)

L a m p

1

2

3

4

D A

D A

~

~

L a m p

1

2

3

4

D A

D A

~

~

L a m p

1

2

3

4

D A

D A

~

~

L 3

N

P E

L 1 N P E T

Control button

L 2 L 3

L 2

L 1

DALI ECGDALI ECG with TouchDim

function


function


function

Figure 16: Operation via buttons. Another button can be connected

in parallel to the first one. Up to 6 ECGs can be controlled by one

switch, the number of operating points is limited to 2.

32

Note:

• Only use switches without control lamp and with 230 V normally-

closed contact as the permanent current through the glow lamp

can lead to malfunctions

• TouchDIM is not part of the DALI standard (IEC 62386), but rather

an additional OSRAM function

3.2.2 Operating parameters for TouchDIM

To operate the TouchDIM, AC voltages of 10…230 V (RMS) at

a frequency of 46…66 Hz can be used – there is no DC voltage

allowed.

3.2.3 Compensation of interferences

A control transformer which complies to the following figures and val-

ues must be used with a total line length from the switch to the ECG of

25 m to 100 m in order to prevent interference (e.g. through capacitive

induction):

Primary 230 V/Secondary 12 V, transformer rating required: 25 mW

per connected ECG (i.e. 150 mW with 6 ECGs 2 mA control current

per ECG)

DA DA

~ ~

L N

PE DALI ECG

Installation line

Button

12 V TransformerMin. power: 25 mW x no. of ECGs

Figure 17: Control transformer for compensation close to the ECG

(e. g. in a luminaire)

DA DA

~ ~

L N

PE DALI ECG

Min. power: 25 mW x no. of ECGs12 V Transformer

Button

Installation line

Figure 18: Control transformer close to the switch (e.g. in the subdis-

tributor or in a flush-mounted socket)

33

The option of connecting a conventional resistor is also available

(150 kΩ, 1 W) for compensating interferences (damping of the line)

between the phase and neutral conductor. The resistor can also re-

main in the control line during DALI operation which is not affected

(< 2 mW power loss).

Max. 50 m total line length for compensation of the connection cable

L

N R: 150kOhm, 1W

Figure 19: Compensation of the connection line by a resistor (150 kΩ, 1 W)12

3.2.4 TouchDIM operation

• Switching the lamp on/off: Short button press (< 0.5 s)

• Dimming: Long button press (> 0.5 s), (dimming direction changes

each time the button is pressed)

• Save the reference value in the switched-on condition: "Double-

click“ (press briefly 2 x within 0.4 s)

• Delete reference value: Double-click with the lamp switched off

(ECG starts with 100 % luminous flux when switched on again)

Note:

Long button press with the lamp switched off: Lamp is switched on at

the minimum dimmer setting and, hence, remains highly dimmed until

the switch is released.

3.2.5 Operating modes with TouchDIM

With the QTi DALI, OSRAM offers two modes for TouchDIM that dif-

fer in switch-on behavior (this refers to the software-controlled switch-

ing on/off and not to the switching off of the voltage supply):

Mode 1:

The electronic control gear switches with the last dimming value that

it had before being switched off. The following applies:

Short press: Switching

Long press: Dimming/Switching on at minimum dimmer setting

12 For example: Vishay Beyschlag: MBA/SMA 0204, MBB/SMA 0207, MBE/SMA

0414 - Professional

34

Mode 2:

The electronic control gear switches on with the dimming value (pre-

set value) last stored by double-clicking. The following applies:

Short press: Switching

Long press: Dimming/Switching on at minimum dimmer setting

The following figure shows the options of both operating modes to the

user:

Figure 20: Operating modes and operating combinations by button

On

Off

LP DC SPSP

On

Off

LP SP SP

LP LP

DC

DC

DC

Mode 1 Mode 2

SP = Short Push LP = Long Push DC = Double Click

35

The following table once again explains the behavior of the ECG for

different switching actions:

Action TouchDIM

Short press

(status: switched off)

TDI Mode I: switches on to last value before

switch-off

TDI Mode II: switches on to last double-click

value

Short press

(status: switched on)

Switch-off and store value for next switch-on in

TDI Mode I

Long press


Switch on and fade from min upwards

Dimming as long as button is pressed

Long press

(status: switched on)

Dimming fades upwards or downwards (de-

pending on pending toggle or logic function)

Double-click


Swap to TDI Mode I ( = auto memory of the

switch-on value), confirmation: switch-on and

dimming to maximum brightness

Double-click

(status: switched on & dim-

ming in the last 3 s)

Swap to TDI Mode II (switch-on value = double-

click value), confirmation: flashing and dimming

to double-click value

Double-click

(status: switched on & no

dimming in the last 3 s)

Holiday mode; only in combination with LMS

sensors (see www.osram.com/ecg-lms)

Power failure

(status switched off)

Remains switched off

Power failure

(status switched on)

Switches on to …

TDI Mode I : last value before power outage

TDI Mode II : last value before power outage

Table 4: Behavior of the ECG for different switching actions, TDI =

TouchDIM interface

36

3.2.6 Asynchronism/Automation of the system

The increased use of DALI ECGs in button operation shows again and

again that in systems with

• not completely sinusoidal supply voltage (e.g. electronic dimmer on

the same mains supply),

• excessively long line lengths or

• high DALI ECG count (more than 6 ECGs per TouchDIM applica-

tion)

increasing results in asynchronism of the connected DALI ECGs. To

consistently prevent asynchronously running lighting systems in prac-

tice, the permissible number of DALI ECGs is limited to 6 units.

3.2.6.1 Prevention/Remedying of asynchronism

With the aid of the DALI repeater that is described in more detail in the

context of the LMS (Light Management Systems) portfolio (see

www.osram.com/ecg-lms), up to 64 ECGs can easily be operated in

the TouchDIM function without having to be concerned about asyn-

chronism. Without the repeater, the TouchDIM application is however

only restricted to floor-standing luminaires or small offices.

3.2.6.2 Synchronization

For physical reasons a TouchDIM can work asynchronously, i.e. the

switching status and dimming direction of the separate luminaires are

different. The following steps help in the synchronization of a Touch-

DIM system:

1st. step: Longpress (> 0.5 s)

! All luminaires switch on

2nd. step: Shortpress (< 0.5 s)

! All luminaires switch off

3rd. step: Longpress (> 0.5 s)

! All luminaires switch on and dim

4th. step: Double-click

! Save dimmer setting (if required)

After these four steps – long–short–long–double-click – the ECGs

again behave synchronously.

Note:

TouchDIM was developed for manual control and is not suitable for

automation, e.g. for connecting to a PLC.

37

3.2.7 Behavior after mains voltage failure

If the luminaire is disconnected from the mains, the ECG saves all

set values. If the light value has been changed before being switched

off, this value is restored, i.e. after a voltage loss, exactly the last

status is reestablished (instant switch-on to the previous present

luminous flux, no "intermediate path" above 100 % luminous flux and

subsequent dimming). All settings (dimming values, lamp on/off,…)

also remain intact with a prolonged mains voltage failure. By double-

clicking, the stored reference value also remains in the ECG after a

power failure and can, if required, be called up again with the luminaire

on/off. If the luminaire was switched off at power failure, it also remains

off when the mains voltage is restored. For this reason, operation in

the TouchDIM mode is not suitable for centrally supplied emergency

lighting applications.

3.3 OSRAM DALI ECGs in emergency lighting applications

Due to the variety of emergency lighting control systems and applica-

tions, this topic cannot be described in detail in this primer.

The integration and testing of the complete emergency lighting sys-

tem acc. to VDE 0108 must always be conducted by the persons re-

sponsible for the overall system as the ECG is only one element of the

overall system. The VDE 0108 is a system standard and not an ECG

standard. There are special electronic control units on the market for

local emergency lighting applications with battery integrated in the lu-

minaire. The instructions described here for wiring and programming

the DALI controllers are based exclusively on central battery applica-

tions and, hence, on standard DALI controllers (ECGs).

QUICKTRONIC INTELLIGENT DALI ECGs are suitable for emergency

lighting systems based on VDE 0108. All OSRAM DALI controllers de-

tect emergency operation (system failure level) if there is an absence

of voltage on the DALI input (16V DC in normal operation). This func-

tion is part of the DALI standard and is supported by all vendors.

38

For emergency lighting/voltage loss13 in the DALI controllers two val-

ues can be configured/programmed separately for each unit (e.g. us-

ing the OSRAM DALI Luminaire Tool DLT).

• System failure level: Emergency operation (1…100 % light), de-

tected by switching off the control line

• Power on level: Light value after the mains voltage is restored

(1…100 % light)

The system failure level always has priority over the power on level,

especially when switching over (in the event of a brief power out-

age, emergency operation is therefore ensured). The factory setting

for both values is 100 % light.

Typical data for the QUICKTRONIC INTELLIGENT DALI family impor-

tant for emergency lighting systems are*:

Starting time of the lamp (max.) 0.6 s

Permissible voltage range (DC) 154…276 V

Min. voltage for lamp start (DC) 198 V

Permissible voltage range (AC) 198…264 V

Mains frequency 0, 50…60 Hz

Table 5: OSRAM ECG data for emergency operation of the lighting

system

*Further technical data of the respective ECG type can be found in the

corresponding datasheet or on our homepage at www.osram.com/qti.

The DALI or dimming function of the QTi DALI … DIM is identical in AC

and DC operation.

13 • During power outages < 200 ms, the light stays on (no light failure) because

the ECGs are not preheated again.

• During power outages > 200 ms, the ECGs go through the entire preheat-

ing cycle. The following applies to the QTi DALI/DIM and HF DIM family: The

starting time in HO lamps is 0.5 s and in HE lamps it is 0.7 s. DALI ECGs

require an additional 0.5 s for initialization

39

The use of OSRAM DALI electronic control gear in emergency lighting

management is explained in the following.

DA

~~

DA

Central battery system

X .

OSRAMDALIECG

~

DA

~

DA

12

34

12

34

X .

General luminaire lighting

Emergency luminaire lighting

ZB-S

Monitoring module

UU

00

LN

Dimmingbutton

DALIcontroller

NL

ININ

General UV lighting

Phasecontrol

DD

N

L

From HV

D1D2

D1D2

max. 1m

OSRAMDALIECG

1

3

2

4

Figure 21: Circuit example of the monitoring module and OSRAM

DALI ECGs in emergency lighting management

The monitoring module (2) enables individual monitoring and control

of the DALI ECGs (1).

The following applies for normal operation:

The OSRAM DALI ECG (1) emergency lighting is supplied with AC

voltage via the central battery system. All electronic control gear can

be dimmed as usual and are controlled by the DALI controller (3).

For maintenance functions (e.g. for servicing, caretaker switching) the

OSRAM DALI ECG (1) emergency lighting can be switched to 100 %

via the monitoring module (2), the commands of the DALI controller (3)

(e.g. dimmer setting) are ignored.

A difference is now made between two cases when switching the

lighting system into emergency operation:

3.3.1 Mains failure at the subdistributor (UV)

In accordance with VDE 0108 when AC mains is present at the central

battery system (CB) in emergency operation, the system must not be

switched to battery but the security luminaires (1) must be switched to

permanent light. The external DALI controller is ignored, the OSRAM

DALI ECG (1) emergency lighting is dimmed to 100 % by the monitor-

ing module (2) using a DALI instruction set.

40

3.3.2 Mains failure at the main distributor (HV)

The central battery system (CB) provides DC supply voltage. The ex-

ternal DALI controller (3) is ignored, the ECG is dimmed to a previously

defined value by the monitoring module (1), which is DC compatible,

via a DALI instruction set. The emergency lighting level is pre-speci-

fied. OSRAM DALI ECGs (1) can communicate DALI and, hence, be

individually dimmed by applying a DC voltage supply.

3.3.4 DC emergency operation of the lighting system without monitoring module

The DALI controller (3) is switched off with switchover to the emer-

gency operation of the lighting system. Through the absence of the

DALI voltage (approx. 16V DC that is always present during normal

operation on the terminals of the DALI controllers), the DALI control-

lers (4) detect that the "System Failure Level" must be set.

Note:

The "System Failure Level" has priority over the Power On Level, i.e.

if the DALI voltage is absent when applying the supply voltage to the

ECG, the System Failure Level will be set.

The "System Failure Level" can be configured individually for each

ECG – from 0…100 % light.

3.3.5 QTi DALI: Benefits in emergency lighting applications

• Unrestricted DALI communication to the ECG even in emergency

operation of the lighting system

• The luminous flux factor can be freely adjusted during battery

operation and, hence, matched to the illumination situation

• Efficient utilization of the battery capacity through reduced lumi-

nous flux maintenance

• Simple installation in the luminaire

• Use of DALI ECGs as emergency lighting ECGs with unrestricted

luminance flux reduction also possible without bus

3.4 OSRAM DALI LUMINAIRE TOOL (DLT)

The OSRAM DALI LUMINAIRE TOOL (OSRAM DLT) is a testing and

programming tool for luminaries with DALI controllers. All functions

(except for the individual OSRAM serial number Chip Identification

Number (CIN)) correspond to the DALI standard and are hence ven-

dor-independent.

41

The functions of the OSRAM DLT are:

• Luminaire function test (for production)

• Reading of all DALI parameters (e.g. in the event of complaints)

• Preprogramming of all DALI parameters (e.g. for projects)

• Reading and printing of the unique OSRAM operating unit ad-

dress (OSRAM-ID ! CIN (Chip Identification Number)) of each

QUICKTRONIC INTELLIGENT ECG and printing on barcode

(128-bit) for simplified system commissioning

o Placing the label on the luminaire

o Max. 4 ECGs in a luminaire

o Purpose/Advantage

- Simplified installation of a DALI system (no flashing, start-up

from outside)

- No predefined position of the luminaire (position defined with

ID in the luminaire plan)

- System integrator: Assignment of the ID to the position

Figure 22: Reading and printing of the unique OSRAM control unit

address on barcode

The following section of the software interface shows the DALI param-

eters that can be configured by the DLT. Special attention is drawn

here to the "System Failure Level" and "Power On Level" which come

into play for use in emergency lighting systems:

42

Figure 23: DALI parameters that can be changed by the DLT

3.5 Basic switching actions of 1…10 V control gear

The simplest type of light control can be realized via an appropriate

logarithmically-dimensioned potentiometer (available from the electri-

cal trade). Because the control power of the OSRAM DIM ECG is

generated by the ECG itself, the resistance value is dependent on the

number n of the connected ECG. It can be calculated according to

the formula:

n

kRPoti

log 100 Ω=

If the calculated value is not contained in the resistance table, a similar

value should be selected as otherwise full modulation of the lamps is

not possible (this overdimensioning may possibly lead to the fact that

the whole rotation angle of the potentiometer for the brightness con-

trol cannot be used). The potentiometer must be designed for at least

a power of PPotentiometer

= 2.8 mW · n.

A mains switch is also required for switching the lighting system. When

connecting the potentiometer, it is important to note that the full light-

ing level is reached by turning to the right. When connecting more

than 2 OSRAM DIM ECGs, it is recommended to use a DIM MCU

manual control. Detailed information on this can be found in the rel-

evant documentation (LMS portfolio, see www.osram.com/ecg-lms).

43

The following figure illustrates control via a potentiometer:

On/Offswitch

NL – +

NL

NL

NL

NL

–

–

–

+

+

+ 4

3

2

1

4321

4321

DIMM-ECGLamp

Lamp

Lamp

DIMM-ECG

DIMM-ECG

Potentiometer

R = 100 kΩ log. n

n: Number of connected ECGs

Figure 24: Potentiometer control of the 1…10 V interface

3.5.1 1…10 V: Staircase operating modes

As a basic principle, frequent switching is not ideal for fluores-

cent lamps and compact fluorescent lamps. Hence, bulbs are

still used in applications with extremely high switching frequen-

cy despite the high energy consumption. In staircase operation,

OSRAM DIM ECGs dim the light (1 % luminous flux) when it is not

required. This avoids unnecessary switching operations and saves

energy. Further benefits of the staircase circuit: Because the light is

not completely switched off, a certain amount of light still remains

available as an orientation light. When needed, the full light is im-

mediately present, without having to wait for a preheating period.

Typical applications of the standby circuit are all applications with high

operating cycles, such as staircase, hallway or underground car-

park, especially when the light is controlled with motion detectors or

timer switch.

3.5.1.1 Applications

a) Stairwell lighting timer switch

Here a special stairwell lighting timer switch (e.g. Siemens: Type 5TT1

303, see Siemens Catalog) provides the readiness switching of the

OSRAM DIM ECG. Functionality: The stairlight timer switch switches

on the OSRAM DIM ECG at the push of a button (100 % light). After

max. 10 min (time can be adjusted) the light is lowered to a prese-

lected level without intermediate stages. After a total of 30 min it is

switched off entirely. This 30-min cycle can be restarted at any time

by pressing a switch. Thus, the lamp-protecting mode is employed

in the evening hours when the staircase is used more frequently. The

light only switches between the dimmer settings, real switchings are

infrequent. At night, when the stairwell lighting is not required for pro-

longed periods, the remaining 13 % energy consumption are also still

stored at the lowest dimmer setting.

44

Figure 25: Stairwell lighting timer switch

b) Stairwell lighting timer switch and motion detector

Because the button engages the line voltage (L), it can be replaced by

a motion detector. Parallel switching with the switch is also possible.

Because the switch-on time is set on the stairwell lighting time switch,

the switch-on time of the motion detector can be set to a minimum.

Figure 26: Stairwell lighting timer switch and motion detector

45

3.5.1.2 Control via analog output

The external control with an analog output 0…10 V (e.g. PC card)

is basically possible. This control module must be capable of taking

the current supplied by the ECG in the control line and of reducing

the control voltage to at least 1 V. For that reason, however, the ana-

log output must fulfill two requirements: It must be potential-free and

may not therefore be connected galvanically with touchable parts or

circuits that are subject to SELV requirements (test voltage 2500 V,

the test voltage to grounded parts is 1500 V). The analog output can

operate as a current sink because it must take the control current of

the OSRAM DIM ECG. Mostly, it is not known whether and how much

current an analog output can take but assistance can always be pro-

vided by an interface circuit.

3.5.1.3 Interface circuit

In the case of up to three OSRAM DIM ECGs, it is recommended to

connect the control inputs of the ECG directly with the analog output

(e.g. PC card) and, in the case of four and more OSRAM DIM ECGs,

to interconnect a signal amplifier. Then start up the system, set the

control voltage to 0 V and check with a multimeter directly at the ana-

log output. If the measured value is less than 1 V, the situation is okay

and the system can be started. If the control voltage here is greater

than 1 V, the analog output cannot take enough current and an addi-

tional current sink is required in the form of a parallel switched resistor

R. The required value is determined as follows: At a default control

voltage of 0 V, a potentiometer (approx. 5 kΩ linear) is also set on the

analog output and a 1 V control voltage set with it. Disconnect the po-

tentiometer and measure the resistance value (must be greater than

680 Ω), provide and connect corresponding fixed resistor (construc-

tion form 0207, power rating 0.25 W, possibly next smaller resistance

value).

Analog output, e.g. PC

+

–

+

–

Dimm-ECG

+

–

+

–

InDIM SAsignal

amplifier

Out

if necessary

R

Figure 27: Control via PC

46

3.5.1.4 Control via instabus EIB

Dimmable ECG with 1…10 V interface can be easily integrated in

installations with the instabus EIB building control system. The link be-

tween EIB and the dimmable lighting system is a switching/dimming

actuator. A switching/dimming actuator is required for each lighting

group. The digital bus signal is converted by the switching/dimming

actuator into the analog 1…10 V control voltage for OSRAM DIM

ECGs. The ECG is switched on/off by an integrated relay contact.

Different functions can be parameterized: on, off, brighter, darker, as

well as a default defined control voltage. Sensors for daylight control

etc. are normally connected at the instabus level. Detailed information

is available from manufacturers of the instabus EIB.

3.6 Special wiring diagrams, tips and tricks

3.6.1 Temperature-dependent control

The recognized temperature problems in dimmed fluorescent lamps

can be resolved by a temperature-dependent lower limit of the dim-

mer setting.

The latest generation of the QTi DIM (as of the end of 2008) does this

automatically. For older versions, the following implementation ap-

plies:

The stability threshold (stable dimming operation at low temperatures

(< 10 °C)) depends greatly on the lamp tolerances. In control types

where the lamp starts at 100 % (e.g. stairwell switching), the tempera-

ture limit can be lower. Therefore, in an automatic control both the

response temperature and the control voltage should be adjustable.

The following circuit is recommended:

Main control unit

Aux. control unit approx. 4V, e.g. DIM MCU

Temperaturecontroller

++

+

–

––

1

2

Figure 28: Temperature-dependent control

47

The temperature controller can be a room temperature controller for

heating control, for example. The switching temperature (e.g. 0 °C)

should be as precisely adjustable as possible. The switch must be a

closer, i.e. must be closed at high temperatures. Such appliances are

offered with a bimetal contact (e.g. 2NR9 090-1, power supply not

required) or with a temperature sensor (e.g. 2NR9 078, power sup-

ply required). Any existing heating resistors for thermal feedback (RF)

or nighttime temperature reduction (NA) are not connected. The only

power supply line is the possibly required power supply. Depending

on the application, different protection types are necessary. Further

details are available from specialist personnel for heating and air han-

dling units.

3.6.2 Limitation of the control voltage

For certain applications, it is necessary to set an upper or lower limit

of the control voltage for the OSRAM DIM ECGs. Reasons for this can

include special lamp-ECG combinations and occurrence of flickering

at lower temperatures, for example.

a) Upper limit

The simplest option of dealing with this is the parallel switching of a

Zener diode with the corresponding value. For a limit of 7 V, for ex-

ample, a Zener diode with the nominal value of 7 V or a value close to

this must be used. (Zener diodes are available as the E24 series. The

type Bzx 55C xVx is recommended. For example, for xVx a value of

7V5 = 7.5 V must be taken. At least 20 ECGs can be controlled with

this type.) As a general rule, for parallel switching of several control

units the control unit with the lowest value applies as the default for

the OSRAM DIM ECG. This applies for all passive control units, i.e.

units that acts as a current sink.

DIMM-ECG

DIMM-ECG

–

Control unit

Other ECGs+–

+

–

+

–

+

Zener diode

Figure 29: Upper limit of the control voltage

48

b) Lower limit

An effective lower limit can be realized by a series connection of 2

control units. The sum of the two units is effective. With one unit,

the default control voltage of the other unit cannot be undercut. At-

tention: In a series connection, two control units (e.g. DIM MCU) is

the smallest achievable control voltage approx. 2 V (~= 4 % luminous

flux) connections must be realized according to the diagram.

Figure 30: Lower limit of the control voltage

3.6.3 Line length of the 1…10 V control line

The control line length is only limited by the drop in voltage. It can

generally be said that a line length of 100 m is completely noncritical.

For a more precise estimate, the following formula can be used:

For example, with 1.5 mm², strip of luminaires, supply at the begin-

ning:

Lmax

= 35 km/no. of ECGs

= 350 m for 100 ECGs

= 700 m for 50 ECGs

Systems of any size can be realized with DIM SA signal amplifiers.

3.6.4 1…10 V DIM ECG and emergency lighting

QUICKTRONIC DIM is suitable for emergency lighting systems in ac-

cordance with VDE 0108. If QUICKTRONIC® DIM are used in emer-

gency lighting systems, the control line should be disconnected by

suitable measures at the plus pole during emergency operation. Cor-

responding, simple-to-wire changeover converters that pass on a

presettable control voltage to the OSRAM DIM ECG, thereby enabling

battery-saving emergency lighting operation at less than 100 % lumi-

nous flux, are commercially available.

49

Figure 31: Emergency lighting with 1…10 V DIM ECG

It must be noted that some accessory components (e.g. DIM SA sig-

nal amplifiers) are not approved for battery operation. Therefore, it is

important to make sure that these components are never connected

to DC voltage. In this case the signal amplifier, for example, consti-

tutes a fixed resistance that is connected to the control line. The dim-

mer setting of an ECG is then around 20 %, and accordingly higher

for more than one.

3.7 Terminals/Cable cross-sections/Wire stripping lengths

For the combined terminals used in the QTi DALI/DIM for T5 and T8

fluorescent lamps, both solid lines as well as flexible lines are permis-

sible. The contacts of the terminal can be made at the top via a so-

called insulation displacement contact and via a plug contact (wire

stripping length 8.5-11 mm). Likewise for ECGs with push terminals

(HF DIM, QTi T/E DALI/DIM), both solid lines (wire stripping length

8.5-9.5 mm) and flexible lines are also permitted provided these are

tinned, ultrasound welded or fitted with wire-end sleeves.

50

3.7.1 Inserting and releasing the connection cables

Manual cabling of the insulation piercing connection device (above)

with the WAGO insertion tool, e.g. order number: 206-831

Figure 32: Wago insertion tool

Detachment of the contacts (below) with the WAGO 206-830

extraction tool.

1. Insert extraction tool into the line guide above the line2. Pull out line

Figure 33: Wago extraction tool

Alternatively, the plug contact can be released by simultaneous twist-

ing and pulling.

Release by twisting and pullingRelease by twisting and pulling or with the aid of the extraction tool, order no. 0206-0830

Figure 34: Removing the plug contact

The wire stripping lengths and wire cross-sections are printed on the

equipment.

51

3.7.2 Cable cross sections Single-wire conductor Multi-wire conductor

Insulation displacement contact

(IDC contact)

max. 0.5 mm² max. 0.75 mm²

Plug contact 0.5…1.0 mm² 0.5…1.0 mm²

(with wire-end sleeve)

Push terminal 0.5…1.5 mm² 0.5…1.5 mm²

(with wire-end sleeve)

Table 6: Typical cable cross sections of plug and insulation displace-

ment contacts

3.7.3 Basic insulation

IEC 61347 demands basic insulation between the control circuit and

mains supply for control inputs. The DALI standard (IEC 62386) is

related to this. Consequently, the DALI line is “only” basically insulated

and must be treated like the mains voltage for this reason as is the

1…10 V interface.

3.7.4 Lamp holders

The lamps must be mechanically secure and make contact in the

lamp sockets. The holders must be selected according to the type of

ECG/lamp used.

3.7.5 Master/slave circuit

(2-lamp ECG for the operation of 2 single luminaires) Master/slave op-

eration with multilamp dimmers is not permitted. This is because of

the capacitive leakage currents that can lead to imbalances, different

luminances and unstable operation in the dimmed state (flickering).

3.7.6 Minimum reflector gaps

The reflector must never rest on the lamp, otherwise this can lead to

vibrations and noise emissions. A minimum gap of 6 mm must be

maintained between the lamp and the reflector in all luminaires. If the

gap is less, this can lead to different brightnesses along the length of

the lamp due to the capacitive leakage currents. Flickering can also

occur.

52

3.8 Temperature response of dimmable ECGs from OSRAM

Permissible standard values for minimum ambient light tempera-

tures:

Lamp type Min. temperature

at 1 % (3 % CFL)

dimmer setting

Min. dimmer setting of

-20 °C to +10 °C

T8/26 mm lamp*** -20 °C* 1 %*

T5/16 mm lamp*

HE 14…35

HO 49

HO 24…80

+10 °C 60 %****

50 %

30 %

DULUX L* +10 °C 30 %

DULUX D/E, T/E, FC +10 °C** 50 %

Table 7

* Only with QTi…DIM ** 3…100 % *** L18 W, L36 W, L58 W, not

L70 W ****; The critical point from which the maintaining voltage

increases excessively for cold HO lamps lies just below the 30 % dim-

mer setting. For HE lamps, this point is reached at the same pow-

er density. Because of the 100 % power being approx. only half as

high, the dimmer setting is 60 % here. The HO49 lies between HE

14…35 W and HO 24…80 W/Dimming of the amalgam lamps T5 HO

CONSTANT (24 W, 39 W, 54 W, 80 W), CFL (DL CONSTANT 40 W,

55 W, 80 W and T/E IN PLUS 26 W, 32 W, 42 W, 57 W) is possible.

The temperature range of the luminaires can be expanded down-

wards by raising the lowest dimmer setting until the light has reached

a higher inner temperature, otherwise flickering or/and starting prob-

lems of the lamp can be expected. From the end of 2008 units do this

automatically.

3.8.1 Intelligent thermal management in hot luminaires

Intelligent thermal management enables operation in a wide ambient

temperature range through power reduction.

From the generation at the end of 2008, the QTi (DALI)…DIM ECG

from OSRAM include the feature of intelligent temperature regulation.

Features

• Notable increase in the light yield (lm/W) of hot luminaires

• Virtually no loss of luminous flux (lm) compared with uncontrolled

operation

• No reduction in the service life of the ECG within the control range

• Simplifies the safety approval of hot luminaires

• Relieves luminaire components

53

Note:

• Limits the tc temperature to < 80 °C (depending on installation con-

dition), but never switches the ECG due to excessive temperature

• Thermally problematic luminaires do not necessarily become stan-

dard conformant devices, even with these ECGs

• Power reduction is carried out up to 50 % of full load operation

Functionality

The ECG measures the ECG temperature once per minute. At the

selected limiting temperature it begins to reduce the power in order to

lower the temperature of the luminaire and to prevent the temperature

of the ECG from increasing further. The Tc temperature lies between

75 °C and 80 °C depending on installation conditions (e.g. heat cou-

pling into the ECG from top or bottom).

A reduction of the system power by 10 %-20 % at an ambient tem-

perature of 25 °C is sufficient in most cases even in hot luminaires,

however, only approx. 1 %-2 % light is lost because the level of ef-

ficiency of the system increases.

Dimming is always possible the temperature regulation may affect

the upper dimming level only significantly.

The regulation of the lamp power compensates the loss of light

output in hot luminaires.

Figure 35: Dimmable QTi ECG from OSRAM keep their tempera-

ture at the Tc measuring point constant within wide limits and

thereby also the temperature in the luminaire. As a result, both the

ECG and all other luminaire components are relieved.

!

0102030405060708090

100110120

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

Tc

tem

per

atu

re [

°C]

thermal management without limitation of the temperature

with thermal management

Abscissa: Luminaire ambient temperature [°C]

54

Figure 36: This is achieved by a reduction of the system power.

Figure 37: Even so the luminous flux of the luminaire hardly de-

creases because the level of efficiency of the system increases due

to the temperature limitation.

Figure 38: The clear rise in the relative light output shows that the

temperature limitation has a positive effect on the energy saving of

hot luminaires.

Measurements using an example of a narrow 2x80 W luminaire:

The precise scaling depends on the type of luminaire and the installa-

tion conditions of the ECG.

Ta [°C] Tc [°C] Telko [°C] Licht [%] Pn [W]

0 68 70 110 165 110 1105 73 75 115 165 115 115

7,5 75,5 77,5 116 165 11610 78 80 115,0 165,0 115,0 115,0 11515 78 80 109,5 152,9 106,5 109,7 11020 78 80 104,0 140,7 98,1 104,4 10525 78 80 98,5 128,6 89,6 99,1 10030 78 80 92,9 116,5 81,2 93,8 9535 78 80 87,4 104,3 72,7 88,5 9040 78 80 81,9 92,2 64,3 80,6 8545 78 80 76,4 80,1 55,8 71,8 8050 83 85 71,4 80,1 55,8 66,8 7555 88 90 66,4 80,1 61,80

102030405060708090

100110120

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

Rel

. ou

tpu

t [%

]




0102030405060708090

100110120

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

Rel

. lu

min

ou

s fl

ux

[%]




0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

Rel

. lig

ht

ou

tpu

t [%

]




55

Why are the light losses so small due to the temperature limitation?

Assuming a luminaire whose inside temperature (= lamp ambient

temperature) is to be lowered from 65 °C to 55 °C. A reduction of

the system power by 20 % is required for this. The diagram shows the

Φ(T) curves of T5 lamps for 100 % and 80 % system power.

During the transition from the 100 % curve to the 80 % curve and the

lowering of the lamp ambient temperature by 10 °C, the luminous

flux remains roughly the same.

Figure 39: Temperature regulation and relative luminous flux

QTi (DALI)…DIM never stop thinking: Instructions for the ther-

mal coupling of lamp and ECG

Temperature limitation is control engineering in the classical sense

and requires, therefore, a closed control loop: The lamps must be

able to heat the ECG. This is ensured when the ECG and lamps are

housed in the same luminaire space, separated by a reflector if neces-

sary.

If the ECG is mounted outside the luminaire, it cannot exploit the ben-

efits of the thermal managment.

(T) curves of T5 lamps

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Lamp ambient temperature [°C]

Rel

ativ

e lu

min

ou

s fl

ux

[%]

100 % system power

80 % system power

temperatureregulation

!

56

3.8.2 Color temperature

Between the maximum and minimum luminous flux of the lamp the

color temperature of the lamp changes – in a DULUX L this is approx.

150 Kelvin. Due to the great difference in luminance density, the color

difference appears to be visually considerably greater. As a result, the

subjective perception of the human eye does not reflect the objective

color temperature change. Directly after changeover from maximum

to minimum luminous flux, a temporary color displacement of up to

400 Kelvin occurs (displacement to the red end that decreases after

approx. 30-40 minutes to the color difference mentioned above (sta-

bilization phase)).

Figure 40: Color-phase diagram acc. to DIN 5033

Note:

Measurement of the most similar color temperature with greatly

dimmed lamps places the highest demands on the electronics and

receiver of the color measuring device. Incorrect valuations cannot be

excluded with conventional color measuring devices.

3.8.3 Outdoor applications

For applications out of doors a special OSRAM housing, the

“OUTKIT”, is available for protecting the ECG against humidity. It is

available for ECGs with a headroom of 30 mm or even 21 mm, in the

lengths of 360 mm and 423 mm. Details of this can be found in the

current light program. For outdoor applications the temperature range

of the system lamp-ECG should be examined in detail. In all outdoor

applications attention must be paid to sufficient mains quality (above

all, lightning protection) so that the ECGs are not damaged.

57

3.8.4 Functional test of luminaires

The dimmable QTi family from OSRAM (DALI and 1…10 V) gives in

the luminaire test (with 10 Ω filaments) the following power per lamp:

1-lamp/2-lamp (T5 and T8): 32 Watts

3-lamp/4-lamp (T5 and T8): 16 Watts

This function is independent of the deployment of the actual lamp.

For special applications/luminaires, the filament detection can be

switched off – details on request.

If the end test of the luminaire is carried out in TouchDIM mode,

note that the lamp must be dimmed to 100 % light before the discon-

nection of the luminaire from the mains supply . Only in this way is

it ensured that the light can also be switched on with the protection

(without control unit) (DALI standard) during installation of the lumi-

naire. If the luminaire was switched off via TouchDIM the luminaire

also remains off after a loss of voltage – the installer could mistakenly

assume a defective ECG in this case.

If the luminaire has mains voltage applied to it for the first time (without

control unit), it must be switched on with 100 % luminous flux (= DALI

factory setting). The changeover of DALI to TouchDIM mode or vice

versa, assumes a mains voltage failure of the ECG (safety interlock).

3.9 Dimming of amalgam lamps

Since the latest generation of OSRAM QTi DALI/DIM units from the

end of 2008, amalgam lamps (provided with red stamping ink) can

now also be dimmed without restriction.

Features

• Stable dimming operation down to 1 % (CFL 3 %)

• Considerably more light in a wide ambient temperature range

• 90 % luminous flux from 0 °C to +70 °C (temperature-dependent

cut-off)

• Reliable lamp ignition down to -20 °C

• Power boost stabilizes discharges in the “pink-phase"

• No service life reduction of lamp/ECG

lamp/ECG combinations

• T5: HO CONSTANT: 24 W, 39 W, 54 W, 80 W

Dimming range 1…100 %

• CFL: DULUX L CONSTANT 40 W, 55 W, 80 W


• CFL: DULUX T/E IN PLUS 26 W, 32 W, 42 W, 57 W


58

*) Not for flashing operation, dimming operation only possible within the scope of a

special release

Figure 41: ECG lamp combinations (amalgam lamps)

Functionality of QTi DALI/DIM: Power boost and amalgam

lamps

The amalgam releases just as much mercury as is required for the

discharge and, as a result, considerably decreases the luminous flux

at high or low temperatures. After a change of the operational mode,

however, it takes a number of minutes until the mercury balance is

discontinued again. If the lamp is switched off for a prolonged period

– no discharge and no mercury requirement – the amalgam collects

all the mercury. On a restart, therefore, there is initially a lack of

mercury which can be detected by the "pink phase“.

If the lamp is dimmed at the same time, its maintaining voltage can

rise to non permitted values and the discharge can become insta-

ble. Here the power boost of the QTi DALI/DIM comes into play: It

automatically increases the lamp power in order to lower the

lamp voltage and to stabilize the discharge phase. Then when

the amalgam has released enough mercury, the lamp power is au-

tomatically reduced again and the lamp can be dimmed nor-

mally.

Also in normal mercury lamps the power boost takes effect and

simplifies dimming during the ignition phase of the lamps as well as for

very low temperatures:

When there are instabilities in the lower dimming level, the Power

Boost regulation helps to stabilize the burning conditions.

T5 T5 T5 T5 CFL CFL CFL CFL CFL CFL CFL

HO

24

W C

ON

STA

NT

HO

39

W C

ON

STA

NT

HO

54

W C

ON

STA

NT

HO

80

W C

ON

STA

NT

DL

CO

NS

TAN

T

DL

CO

NS

TAN

T 5

5 W

DL

CO

NS

TAN

T 8

0 W

DT

/EIN

PLU

S

DT

/EIN

PLU

S

DT

/EIN

PLU

S

DT

/EIN

PLU

S

QTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 1x14/24 DIM xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 1x21/39 DIM x xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 1x28/54 DIM x xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 1x35/49/80 DIM x *)QTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 2x14/24 DIM xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 2x21/39 DIM x xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 2x28/54 DIM x xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 2x35/49/80 DIM x *)QTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 3x14/24 DIM xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) 4x14/24 DIM xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) - T/E 1x18-57 DIM x x x xQTi DALI / QTi (1…10 V) - T/E 2x18-42 DIM x x x

ECG

Lamp

40 W 26

W

32

W

42

W

57

W

!

59

Figure 42: Power boost and lamp start with HO 24 W CONSTANT

lamp

Functionality of QTi DALI/DIM: Relative luminous flux > 90 %

over an additional expanded temperature range from 0 °C to

+70 °C

Mercury T5 lamps reach their luminous flux optimum at an ambient

temperature of 35 °C – but only if their mercury household is not

influenced by additional electrode heating. The QTi DALI/DIM units,

therefore, have a cut-off, i.e. the electrode heating is switched

off when it is not needed.

It can be shown that, at low ambient temperatures, amalgam lamps

give off more light when the electrodes are heated somewhat.

At high temperatures, however, this effect is reversed. The QTi DALI/

DIM uses its internal temperature sensor in order to switch off

the electrode heating at a sufficiently high temperature.

This means a further increase of the luminous flux of cold amalgam

lamps is achieved: The temperature at which the luminous flux

falls below the 90 % line drops from +5 °C to 0 °C.

Power Boost HO24 CONSTANT

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Time [s]

EC

G p

ow

er [

W]

Rel

. lu

min

ou

s fl

ux

[%]

Neu!New!

60

Figure 43: QTi DALI/DIM: More luminous flux over an expanded tem-

perature range

Lamp type Min.

temperature at

1 % (3 % CFL)

dimmer setting

Min.

dimmer setting of -20 °C to

+10 °C

T5, CFL* +10 °C 30 %

Table 8: *Amalgam lamps, T5 HO CONSTANT (24 W, 39 W, 54 W, 80 W),

CFL (DL CONSTANT 40 W, 55 W, 80 W)

Attention: For T/E IN PLUS 26 W, 32 W, 42 W, 57 W a dimmer setting

of 50 % min. applies at -20 °C.

3.9.1 Dynamic dimming procedures with amalgam lamps

The frequency of dimmer setting changes is primarily limited by the

inertia of the control input, a passage of the dimming range takes ap-

prox. 200 ms for 1…10 V, and approx. 50 ms for DALI. Thus, rapid

flashing blurs to a middle dimmer setting. At 10 Hz, this effect is al-

ready particularly visible at 1…10 V. No damage to the lamp is to be

expected. A dimming process every 2 s is possible without any prob-

lem.

(T) curves of T5 lamps

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Lamp ambient [°C]

Rel

ativ

e lu

min

ou

s fl

ux

[%]

-- 90% -- T5 Standard -- T5 C ONSTAN T -- T5 C ONSTAN T

of dimmable standard ECGof QTI DALI/DIM

61

3.9.2 Benefits of amalgam technology

Note:

Dimming of amalgam lamps is also suitable for outdoor applications.

Sufficient attention should be paid that the ECG is protected against

external influences (IP67).

Figure 44: Relative luminous flux against ambient temperature in the

luminaire of T5 standard and T5 HO CONSTANT lamps

Figure 45: More light from new luminaires thanks to amalgam tech-

nology

62

Note:

• Amalgam and mercury lamps must never be mixed in multilamp

ECGs because the power increase available in amalgam lamps

would lead to a vigorous overshooting of the light in a mercury

lamp. In addition, the synchronization in the lower dimming range

would be poor.

• No release: Dimming of a T5 amalgam lamp with predecessor

units up to the end of 2008 (DALI and 1…10 V):

•• For dimmer settings below 30 %, the following applies:

- Voltage peaks arise through unwanted controller oscillations14

- Unfavorable operating condition leads to lamp flickering and a

reduction of the lamp service life

•• Recommendation: Dimming of amalgam lamps is possible,

but this is not released by OSRAM. Burning-in of the lamps

at 100 % luminous flux after each restart for approx.

2-3 minutes, then dimming. In principle, however, dimming of

T5 amalgam lamps with predecessor units is not recommended

for the reasons mentioned above.

14 Oscillations – typically in the lower third of the dimming range – can develop

when fluorescent bulbs with electronic control gear are dimmed, which are

caused by the interaction of lamp characteristic, lamp time constants, resonant

circuit and control.

63

4 System energy consumption

and dimmer setting

Because there is a largely linear relationship between the power

consumption of the DALI/DIM systems (lamp and ECG) and the dim-

mer setting, the power consumption PN(d) can be calculated for

each dimmer setting d (in percent) from the values PN100 % (100 %

nominal power, PN = Power Nominal) and PN1 % (nominal power of

1 %) (depending on ECG lamp combination, available on request):

Figure 46: Linear relationship, dimmer setting and energy consump-

tion system

%)1(%99

%1%100%1)( d

PNPNPNdPN

Luminous flux

Ene

rgy

cons

umpt

ion

(sys

tem

)

4-10 %

50 %

80 %

100 %

1 % 100 %

Consumption

Savings

Additional savings

Reduction of the new value in acc. with EN12464

(1/3 own consumption + 2/3 lamp heating)

64

Figure 47: Range of lamps with an ECG, www.osram.com/qti

With the new CFL MULTI lamp ECGs, DULUX T/E 18 W as well as T/E

57 W can be operated on one ECG. All 2-lamp downlights for 2x18,

2x26, 2x32 and 2x42 W can be fitted with only one 2-lamp QTi DIM

ECG.

Optionally, with DALI/TouchDIM or TouchDIM Sensor interface can be

ordered15. The user can continuously adjust the required lighting level

by dimming.

Figure 48: The QTi T/E DALI system

15 Operation with a 1…10 V interface is also possible (QTi-T/E 1x18-57 DIM and

QTi-T/E 2x18-42 DIM)

FC 22WFC 40 W

DULUX D/E 18W

DULUX D/E 26W

DULUX T/E 18W

DULUX T/E 26W (IN)

DULUX T/E 32W(IN)

DULUX T/E 42W(IN)

DULUX T/E 57W(IN)

Radio receiver

DALI MCU

Remote switch without battery

5 Dimming of compact fluores-

cent lamps

65

5.1 Unique features of the new OSRAM CFL ECG

• Up to 12 lamp types can be operated on 1-lamp ECG

DULUX D/E 18 W, DULUX T/E 18 W 2

DULUX D/E 26 W, DULUX T/E 26 W )

+ DULUX T/E 26 W IN (amalgam) 3

DULUX T/E 32 W, DULUX T/E 32 W IN (amalgam) 2

DULUX T/E 42 W DULUX T/E 32 W IN (amalgam) 2

DULUX T/E 57 W IN (amalgam) 1

FC 22 W 1

FC 40 W 1

Σ = 12 lamps

• For the first time, DULUX IN (amalgam) can also be operated on

the DIM ECG

• Halving of the range of ECG products from 4 to 2 types of ECG

• Lamp starting with optimized filament preheating inside 0.6 s

• 2-lamp ECGs now as small as 1-lamp ECGs (K3 housing)

• Dimming range 3…100 % luminous flux

• DALI and TouchDim interface can be operated in an ECG, e.g. on

DALI dimmer or TouchDim sensor

• Highest energy efficiency thanks to cutoff technology

• Automatic safety shutdown on lamp defect and at the end of the

lamp life (EoL T2)

• Optional cable clamps for snapping into the housing

Figure 49: Principle Optional cable clamps for snapping into the

housing

66

Numerous applications in the downlight sector can be covered by

one luminaire type in combination with the new QTi T/E DALI/DIM

generation from OSRAM. Thus, for example, it is possible to design

the lighting of a building with different room heights and different

luminaire installation locations (e.g. corridors, foyers etc.) so they are

simple and flexible to dim. Thus, several “lumen packages" are pos-

sible for each room. Due to optimized filament preheating, the lamp

starts inside 0.6 seconds which means the user does not have to

accept unnecessary waiting periods after switching on.

The intelligent QTi T/E DALI/DIM units automatically adjust the fila-

ment preheating for very low temperatures. Thus, amalgam lamps

can be operated in a stable way.

Intelligent power reduction at excessive temperatures ensures a

high service life and reliable operation.

Figure 50: QTi T/E 2x26-42 W DALI/DIM: Realizable in a single lumi-

naire

67

The “DALI" workgroup was set up in 1999 under the auspices of the

ZVEI (the German Central Association of Electrical Engineering and

the Electrical Industry) with the aim of establishing this new standard

on the market. All the leading manufacturers of ECGs and controllers

are represented in this Activity group so they can develop and market

their products in accordance with the requirements of the DALI stan-

dard. The AG DALI is an open community that any company can join

for a modest annual fee.

The AG DALI has published a “DALI Handbook” and various other in-

formation brochures that can be downloaded from their home page.

See: www.dali-ag.org

Contact address:

Activity Group DALI

des ZVEI e.V., Fachverband Elektroleuchten

Lyonerstr. 9

D-60528 Frankfurt am Main

Tel.: +49 (0)69 63 02-0

Fax: +49 (0)69 63 02-317

Email: [email protected]

6 The Activity Group DALI

(AG DALI)

68

QUICKTRONIC® INTELLIGENT DALI DIM for compact fluores-

cent lamps

Ordering designation according to lamp type: QTi DALI-T/E …

DIM

• Intelligent ECG with DALI interface according to IEC 60929

• Compact fluorescent lamps, OSRAM DULUX® T/E 18, 26, 32,

42 W and OSRAM DULUX®

T/E IN 26, 32, 42 (57) W (amalgam lamps) from 3 % to 100 % can

be dimmed without any restriction

• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.6 seconds without switch-on flash

• Manual dimming operation (TouchDIM ) without any control gear

with standard installation switches, incl. memory function (double-

click) and soft start

• Service life: 50,000 h at maximum thermal load (tc = 75 °C, max.

10 % failure)

• Effective excess temperature protection of the dimming ECG

through intelligent power reduction at high tc temperatures

• 5-year system+ guarantee:

For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault, a

replacement is available

• CELMA energy classification EEI = A1

• Maximum energy efficiency thanks to cut-off technology

• EoL shutdown acc. to EN/IEC 61347-2-3 Section 17

• For use in emergency lighting systems acc. to EN 50172 / DIN VDE

0108-100

• Configurable emergency current features, adjustable light value

without control signal between 100 % and 3 % luminous flux

• Test mark: ENEC, VDE, EMC

• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,

EN 61000-3-3

QUICKTRONIC® INTELLIGENT DALI DIM for T5/Ø 16 mm fluo-

rescent lamps

Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi DALI … DIM


• Operation of T5/Ø 16 mm fluorescent lamps of same length in a

luminaire for the flexible adaptation of the lighting level

• Unrestrictedly dimmable from 1 % to 100 %

• Max. dimming speed for dynamic RGB color light applications of

5 ms, from 1 % to 100 % through optimized regulation of the fila-

ment preheating

• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.5 seconds without switch-on flash

• Manual dimming operation (TouchDIM) without any control gear

with standard installation buttons, incl. memory function (double-


• Service life: 50,000 h at maximum thermal load (tc = 75 °C, max. 10

% failure)


7 Tender documents

69









0108-100

• Configurable emergency current features

• Light value without control signal adjustable between 100 % and

1 % luminous flux


• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,

EN 61000-3-3

QUICKTRONIC® INTELLIGENT DALI DIM for T8/Ø 26 mm fluo-

rescent lamps

Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi DALI … DIM


• Commercial T8/Ø 26 mm fluorescent lamps unrestrictedly dim-

mable from 1 % to 100 %



ment preheating

• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.5 seconds without switch-on

flash

• Manual dimming operation (TouchDIM ) without any control gear




10 % failure)










0108-100

• Configurable emergency current features, light value without con-

trol signal adjustable between 100 % and 1 % luminous flux


• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,

EN 61000-3-3

70

QUICKTRONIC® INTELLIGENT DIM (1…10 V) for compact fluo-

rescent lamps

Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi-T/E…DIM

• Intelligent ECG with 1…10 V interface acc. to IEC 60929

• OSRAM DULUX compact fluorescent lamps® T/E 18, 26, 32, 42 W

and OSRAM DULUX® T/E IN 26, 32, 42 (57) W (amalgam lamps)

unrestrictedly dimmable from 3 % to 100 %


flash


10 % failure)










0108-100


• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,

EN 61000-3-3

• Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi-T/E…DIM

QUICKTRONIC® INTELLIGENT DIM (1…10 V) for T5/Ø 16 mm

fluorescent lamps

Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi … DIM


• Operation of T5 fluorescent lamps of the same length in a luminaire

for the flexible adaptation of the light level




ment preheating


flash





10 % failure)

• 5-year system+ guarantee

For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault,

a replacement is available



71



0108-100


• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,

EN 61000-3-3

QUICKTRONIC® INTELLIGENT DIM (1…10 V) for T8/Ø 26 mm

fluorescent lamps

Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi … DIM


• Commercial T8/Ø 26 mm fluorescent lamps unrestrictedly dim-

mable from 1 % to 100 %




ment preheating


flash





10 % failure)


For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault,

a replacement is available





0108-100


• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,

EN 61000-3-3

72

8.1 DALI part

8.1.1 TouchDIM

• Can the TouchDIM function and a DALI controller be used at

the same time?

No. Either a DALI controller or the TouchDIM function! TouchDIM

and DALI operation are mutually exclusive.

• How do the ECGs behave after a mains voltage failure?

The DALI ECG of the QTi series automatically reestablish the previ-

ous status. Both the switching status (on/off) and the dimmer set-

ting are taken into account here.

• Can devices that do not run synchronously be synchronized

again?

Yes. The procedure is as follows:

Press switch for long period (> 3 s) (all ECGs on).

Press switch for short period (all ECGs are switched off).

Press switch for long period (all ECGs switch on with minimum

dimmer setting and then fade up) ! Long – short – long

• Is it also possible to connect more than one DALI ECGs to a

switch?

Up to 6 ECGs can be controlled by one switch, the number of con-

trol sections is limited to 2. With one DALI repeater, up to 64 DALI

ECGs can be operated in TouchDIM mode.

• How long should the cable be between the switch and the

ECG?

The line length should not exceed 25 meters. In the case of longer

lines, additional measures must be taken in order to suppress in-

terference (e.g. bell transformer).

• Which switches can be used?

All button can be used that are suitable for mains voltage, but no

button with glow lamps.

• Does TouchDIM only work with 230 V AC voltage?

No, TouchDIM control is possible with AC voltages between 10 V

and 230 V (effective value!).

• Can I also use DC voltage for TouchDIM?

No, it must be AC voltage with a frequency between 46 and

66 Hz.

8 Frequently asked questions

(FAQ)

73

• Can a TouchDIM system be upgraded with a DALI control-

ler?

Yes, an upgrade is possible at any time. Changeover of the DALI

ECGs from TouchDIM to DALI takes place automatically after a

power outage on the ECG when the first DALI command is sent.

TouchDIM and DALI control cannot be used at the same time!

• Can the motion function of the TouchDIM sensor be

switched off (holiday mode)?

Yes, the so-called "holiday mode" prevents the lighting system be-

ing switched on by the motion sensor. It is activated by double-

clicking on the switch if the light has not been manually dimmed in

the previous 30 seconds. The motion function is active again if the

luminaire is switched on manually at the switch.

8.1.2 DALI in general

• Do the ECGs have to be addressed in DALI?

No, it can also function without addressing (broadcast mode).

• What is the difference between DSI and DALI?

DSI is a corporate solution, not a general standard like DALI. DSI

does not allow digital addressing so it is not possible to form

groups freely or check individual lamps for faults! Groups have to

be formed by wiring as well as in the case of 1…10 V systems.

• Does attention have to be paid to the group arrangement in

DALI when wiring the system?

No, the groups are generally assigned (addressed) when the sys-

tem is started up.

• Does attention have to be paid to the polarity of the DALI

control line?

When OSRAM DALI control gear is used there is no need to worry

about polarity.

• How can DALI ECGs be addressed?

They can be addressed individually, in groups or all together.

• Can I get feedback messages from DALI ECGs?

Yes, all device settings as well as the device status, such as lamp

faults, can be checked.

74

• Can a DALI ECG belong to more than one group at the same

time?

Yes. Each DALI controller can belong to up to 16 groups.

• Where are the data for the group assignments and light

scene values stored?

They are stored directly in the internal EEPROM of the ECG.

• Are the data in the ECG lost if there is a power failure?

No, the data are permanently stored in the ECG. They are retained

even if the power failure is prolonged.

• What happens if an ECG fails?

The ECG simply has to be replaced and adjusted to the appropri-

ate settings (the procedure depends on the control unit).

• What happens if a control unit is faulty?

If the DALI interface voltage is lost, all ECGs take on the so-called

"system failure level" (ECG factory setting: 100 % light).

• Can DALI be integrated in superordinate building manage-

ment systems (e.g. EIB or LON)?

Yes, by using gateways or control units with the appropriate inter-

face.

• Is DALI a competitor to EIB or LON?

No, DALI is only a subsystem of the building management system

for controling the lighting.

• Can 1…10 V components also be incorporated in a DALI

lighting control system?

Yes, by using DALI to 1…10 V converters.

• Can existing 1…10 V lighting systems be upgraded with a

DALI controller?

Yes, a DALI to 1…10 V converter is needed for each 1…10 V lumi-

naire group (e.g. DALI CON 1…10 SO).

• Can the wiring of the DALI ECG be checked on a building

site?

This depends on the control unit used. DALI ECGs that are still in

their factory setting always produce 100 % light when the mains

voltage (with protection) is applied.

75

• What insulation is required for the DALI control line?

The DALI control line must be approved for mains voltage (as in the

case of the 1…10 V interface).

• Can existing 1…10 V control lines be used?

Yes, provided they are rated for mains voltage.

• How long can a control line be?

A maximum of 300 m between the controller and the furthest con-

nected DALI unit.

• Can control and power cables be laid together?

Yes, a 5 x 1.5 mm2 NYM cable can be used, for example.

• What line cross section must the control line have?

Up to 100 m: min. 0.5 mm2/from 100 m to 150 m: 1.0 mm2/from

150 m: 1.5 mm2.

• Can any company develop a DALI controller or DALI ECG?

Yes, there are no restrictions except that the DALI logo

may only be used by members of the DALI Activity Group.

See also http://www.dali-ag.org/.

• What happens if I use DALI ECGs from different manufactur-

ers in the same system?

The controllers are DALI-compatible if they carry the DALI logo. It is

important to note, however, as in 1…10 V technology, ECGs from

different manufacturers can result in different filament preheating

times and different lamp starting times.

• Can controllers from different manufacturers be combined?

No, DALI ECGs are interchangeable, but the control components

cannot normally be combined.

• Is it possible to limit the maximum and minimum luminous

flux?

Yes, these values can be changed/limited with the appropriate

controller in the ECG.

76

8.1.3 DALI to 1…10 V converter

• Is it possible to switch and dim

with DALI to 1…10 V converters?

Yes, with the converter both are possible.

• Can the converter also offer the TouchDim function?

Yes, the converter behaves like a DALI ECG here in TouchDIM-

mode 1.

• Why does the converter have characteristic changeover?

So that it is possible to compensate for the different behaviours

of incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. You should there-

fore choose between the linear characteristic (incandescent lamps)

and the logarithmic characteristic (fluorescent lamps) depending on

whether the converter is operating a fluorescent lamp ECG or a

dimmer for incandescent lamps).

8.1.4 Troubleshooting TouchDIM mode

Before you start troubleshooting, please check each time that the

controller is wired according to the operating manual and that the cor-

responding power supply is on. In the case of luminaires, please also

check the light sources and replace if necessary.

• The ECG are not reacting as expected to switch operations.

If the button was pressed too long (> 1 second), the lamp starts

at the lowest dimmer setting which may be difficult to see in bright

ambient surroundings.

• Individual luminaires have a different brightness level and

conflict with one another.

→ Manual synchronization of the system:

Long button (>3 s) press (all lamps on).

Short button press (all lamps are switched off).

Long button press (all lamps switch on at minimum dimmer setting

and dim upwards).

• The ECGs react without any button being pressed.

1. The line between button and luminaire (ECG) is possibly too

long.

2. A button with glow lamp was used which is not permissible.

• The motion detection function of the TouchDIM sensor is

not working.

1. The luminaire was switched off by double-clicking the switch

and this has deactivated the motion detection function (holiday

mode)

77

2. The available daylight is sufficiently bright. Cover the sensor and

observe the response of the luminaire.

3. The motion detection is deactivated for 30 s after the lighting

system has been switched off manually. This time will only expire

if there are no more people in the detection zone.

• The luminaire is not regulating its the brightness to the set-

point value

1. After setting the brightness, you must press the button twice

inside 30 s (to store the setpoint value). If you press the button

later than that, the holiday mode will be activated.

2. The dimming was carried out manually – this deactivates the

brightness control. Switch the luminaire off and on again.

3. No setpoint value has been stored.

Set the required light value and double-click to store it.

• Holiday mode cannot be activated.

The brightness level has been changed within the past 30 seconds

– holiday mode can only be activated after this time.

8.1.5 Troubleshooting DALI controllers

• The ECGs are not reacting to commands from the controller?

Please check the wiring where approx. 16 VDC

should be applied to

the DALI terminals of the ECG.

8.1.6 DALI to 1…10 V converter

• Not all lighting strips can be switched off.

Please check that the power supply of the relevant lighting group

has been routed via the load contact of the respective converter.

8.2 1…10 V DIM ECG part

• How long can the 1…10 V control line be?

The maximum permissible length of the control line is 100 m (also

applies to the DALI control line). (Note: Due to the low control cur-

rent, a drop in voltage is only noticeable on the control line after

approx. 300-400 m)

• What line cross section should the 1…10 V control line

have?

1.5 mm² is recommended as the cross section. The insulation of

the line used must be designed for mains voltage.

78

• Can control and supply lines be laid together?

Yes, control and supply lines can be laid together (VDE 0100 520

Section 528.11). The following points must be noted:

•• The lines used must comply with the maximum operating volt-

age that occurs. (VDE 0100/11.85, T520 Section 528.11)

•• When laying core lines in installation ducts or channels, only the

conductor of a main current circuit, including the associated

auxiliary circuits, may be laid.

•• Also a number of main current circuits, including the associated

auxiliary circuits, can be laid in one line. (VDE 0100/11.85, T520

Section 528.11)

• How can permanently selected lighting levels be controlled

simply and economically?

A simple control for preset lighting levels with 100 % or 1 % lumi-

nous flux and several values lying between is possible with fixed

resistors or Zener diodes.

• Can 1…10 V dimmable ECGs from OSRAM be used for emer-

gency lighting?

Yes, but the use of dimmable ECGs in systems for emergency light-

ing is associated with additional expense. Components such as

signal amplifiers, ICM 10 or the light constant holding module would

be destroyed by supplying them with DC voltage. This means that,

in the case of switching over to a DC voltage supply, these compo-

nents must be disconnected from the mains supply.

• Can compact fluorescent lamps with a 2-pin base be

dimmed?

No, ECG operation of 2-pin lamps is not generally allowed. The

glow igniter integrated in the base can lead to problems such as

poor, unreliable ignition, reduced lamp service life or destruction

of the ECG. Here additional heating of the lamp electrodes is not

possible in dimmed operation which would lead to a significantly

reduced lamp service life. Basically, only 4-pin base lamps with the

designation /E (e.g. DULUX S/E, D/E, T/E) can be operated on the

ECG and dimmed with this.

• Does continuous operation in the lowest dimmer setting

have an effect on the service life of fluorescent lamps?

Long-term operation of fluorescent lamps and ECG from

OSRAM in the dimmed state has no negative influence on the ser-

vice life of the lamp.

79

8.2.1 Troubleshooting 1…10 V

• Lamp does not burn with 100 % luminous flux

The control line is not connected or not correctly connected to the

control unit, or the control unit is not a sufficiently good current sink

and, hence, cannot reduce the control voltage.

Check the wiring. Check that the control voltage is reduced while

dimming and, if necessary, install a parallel resistor in the control

line.

Also one or more control inputs may be pole reversed:

•• Disconnect control unit

•• Subdivide control circuit

•• Further subdivide control circuit

• Lamp always burn at minimum brightness

+ and - connectors of the control line are reversed, or short circuit

in the control line.

Connect lines with correct polarity, check wiring

• The lamp does not show the required luminous flux when

controlled with potentiometers or fixed resistors.

Potentiometers or resistors are wrongly dimensioned. Check the

values

• Insufficient brightness along the lamp

Spacing of the reflector to the lamp is too small, capacitive dis-

charge currents occur.

Increase gap between the reflector and the lamp

• Synchronous lamp flickering

Fault is outside the dimming system, e.g. N conductor disconnec-

tion, control voltage not OK

Check N conductor connection and control unit

80

9.1 Starting currents and max. number of ECGs in automatic cutouts

Figure 51: Starting currents and max. number of ECGs in automatic

cutouts (B characteristic), measurement at UN = 230 V

AC

9.1.1 Minimum B/C characteristic triggering levels

The minimum triggering levels increase from B to C characteristic by

the factor = 1.67, i.e. not quite a factor of 2. At the same time, how-

ever, the total current must not exceed the value of the automatic

cutouts.

9 Appendix

81

9.2 DALI fade time and fade rate

The fade time can be set to any of 16 different steps (0 to 15) and

denotes the fade time to go from one scene to another (room lighting

states). The fade rate, which can also be set to any of 16 settings,

is the number of fade steps per second and acts on the speed with

which the lighting is faded up or down manually.

Setting FADE TIME (s) FADE RATE (steps/s)

0 <0.7 Not possible

1 0.7 357.8

2 1.0 253.0

3 1.4 178.9

4 2.0 126.5

5 2.8 89.5

6 4.0 63.3

7 5.7 44.7

8 8.0 31.6

9 11.3 22.4

10 16.0 15.8

11 22.6 11.2

12 32.0 7.9

13 45.3 5.6

14 64.0 3.9

15 90.5 2.8

Table 9: Fade time and fade rate of dimmable OSRAM DALI control-

lers

9.3 Lamp wiring

Figure 52: QTi DALI/DIM 1x: lines 26 and 27 max. length of 1 m

82

Figure 53: QTi DALI/DIM 2x: lines 24, 25 and 26, 27 max. length of

1 m

Figure 54: QTi DALI/DIM 3x

Figure 55: QTi DALI/DIM 4x

83

Figure 56: HF DIM 1x: lines 26 and 27 max. length of 1.5 m

Figure 57: HF DIM 2x: lines 24, 25 and 26, 27 max. length of 1.5 m

84

9.4 Operating parameters of the ECG lamp combinations

UnitLamps Umin-max 1) Ubatt min-max KHz ECG 2) Nominal

current [A] 3)

Lambda W system 3) ln 3)

QTi DALI 1x14/24 DIMQTi 1x14/24 DIM

1xHE141xHO241xDL24 198…264 154…276 53…120

0.080.120.12

0.960.980.98

172727

1x12001x17501x1800


1xHE211xHO391xDL40 198…264 154…276 44…120

0.110.200.20

0.960.980.98

244444

1x19001x31001x3500


1xHE281xHO541xDL55 198…264 154…276 44…120

0.140.270.27

0.970.990.99

316060

1x26001x44501x4800

QTi DALI 1x35/49/80 DIMQTi 1x35/49/80 DIM

1xHE351xHO491xHO80 198…264 154…276 44…120

0.180.240.38

0.960.980.99

395487

1x33001x43001x6150


2xHE142xHO242xDL24 198…264 154…276 53…120

0.150.240.24

0.960.960.96

345454

2x12002x17502x1800


2xHE212xHO392xDL40 198…264 154…276 44…120

0.220.390.39

0.960.960.97

488888

2x19002x31002x3500


2xHE282xHO542xDL55 198…264 154…276 44…120

0.280.540.54

0.970.980.98

62121121

2x26002x44502x4800


2xHE352xHO49 198…264 154…276 44…120

0.360.48

0.950.97

78108

2x33002x4300

QTi DALI 2x35/49/80 DIMQTi 2x35/49/80 DIM

2xHO802xHO492xHE35 198…264 154…276 44…120

0.780.480.36

0.980.970.95

17510878

2x61502x43002x 3300


3xHE143xHO243xDL24 198…264 154…276 53…120

0.200.320.32

0.970.990.99

457373

3x12003x17503x1800


3xHE143xHO243xDL24 198…264 154…276 53…120

0.270.430.43

0.970.990.99

609898

4x12004x17504x1800

QTi DALI 1x18 DIMQTi 1x18 DIM

1xL181xDL18 198…264 154…276 51…120

0.090.09

0.970.97

1919

1x13501x1350


1xL361xDL36 198…264 154…276 48…120

0.160.16

0.990.99

3535

1x33501x2900


1xL58198…264 154…276 46…120

0.24 0.99 55 1x5200


2xL182xDL18

198…264 154…276 51…120 0.170.17

0.960.96

3838

2x13502x1350


2xL362xDL36

198…264 154…276 48…120 0.310.31

0.980.98

7070

2x33502x2900


2xL58 198…264 154…276 46…120 0.49 0.98 110 2x5200

HF 1x18/230-240 DIM 1xL18 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.09 0.95 19 1x1300

HF 1x36/230-240 DIM 1xL36 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.17 0.97 36 1x3200

HF 1x58/230-240 DIM 1xL58 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.25 0.98 56 1x5000

HF 2x18/230-240 DIM 2xL18 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.17 0.97 36 2x1300

HF 2x36/230-240 DIM 2xL36 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.31 0.99 71 2x3200

HF 2x58/230-240 DIM 2xL58 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.48 0.99 111 2x5000

QTi DALI-T/E 1x18-57 DIMQTi-T/E 1x18-57 DIM

1xT/E181xT/E261xT/E321xT/E421xT/E57 198…264 154…276 42…130

0.090.130.160.210.27

0.950.970.980.990.99

2027394762

1x12001x18001x24001x32001x4300

QTi DALI-T/E 2x18-42 DIMQTi-T/E 2x18-42 DIM

1xT/E181xT/E261xT/E321xT/E42 198…264 154…276 42…140

0.170.250.300.39

0.950.980.990.99

35566890

2x12002x18002x24002x3200

1) AC mains voltage

2) Lamp-dependent values

3) At 100 % luminous flux

Table 10: Operating parameters of ECG lamp combinations

85

9.5 Energy classifications

In accordance with the CELMA classification scheme, the following

classes to which the typical controllers belong are available:

• Class A1: Dimmable electronic control gear

• Class A2: Electronic control gear with reduced losses

• Class A3: Electronic control gear (ECGs)

• Class B1: Magnetic control gear with very low losses

• Class B2: Magnetic control gear with low losses

• Class C: Magnetic control gear with moderate losses

• Class D: Magnetic control gear with very high losses

Dimmable ECGs are classified as A1 if they meet the following re-

quirements:

• At a light power setting of 100 %, the ECG meets at least the re-

quirements according to A3 (OSRAM DIM ECG meet A2)

• At a light power setting of 25 %, the total power is the same or less

than 50 % of the power at the 100 % light power setting

• The ECG must be capable of reducing the light power to 10 % or

less of the maximum power

86

9.6 The DALI standard (IEC 62386) at a glance

• Each controller must fulfill Part 102.

• A controller can belong to a number of different device types (Part

100, 200, 300).

• Specific commands and features are defined and described in

Parts 2xx.

Table 11: IEC 62386 at a glance

87

Index

A

Activity Group DALI ...................................................................... 67

Added-value through intelligent features ....................................... 29

Additional OSRAM function .......................................................... 32

Asynchronism............................................................................... 36

Automatic cutouts ........................................................................ 80

Automatic lamp detection ............................................................. 29

B

Basic insulation ............................................................................ 11

Block diagram ................................................................................ 7

Burning-in instructions/Cable insulation ........................................ 11

C

CFL MULTI lamp ECGs .................................................................64

Characteristics of the 1…10 V interface ........................................ 26

Chip identification number ............................................................ 30

Cold spot ..................................................................................... 18

Color-phase diagram acc. to DIN 5033 ........................................ 56

Comparison between 1...10 V and DALI ......................................... 9

Compensation methods ............................................................... 31

Compensation of interferences ..................................................... 32

Control line length ........................................................................ 48

Control via PC .............................................................................. 45

Cross section of the power cable ................................................. 20

D

DALI dimming curve ..................................................................... 24

DALI installation & features ........................................................... 10

DALI topology .............................................................................. 19

Damping of the line ...................................................................... 33

Data coding.................................................................................. 25

Digital “smoothing” ....................................................................... 24

Dimmer setting and energy consumption system ......................... 63

Dimming of amalgam lamps ......................................................... 57

DIN VDE 0100/11.85, T 520 ......................................................... 12

Disconnection of the data line....................................................... 26

E

ECG and control unit manufacturers ............................................. 67

Economy ........................................................................................ 4

EEPROM ...................................................................................... 30

EIB/LON ......................................................................................... 8

Emergency lighting control systems and applications ................... 37

EoL shutdown after Test 2 ............................................................ 30

External control with an analog output .......................................... 45

88

F

Fade time and fade rate ............................................................... 81

Feedback control and relative luminous flux .................................. 55

Filament preheating ...................................................................... 11

Forming and basic stabilization ..................................................... 11

G

Ground fault interrupter ................................................................ 14

Grounded metal plate or reflector ................................................. 14

Group assignment ........................................................................ 19

H

Hot ends ...................................................................................... 15

I

IEC 60929 .................................................................................... 28

IEC 61347 .................................................................................... 51

IEC 62386 .................................................................................... 86

Ignition of the lamp ....................................................................... 29

Increase in the light yield (lm/W) of hot luminaires ......................... 52

Increased luminous flux of cold amalgam lamps ........................... 59

Individual address ......................................................................... 19

Inductions between the lamp current circuits of several ECGs ...... 16

Insulation displacement contact ................................................... 49

Insulation test ............................................................................... 12

integrated safety mechanism ........................................................ 30

Integrated scene memory ............................................................. 10

Intelligent power control ............................................................... 29

Interface circuit ............................................................................. 45

Interference effects ....................................................................... 16

L

Lamp wiring ................................................................................. 81

Leakage current ........................................................................... 14

Lighting comfort ............................................................................. 5

Limited system size ...................................................................... 25

Linear relation of dimmer setting and energy consumption ........... 63

Logarithmically-dimensioned potentiometer .................................. 42

“Low” or “high” logic states .......................................................... 22

Luminaire function test ................................................................. 41

Luminous flux against control voltage ........................................... 28

89

M

Mains cable and control line ......................................................... 16

Mains voltage failure ..................................................................... 37

Maximum capacitance between “hot” and “cold” ......................... 15

Maximum capacitance of a filament cable pair to ground ............. 15

Maximum system current ............................................................. 25

Monitoring module and OSRAM DALI ECG in emergency lighting

management ............................................................................. 39

More light from new luminaires ..................................................... 61

N

NYM cable for connecting DALI ECGs.......................................... 20

O

Operating modes and operating combinations by button ............. 34

Operating parameters ............................................................ 32, 84

Operation at high ambient temperatures ....................................... 29

Operation in a wide ambient temperature range through power

reduction ................................................................................... 52

Optimized filament heating and lamp operation ............................ 29

Optimized lamp warm start .......................................................... 29

Optimized radio interference suppression ..................................... 30

Optional cable clamps .................................................................. 65

OSRAM DALI ECG and TouchDIM interface ................................. 30

OSRAM CFL ECGs ...................................................................... 65

“OUTKIT” ..................................................................................... 56

P

Permanent Heat Mode (PHM) for lighting effects .......................... 29

Phase control mode ..................................................................... 27

Physical useful data rate ............................................................... 25

Plug contact ................................................................................. 49

Potential-free control input ............................................................ 25

Power boost and amalgam lamps ................................................ 58

Power consumption of the DALI/DIM system ............................... 63

Power reduction by the ECG ........................................................ 29

Power On Level ............................................................................ 23

Protection class I luminaires ......................................................... 14

Protection of the electronics ......................................................... 29

R

Range of lamps with an ECG........................................................ 64

Reading and printing of the unique OSRAM control unit address .. 41

Reduction of capacity leakage currents ........................................ 14

Reduction of the ECG type variety ................................................ 29

Reliability/Safety ............................................................................. 6

90

S

Safe interference voltage gap ....................................................... 25

Safety instructions ........................................................................ 13

Simple integration of new components ......................................... 26

Simple system reconfiguration ...................................................... 26

Stable dimming operation also in amalgam lamps ........................ 29

Staircase operation ...................................................................... 43

Standard values for minimum ambient light temperatures ............. 52

Starting currents and max. number of ECGs in automatic cutouts ...80

Status report from the ECG .......................................................... 10

Storage of light scenes ................................................................. 26

Switching status and dimming direction ....................................... 36

Synchronization of a TouchDIM system ........................................ 36

System Failure Level ..................................................................... 23

T

Temperature-dependent “cut-off” ................................................. 29

Tender documents ....................................................................... 68

Testing and programming tool ...................................................... 40

TouchDIM operation ..................................................................... 33

Transmission cable ....................................................................... 20

Two-wire control line ..................................................................... 25

Typical cable cross sections of plug and insulation displacement

contacts .................................................................................... 51

U

Unrestricted DALI communication to the ECG .............................. 40

V

Values of digital dimming value against percentage luminous flux ...24

Vibrations and noise emission ...................................................... 51

Voltage level on the DALI interface ................................................ 22

W

Weber-Fechner law ...................................................................... 23

Wiring diagram for DALI controllers .............................................. 21

Wiring examples of dimmable ECGs ............................................. 17

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Global presence.

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