•Quiz!! •Everyone’s going to rock this part of the day.

•Finally finishing the Digestive System•As completely interesting as it is, it has to end sometime.

•Commencing the Circulatory System•Types and functions, along with homework questions

•Something exciting!!•Hopefully we have time to get to this part!!

An Introduction

Open Circulatory SystemCommon in molluscs and arthropodsThe heart pumps the blood into body cavitiesBlood then diffuses back to heart between

cells

Blood passes from:

Closed Circulatory SystemCommon in earthworms, squids, octopi, and

vertebrates

At all times, blood moves in a continuous, closed pathway within vessels of different sizes

Closed Circulatory SystemBlood passes from:

Types of Circulatory SystemsOpen Circulatory System Closed Circulatory

System

Types of Circulatory SystemsCirculatory System of a Sponge

•Sponge is composed of two cell layers

•Seawater acts as a transport system, carrying nutrients and removing wastes

•Nutrients and wastes diffuse across cell membranes

Types of Circulatory Systems

Circulatory System of a Snail

•Open circulatory system

Types of Circulatory Systems

Circulatory System of an Earthworm

•Closed circulatory system

Functions of a Circulatory System1. Transport

Gases Water Nutrients (i.e.: glucose) Wastes (i.e.: ammonia) Hormones Enzymes Salts

2. Maintain Water Content Stabilizes ionic water concentration of body

fluids

Functions of a Circulatory System(cont’d)

3. Control Body Temperature Transports heat

4. Protects Against Disease Transports white blood cells (WBCs) that

engulf and destroy foreign invaders

Monitoring Your PulseWalking or mild exercise will increase your

heart rate by 20% - 30%. For those in good health, increased energy demands during extreme exercise can raise the heart rate to an incredible 200 beats per minute.

Although few individuals can sustain such a rapid heart rate, it indicates the capacity of the heart to adjust to changing situations.

Monitoring Your PulseWhile sitting still, place your index and

middle finger near your wrist, as shown here.

The pulse you feel is blood rushing through the brachial artery in your arm.

Count the number of heartbeats in 30 s.

Record your pulse rate at rest and then calculate the heart rate as beats per minute.

Monitoring Your PulseRemain sitting quietly and place your index

finger and middle finger on the side of your neck.

You will feel blood pulse through the carotid artery, which is an artery that carries blood to the head.

Take your pulse rate for 30 s and then calculate the heart rate for 1 minute.

Monitoring Your PulseAfter running for two minutes, we will be taking

our pulse immediately afterwards. Use either the brachial artery or the carotid artery.

Record your heart rate.Compare the strength of the pulse in the carotid

artery with that in your armCompare your heart rate before and after the

exerciseDo you think the difference between resting heart

rate and the heart rate after the exercise would be greater for athletes? Explain your answer.

Questions to Answer1. Describe the main functions of the

circulatory system.2. Differentiate between an open and a closed

circulatory system.3. Identify one advantage and one

disadvantage of an open circulatory system.4. Describe the similarities and differences

between the circulatory systems of sponges, snails, and earthworms.

Bill NyeEnjoy our topic (or his topic) is Blood

Circulation

Woot woot!!