Quiz #1 Chemical Rxns and Safety 1. If you don’t know what to do in a lab, what should you do? 2. What is the correct way to write the formula for oxygen? 3. In the formula Ca 2 (C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 What elements are present? 4. How many of each element is present in the formula of calcium acetate (in question 3)? 5. Balance the following: __Na + __O 2 __Na 2 O 6. What does Na (s) symbolize? 1. Ask the teacher for help/ clarification! Never do anything in lab if you are still confused, you can hurt yourself or others. 2. O 2 3. Ca, C, H, and O 4. 2 Ca, 4 C, 6 H, 4 O 5. 4 Na + O 2 2 Na 2 O 6. Na (s) means sodium (solid) (solid sodium)
Transcript
Quiz #1 Chemical Rxns and Safety1. If you don’t know what to do in
a lab, what should you do?
2. What is the correct way to write the formula for oxygen?
3. In the formula Ca2(C2H3O2)2 What elements are present?
4. How many of each element is present in the formula of calcium acetate (in question 3)?
5. Balance the following: __Na + __O2 __Na2O6. What does Na (s) symbolize?
1. Ask the teacher for help/ clarification! Never do anything in lab if you are still confused, you can hurt yourself or others.
2. O2
3. Ca, C, H, and O
4. 2 Ca, 4 C, 6 H, 4 O
5. 4 Na + O2 2 Na2O
6. Na (s) means sodium (solid)
(solid sodium)
Metals react with halogens.
• 2Na + Cl2 2 NaCl• 2 Co + 3 F2 2 CoF3
• 2 K + I2 2 KI• Sr + Br2 SrBr2
• 2Mg + O2 2 MgO
Synthesis reactions can also occur with oxides.• Active metal oxides react with water to form
hydroxides. ex:• CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2
• Many oxides of nonmetals react with water to form oxyacids. ex:
• SO2 + H2O H2SO3
• Some metal oxides react with nonmetal oxides to form salts.
• CaO + SO2 CaSO3
Practice
• Active metal oxides react with water to form hydroxides. ex:
• MgO + H2O ________• Many oxides of nonmetals react with
water to form oxyacids. ex:• SO3 + H2O _________
• Some metal oxides react with nonmetal oxides to form salts.
• Na2 O + 2NO2 ________
Mg(OH)2
H2SO4
2 NaNO3
DecompositionAX A + X
• 2H2O 2H2 + O2
O
H
H
O
H
HElectrolysis: decomposition of a substanceby an electric current.
DecompositionAX A + X
• 2HgO 2Hg + O2
OHg
OHg
This reactionoccurs when youheat orange coloredmercury (II) oxide.
Silver mercury and oxygen gas form.
Decompositionof metal carbonatesACO3 AO + CO2 (g)• CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
OCa
O
This reactionoccurs when youheat calcium carbonate.
calcium oxide and carbondioxide form.
O
C
Decompositionof metal hydroxidesAOH AO + CO2 (g)• Ca(OH)2 (s) CaO (s) + H2O (g)
H
Ca
O
This reactionoccurs when youheat calcium hydroxide
calcium oxide and waterform.
OH
Decomposition of metal chloratesAClO3 ACl + O2 (g)
• 2KClO3 (s) 2KCl (s) + 3O2 (g)
K
O
This reactionoccurs when youheat potassium chlorate.
potassium chloride and oxygen form.
Cl
OK
O
O
ClO
O
Decomposition of acidsH2CO3 (aq) H2O (g) + CO2 (g)
Carbonic aciddecomposes whenwarmed.
water and carbon dioxide form.
O
OO
C
HH
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of a metal in a compound by another
metal.
2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO3)2 3Pb +2 Al(NO3)3
Al
Al
Pb2+
N
O
OO
N
O
O
O
NO
O
O
NO
O
O
N
O
O
O
NO
O O
Pb2+
Pb2+
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of a metal in a
compound by another metal.2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO3)2 3Pb +2 Al(NO3)3
Al3+Al3+
Pb
N O
O
OPb
N O
O
O
Pb
NO
O O
NO
O
O
NO
OO
NO
O O
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of a hydrogen in a
compound by a metal.2 Na (s) + 2 H2O (l) 2 NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
Na
NaO
H
H
O
H
H
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of a hydrogen in a
compound by a metal.Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
Mg
Cl
H
Cl
H
Single DisplacementA+ BX AX + Bor:Y + BX BY + X• Replacement of halogens
Cl2 (g) + 2 KBr (aq) 2 KCl (aq) + Br2 (g)
ClK
Br
Br
K
Cl
Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement)• Formation of a precipitate.• 2 KI (aq) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq) PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq)
K
K
I
Pb2+
N
O
OO
NO
OO
I
Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement)• Formation of a gas.• FeS (s) + 2 HCl(aq) H2S (g) + FeCl2 (aq)
Fe2+S
Cl
H
Cl
H
Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement)• Formation of a water.• NaOH (s) + HCl(aq) H2O (l) + NaCl2 (aq)
Na+
Cl
H
OH
Combustion Reactions
• A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2O
O
H
H
O
H
H
Combustion Reactions• A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a
large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.
C3H8 (g) +5 O2 (g) 4 H2O + 3 CO2
CC C
H
H
HH
H
HH
HO
OO
O
O
O
OO
O
O
Combustion Reactions• A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a
large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.
