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Learning to teach in the secondary school ' `~ ~ ~~} 4' ~_ ~' Page 1 of 71~~

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Ira Er~~laatd anii ~1'ales in tlrs: 1)93, a~scsstifeax:~t~d ita rc~~rrtiEi~; tnra~f~c :i c~rrotral isstir in tuachi~i~and~s:ar~tit~. 'TIr4 1988 Fdtl~.ttintt Itc[~r~~t tict intr1~cii~c~~ :sttttit~ry s~~~~jcst+ :~tt~! 3t~tty(t~r}~ ~~ss+.54~►tcs~tprc~c~lt~rzs ie~tu tl~e currictilt~i~t Eui~ cle~ ~rsx times c~~r:t1~~~ «fitft 33~ti~n~l tcst~ to Eti►~~r~tc~r st:~tsci:xrc~s.Tii~s~ tacta~ c~ntiiaF~e to drive tcachi~r~an~l l~arnin~.

7"l~i~ cliaptcr ~c~ trc~scs tft~ ~~ar}x~s~s c3E as~~ssmsnt and their rt:laticroshipa tc~ tcarliiri~ asic~ l araiinand ~ IU1n~s in a~ses.~nicut p~~~tfccanrl rc~~rti~i~ i~t i~cec~~~}'~~rs.'T'f~e inerr~.si~7~; i~t~~~~rt~-tr~cc csf"fi7Ym,~tivca5sessi~~rric as a ntiaj~r tactz~e ni ~~iR~r~in~ I~arniu~ ~,~it~ ~-aisin~ act~iEv~m~nt srL sxt~r~siti~~ ly disct~a3c~1.Fc~r~~taeiv~ ~sscssa~i~nt is c~,~t~zrast~€i ~47s1t sitmn3a~ivc as~s~ssit~iaat ;~s lai~h siakcs' u~raus fo~v st~C;cs'.

ill'L'iJI1Ct'~7~~Ufl:l~](~1C~':liitj1't'~1 ~1~7t}'11't:{(~tCYC~Si;C~,E~9L`tPptl~c)t11~;~CI14t[)tI5;t11(~t~14ilSSi':SC714'I1C~lft)1t5

t~I~C 1i11~* l~l}]~~ 10 O~11~~~tiYCS IV~lI~fi iIPC t~i ~fl~L1~C C4 ~SSL'SS 1?itY 3CC C-tj tli3tltlllCil~~' 1[ll}jQPt711t, ~SSCSSIYiL'ilC

is ns~ci~~ t~ ~rs~vic~t ~ifc~rinatcin al~~ut iactvislual }?u~ils' }~rogress, ]tc (~ tlie- t~acl~crclEvise- a~pri~priatct«~liit~~* ntis! It.ur~in~; at►ate~rics. ~~iti~~ r~,trt~».+ I~Gld~tiil hrt~7rtri~tii~re :~kx~~it tlrcir ~Itifs~'~ ~rrcr~,c~ti ~itic~ear»~~~r~ pn~ils ~~n~! ~cii~ols across tlit c~gntry: Tlyis-El~.~~tcr di~usscz il~~ ~~xtei~t « ~~~hiclt test, canpr~vic~c this iiii'orniati~~i,

4+tIIf X7.1 fl-'~~'~1S111C►1t ~Itti fj1~'Ci1~iltt~~)~~1t~s Ey'!4'CS 7I1 t}4'CFti'1CW tlf t~T~ ~31"ltt~1~#~l5 Uf'•l':SCSSIS1C71t~ L9I~

C~rq~~tiLPc anci su~iyi3t3tivt .iss~ssrt~cn~, ci~bi3usti~ ca~cits~ at7ci idr,~s ut"valrclit~~ at~il rcli~Uilic)s Tl~cdi#i~rrnce 1~Eh~~ecn norm-rcterci~crd tcsEing mro~1 critcrioi~-rcfircncrd t~sci~i~ is intraeluccd ;end t~~~a~ati~5~~aliy st# t~:~t~ cEi~E:~issccl iGa #1~z G~fat ~~f the sc ~arir~~ipic~s. Tkais uEaic Gitiks itiscsarr~~t~t ~v tl~ theela~.~;roc»ti teacl~cr ;t~~~ hew the resul~.v s~f:t~:se=.~nisht eau 17e t~se~i per iclenCiFy ~rn~;ress aoic~ cii;i~n~s~probkTjis, Tile ma~~agernE Fit of~sssss»m.r~t is addressed, Tlic Emit tdciahrs ors tl~c. hroa~i~e i s~e~ bi`lvhat~-oi►1~ he ~~~css~c~, a~ ~~~nscc~ m ~v1i~~ is ~sscs c~ tc~cth4rwith t[~€ reslc c,t~as5~ssa~~catt in tl~c ~c~b1iF:~c4o~~~~t:~ltili[}' ~f t~;~4licrs, ~cfs~c~l ~;ovcrtairs~ bcr~lic~-a~ict [,~11s.

[lnit G.? E~t~rnal t~s~~smri~[ and E~3i~~inatitans', pr~~aring ~~apils for public ~~amin:~tions is ~at~inlEwrtant fc~tir~~ vf'a tea~lirr'~ ~c~~rk as ~~ l) ;~~ pri~p9~rin~ tl~4n~ tir r~:~tiu~i~l t4:st3 tEic~ sea cs~usic~crs:~~st`sstiy4nG a, ~x+~tj~plifircl ljy ~A`[`s, C,C1S~ ;urci C;t',~ Adt~~3tcc~l ]c~~el, It ln}:~ ti.iGitkt~~l rn<Snit~>ein~; z~stae~c~arcis wicH your ~3assr~~~fi ~vc~r}:, rai5in~ issues €rCa~~atutc~bili~}• I'iiblic ~+;~nii~tiati+~n~ ~r~~~le pu}~i[3nn c~ n~ti~,r~ally r~cc~~i~ix~d s~a1.- p~td r~~4rci~r cantr~l ~~~cr ~~~tlr ~i~try tc~ ju~~s a~~c~ I~i~;h~r ~clucati~n.grit G,t adclre~~es h~z~v n:~eic7i7al sc:~«d;tr~ts ;ire fnairit;~in~cl a~ic1 m~f «rs d ~ratic~ ;arc :~wa~le<!. Itceeri~n~tis~nal devt~7nRn~~r~t~ its ~t~c:~[i~;~~zil rc~ucasio~~~~ii~ [Eie purrsr7tdris,~c c« i►tspr~vc_the ~G~tus ~fvocai~~f~~talecluratic~u in rclati~aE~ t~ academic ic~~arati~.~u arc hi~(ili~6tsci. ~oi~trasts fire €lrati~7~ t~rn4~i~~ ~t t~~~ n~scssiitcntlttet(t[ {!s t~4cct tilt r~<~e~ftitjtl~l 4u~►rs45 Atta tc.1<feltli~ c et41r4~:y.

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Ass +s~uctst ec~t~crs ;ill dac~sr activities wlei~l~ are ~~►1i3urtnkc~~ f~y~ tcacl~cn acu~ cat4icrs tra mca t~rc thecf~ectiwea~~s~ aft~~cl~i~~~~nd learsiin~. A3~e~sme~ut if~eludes ►ane c~nty s~tri~i~ anal ~n~rkin~}~iEpils' F~ruri:.~~cs atac! cn~Fninaci~?ns l~uc ~I~n the t~~nt•d6n~;~nc1 r~F~o~~in~ sat tl»= r4stslts. It is irn~anrtattt kn dev~t~,~clear ua~c9~rsta~t~liti~ nf`;;urr+~t3c ri~4el~a~tisrt~s fi r assessir~~, r~~x~r~ir►~;:tri~i rta urc~it~~; pupils" z~resrl sct4f~rcr~ress ifs yti7ur si3bjcet, :~i»1 ~[sc~ aKi tanderstandin~ ~t e6~ ~r~ein~is f~tae~~nst~a titi~lai~h ass~~sn~ent ~tn~~s

ire khc rcius-ati~.,na1 prcac~b~ ~nc~ s~rn~c ~at`th~ is ns'scns Evhich an~r frcin~ tiizse dit~srin~ ~ur~a~~s.`1Ìtcri IMas l~~c~~ ;~ rev~lutiQtt itt ~fis~~sNtScret pr ~~Citc c~u~r Ire ~s~.et ~p v at's, tf }~t~ti ;tri ter tet~1~

et~e:~civel~ is i~ it~►p~r~a~tt e3tat you ~iitd~rxt~nci tltcp~rt ct~~t a~se~~►ne~ic r~~r ~1~~ i~i Etr~kràt~ tzar{iin~anc~ 16arni€~g ~t~`~ctiv~: Fi~tta'~ ~S. I.1 [fists a sit of*ltas c i~I€as yitu sl~nt~ld addr~s~ eo ycn~r sc~ues4 cif stttd~:

Q~JE~TttIES

E3y thn_ end of tYyis unlit j~u should ~e abfe to:

• deseribe and ex~?ain the difler€ng ~a~s~oses of assessn~er~t;idcntit`y thn tensions ta~~t iris when an ass~s;i~~e~~t instiuine~t is used far r~~~Itiple ~ur~~s~~s;e;plaiE~ 4v3~~t is mear~a by 'as-asmeii !or IEaersir~q

• use ce~rrEr_ity <~r~ie iit7pdrt~nt assessr~t~erit terre`.inc,foyy;• Id?f'i tv! j S1t~fCPija~~ ~c~r q5d ti~lC~ l5iri$r:ie:5l atlri 2vdludf~Gr~ ~2u: F)~7sc~fii.~ dild v7ilPi~~~idE7~~.


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~oz a~s~ssr~~N~

ACQUIFtIN~i A'~RUUNG►ING' (N A5S~55MENT

E~}~ tltr~ end ~~t ycnar c~3«rsi o~ }7ri>fs~,siaual tn~i~~in~, ~~;iii shratalc3 have ~,~~I~~r~cM t174 ~n~in f~~uturc~~ ttl'assctisiner~c ~v17icEr;iie c~ti~linecl iri l~i~;4ire Cr,t.l.

#]~'V~~~PIN~ AN UIVC}~ii~TAN[~t{~G O~ TNE i?[~C{?URSE ~F A5S~55M~NT

1~~~ t~i~ s~~d c7f~c~ur cci~~rsc ~~tr~itnn~, )'au s1u>ta Ici laa~~c b~~rt~t+~ ~ait~il iar ~,ti~ith snm~ of the ~nt~r~ n~~p~rtan ct~r~tit~c~lr>~,y ~a~t 4lt is ctain~r4c»73}~ t+~+:si iii tii~;ii~~, ; kiar~lc ~s~csstx~4nz i}si~e3. 1~~r .~cic3r~.~;s scst~tir ist thist~e~ninalo~;}~ ir~l~~~v

Formative and sumrnative assessment

Fc]~t~at~v, ~ st strie rit }~rca~'icE4~ ii~t ~rstj~tiun ~;~lairl~ s ar► ;tick ~itrk}tor ~arc~k~rc ~±, sli:~~~~4~u ~.3tisst~~ fi r l~c~tlt~cx~ci a~ic~ Eicxar ~~rfi~rtt~tuc;s, rind c~e~~^c ~~articu(3r le:ttiiiu~ ~ticccf~. Stittmtatii~e :ts+~ssmcnt t~~t:ist~rErand mp~rts o~i pu}yils' prag~r~ s, as a ucrdici v~ri ~~~liat his isrcri ~clti~-r~cd; it sumni3riz~~ achic~~~enient,~tltllil"F~.111~`4 ;t,"~ti~c~ll1£il# t}~{°111'S [~4ìT` L~14 411F~ S~f .l ~}(4i'4 til~~Y{~i~;, 4SIS',,1 iSti:14116 Cilt~ )(~1 ~C~`,'i[~l[.',.4 cir

hrt~n}~ a5se55mQnt issues wall arise clurirsg ytwr ~aur9P of i~itiai te~~h~c ec~uEa3inri; kay the ens of it }~~u sh~tald~

Y k~4~rind uncierst~nd tii~ v~~atrF~lary, e.g. norm~Erv~, summaFiv~, 'ba~eliste' and 'value-added` comm2nCy usedin t~latidn Iti ~urreaii ~~5~~rrse~E ~rr~ng~:r~~ri~~;thQ ~iifter~r~t purpo~~; of a~x~ss rid pupils° kV~irk,

• hgsv tv rtnark a set of kra~ks effectively;

have begun to develop an understanding Qf the• daflerent ways teachers can give feedback ip pupils;

faciors wi~'sch arc eurrs~lly t~tou~ht tq ~a~tr~l~ute to the duality 4f ~sedF ack gkven trr Rupils;• ~ssessm~nE systems usetl in your sthoof exp~r~ence schools;• bs~a~th of ruay>. d~~tiudi~~~ marki~~ io Platior~al ~urriculurr~ lev~9s, in wh€~h assessment cap t~~ used t~?

ir~pr~ve teaching ar~,d learning cutec,~iesi GAS[ and ~1~/A2 assessment ~ibjectis~€s for yos~r subj~s;t;

+1~~eha,~i~ms used t~ tEpat~ to ~s~~iis ~~td parents;t ,~atur~ Qf pr~gt~s~srin ari yau~ sut~j~~~ 1.~. vrliat it ri7Qan~ 'try het b~kkQ~' at hist~t~; ~i~tk~m~tit~ 4r ~9tyst~~,+~ ~~iai~ id~a5 at~pu4 'assessrtl~nt f~l learr~(e1c~' 47nt1 bQ~un to put k~t~m ir~Co pra~tiCe ire yo€ir t~ar_hn~g;

ways i~ wfii€4~ i~chnalc7gy fan sQntribu#~ i~ gdf~~tiv~ ~r~t~ti~~ ~n ~ss~smen►,

— be atntaKe of theuze o~ 'forges ~ttins]' for p~Rits arts! hrnv 40 Set Yacs~e#~ e{fiectiwel~r;

• ~rrangem~nts far assesstne~f od your Nat~or+af Ciirraeuium subj~e€i, the a4tainment level destriptars and Fhesays an w~hrth rheyshouldbe used. to addition, (as teachers of Engliskr, mathematics and science, thestructure and appiicatian of the Standard Assessrn~~t ~az1;s

• assessment instruments curr~~tly used in schools, e.g. [ATs, P,4NDAs, fiv#idYlS, Atis, etc.;• curre~i tt~bates a6e~ut asscssrneni p~,~Iey 3n UK sctyools,

Fl~ure 8.'1.1 A'gr~undia~g" in assesin7ent

Page 3 of 71

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UI+~IY. ~r.i AS5~55M~NT ~C3~i LEAF~NIN~ 3RD

C;CS~, s~iucltdt, ve at tlyc tft~i esE s c~reirsr such ~ tly~ G~;Et1 let~t ur iiisiti~~P~it~ First clz~;ett. 5~i~tst~tati~

E sc s~iuc rim :~r~ ~iic~ iis~~l to dc~~ra~aiate ~~cecss t4 fartiir-r Ic~~~s +~E edaca~i~n a~icf trairtiEi~, or t~

~~~~~i~~itt~rzC cs~,}~oct~~iiitic~.wf~~r~ ~ctintp~titinra.es"li~r~c. ~s ~rac-.vrit~r ~,~i~i;

1tAz~s~ cxan~inaic~ji~ c~L~t t~ ctisa~i~a~isli i~ieerii~i~nt ~va~r,4. W tf7 ;z si~aticr ~u~~~sly c~f,a5ni~titins

t1a1t~ ~Fplicant5 fur it; su~1~ ~s tiri waa~cii}~ }~lacc~, U•ainin~; scats in racing cars, i~lwists° cji-ski iu

:t 4:r7tk syt~~~~hcaa~y> e~rwf~~scrl—u~c ~~rctl "tc+}~i~k e~~ct tfr~~~ avlt~ arc tt~ ~~t it.~It~~aEi, 2Qt~U: ~)

Ì'1i~s is educatiooa ~s.'},c3sitiot~al ~nnd~', i.4. a crar~suaii4 r prcrc~i~cc; ci~crc- ntiey a~c~t l>r ci~nt~~h ~jMa~es ~t

l~lraiiFcr~ity ;~ aaf i~t 1'rts( ~:iiois Y f<ar all tt~c};;4 ~v}tc~ ~vnt~Icl Like tc, ~r~ter tat4ttM, 4L4~s l' c~t~y ~~ciriicl bit~}zablt ~feui~i}iteciri~ ehc~ ecaur~c; pia sm~tea~atiVc ~s~c~~6t~vnt is used tc~ ~tccid4 e4xho ~li~7uld cet tlic

p1~cc~: Lam~~'rt m=ikes t1t~ pc~inc teat ti~nnati~•~~ ~ssessEnc~ir i~ dcsi~*~~c:ci.

pri~ri;tt'il~~ tc~ s~;e •~: ~is~ tt4cds c~E`[4;~~laers su~}~~~r~ink it~clsv rlti:t( ic;~~~~r~rs, anti is ~htt~ i~ie~ttifi~:cl

~~lith }jrafessi~~ii~ ~urp~au. 5attsa~ativE ~s~ssrt~et~t can t>e ass~~i~ted n3ai~~ cl~scly G.~i11t

[~ui~aetcr7~i~-~ur~sc, scr~~in~ #1~~ ~i~rri~4 ~at'tl~c sy:~tcs~i as :r ~v6~~1~, elac ndnunistratic~~ a~acl~7cy~1 CSC[i~l15.

~~1t1~:3~Pt j+]J~; ~~f1~

~le~rrit and Criterion r~#erenced ass~ssm~nt

it~s~rrtr-rclerraarerl ~ssi~szr~cirt nt;~~~w cc~nt~7cist~ns l~;:Cti~,~e4t7 ;i 1~are~ei'4 ~~:rf[~r+iJa~xc~;i~~cl the ~~ rl`grn ,tigtcc~t t~cli~r ic~rn~ ix, eiel3~r witl~i►i a te~ehiii~ f;rc~u~ tirr i~3c~re tvi~i~ly. ~t~ tc s.t}~ eli~c A[~~~ ec;n~c E£~tl~ ca~~t of

his clays ~~`thirty pupils is t~s ma}:r -,~ n~x~t~-reterrnc ~3 ju~l~e~n~~tt. Tt ~~ ~~ , ;i re Alan a mark; s tet ~.~~`t~u it~ics~s nc3e its its41l~tc Il its w~l~att~ta~~ c:~n a~~~ tàrnt~~t d~}, bc~t~vc c~~ cts4 i[ m ti~A3 i~c~~ 1~c~ry ~11at ~r~rici~~»cct

~~tn~~~~~ t~ tli* ~•est ~ftlie~};rc~ii~i. t=.~n~i~ie~ci:ill~~'~~~sd~ic~c~ ~t:~rr~cli~cti:zec9 testy ca~3 ts~ t~~c~ tc~ ~tc~cre~jt5~~t~li rr Alan ~tiiac[s n~ relatiin'ta a ~ntt~l~ L~rciaci~r saaziplr- taf fear»crs,, }}lacing l~im, ~crh~~~ ~t tltc 4iltl~

perc:c:r~tiMc c~f'tiac~sc taking ~hc. scst. ~~ahielt nacnar5 tki~t •1(i per c~:rEt c~#'lcacr~4cs ~f`thc sane .~~a ~~;er~cllc~~v~r cl~at~ A1;iu.c~u t~tn zc~E, Nar~yjntir~~ ~s~as~mcyt[ is)ic(Es~'uE ~vtto~t, C~r'~x,ia~i}~1~; tlrerc art ~tci~~csej~s~le

place c~~~ 3 c~t~r~. of°Fiarrl~~:r t~3uc.~[io~~ oe e~fiployni~nt o~+~oxtua~tt}, ao Syr. l~as~e to ~t~a~:~ de~i~ia[is ~s

r~ svl~c} ro ~i~~~ tEzc ~lai-.~~ to, ti" ~hrr~ ~c~ :fit} ~l~s~s, ie nia}' E>c tlret~ the }~fac~ arc ~lla~:~t~c! to tlic :'i~1~;~t~cli~t;►c~ +.vla~~ ssc+rc~l m~~st IrE~lEl~t i~l tire hss~;s:~~rj~;r~c,

~:rite~rvtr-r~~i~r~trceYi ~sscssr~~enc sect~aiE~is tc~ do ter~tiii~e ~}~1~ctli~s sire lc~e~icr lias mc~ ~n~spc~i~icci Izarni~~~.

crbjccti~cs. Fc~r~:car~~~1c, tht clrivi~i~ hsk trig tca t~stcrmi~~c.vl~irh ~aracticlatt:s ~i~ltil tl~c ~rit~ria ncrc~sary~tee t3rg~e sai'r;ly, ss~t~~~«t ~tsci ~n~;~ritt~ t7t1~4rs; Yc~a~ its; ~i~~t ery ~~~; ~c~ ss~ hush a r cetf~ ~,~dcr 'I'l i~~~

Ic ~4~c~u[c1Et"t ►Tiatttr if n~abotly faile~3 thy; c3riyi~a~ test, a~ ]oei~ as the st~t~tdard of°cuE~ipetc~nc~ is,hilt rnQu~E~: ~~~d tiie ~c~t is ~;~taz~uc#cc~ Sri het!}: ~1 taiii~rc ritfi ~f 8(1 ~r~r.cstetiv{Sk~lc~ h~ ~3nc

cz~cz, ~~.~~c di~t~~t~t k}~c;st~~~da~~i ~~~~ ~i~iYf:(It}.gin; 2t`~H7: 2}

t,rFt~ric~it-rc#~rci~cir~~i~:ir~m~~~rt,~rn~~~~G'~citi~~rr~~~t~,~ ~:~s4s~n~~r~Get~~4li~~tr~rc~.~~:+ttt;litil~tl~~~9a~r~Cur• ~beec~~t~in~ ~ ~ac7ci` ;~[ ~ su6~jicc~ a~szl th~~t ~zst ass~ss7~iene e} ~tie3s~~re f~asr~ers' prc~g~s~essia►~ tc~~v:~rclscxFxrc, IE4~~cla in tli~ v~~ia~~s as~.~ects s~#~tta~t ~uki~cct. Tl~r infi~rnrrcic~i~ ~;uirT~d E~c~o~~ ass~ssFn~nt ail En

trs~.d t~~ adjust c~abltict~ i~i~~c~t~, it~ti act tin r~iicrg it~~ tr+:ns~t1~4 n~~~i tie~cnkn~ss~s,Its ~rr~laitcip'~i»~t~ sta~~~efi~s iti the t`~7ati~~t7:~1 f<~ieric:~~lutti (~1~:) :iee ~ii~i~ie~i igi~i'prcafil~ ~ti~tt~p~ts~~~ta',

clot ~turicul~m fc~eEt~~[isli lan~;i~~c, tug exai3~~.,[c, is l~rol:cii ~tc~tiv~t inc~ i'c ~diE ~, 4vritin~, sUiakin~; :u €1

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304 A35~S~M~NS'

li icuin~,: "~I~~ IVC' tteiiritneti~ Ierttls a~tcr~~FSt to csta}~lislt c`~tc~i~ f'~sr pru~~c~si pit ity tltrse ~rc~tilccai~iE~onents, tvliich ~~ists naciicrs i~T r~en~~ii~Ert~anci ~izt~rditt~ }~r~~re~s~~ii.

tFs~ti~~ or "value-~d:~ed' assessment

~tlstt'cid~ c)111tct5S1~[31~ [~ ~ ~it~ft7Ttti ~tl4l' it1~:~'4'~lYtlCY:1{~al.E3ti~~G~YIY ~c.:lTti4i'ti {i1SiE`11i-Cc~~Y4':f~4.ttl~, ilt` 1~~~11~~.

sE3cciC~e~ nl~jc~ti4~cs (s.r,it¢ria~t~ecfeecatei~i~}, cfie I~a~t~c_r~~ p~riir~zrati~c c~[3 [~t mct~ifreil a~;aii~st c1t~;Irarerrr~s c~a~~ prcviaus_ Ec~~~s c~fatt~ii~~nci~t. This is n~h~ac is ntc~nt t~~~ ipsativ~ asscssnt€tit'. flu cxu~~~laz~Eì~st~tiv4,~tix6~~:~ij~ iEt,vsitiEcl he t1~6 c~5a~e~j?t s~~''p~r.:c~ta;~f Eirst' iti ~tkal~Gie:~,.~.~liGr~: ih~ ;ttEitk4 is ~trvi~a~;t~~ iuy~ir«tc cyu ~rcuious;~+4r[ortf~3necs.

The currc~ut t:mpli~sis ~n arccruntal~iGt~~ i~ti cdae3tiatt _his rtisct~ tl~c prcaiil~ ~f ip~.lt ~c ~sscs~scit~►itt}~:~zUs4 ref tlt~ ~t,ritr liattacm it n~al;cs tc? ti ~1ue-,i<icted ;issetist~~~t~t, t~lxilil:c `r;~~v' aclticv~rei~nC cudatc;►ic~riient ~~bl~s, Eortt~ert~~ perf~rtraa~~s~ tat~les, auc{ ret~,rreci to in }>ress as lea~iie i:il>!zs`, vl~icla Stu~ic~t ~;~i:~ into ~ccaunt ~u~ails' priora~eslu~~i~cn~, ~~~sei~-r ~sscssn~ciu o~en~~ima wins in ~is4ael Iciniingat~ci ~~~vicl~:~ c~zta cin c1~4 ~xt~nt cr.~ ~i~ltich tits }~t3Pil? the tca~-l~cr ~~a~t tl~c. ssite~nl ha~~ 1~c.tit~ s~h,lc ~ici1111~JCcJY~ ~C?Yll71l~..,.~it)ri5t'CCjl1~1Sie5111~1!:L~ ~;cC 1~:1141C :lt~c~tt~ ititiLSSiil4,fli ll~ [ePlt73 Qf SCEItic)E tf~CGCt1;4[1CS~..

and as a w~a}~ of ~na~:in~ ~ii~re inCcrrnud c~iispariscins Ucnvern institiitions; uti~crs n~c~ ti3ac it`~vc arrs~r~cittsCy t~s cc~ri~~y1rr S~Et~~c~~~ tlac~ic ,frc~ brta'{nr i~,::s~4± t~f' l~~r~~a ;~~ali~iry :end ar:li ~l~ility ~» ~urr~~it tetit9t~~irugic►i~,~, sacs, #i~r i~1s«~rcc, k[.iyfcxl:~ 2{1U~1,

Validity and reliaf~ifi#y

Y~ztirli(y-~~~ril~4~ tlic.dxtcnr t<~ u~i~ ck~ t1~4 4tcr~ »t ~~s~css~s ~~.ictl}' ~'liat et is nts:rtct~~t tc~ ~.i~~~s: IE C dritt~tlnct tt~e drivitt~ z~;st ~viw b:as d ~i~lcl}~ t>u ct tivrittc i ex~;rct`s~, to u~ltat extent ~i~ouls! i4~~~ rtmsist~r i4 a~Paliti ts~ i~Cpcu~~lc's ataitit~ c~ drt~s. sati:ky i1 E~isror}r ~xai~~i~~iti~n qucsiii~u, E,urE,~rtitt~ t4~ ~<,~•~ ~u~als`.aE,ility to;~~~E ~4nrscs h}'~~ro~~ic~inG:~ picture'ai 1-Iidcr ~trakin~ant~[s~ttiaq doh, a~l~4d ~;~i'liy d~c1 this r~~at~i~~vrcic~ Pc larttl?' ~Sbcr~aiit. It)1~}}. 7'1ri~ ~esi~lrt k~r ;r i:tliil tcst.~i'tii~~~}ri~-~l ktu,cvi4 t~~: car rc4~all, bkit'ts it t;w~1ic~ «;~i bf rltir aL}ilir}~ #~ ~tcri~~r iul'tarinari~~r frcaitr suutccs? l~u~il~ ivhu ~3t~ ~ve11 ~t C1CSE En~;lislic~aiuivacicEn arc s,~icl to be °~~~1`;tt ~r~~;lisl~. E>ut ~v1~at ~« a this rc:~lly.it►ranc tT.eliclit~~ is ~ ru~T~}~Ica su~iFcctl~catts~ tkxtrs ~ii~lit ~tc~t he c~=~~t #,~r3rral 7~~•~~m4ne a~saut~vi~ e it altea~l~'tn (x; ~c~cxl ;~t';t s~tk~~jcs't. l`~J1t~n~w~ c~cvis4 u~e~.,~t1en~ c~c~ciscs„ti~,~c eic~d cc~ ketp iii titu~d tlYc ic~c a trf s.ilidity antl; i~~ maikn~ tic ~^xercisc,.io kcc~.j, i~t i~iind tivl~cther oe iiot the neap in tvf~iclz ~ti<< coT7s~r~tcted clue tcsc rnad~ it possit~lc for pupils toF~rcfvact~ a Iiall7~acl apprc~t~riai~ aar:~v~r, 4nnu:tiirt~s <Icfica~~' ita r~~~xutscs ~aa~ ht t[ir f5ultcsf~Pcxsrc~uc~ti«nsiinug, r3iher ~l~ari ]ask ~~fk~yUv.~lzd~~ ;a~~ci uadcr,zanclii~~; ~n,tl~z ~ar~ o('~.~~~rils,

Re+1~uGilil~~ in :~~srs3i~~ent ~t.li:rs tc~ Y1i~ cxtc~~t to ~ti~l~ict~ tli~ ass~;sa~t~c+ate rser~is~ is tr t~t~~~~rth}~'in~~rc,t~i~iit~~ int{~rntit~i~~r~ nf~~ut.pt~~ils' Ic;~r~i'sar~;,1t'th~ c~s~ck;t+ncttt is rc~~~~~cl slncs the ti~~ inscrt~n~rrat~;i.~~ :t sit~~ilar rcrilt? C~urr~isi4~ir~~ i8t~ fc1`t:2liilicy ~C;tat a~srss~3iet~t li4l~ia :sn~4us~cgt~esti[~~s s~t~lr ~s;

' Is the tc>t c~rE~i~r:;rX aucE hic and n~is~' in t~nnsxifaciclr~ s n~ the ~-uai4~ ntivitii tii~hicli.the lcarntirsh~a~~~ ~vork~;~t?Waariil,~ ~ifiertiit.>c~-c~i~~z~}~ils t~~itli ~ sirr~jla~rau~~ ~Cal~ilitics ~i~d bae~:~ec~uue~s'~;ait7~si~nilaescore;

1~`~aukl y~~~t ~4t tlac~ ~am~ ~4ti~~lt f'}'c~i~ rc~i~;~t4c1 tl~~ test~~; af;t I1t4r ciatc?

I-t3ul~~s k {2l}[~ i ~ ~i~~~:s:tla~ e1~~3zpt~ a~f Hatlir~csni ~~3[~s :~$ a~~ instruiixnt tiir me~t~rii}~ a persc~ir"srvri~;lit tea hUlp f(i~ting~isl~ Ex•t~vr~~i~ validity ai d rs li~bilit}: liiuhrnorn stales area valid, i.c.;tppru~~ri~ttt;

Page 5 of 71



Uhll`P. 6,i A5s~E§SMgNY ~t)~i LfAkt~IN~ 305

A

Roses ~rUiq 7tt~ pig g~apll is dsvid~cl i~ld ~ ~~t'~1 g~~rit-

__F[e~,~rers 9€ ~i~ntr~ the ti~r~y ~ ~~~tia~s i~ ~iivrdPd u~,.

~ir~~SHo~v many eighths are lasd fo lruit7

83 °rh

0

The pie graph sho4vs tyre ~Ies far a ~asag~.

T32E divi~a~ns ark ~o the nearest etghth-

4L~h,~k prapacfsc>n crf tli~ (dial sotc! are €orci~

49°,b

BE~eThy pie graph strews it7e pr4p~ar4i~n iii people using ds9ferent

,~I~ Car T~~s of transport 9a get 3~ v~erk.

Pubii~ lNne~t ~r~~rt~r#inn u~ #ku~tic te~nspgrt7

CP3115Qs~~'t

Figure 6.1.3 ~ife~k cif cont?~ct on ~ssQssment

~v~y ~f iiiyctiia~; gut ~~>ri~~~i~c"s wti~l►t, tli~ ss~[tx ca~i ~e rcliaL,l~y i;~. ahvay4 re~}~un~i its etre~ ,~uuc ~4•ay its~ivcu tvci~itc, H~~rcvri: t~atExrew~ta ~~afcs mag taut br a4~taratc., i.c. rccur~r! the tr~~ w~ i~hC, in c~ttcati+~nTl

~s~~s~sii~nta~~`t~rat`y ssul3sttmcd it~iti tl~s ~nts~~~t ctE`vzlciity.Latr~t>eri dis~ttssc~ tltc e~i~tett c~~;~~seti3tt~~rit~ tlt~t~ is, tl~z rv;tg~ i~t ivliic.[t ~}~z que~tiu~a is Es>scci c,xn

iitt7ucncc the ouicanacs of'thc ~s~~s~~~cait (Laniberc, t99~: 3iJ~j. Fi~uc fi.l,'~ sE~otc~s tl~r~~ ~t=,z}=s inwE~~ch piipil~ ~vcrc t~stc ti c~t~ the it ability t~~ r~;~ci enEi~rma~jc~~~ 4c~rrecc(y fr~~rei ,t Frig c:l~art. Tlt~ niur~b4r:rt etsc 1~ottc~tt3 [c Ee {~f tli~ ~;wt~hs ~ive~ tlr~ }~ro~+urEic~i~ (`;~} c~~SttCers~f't~I ptEpils its e~t~lt c:~sc.

Wi~at ex~la~~~ianz cap yfru ~sfF~~ f~i tl~e t7 ff~~c€~1 suc~~s tat~a ~F p~pii3 in r~~di~g ~i~ cltiai~si~e~ Figure 6.1.2}~ is et pDSs~lsle t~ efe~erniirre wf~ich li tl~e m451 appr6ptpaie way of making this.d4S~35ttl~fk[.~

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306 A~S~55tvf~N'~

It is in►~arrant tee ~nre~sj}~ee ~Izat;~s3css~i~iSt is ui~t:uj e~ac~ sei~siec. Ye~u i►c~sl t~ be ~~vte~ ~t"tl~eIfinitntia~~sa~tci cam}~1e~itica in~alvc~ iii as~es~t~icnt.

`High' and 'low' stakes ~s~g~~mgnt

È`li~1i s[~}.tti°;ts-'itlSliYL'It(tlt;.[til'~tL~~1CiL f~l~ t'[tiG7~G i3 CCJfi~i[l~i'Ct~ iJtt~il~[Yt1[ tij~1C~ ~C)i' tt~c f4~IFFICY, ~G14~1 ~tti

dceid"nib dtc sit iisia u~liiclt tiic t~arnEr is plaecc~; ~r ter tits schL~f, sucfy ~s ini7ucs~ci~t~ its positi«~i itr~rn~►e taElcs ai 5~.l~001 perk~rn~:~t~c~, C3ri~~in~; Crsts, Stan~{ard 11s~~sntc~it T,~sl~s (~t1Ts) end Czt;`~'E nc!r"+ Icvcf ~•x;ti~iiti;~tc~»s ;ir4 rx:~r~tE,lc~ c~E`'I~ig1i t ii,cs' ;~xscssrri~;tsc,

`L~~v ssakc~` ~sscs~nyenc i~ the int~7rma1, ruucinL a~ic~ lutti~~kc}~ day-s~w~~y ~ss~3s~t~cnt ~~~huec chirts~lts ma}~ nat cvcn lac iun3~a11}' r~cctirdccl. Pu}~i(s n ay nat ev n co~isizl~r tttit clot-y ~rrc b~in~ a~stsszclin t~~f~ zrzi~ritics, it is just ~~art t~t'tlicr ~4~s~rk,

WHY pC} 1tV~ E1~~~55 PUP[~S' 1f41~?~t~7 THE PURF[_?SE~ DF ~~~E~~A+(~NT

A ~Freai il~:~) o~'tiEfic ~n~i et~'ari is spcni on ass~3sia~~ pupil' ti~.~o~~. T1i~n arc Haan}~ raasohs t~ir as~~ssn~;~~t~pi14 ~v«rk; ~tiscs;nacnt scrvcs ,i varies}, c~t~~trr~ii~~s ;ind ix is la~I~iC4~l to ~~ ~~~;are +~1'tli~tn ~t~€~ tl~~t~t3siu~is rvt~ich aci5c ti'on~ ~tsca~i. It is ziiE~icult tcs cievisc :~1l-pur}~use' a~~~s~~yt~~tk in~ai~a~~c~3t~ r~~i~i~l~sere azia~lti~l~ }~n~>osc~. O~ie c~rm►nan tcia~ion is titih~tlier til~ test is mare u~c tid for sip}~por~ing 1~nr~~in~ttltc. fi~rmativc mtxlc), ur #qtr ~iakiE~}; jta~l};c~rncnts ~1~c~sit ~~o~il {tl~e'stm~rri~tivt' mcxic)< 7~sk t~.1;? ~~ktVc~u ct~ rise this classi~c:~ii~7n cr►';j4se vment ;~s tun~~iitiv~ nr ti~rsa3:i[ivc cc~ r+~vic~~, tl►c c~ariaus r~asc3nsteaclices and oil3z.rs ~ivc Far a~~es3ing th in p~6~}tls.

the subsettf~rn f7eaded '4Nhat is assessment for?' deicrl~es 12 purposes of asscss~cni. As yr ur~asi the~~h ~ITss list, cor~s~der vrfi~th~r the fun~iians o~ the ±rari~crs items air p~rrearilyio~rri~tiv~ ar suanmativ~e in intent_ Da any. ai the purposes potentially €ombie~e boih elements of~S~~~tai~rl(?

wt~aY ~s assEs~nn~~vr ~o~~

7. To ackn~wl~~~e pupils` efforts

At a very 1~~aic !4v%1, brie ~ti~lily itt~p~rrt~a~c, thy: ~ii~rp~, r is t~ shU~v pupils that }~~~« tai~4 ire int~rest intlrrir ~4~r}rk. l~vs n pupils 1vli~x ;try neat ;tvict s4l~csl~rs aer aFtc~~ ~iis~>r~ui[lcd if tli~y~ licl ~I~;~C }~~~►i It;~vc nc~tlo~-~k~cl ac tl~tir tivork, ~r it you ire ~lo~v in r~cUr~oin~ it, Ti~chers me i~ot iltc only ~f~cs t~ diRerentiai~;fiu~ails ~lssz dill~r~nti~tc, acid °rate' t~aci2~rs ~vli~ €»a€4~ tlr~ir ~~-4r~ f~r~r~~~~tNa~ and s~rbf~lly C?nc r~-~~nt4ur~tiy s}~c~wcc~ that flti~il~ rcg;:~r~~ed tFri~ a~ tEtc tstc~,t itrt~~nrGYitt'hrc~tess vital' t:l~an:etctisti~ c~E'~ tc;~s)~er's~c~13ek; sip l)ni~crsicyvf East lSt~~lia s~~ztisie: ~ittt}a;fh4~t~~:~i~a..~c.ul;l~n~2~~fi:~se,~~r~~~lzmat~/pr~fcliarl3tm ~.

Page 7 of 71



li~tiT: Ca.t A55~55M~tJ~` ~6~i L~A~tNifiJ~ 3tI7

~, 7'a anativate pu~its

t~i~sc l~ar~te~ ti~.i~t~eo kaar~~t~ l~c~~vtl~c-yari cir~in~..tia~d~~~~l~c~t(~~t~t1~Eylzav~ c~t~cas_wclE.ltis ~ti s~pp~yrt~~►~it}~~s~}tic,c~iae{~t~r;~~;s;~ttierit,~h~~4yc~tirarpprrcGi~~ti~5~i~~Fr~~s~irc~cl~iettcit~~ntcarefliit-e~r~i~ilr~yii~trlutz~Yr t~ltau,•to ~~n L~~tt~yr aie;~•t tr`ttr;. M;irkui~ E t~piis` 1~roFl:~n t>r ~ f~r~ti ~i c~rit~~ie niotiv-ati+~n ~c~d e;ati ut~luci~ ee«rar~l~'sveE~ a~ mers~ ~nark.4 ~1d tomnicttcl,3ti~~~. ~~o~iti~~~. ~4~rittcr~ or ~sr~[ re~in►n~~tt, ~rtcE ~rac~4~5_:~t~~ aia~r~.

3. To rr~onitr~r pir+~~re~s

'Pljc l~~ni~t {)f foriitia~tive :~sessme~~~ is ~~iriii~g ieit~rsu~ce~~i ~6~7tit j>iipil~` ~r~~,r~ss. ~T~ :us~ss }~~i~il5`lrsr~iiu~ in rstcl~r to niattitar ~laeSr tmcltsstavdin~; anct to di:it;ntyse iaetars ail icti Fna}~ ~ blocking i~~'i~tltilaitial~ Ir:trrtii~~. ~c»n~ aa:~k tiu~t~.~: aee r~k~ rr~d tcs:~~ cliat~s[i~:t.~.ti~4s~t~e nt he~:aus~ cliev zr~ c{es~rt~eis}~e~iftc31l~~.ca ~rt~~sa~ triis~i►rde~stat~cG~~~~ 'i~r ~~;irrier~ tc~ l~;tPtai~~~ :~i~~i so ~ari3F~ide s~~~eseio~is far w~~c~y~fonvac3, F~r~i~;itivc assrssr~~cnt ca~~ gi~~e ~~pils a stf-a~~~rchr~s crt thci~ c~m~nratFUr s~rcn~tl~s at3ci

,,u~~:~}~~iu~:~4~ ~sn4i ~ric~rici~~ ~'~ar fi~tterc lc~riiin_~,. ~t is ;t(~s~ ~ :~ttttitt~ 13r~iirt ft~r ~~caE~li,~~i~i~ a 4~iali~~~~t ~,vithvc~cir~'ESug~il ;strut w}3:~r citey nrict C~i do tc~ i~t~prc~~~c p~;rfc~rti~arzec iii year salijcec.

Y~~~ crn i~sc~ the irif~rh~arion ~Icanrc9 irony ~~,~a~int; }~ttpils' ~E~ritte~ ~vark; oc ~r~l resp~ns~.s, n(~t

jt~~t tcr~ ~ivc tlaa.~?~ark;i nt~tk 4r;€ };rac~4, b~►t tcs ~i t„~«I<: a~l•~icc ~vlti~i~ (~lp~ ~l~~r~t ~c~ rewportcl h~~e4~• E~~~tGiitit, s>r ~~zc~~re ~;ra tc~ i~~or}~c~ Is,rri~u~~ ~~ri~~~ity, ht xhc tou~:~ terri~, }~c~t~ mcay 1~~ ~;trit~iii~ ~u~pil~.t<n~:;irilsbeing a~61e to ►~yoiisto~ at~i~ r~a(ii t~t~ tl~~ it ~a~v3z l ar~iir~~ ltrcl ~ro~eess, th e is leanring I~pw to 1cat~~.

~4, Tc~ i~lenti~y students with speei~l e~lu~~#i+~n~~, needs {SEN}

"1`lic rEass t~ac°lter i~: ptt the front tiny, co-f speri.~l Eie4ds <lia~n~asis. T'Iie 5~[~ t c,c~~ of I'r:cck ~e ~~C acesr~sEj~aias tiliFy~ csirtltc ~la~sru~~ifi traeher tt~ i3t~~tiFy F~ii}~ils ~v~~~ Ena}r h;~vc ~~ ctific lcaeni~ difficulties

,vl~icli are- nhi~+itin~;tliem Er{~i3i },s~~'ttirmin~.ty tEacir tall ~+cltcntial. 4Vhcr~~ ~,G.tch prc~+ten~a aec~citri~tw~ttcr~tl, tk~~; irtf~'rEzs;~ei~,Tt i4 ~*i4~~s t« tl7c c:Ei„~•s('. ~li*I C;rr-~a~'c~i~yltur (SCI~IC~()) iit c'~~'~1i~r t~~ ctrati~Fu~ gr ~~Ijumt tli~ ~xs}~5~1's Ia~~lic~iclu3l ~c~uc.ician t~13ati (,IEF~~_'Tlii~ sis~eca afyo~sr ~vc~r~: iucicicics ietEncity~in~particularl~~:il~l~ pupils, ~vM~o r~►u},.ncctl same ~itt~~rca~tittid ri~rri~u[u~~~ ~tiitcreuls ire orcicr cc~ makern~~x r~~~~ni ~r~~~;n+s ~R~d ;~;►tic~irr ,atntiv~tic~s~ :~a~~l ~~t~~;;~~,crx ant in 1c:~r~tiit~;,'I'lse~~c is taller diet+ssicrz~ n!'SEN ~itct ~a~t~i~'s IE~' bit [Jni~ ~.(~,

5, ~'c~ès#abli~h baseline evidence of achievement

tit tl~c sect ~~fà t~~tv ~lias~ ~t sc}a~cs~atar: ~n ~t~dot ciit'~vlt;at caul ~`~~ril c1r~ aatd san~~t ~~ ~ ~:~rrict# c~t~#iiin~dc~ts?iG4it~+t~aaz~li~ic:~~~iYtsa~~~l~icfrttt[ur~~rce~n•45~~:~~ilsetr~~,tseir4d.Tlxis~u~lieety~~lac~n~artic~il rsub,~ect:arca,, ear b}'~'1 in~cl[i~~~ce es~, pie li~th. Tltt T~fc~r«i3ficn gai~t~d pan itclEj t~.act ors t~ ~[ait rho rtc.~~hitt~ w n~~tth pi~~ii1Y' ir~cli~~iclt~.+a ~+rccRv. TEai~4 4(ata m~4~c ~?ia5~it~l ~ m~~Surem~nt cif the v~lti4~1t~(,~['<~' ~3~ [~iL' f~10E7!"T 1.1F [~iC~ tiCM1t7t)~, tit Site 1StSYf t3{±1~5(:9'Ca11C ~7f3 !T1 ~C:PYEf tTiiy 1~yrilt)St F~I4 ~`;LtiC~t1t~ 5~~11°~'

7iii~ 1,~~ c,ti~nating prr~gEci~ ~v~e-atic{:3boveiliat'exp~etc~ by}~ct~it~'c~t tESaeaE~►lity.~cr~n~~ t~.~clycr~ wclr<<ria6~ d~nx li i~ a~sti~sntent as is taE:cs ii~t~i ,~cs:osrnt Fu~il~' j~ri~r ~~~~ni~~l sliai~~nt~,

ire a ~~.:~~= tl~~t r~i~v' ~~rt arr,t.rnc~ r~btc'~~r~ i1~~ r~c~c_ {~~I~r"r~ srrc~s eh~c ~t~e f~n~re~i~ic~n ' iE tin~tti te,stir~~,-.end its ~us~e~rtit~ilicy i~~ nt~~gi~~itl~ri~~n ~~3:~(.~ it in~~}~ct~gei~tc ar s't~cl~'hi~~rz~tal cs' i't~~~~cti~~i~.

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3Q8 A~SS~~SM~N

6. To detect pupil under,achievernent

Atin~ss~~ic~it~an'~~ t~scclta 1i~lg~:t~a~kt~rs tca 1~ ~I~t-s #« ~~vs~ablt mtc~~rva4lticvt=m~~~c~}' F~t~pilti 1+,d~a~_~r~"s~c~ast~n~;' a7~ ~a~l~r~~ l~;i~rc s~~n~e s~iir~~4arar~~ G1iflietlhi~s ~ti~~lrieh :~lii~~R ~I~~ir ts:ar~~ii~~,r.

I~t ckr~ler to maiikor pru5ress a~tec~isatriy= }'c~kie as~esstutnr~~fpu~ils' tt~c~rk sht~idcl re~~~~zize: ~t~~i1s'.t~ifit~~, sir ~c~tct~t hl ;ltttl.~~r~viaus fid~lc;5t~a~r~~l perlartn:tric~:; This ~~rUccss ic~i,i~filics pu~sil ta~tc~it-iCEStcvtSlt4riE,.~SP ;tCtC[4P3(C'[j ;LC~11}:t'citSCl~[_

A~ itEJl as pr~v3a~iasclia+~1 ~e.~~art~ ~stc1 S~iTa results dise~;:is:tE~ insrc:~ain~ eif~~,a~f`cc~nrjrluerialas:;cssntcnc in~trurr~c~its cicii~ nrcl to ~rovi<Ic a '1~~+~1~~i4' asai~~~t tulai~l~ tuturr- p~rfrnt~:~rirs ~~n tic

~;~Cibr,k~~; 41. 'T'1~~•s~ inclu<i~r

Middle Years InC~rmatiun S}~ccin (MidYIS);A Crvcl Iaifz~rn~ati<~~t'~ystc~f~ ~}I~is C;F~IV(~ (+4T is+);

Ye:~Y ! 1 Istfor~tt:uir~tt 5~+scc~ii (~clli~};

~.~~l~ich arc atailablc ~~~lie~c #rnm t1~c f;rntre fir G~1~zcatian:~nd IVtan~~~eme»t, LJ~~i~~crsity ofi~t~rliani at~ ~~ttj>:f~vn~~v,C.S tn4~•1~~rC.l~7`j;?~,

A i~~t rclr i«slru~~~~•~:~ <,f'~Gn i~scdl>v relic'iiilsis2l~c ~o~;nid~;~~l~~,ilitics"Cc~t (~<AI`). TIy~.0 Ai' 9nc,~surc ;a ran~;c tiT:~~iilities t~sin~r tiirrc tt~e;, a ~~arEuf rc3sani~~~ rest, a ~ic~~~-verUal reasunin~ te*sc <lrid a third uirrei~~nbsas Sr~r~s uae ~'~T s~r~ tic ~c~rrslae~cl ~,~itli stil ~~c~~trrii ~,~racics i~r3; tnr ~~~tn~~lc, ~k~~ ~~C_:'i~ ;i«~~it►$ec{ try ~C~clici C~CiS~ prrlùrtit.»tre,. M'iyis ii~farri~~fi,in 4ujttr liirtes tip ~~~tt~e~;~dct~d #:►c~t+~rs in re~+c,rti[~~khc elicceive~~r.s ~~sehaQling, Thy C:~"1~ is t~vai[sblc from t~ii Natig3~~l ~uuncjatit7ia far Educ,~~i~~nai~c~iar~li~i~rlst~n ~~r~lirt~ Ott ~l~t~p:llik~v~~,nt~~sr~elson,~t}.n(~~;

'~"«t~ sf~nult~ 'ri~t~t~irc~ ~vlrctlrcr ate}~ cat tfrc~c .~~xGwspt~c»c sy~t~~~is, ar; ril~e~`s~,~ arc t~:~rd iit' ~~otr~ sul"tc»1c~-pceirncc ~ch~l tU };yin s~aiz~,: itisi~;lit ii~ta at last one ufdt~~~i. If:x Ftupit If s }xrfc~e»lect very tivall uribnr cat` tltesc tests, tart c1c~•s n~sc s~c~n to lK iroial;in~ :~~aprc}p~i:it~: ac c~~:mic per~rc~ti, it c~~9~ ~~tir~ staf~~.ecYu~ant~ ~in:i~:iy~; ~i~i cs~r(~ ir~terv~ttticzii.

Fi~ute t~; l.~' sk7o~t=S 3nutfo~ntatit~it cl~srtQia the ~rCe~raccair~nicr~t~~ tla~'~e }~p}~ils ia~ ~ t~atl~in~;gec~u~,iii tEnnsUt t~ ~ar~ ri'ormat~cr its Elie ~.o~nitivc r~l~ifity'i'4st~ ta(:et at cCtc stnet c~F`Y ar 7, t}icir Fertot-ntanscitl iit;lt,l4til:Y(14S citltl Yi;:li~iii~; ti'fif3, t11CiY~~~~ltl~;it1G~ f4ticEif3~; i~~4+~ 1i C~ t~tCf!` ~7cf~17~[Y);~Ii~b. 141 Ill`}' ~~~i~;

~ SAT,4 tens tit• E~s~~t`s~li, itisdi4is~ati~s ;~~i~ seiruer. f3p lo~kit7~ ~e Efi~ cl~sirt, c13c ~e~hjcet Fe~~ts~r c ats~aickt}~scc ~vhc~tE~cr d~crc is a disparit~~ ~icnvrc~~ thi pi~pi~'s i:~~rrcnt ~vc~rkanci tl~~} }~raCle ~~ttiieir.prc•.Yic,tt~ a~'ad~rry c acta~ntr~cnt, gin¢ r~~}~1ur~ #leis ~`tirtii~r i~'tt~ s ~ t1z~: ease.

7. '~a report to p~r~nts

Both fcamtativs* and su»utiatisc assessmene piot~i€1e nfUrntat an far teachers tv rrpart tc~ parents ahouFtlicir ~l~iclr~n's Ftc~~;ra~s. ~tcyst ~?a~-~azts ir4 i~~tsrc:~c~€~ in lac~w c~ticircl~lcLt~n at~t#~i~i~ iii ~c~c~o1, ~t~d~;cr~~t3 ccx~ntnrttticie~cri~.r Ueti~~t~~t ~~sqF,, ~~ti~ils :~nct ca'astt~rx ~;~~i 1~elp,pG~~il~ #a~ feas-k1 E~tne~ 41~~~~IY~Iy,.Thy f98g F:ctii~;~tic~n 17eEi~ctii Act ma~lc ii a nriniit~ani statutor~~ requi~cn~~nt t'vr stlto~sls c~3 ~ra~~i~ir. ana~t~}tM~1 r+:pc~rt c~ti ~~~~ils' ~ru~;ec: ~. '1±laezy ,~~ct~nclary s~:litiola alsc~_~tays.:t `cli~try' s}•stci t to X3 1sc~rt7t7~irrli{•atic7~eli'ct~viceii }~;~e~~it~ ai~el tlir ~+;Jrt~K~I, Va~rct~s~ arC ~fi~~ rr+~uireci ts~ si~r~.[liis~v~E~I:ly.er~

estalslisli f1~.t~ tlrejF l~aai ~s~e~~ cletiils t~F hosniti~~or~~~s~t a~YcE cot~uiicziis on pupils s~~ck_~u~i uvcra[lF,ro~;rc~ss. C~c~w n)n~cnc ~ciclanc+r i~i~ rc~+~rting t~ ~rarcrats n~~k4s tl~c j~csint thc-~t ~arcat~ arc. not-just.i ucrc~,~t•~l i~x .zc:iel~ntic~ 3s4c1'sari~~nt~ce, ~u~d c~:~r~t eu kris ry ;d~suz c~tit~r;tspec~4 ~~t chair rlsitd's ~sr;,~;res .`Cite sart~c ~ui~lair~e ~u~~sts that p~rcnc~ ~varit ~i~ k~~,c~w al~c~ut ~11~ rl~ilzl':, ~~crfssenfanc~. n~ ecla~i~~~z tUtlir rear r~i'xli~_ etusa, tc~ t~aticmil st ti~l;~rds a~~~ h~uv di~ir cliilij is Ffrc~};rr>si~~}; in relation to ~~rc~~is~iis

Page 9 of 71

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U1~iY: 6.i lt~~~55t~lI~NY ~O~i L~A~tNfh1~ ~4g

~a~~i~Er~~~~~- re~~ a

Pupil d p `'S~ ~'a~ PlrE F

E~41n ~r..-,il .n.~ k [`y Ia

~rbai ~` j ~,Peai Reid ~ea~9irg 6g~u Ica ~ a~ r 13.& 5~.~

;:` .~~ ~ ::r~ i

Pupil B ff~2 S.~T NPER QI

~aF~3IhcR S~ 4 A,#.~ths,~UIIÌ t -.~]~ Z~ 3v. ~~

t~~i~aA _ 4~t e~ ~:8 1 1

Pt~~i f',~~1 ~ a ~~r=~ ~2?; k.. ,~ ~~: u iti~ hq E ~U 4

~upit c Ksz far ~y~~k:ar~~'7'• ~1 ~,tA ~

S~ai~al & `- 5~" ~e ~fdths

r~Pd&~lIT, S~~.`~rk~~I Spell Rhatt 8u ;r~ :G .~ e'~ 1 ~ 11,4 ~w.~}4 t:: :a F~ ~ i

Kt_ry: ,Y~ ~et~~ > 1,. - hlgt~ °~+ r :' i. - v~fy ~a~+~, i~seil -,p€ili~~ ~r~l~~~t; Read - rr,~clist9 ~~#~'af;€f~= E~glis~a.` 1}9A -,a~akheir~ t c.; 5~ -~~nst,.f~+licriv~c! be` 4N~ NC 1~,~81#

F{lure G.1 3 ~h~r1 providing Spafil~~d,rliit~ put~~l ~rafi9~~

act~i~n~icut ajt~l ~erceiveci p~tit~ti;~i, I~i~ct3rs kt~~~~~lcl lx tul~ ~tic7ut tliei~ eliild''~ ~.ietieiEl~r s~reit~;tl~s 3ti~t

~chic+.:c►iic~tts; arcs #'car cjevcl+ap~ji~~it and irt~provs mr~~t ,inii +~~lic ther the child is ~cltavin~; ~~~cil, ansl is's~.~~iagl}~~ icl~justr~t; sc} ~41~~oG 1it~ {1~I~~C~t,A, 1{J~1~3a)-

8: To'graup' or's~t' pupils

Szii~Ql~ 1~as~4 to make dteisi~F~ about ~ttiin~ ~e-~rcau~ia~g tlie;ir pugs: Tlie extc~iit tc~ ~vliicli ~.~upils ~r~-~~arat~d into tcaehitt~ ~*roex~~ ~f siniiMat ~x~iilitbc~ ~=arias i'ro~n ~~isnc>t to ~Cl~c~t~~ {ssc f~nir4,t It~X}~iBCirc~~r~ n~'}, 11Vix~t'~ brUtt~rit~~ str-ata~,i~s :l~~e i~5c;~3 its str4:~~n try t~;~r~~! ~~s~~iils; ~~s~sxntrrit as,n4451~Gf t~>all+.~~ts~ }pupils cc~g~~augs. I'llis is a3t iniparcam ~ic~ysinn, u# ~+~ilcrrn tea ~are~i~~, and it rasa h,~vc ~ sign~~car~t

i~n~act ~~n a puy l's c~wn s4lt=rstcen~ ~~id t`rierx~s~e }}s: It is essc aeial teat there is r~:lial~lc anc~ trans}~~rc nt~i~i~i4~sr ~ ec,~~i~s~xsrt t(tis cl44isii»k s~j~:Pt t4 Tc~~,t]~ i~c~t~t eticl-nE-y~c~r 4craio~,lcaai~~s {?r ci}~-~'1=[~rrti t~~~._.

5~ tlSe eprc su}~a~cts ~f Eja~lis[~, ~iiatiiem;tties :~itd sri~ticr, flee results ~fà~~y~l vt Ke}~ ~ta~e'~ ar Ife}',Staff;

3 St1Ts arc user. Tlj~ t~:~cf~~ is ag'cnli ~,s~~sri~cnt-~t` tl~c p i}~i['s Mass H~ork ~in~ ltonscEvc~r~, c~e~~:r tii~~4}I1C~,4Q{~1jiV.Yt'ryiF ~lYt]ViC~~~ ~41t~~tCK i1''ti~C11{'-Cc .

~, T~ m~~~ur~.end-~f-~our~~ a~hi~v~rr►~nt

Tl~ia siint«~~tivE~ a~.~css~nc~it t~c~lnll~~ fa~;r-a_ tl►c. i'r~€ni gEari ~~taui~~~icr~ gt~~tc, ~c cotrr~cw~'urk ruairk, ~~r ;~(N~:) .3t~.ii»i~t~~t~t I~:vc~1. ~':~~rrsntl}: X11 pt~~i6~ ~~re asi-rii}rci a fcE~e:l ~~t attiituneeat iit ?;:c~1a pr file: c~riipc~►~riitC7~ :11t~~~ a~t~]j4~C ~~ tE14 ~11{~ QI ~aC[S ~~}` ~tl~~_ tf 6~ it ff~Yit5.l~~iiC~~'~'~fltCtlt [a61 ~~it e~4't~ c31~;iG}11t~Yc~6itcttt ttl

a ~i~~i~rct, aiad pan d~terininr entry tc~ ~i~t~s~gsiei~t`st~~~s ~~'~duc~ti~n, snit i~ iEiip~rta~nt.th~c tlic

~s~4ssl~t~ttt is rtiEiust` rs ctte,ctise c~fbii~~~t~rc~i~(1}' nt~ipit~rrc! fc~rvalis~icy;in~l rcliit~ilty.

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~tA A3~~55hM1~N'~

~t~t all e~u~1¢rie5 ~1ace clue sa~ti e€t3js►i:esi~ uart G.e'tern:~) r ti:~r~~i~r~ltfe~iys :at s{i~ se c Wit' 1 G :~e~d 1 t3 :is dries33ritaiit. Fisr c~.~~t~~le Ai~~tralia leas ~~~+~ t~~~I }~~l~lic c~n~ii~ation~ tier m~n~ years ~Ui~~}~~, t~~l~j.

94. T~ compare pupils

Page 11 of 71

.~:; Y:4~~ :ty.Sllli~5~~.~t~iii~Xi`.til~.p~l~l►~s,: 5E4'ti~IYSClli I5 ~l)illt'~I[YieS 1i~;Ct~ (o ji~nCc CC:ttllt'~'~ -Iti :~ t';iti~: (iYr~ii. ~f-

~u~~ once ~e,nit»c~n }~ra~ticc iii sc~ft~e selt~l~ f~ r~uk ~u}~ils iu ~act~ teaef~iri~-~rc~ti}, ~it4i}tl~ly in eachsaUjc~t, as u~c:il Fis i~z all.s~al}jccts by enmbi~~ n~; their tt3arl;~c tar ca4.li sit~ijcct. TI7Eti4' hl:~~; ssrcicrs ~~;+~rcdis~lay~•it nc~ ~t ~c 1►c~ul ~~uii~rk~c7,lrc{, +i~~~~vitt~ ilte pc>Sit cxus cif ~;~c}~ p~t~iil. 'T~Giti prcxes~ tlic~ ~a{at sari>vir14i~if~ari~i~~iun atc~uc ~uliae,pu}~il, ciiuld:uid c~tild ~~et ~cr, lat~t i~3dic~ted-anl}~ tltcir,~uri'urrrt~3eire r~1:zt`r~~~tU utiirc pupils. t~ well as km rwui~ ~~~liat their rt~ilclri~t, r;►n ar~cl cannot ~C4,, p~r4 nts Yri {un~i~ r5t~ncl~l~lY)et~~xrert~c~{ tt3 k~~~tiv l~n~v their child is peri itàuiit~; r~l~th~~:tn c3thcr pupils in tf~4 ~las~ car s~kinoF, indsa~~pari~c;i~s liki thc~s~. ~tescritxcl al~avc Iti l~> par~~tts; ~1ir itifc~ema[icri► that they:are c~~+iu~; ~vcl1' ciu4.~.not n~ccssaril}~ assua~c. parc~ital aa~:ricty a~iti cr,~~cc-rn. Tlicrc is ~I~va~~ the ~i~sigcr! I~o~vi vcr, t~~~e s~~chcc~rti~~r~ t~i~s attav hai~~~ a ~t4~~ti~~~.4flctt t~t~ th4 ~nuti.,iti~ri ~;~t"n~a~il~ ~v~~~~ fire. ~a„twi~t~iitly~h~sl(}~-yinSU~~1 ~5tii's~F11c~1LS.

1~.:Tcr mrnitc~r teaching and infs~rm planning

T'hr results c3t`,~; ~~,sin~azt i~cl~ t~'~rl~ers tni~t caut tlti. ~tc~tt tv i;~l~itl~ their tc.~ -liiE~~ late lain cf~eetiv :`t'iiis t~i~ iurt cltc~kin~ fair r~r~~icr tai~ctin~, lir~tli iii ~ r~n~ ai'~~itin~ t~-~ };'iit3w i~a~~ifli jat~pil~ l►~~~ gra.j~~+~~~~}►at yu~~ ~vcrc try~n~; ~a track anc! a9sc~ thUs~ ar+fktls'~t ~t~e topic 1e~rn tl Eip ~upila. Tl~c ri~utts:~ls~ tilly~~ii ~vlii~h tapirs s~~~d rcii~t%~rc~~nent orb ~li~n~4 ~f tenrl~iir~ a~a~ro~tE~: Tlir- i~iCorait~ti~n c~u l~zl~ t~.~ittenrily +Vetkness~~ i~~ }~c~ur traeliit ~, ~s ~v~ll ;os drfiri~, iii Fjupils' 1~~tttitt~, Sceir~c~tt ttcteliers suu:~llyItat~c tci tivrite cval►tici~it~ ~f t[tcir lc~so~z~ as pcut oi" their es}.~crisa~~ ;end ~n1~i~+ 3tudc~it tcilclicrs ~;aiEi~i~C~ti~t ia~si~l~ta into their lc~sans tc~in ~l~rir r~*al~r~eitzt~s 3nd~e~t~ccria~i.. ~di~ice was I~s~c~n cvatuatia»~c.~t~ ~; t%i~u~d itt lJ4eit~ 2,? ~t~tl 5.~, ~~ yrturc:{ityrs4 ntt~fcri:~la c~i~ t~ttlit~4; ~;,};, cht` tJ~t~cr.:it}~s~f ~;~~c ttrt~;i:fit ~littp;Jl~~~t~4,ties.s~~u}:J--~m2~#2/l~ist~ryg~;ecla3st~~t~.

'~2. T'c~ pror►~de information which wi(I m~keteaehers, s~chonts at~d LEAs~,~~ou~t~h~~ fir their per~c~rcr~~nr

Itcer~re ~t~ver7n~~~~it~ li:~v4 used tlrc ~rst~[ts cif ass~sstner~t.tcs cuait~aft seftu~ls at7d,I.EA~. ~'liesca~sc:lii~~s~tt~* inrlud:.I~~re~3tazplr.inEi3glaitdtEte~ahlicatitanaftttcael~il.ve~nt~ttt-a»c! ittai~ii~~c~tttat~l~s(I~agnet~l,lr~) ~,f c~;,nr~~,:~tiut~ ps€`fiiirF~~~~t~'s c~1'~~a}~ils~ ~t (➢C:S~ :~~~r~ (it1P; t~ Icv+:l ;~s w~l(~~ t~3c t~5t~4ts.c~I 5~~~`~ i~~ Lai ;lisp, m.~nc~~n:ttics a~~d sci~iice; ~`l~c ~~ttblic~tic,~i of tlra~~`"tilile~ 1~a3 I~e4i~ ~ika-~i3drta~d fitNaRlt~ri~ Ircl;~nd. h~,n-aEat-I~ni c ~ja~:i aUotit scl2~inls ~crr ~uccl iii die acs~~untafsitit}~ ~x4rcisc, ~czcli ;~ssittrttclu~t.~• Fau•s, rlcacicmi:: data can lay' ~as~~ii iii ~ scl~s~~,( to ~i~t~t~~arc li~ytl~ t4i~+ai`tmcatt~ ai cl tcaa-l~crs:

-~a~-1~c, ~;; s~ l~o~,f„~,cl LLA, :ve ptxl5litl~~;ii~cc~t~~it~~tr I,i~r t}i~ s~auct;i~c15 af~~tu4azi~~l~,c~E'tl~eir pu~,ilti:

flc~uuu~a6ili~}~ h:~s Lunn :~ ~u~itr~,~~cr~i~f aria, iidt (~7s~t hrcausti c~l'~cttertiuicrt~:~ttcmpts~c~ i~f:ikc ~~ins]f3 ~~t1~~1~5` ~C,1f311[li; ~~.lr[ l7f 411' ~~CCtC+i'[1].tf1C~` ]11~!la~GEtl~ll[ 4~IG~Ch~3"5, ~lf~rctltl~; fb1C.l~' ~~F4l~C.~Blc~tla~ F~dV

,SttL~ ~(l~:~nCt~ta,~~nt. !1~;srsstn+~qts ;~r4 tlsct~ ~~~ ~~}t~~otstcl sGt t;~r~eis 1izC i~t~pruvcltlt;a►t, ~:llsttvn ;3s 't,~r~;et

~ci#iii};. 1111 ~13~t~is ift Er~~f,;i~d e~csivc t~t~~~i tl►c I~t~~s a }s~rtf"c~lic~,c~~SI'crtc~r~n;~t3cc :~n~ ,AsssssrircntData' {1'fl[~ii-~t1), wlairh r-nahlcs than try cnin~}.lre their scht~ol's" }}ccEùrmanet: ~znth s'sn~ilar' sei~~~3s;



UAiI7': 6.1 A~55~55M~NY ~Q~t L~A~tNtN~ 311

StiT71~3YtC~` ~:tSca t1t5-~atc 5211i1i~C~` t3E ~YlS~l~s I~t<tvtlF~ Pct s~~iClt)~ tilt 3~s~ ~:3~i~;~t s~~t132~.'tS t~CSf~*i.1Ct~ IfX 1':.tfS

~t~niar~is of ~c~4acatia~~;~l acliievEtn~e~c Tiation<7[t~~ {I~t~E. ] ~~3t~~}. ~~t-Is3t s~li~~l~ I~;~vt acc.~s~ tai nnti~ii;~ld~t~tiauli~~~:at~l~tt~:~fi4tivti}tseitz~€~ls.ti~l~s.t;nxal:~.13c~~c~~►nark:irt~t~a~~iar4~rnvi~{~cliret alcssn~~ilarl}~c~t~lin~ ar ~12icEa:tl+vs~~~elcaraain~,:iv~ttes.}~c~~•.~~~u°ritst~v'fe,~r~e~vs Diet.~6ls.as}~?Nrtivs113=2s'7~#~:

ASS~SaMEN'F Fi~t~ A~Ct?t]NTABILITY ANQ A~s~~~fUf~NT ~{71t L~~I~1+~IN~:~~~~Nl' C?~V~L~1pi1~~N~'~' CIV ~15~~~~11~tEN~ P~t~1t:7ÌC~ 111 YHE lJK

A4ti4,45titl't~C fii1~ S3L'~It f>11t' S)1~kilC A~illt~4~°M'1~11t1t1;i )~-44t~S14i~~ Ui1 (kl~€4"}` GV4C tit[ "~1'1$X 1\V(.} {~+~4 64~CS,.i1i1~{ #~14

Ctlitl~:7F1[IVC It31~61't31tt`c Stt:[t'~IZt~ [6 SSSZSSItlt tit fi~b~' 3CCK~tiF,lC3~}I~ICV :lil(i 3S~C5Stlit; ilf~ ~OP ~~~T'i5{Ii{~1715

l~acittatct{ cs~~cr clti~ ~,cricxG. T.j~k ai l.? ti<<as €~csi~tcci to Itc1E~ yUtt ap~rsria~c s~t3~rut thz tcn5i~i~l~c~vc cii

n~.~citipt~r5e tc~ }~ra~~itt~ rte~citint~q~iility in 3lt~ ~vl~c~lc~ rdu~;~ti<~►i s}'stmt, :s~zd :t!:~~,rt~~n~t~t dcsi~*ned tcj lt€ f~iiicl~~~itli~at }~~fpls iEr~pri~ti•e ~lieie le;irgi~~~_

Rce~~~EiitabilTty in tlic}~ec-lVacic~nal Cka~riea(um cr-i w~~~ e~~ parttli~~ni~~h sclt~ol rcperrts; T~~r-se ~v~jrc~r~c~"L~i~M E7ft4Et xa~,Ltti: a ~~~t~~`ts ta, I.~} ~r~~l {i. t.'~ h«.v ~'a~rtl~4r~<rattt~3E~ti cat }~T+:.-1~3~ a~+4~s~ta~ ttt ant7ci41st~~itli [>ri~f`:~~es~~np;~it~iizg~ ~c~r~itst~~~tary ~:~t~ hr t~utz~. g~~litte at ~htt~:r'}'ti~'~v~4;iiF~.~~;trt</`~ii242fltistorypt;c~,~ass ~~r-rlconir,}~tn~~,

~hIS V0~,1S~(t4~g~ t~~~5 4[7f U~t~1C ~ik~kp~'~'S1t~11~~1 (GS~..tt~.~h~~~t2td"4a~.lT~ti{ia1 l}~'~3 ~1tIS3Ika1~~ tlCtt4-li~!l/T~ ~4b{'

rt~~~;17t[j :IiEt~ ~~1NCSt 1t5bYC k'I~i1tU113 :~k1t~ ~11,~CCl~t'. 1Y6.~]?l'4.f{~}+1[lb' :i1tC~ 1tlL~itiTftl~ ~41CT11il~; QItGCt)Y1II~S~.is~

En;lash ~~: ~~A~•'~""c~ ~~ct4'a.Ss. ~ . jV

French ~. V+~~ 4_~ ~,.a+ ~{,~.~F -

l~hsAemaei~

~hstr~istr~r ~"~~~.,~~~ ~ !,

~~ i~

Figure f.~,4 A pttpif'S 54h9a1 rep~ft, i~~~5

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N~f~'i~... ...... _ ,.. ,.. ........... ....a.

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FIgur~.~rt,~ A~u~i~~ physiC~l tr~iniri~ rg~vrt i~6~—$

Page 13 of 71



Ut~IY'< 6,1 ASS~S~Nf~NY ~t?ti L~Ak~Nihl~i 313

~et;ttea frshs~iteeite} ~~~~[ rY7iiEan~ t~:celfzes, ~e1~~~Is ~trii t~~rU cn~rz accc~t~tjt~t~1~ r~i Etre }iublie }~rirse.Thin }~~lic}' E<<as also se~ii as a ~vty cf'd ri~~ii~~ u~' c~iifr~tion~l :~tl~i~.lrcts Inc{ I~as led t+~ sr=Zr3~lar~liztc~n~~tlae~~ie s~f zn~asurih~ ~~~ta~utic~i~al ~sat~~i~~estl~r~u~hi~~4t~tii~ p~ticxE c~f~cyr~i~uls~ry r~~3i~c;~ti+~~t i~~4t~p~!q~.lhnititi~ asse~srnettr ic} estkru it t:u~~nin;riioais ac 16 a►~ii Ili.

`Chc t>rii;i~zal asxsssntc~~t n~~7d ] aEilic 3~I~~tiQnal Gurriculw~~ in Eri~lani~ anc~ t~~ i►~elud~d iti icsrct:v►tttnctt~atu»s ~ tcnApoiiii sc~~lc at rc~~rciti~; ~~rc~~;r4as ~i~t~~c1 t~ a ~-riss cf~rac~cc~ IcvcC c~~scri~,tint~s~leV'~Es 1-1(}} ([7~.~i#~{~, ~'?l3~, [lac iCt3El`t' Y~ej~iart7- Its 1tJ~J~.tls~~ t~ii~dt~l i~;e~ ;1t~i~~t~eti E« £i~;lit lctrs'.Is~~l~s ~n~ fir 'asc~~}~zi~tt;~) ~tcrf~rr~~~~ncr' ~l~f~, [CI~I~~. l'ae c~~f3 suFij~;~;c, 1iin~ ~=ritt~tl ~c~~ctt~~~~is ~t'cx~seetcd pertc~r~zaaiT~c. ~vrrc ~rctclt~ccc~, calJcc4.attai~in~e~~t tar~eis (AT.~}, tc~ dcssri[~s ~ro~r~~sin~~.i~zac~hi4~~4rt7~~~e l~ti.hv~~n tty~ ages t7f`:~;titt~ 14.

Tltrsys~c~tit7f'fcuel~ ufa~tXi~ tisciic', i ru~asuer~ Uy Sr~'1'sa~itf teaclier.usessi~t~tit its iliL eur~ suGjccco~`~r~~iisl~, mac~~t~tatiz~ :~n~~ scic►~rc, to~cther ~vitlx ~>tt6lic e-y~mirta$~r~ res~j ~~ ~Utslcf tern he eiscd tcstij~k~ ct»txp triit~tss rat` Fat~~il }~~rfc~rr~~~»t~ 'acrt~4~ tli~ ~ttrrictelt~n►. '1 It~sr sa t}~ cia~;~ trrcrr ~tscd ~3 c~ tc~cot~i}rar~e! the ~~ti~r~t~.E~i4e o~clej~artt~iet~ts~at~cl teiiehers iri► sclac~c~1; ot`s~liacsls u~iElair~ a« LEr~~:t+iti,firt;►lly, LEt1~ i~ati~naM1}t.Tl~is prnccss is an rx~~nplc o~ «ne asst sazient i~~stna»i~nt licin~ ussd to ni4n~urrr'any' til~ar4t~k s~41tt~~tti+i~a)1~ct«r~, t1~ 3~~;~;~ic~ at t~t~ ti~~~

fare uP tl~~ z•easzi~z fc~r the Teru~t,z~tc~ 'of tt~e TEsAT Rc~grt tiff c13c DE~~'.'z~ivit scr~n~e, ~tid~~~litici~rts Fvit~ riic f eet tlfa~ it ~lclivc~' tfi~ r~.c~~tir4ci ksiarcau~r;~ti~- d~r3, tli;~i is, pn~il s~brs~+';3it l~ a `4~at~el tc~ s14c~~v r~st~lts #'car a Gla~x}a s~li~~cal,and 14~ttril~ L~.A Ec~r~ can~f,actciv~ ~+~tt~st~sr;s.

{~'tSViOlI~ l~~!~. ~4)~

A ~~ii~~~I~6aci~raal Gi~nie►~tte~n r2ant~3EC Ut a r~.~c~ctc~n a pua}i1's ~~•Up,R+~~s~ FS~~ur~ (~ L(a. ~;i3~s ~a~ iiie~cati4~,of tE~c radi~ai tilttjec aii'c1►,atis~ tci a5si~st»c~ta a«tt rr{x5reir~~;lrcatr~~~t~c~~cs ~tsc~ slaiicvs t3re~re a}},ctic;~n~ ~Eet~il~d Fcedbac~ ~n dig ~i~~~il`s pr~~;ress tli~n the ~arli~r m~l~ls. TBic icqu rcft~ nt tc~ a•~p~rt ~Ccvel vl'.~tiaii~iii~nt ie~ sr~ry sz~tsj~rt ai tl~c ~ai~3 t~f`~ar(~ Kcy ~ta~c csf'Edi~catin~i ~Isa ~I~t3intastr~tcs cftttiva~ its ~vhicly te;~ri~~ i; s~i~uc,t tract C,~A a~z~ua~3~t;tbilit} ~4~~~~ia~v Esi~ilt int{~ th'~ ~ctiEr;3tittnat systc~n.

Tlais is r~+~t ~u ~fie;~est t~i~c all rrcexit cic~c~~~im~~st~ in Js~essn~c~it leave IiL~Er,E~vsiei4~c~ aie~Eut~~~rot~l~~t~~iic iii their efi~è~ts ~ti~inl~ 3i~~k ~n~icla t tea it w~~ald ta~:c the t~-~~l~cr to corn~il~ the ta~tcr4C'~[~st~. #~ leil~~ICF t1l'i~.ltitf4 :L+;j}~c't [s~~:~5rt`4Yt4 ~t~~iit+'. I'+ ~~7C. tiVi~4° s{4vC7l4Rf iG ~}I`v~ltÌFI~ Ic)Y ~ t4*~t [jf

t`.X;l7ltitY3Ct4J13 54~Y9i`~1 3it3~ ~?h it[ tli~: ~\'`~cF13s.}' Q~ i5[~1L',P f~dYillilr~~..~OE}i~ C417l iTlliii3tt}CS.PF'Ct}~r[I[Yiitl t~t~SC

CC=i1C~1CT~ t)Y1~T~d~ {~4~~'~l iU Cfll'~.~1'~IL 3tlC~:CtSiPCQIIif1C( O[I GV~lt1[ IS [Q~.1C tC5YC4~~[lS~ LF~iiC tV~3 C.1S~t0 IG~f

r3thCr ttaa►~ tc~~lii~i~; dta~ trill Er~1c~t}~ sif ~ltt c~~ti~ietflt~t~i (~;t~~t~art aiYt~ tri~~}~~; [{~1~; 7c~~kar~ec, ?(k')~;k~ili~tn; 2t~t~, ~ir~ac cc:~ckycrsnrt~3 ~t~~n}Y 3~'Itaais aee still «Frestli'r~~ ~.oitl~ dic ~,i~u1~Ia:5►~ e~~'ft«cv co c~i3~~_l~cst cis ca#à~sc~smc~zt, hc~tiu tai cnsikrc thac tine ti~~~ anci et'ti~rt invahFed icy a~scssi~tg tracEii~n~ andI~arroi~~~ is i~eje,+~a~;t~<~: i~r ~vc:~4 rt~i~rite~?nyclu~ti~'r:.

`rjTe6`t ~1:7v~7ec§t tttCPC25111~Ca)tlfCt71 :it)i)t!{ ~t)111cas~eCtS ijf~t{ie c11Ci'CIft;1P1'1.t5ic311~t5tS tt~t'.i.~SC>slt5ciit

acid tc~iinc~, tlr~re is n~s~~ ~h ~rncr~i~i~~~~is~n~us,tE~a~ the ~lc~~e~~ipn~c~lt oi'asstssErreiit fir leai~i~i~3g is,t~oty ~ v~ry arn}}~rtar~c fact+~r in c~ittr~ti~r~ ~>~}lisy any# ~r~cs ~~:,

t1Vhy i~ ass~ssmer~t ft+r le~rr~ing ir~~~r#~r~t?

'~~3C}i~l'S CI~ViYcsS~~~12~ IS1~13V ~lC}ltl'S ;laSCSSitI~, fGc'i7Pt~IFt~; ~lif~ P~~6PII115~z,~7it~t1~S' W(3F~. jt 13 h~CfC:I {`t14~L3t'S71

of h~~~ ~e~ri~ li a,~~,.~x~~~~f y~-~u ~1~, ~r }~~~v «rrEcfr f4cdbac~ ~~u prnwicic, bnt l~~x~~. iialE~tf~c~urt,}~ }vu kisi~ti~~s:~ttsc~~it cis itttisr~t~ }~c~ftr fttt~t~~ tt3ck~bii~, ;iitd y~~ ter Ecetl[~,~~k tsi pupils. 5ev~~l cc~trtrtta7►t,iti~rs It~var~u~d that ~tlueli ct~rr€nt a~5csstt~~itt ~~acti~e in sst~~c~i~ sce~~~s a~si us~Ci~t parpa~sc ~4f~at~ tier, is -~ 4wi~t~i~f'tirnc~ aitid i~~a}c cv~t~ ~4'i~c}tiittcr~rociucti~r; (t'ai~ps, I~~~', d}csfi~r~~s, eQSl3),

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X14 A~~~SSM~NY

~nytt~v~n High ScMnol

Subject: Science Cate July 1~9

Ndme A pu~it Foam 9~

~ifnrd Grade A Attainment ~r~de ~

Set iEf apple~abl~~ fi you# of Sa

Key: ,~ =1/er~ g~~i, Lt - Gnod, C = S~tisiacfory~ P = k'~or, ~ =Very ~a~r ~wi~hir~ the s~i?

Key 5#age 3 Yeacher Ass~ssmec~t; Level 7 Key Siac~e 3 NC SAT Ais~ssment, L~euel 5

T~~~h~r C~r►nrriert~

Arttitony ESa~ ~cE~~ev~d ~n ~v~r~c~e of 87'3 ir7 tt» class s~i~r~~e t~si~ tiyis y~~tt tt~€ clays ~ver~~~ ss7~~`0: W~ a~ a bright bey +rrho has st~atti[~r imprcnPed and w4rk~d hard. Wig w~itt~n vdark ~scansistentl}~ good, but homeworks Cauid be more thoraug t, melhpdical and n~a#. He ~cvuld ~Isvask end answer milts ~uestio~s in class. At tits trto~ttent, physics is his weakest area; he must madesut~ tt~~[ #~~ huts ~Xtra ~ffo~ fry I~er~ ~c, kt~~t it ei6~s n it ~ev~t~~ ar~t~r ~ a~~c~-t~~vn weakness: Hssgoer#~~rn~n~~ ]n t6~~ Sta~d~r~6 ~4ss€~sjm~~1 bests (SATs) did nitre€~z~€# Isis t~rr~7 ~r~~r~rsaace, 'Pi~is is#~erha~ because I~~ dick ~Qt r~Vis~ ihQrQ~ghly, pr +rtith m~ihc 4~r~d ~rrc~ani~~ti~sn, li lay ~Qniinues to1N'Of:~ Ill[d, he is capable of ~ gcaod pErfarmance at G~5€,

~igr~ert~: A. T~~t~er

Figure 6.1.G A ~3ioa9 r~par4, 1X99

Lay eon~rast other rcticar~li has ~6c~~~7~ diet tie use of~~scssntc~►t to ci~~~c~flp ~~~s~~ili" fi~tur~: leatnin~yna~:c4 ;t ~til~st~ni'tal c~ift~r4nec~ to NE~~ifti' attitude try ]c~rnirt~;, tcj th4ira tt~a~cit~~a~t with sela~3nl sxtl~je~~.~;.tc~ [lien niotiu~tti~a sc ~v~11 is their a[tsi~iit~ct7t (I31acE: ~r sil.; 2l?Ll~; Black ait~ L~,~'i]E,tnt; t]~~t~; ~lprpt~~;[t~19), t3Cac6: ~~t rat. (b11~13) E~r~uc that ass~ssm~nt Cc~r 3~arnin~ ~vtdd dc~ ~iic~re t+~ impe~~~e tduratiarialCtilatc't~la~s tlt;att ~INttc~St ss~ty c~ilk~;r• iiav~:sitttet~S itt csitrr~atic~n,'TItc~4 ~;+}cx1 ~~ss~:~s~itc~ic Eira~trc~ ~~t~y Ir;~v4 apresfauncE inflt~rtitc un lcarr~in~;. Yc~f~ tt~ay like icy rrl'rr su Task ti.'~. t iU ~csstsi~icr 3spccts ciF:ssse~smc► eiIl VOtIT O1Vt] Ci1UC8C1oE7~

I~GS~4 ~47f7411~,; all Ii1LC~~E~,7C {7~ 11114~CTti~:iT1C~1 n~jT D['~ 34.~iC~.5fi1Cfl~ ~t1T ~4.1C1i1►1~; qS {`~TN'~ .l5 E7c1titi7~]~~ t73 ~t{7lif.~t~G1 S[t1t9;1~ c~Pti4~' ~1~.~ iiil~ :l ~SI~ ~i~1C411~;~ tc5 ~1t7~t~ ~t➢4iC0t ~~4a11 :tPc ;"t~5~{' ICY 1'111c~ ~`tlG9P :}~g~S}t31 t3~ c't~

pupils` t~~c~rk attd pray€cs~ Purpascfi►1 and ~vortit~k~i~ifc.'i'liri~~ a►rr sUn3c tcEisitrns bch~~cc~~ assessmsn[#«r 1{arrt tt} arici s5tt~cr titricii~~ns of"a~s~ssnitnt; we tuns #int ti} rvlt.~t'a.s~t~san tet f~~r leai•itir~t;' mc:~lis.

1NHAT [~~7E~ t~S~~55MENT FAR LE~4RNING' MEAN?

VG'cc rcfcrrcci earlier to fi~r►natit+r a s~~s~iicnt as ~~s~ss~iie~zs iti•hicli prcr~ncles iigfc~riv;~tian ~}lii~1~ ~ai~ :yid~iettltcr ~r~r~rc~as, ciia~;n{asc rtaa4:ris f~sr bc~tb ~u~xl an4l }~~c~r ~~rfcfrinanc~, artd strut }~:+rt cular learnirr~*a~scc3,.i3f:~ckcyctf: (~ZH)~}~;i~ fiirtt~cr;~~tds~~littG ~s4rs~ttts~rGlij~l4:~r•e~i~y~';~~ :pity:lsse~y►t7c~xtl ~rxvlt clttl»tine ~riai•ic~~ is ec~ ~n~c kh~ }j«r~ase of~rc~motin~ siitd~nE3 i~ie~~io~. tUi ;~s~~s~n~~ii a~sivity ~i~i laeip

Page 15 of 71

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U~IS': 6.i A~~~S~M~N~`Ft~~i LEAfiNlly~ 315

l~irr~iry~;'if ➢t ~rruviclts i~1fc~~t~ta#i is to ~ ccsz~3 :~s fzedlsa~€:l~y° i~;telzers, cuycE !sy rlici~ sc~ir9et~t5 iat cusc~sits~;

tl~e~t~~chws~nel 4acit c~tlz~r, ra jti»~1ify tltir t~:a~liin~ and Ic~F~rit~g activities in ~vti€clj tl~e}~ ara cr3~a~~~1',

tlEa inipc~rt~nt tc~~tA~rc ~f~~;4a~ fs~~nativ~ ~s~€ssmcnt pra~tic~ i~ tf~~ i~7~e~~xttic~~a c~fAsse~,~anerrot a~ti~~itit~

r~tcf ci~)~-tci-c1,~}~ lcael~in~ stctirities r~tl~er tl~~i~7 C}►eyt~E>eir~~'ts~~l:c~i-~~d~" ~4 :a sc~~~az~aic~ ~lctiviry Sateh

a~sca~nicnts earl F~c-a v,~vttla4ukiilr_ ]cae~iL~~ e~p~ris~~iec t+~r pt~pi[~ and not just a~~ ac~au6~istratite task t~

tneastarc [~,tenia~~; tlii=y s6t~ul~1 ~c~ tEr in the cutjtEtit of ~tn~cr7t 4v~ark nr~* ~« pre~~ilr.t~~s, ~sujcc`ts us

~s~cxh~~~, ~vhi~ij ~~cittci~3cly cii~;a° i1Yr~7e, .vl~i~:}7 t3nl~i tl~rir• jij~~r4~[ :en~1 ~i~tjiel~ ji3titi~,tee tl~~~n ~~~ dti}

A t~sr#i~1 st~~parri~i~; i~c~ is tltc plaizr~in~ Imp', eh~1~i~1e cnr-grt~posscs i~ai~r lcar~aii~~ Qbjc~tiv~s, I~o~,~~

t~y:tc }tj~~•s ~lrcrt~, ~~ ~c~tir~~;, ,«~cssit~~;~isel c~ rl~+:itit~g. ;~ttd f rain witi~lt a revi+4~! pct c~~ l4atr~it~g<~Fi}~~ tivctietncet~F; sec Fa~urc ti.2,7.

This ~Ic~es not m~~ii that c~~~~~ rY lcss~~t ltas ~t~ E~Zvi an ut=l3tiilt test bt~t;

~tEt~r, ;~ ri~ur~ s~ibtl~ form c~fotr~;« rid, ~r~l~icr~:~t~d i°~tti~ttirey~~; slt~ul~i ~ rt ~plcry~a t~~l~i~h ti~s~+li6~ ~ut'kieici►t to ~~ta~Ec ~'c~~t tc~ Cc:cl c~j~tij~ttt th;~c t1a~, i~ttende~~{ le~retiit~, i~ ~cc~Errin~.~l4verkh4l~ss~ tl~~r~ is a rnit itcr~ tc~r #fi rma] tsst~+ tTuni tin~c tcj erne ~tFcl a14t~ the use i~f1sc~rtt4~vc~r4~ #t~ c~~li~~lp j~~c~t~€ tli4 i4.3,~Mt1►~, c~cra~r~cir

~K}miacc~t~,1~k~18: ~~)

~4,s:~~~sri~~~t# a~tivitics ska~3~~~1 ~~c v~~ib~l ~ci ~it~ i►~si~k~t~ into pupiC~' ~a~t~eFtt~r~diEt~; t~#'S~13at tltty is~cGeitr}; ~ske~( t~ tea~u, ~:~1lit~~; ~n tE~e~ tx~ic3e ra~~~,e cif` tc;irfsu~~ strats~;ics critpt~}~~d E~y t~actrcrs, Ttses,:IIIE.IiF{Il.t f'~r ex;~~n}~1e, kvritteit tasks, ski[fiiE] ~nc1 sia~tainec~ gdiesciQniayg, an~i discc~s~io~i ti<<itks the whole

rla:~ c~fwtne i tt~ 1~ 14~rt~s~d. ~n a~clitic~n, t~a~~t~rs lc~ca~ ~'c~rs~~~veri~caici~~ ts~ tali tc~ inc~i~~ic~~al ~u~~i1

;j~.5t)l1C t}Ic tY i4'ttY~:. ~~C~iCF.'1.tiStSrìllttit 4iP;tt~~IC~ Iilti~ttc~C 19~Ii1~, ~'~~t~5119 tt7 t~1:14Y t7litiC~ Iti:I~S, Sj~it{CY(~I;l}~T;I1IlS,

~ivint~ a sliQ~t c~r~l pecscntat~c~a i~r ~nt~ruittin~ a ~~~tcr ~itn~[n~riEiE~ig their u~c~rk. It 9s ~rn~art~nt not tc~r~l~~ ~~i c~n~ ti~ent oCtc~ti~x~ ~uc7r ~s E,tapils' wristcr~ w~rtc. ~vla~~i in~kir~~ats~g~i~t~rits ~n }~crts~ra~Jn~-~,

1 Yot~ ~varet t4i~aeh

S~ri~thng

5 Thse cycle I I ~ Ycsu ~t4empt~i~r15 ~~ai~ to teach at

~s Yw~ ~~mg u~ ~i#h 3 Yau as~ss leat~rirrg~ re~s~is~cl tarn rte __ _ __ end t~tv ed#~ctis~~

ab~~ttiv~ rv~~ yotr~ 4eachang

At ~t.~~je~ ~ ,i! tr ~~ ~ycl~; 7~af1 rid ~+~~r ~as4r~ktr~c~ ~t~u~(d 1+e al5~t hcrr,~ i~ os s~iura' Ic~~r=~.i:_~ a~td t~tt~ ~tif~ecfiv~~~~ ~k y[~ut ic~tl~itlt~,

Figure 6 7.7 Thy }alarming/teaehinglass~ssme~rtlplan~ing Icmp

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916 ~1~S~~ShA~NT

'~ea~Exi~~~ .iii~3 lc~rii`sn}~ :irc di1~~Ycjtt atti~~itic ; ~,~~tt should tint nsst►i~~i tlisc'l~ec~use ~~ou Dave t~u~li[it, pupils have th~eetarc. (caraiccE i t'. I~~ mJny Irssaris, ~~me, ma ny car sys rro all tl3c pctpi is t ail tc-s ~miicrst~rndsnzn~ cat the tltin~~ tlt~t thc- t€ach€r i4 try~ra~ tc~ t~c~~E~, t1,4szssn~~nt tixr 1~arnin~ h~1ps ycau, tc~r~°~~~ipl~,!~s iiCc'it3e:

~ I-iauc. ~u}~ pu}~i(s r~~tly und~rsti~od t~~t3~t I a~n trying tc~ kraclt, or ts~i~lit tltcy f~r~v~ it in a fct~~c{nyslYll~feli bits li;~E~~ ~li~}~ ~;e~s~~~ as►d wl~ic]~ t~it~ :ire 3iili ur~learjs~d_~r c~~~l~ ~~aetialty u~~~ie~s€~att3

• t7o I ~c~~! t~ ~~ti ~ti~r thr e~~5i~ main ~ncl, if s~, ~vitl~ sc~tnfi or all 01 tGo ~uFiils~?" 1X~'hat c9c~ i tc~a~h rtetit?

Stu~1~«t t~dtt,~ts oitei7 ~valuat~ tfi~t t~sson t~ef~2 it~ey f3a~.~t r~~arketf ~u~ils' avc~ek o~ l~f~tet~t~'d~~c~~7' c~ue~tigsilrtg sYt ilt~5~~ft t~f tf~~ n~'kt~~~v~t. tvi~r};' ytaU~ Eat~yilS` i~ ~rii3 t~t~sli~~ryour pupils about thg previous Lesson ~ietor~ v.~nt~nc~ up your 'valuation f~~ the I~s~s~n endS4~t~id~r ~'.~teyi ~f(QCi t~li~ It~~ on yps~r ~V~lu~tits~t,

`~B1lY[ I51)li1C ~~C1P4~t CYI4~C`111t': CtS S~iC)\V` C~11[ ~}[lijl 4~~li~d?1 }1tI~i1~1 Jtlt~ tllltk'C:f'~lL~' ~.~iIG~i7:ttt'S1~]~;C C~C7 ~il

iFn~ctrt~ bftlieirst~bjcr~; ate dig GELS ~Ic~~rn~entary, "dimple IViins~s', alw~~t (e~encr~` ~niscar~c~pri~ns i~~scicr~c~ (Iliclin5t~n, Itl'3t3: 17}.

tlssrssit~~ fur 1c;irniti~; ~t7~~st ~;ca F~~yanc! ca~3cin~ rccatl tc~ cicv~lcaN uncicr~candi~2~ ~n~! .~susstu~tu~lii~t~~d br ~~en 6y pti}~ils ,7s pert QClearnit~~, eatli~r tl~a~ ,~s an ~eiminist~rc~l kest. The t~sl should tes~*lint }~[aric~~ t~~ms "rral ~carnin~;' ratlzrr tjia~t s n~pl}' r~rgttr~;itiCion Q~i~tfvn~iati~n {E-~arlci~ i9t15: t~).

t_z;rr~j+iii i~i~~l ~~ ~srj~i~n~;ir~cGrs~ r~ali rtr ~:r~j kx cfe~nts~~s~ratcc~ t}~ ~~::i~j~; ~~~iv kry«~+~I~ct~~, ;~~ ~7n~ i~=r~izrleas put it, 'Tltc c1t~s~tj hattivecn kna~viii~; X aE~~i usiEr~~ tc~ sE~i~~ka~,c~uc Y' (~iiiebue~, 1 97: 25C~).

Ana~licr ~<m~mr~~rat~r lies said.:tbaut i~ns[rrst~iidi~~~:

I f~sl 1 tit~d~~-~c~ti~t suritttl~i~t~; if (cttr tlu sisi~x~, it Ic,~~t, c~[ìlf4 #'utiu~~ht~~;

# stem it in my o~vn woeds;• iri~~4 s~~m}~les r}f it;• resit ~nizc it ire ~;~ri~us ~iiises:~hd c'rrcunistayiccsg see c~+n~icctia~~~ bcnvse~i i~ a~i~i ~,tl~~r ~;1ets or idtia~,f 111.~t~C 1l54 taf IS ill YlTlca~t.SlU~}Sr

~ ('tll`~4~C 1UI114' l7~ 1GS tUTi$C~11C'~IC4Sz

~ atas4 lt~ O~~Q~~fC ~r r~nnVarsc;

t~i~~~ it n~v }~~1~ its icy tl~~ Gitc~r~ tr, tiR~<1 c ut ~~~1~ac ~,~~r ~tt~cl~r►t~ r4;r(1~~ kr~z~w ~s ~~~~c~~cf ter i~rh ttthey ~as1 ~ivc the a}~pe~r~~~~~ ~t lai~~viry~, cht.ie eea3 Eca~frin~ as ap}~a~ed t~ their ap~~eeutlcaritir~~;.

't'I~us assess»~~iu ~c_ci+~~iti~s l~c~l}~ aiis~v~r t~iicstitins such ~s;

Page 17 of 71



Ut~ll~': 6,1 AS5~55tvI~Nfi ~Ot~ L~At~NtN~ 3}7

• t::~n ~rea~ir ptt~ils ~Eit~~ ajrostia~er Ett~estic~sis cor~ec4(}' it: ~~urt a~l:e~ ~Is~~~r ex:irtly t€~e s:inie ~~tecstic~i►a~ ni tlic Ic~a,~a~i, r,~tli~i~ tlt~3s'aski~i~ ~Eiertt i~a a ~ii~hrl}~ .3%t3~rc~it c4~}~C:~rt they ~~i e{;4 c<}~~~~crticyr~4 tvitlti ~~i~t ra~uatt a~~~c~:;~~~~tE~+~ ta~i~?

r'~s l~riv~~ lsa~ ~~4m3r[.ccd IF:y~•Fu tiv:~iit tt> ~~a~ ~cz[3~c{~fsz ~irccci~~rs~, c~►tt ~3Ptl~c ~"irst c~et~ ~~ic~f7svirta ~,v~~a1cEask is "FWl~rrc are }'aau nutiv?"' ~Drivcr, l~)~1=1:.42). If yc~t~ +a<<int tta tc;~cli pu}~ils st~mr`- hind nc~v~ fin41 tautftr;;t~<<}~;~t tlac`y'k~t~nv.

Atti ir~i~~~~ts€tt ~v-a~ ~u }~r~a~tat~ lc3r~~it5}; is cEtv~J~p ~~~1ic[t tcnrlri~t~. aG~~t1i~.+e,~ a~ict tc°nr+~Id~g ~rrr~~rrr~:x

~3~icasur~E*[r: ca(~jc~civs~).~nd sltarr; tlic~n rvitl~ }your puf fs iE~ a svay~ tlicy ~aaz ut~d~rsianc(. 7`l~is ~tzcac~ta[kin~*;vith tlten~ ~1jet~t zt~~ir I~,~r~~ia~~;. [x 1~~1ps i~x~~rt,Wc: lcarr~irs~; #~~r n3tdtr4~.~s~diti~ it ycrt~ sl~arr:.4itli

cla4.~u, ~.~..

~ critcri<tti~te ~~se tc,~i~d~c tt~eir~crfi~r~n~►~~~,, ~.~, c~i~ality c~~prF~aratini3 ~~ic~ rc~~~rrh, ma~li~lliry~~E i~Xt~srrr~atit~ct, s~rtr~~t~r~~ ~~liv~r}; cyc cc~titace, :~r~s-~~~crin~ ci#'qur.~tic~ns, ~c~.;s}~eci~ie p~ ~f'c~rrTiai~cc i~Gc3'tcawrs ~c~ j~~dgeia~:~ ups}:, c,g, a }~reacnzatic~rE sir an ~ssjy,c~tccti~=e ~;t,i~F~, af~vcarkin~ i~~ a group;

~ ~ ~aln~~l4 a7# ;~ ~;c,~7c1 ri;;~{~r~~4.

~i~uFc. fi~t,t~ sho~~~s Sri :isses~nient ii3$f~um~nE ~~;~}~iel~ attcm~t5 to ~;e~ ~u}~ilti r~, cE~ii~k about ~vh~r is

i~yv~rlvecE in ~k~EiekiYt~; sl~ccs~sti~ilti~ in ~,~a~a}~s. T}~~rc i~ cvi~ietit:c that, sviicn ti~r}~ h:iel ?e'en ~iv4n char~~r~ct~lir~s3;~9~x~z;+~l~~~~~~is~cttrt~.~cx1~ ~~r~tte~; ~r~'x~c~r~n~ irr ~ras~}ss' ~~nci~i-~~t;,z~ 3,~€r ~1~~~~1~ amprc~v~~

~L~ader~auz~, 1~3~§).}l~ ~4n 11 as }~rc~vi~ir~~ is~tiarni~tti4ta ~+~ ~a~t~i(s abcint ~~r~t~r l~arr~ing ciiat~c?»>cs. F «u » cal a ~Is:~r pi~turs

ref pro~,r~~sic~~~' ira yi7larttit~t~j~~t, r.~. t+~ ~;ric~~v ~vka7c Gmrari~ "ate ~;4r t~'~~~c~ ~«~~,,•~,~-r ~~~l~~*'-i,a ~~,rc~~r t~ t~r~~pt,pils atad p[~iil~,xt~n~. Aif r:~~►~~F~l~ t~€ ESro~;f cr~'s~~i rnigfic 4~z Elie ct~~r~e u# ~{~pEzi~tieati~ttj u~iili ~~1~i~3~ptsp~l ,a}~E,rs:ci;ts~ tlttiic~tsr~lcpc~i~iaiccc~i`~laes~`(L~~~~l~t~rtahcti~~lclerst~itt~?ti~7l];7~)~rrti~s`cli~ft~~~uicti~e9s a>E ~'~~lar~~tiutts fcir [~~•Crs` {~rc~,it antl'~`~ert~~r,?ti(1~;117~: ~'fa~'stet~jctc E7csr~~;.~ i~~ tE~~ is rics l c',~tttn~

h~am~F'et~gle in rr~X grqup~T,ASK

C?Ipl ,,.4~Izk~ sa~r~' I kn~~ wt~~~ +~~ s~~r~ ~~ ~rsec[ k~ c~~?~#ake ~ tar~ttibu~iir~ ~a dis~us~s~n€CiSt~n.to other ~a€tde's sdeas7E~iake ~u ~s~ns tp ~m rnv of ~~ ~~'s idea?Encq~ca e~ ath~a e4 ~ to sham th~[r id~aS7 ~~[v~ —_~ fig. ~r~ s~a~~s,nfY~~n:a ~ii~i n~~ a r~~ ~~rit?i #hem?Avail uttir~ vth~r apl~c~iw~7 1fi~ik to ~m~ti~ t r~~n't usu~lt talk ta?~~vel~p ur~~~ist~t~d€rj trf the cask workirt~ with ~thets ~

M~l:e ~ur~ that etret~on~ h~~i som~tlun Q da end ~o red inkfee ~n t~sF;?

_._

~~ir~~~ t~; z~:~r~e~~~ae,1r~ oc~ ~hai~r~ ti~2Make cor~~~r~-~~i~es abut what fa dal- -. z.,~, _ _ _ __ _ -- -- =— - - _ —~6lfIS~A tf ~ t:yS~C .~1h tt(f1L.

€~er~~acr: ~.,~~r id~,as fiearl to lh~ ~e~t cif the tfa~~?

Figure 6.1;8 ,4 pupil sal#-assessment exercise



~~s a~s~~s~i~H~

to Ietc13 (subjcei ~r;t~tre~ itf tlt~ ~~eu€ii3ary. Sclt~cil' (T2c~utEeds~,*efi:eir~tcr) ~sn~'izie sub~jEct dis4ttssic»t iifO~ru~rrssi+~n; :r~cl~r tl~~ attai~~n3eSit t~r~~ts iur tti~ NCs[ar ~n~lzncj.

~1 tiartRa~:r• ~~~siti~~~ ~v:ay=n#'iii~}~rc~viiig l~~trnn~~;ia to invt~I~~4 ~ruNifs in cla4ia- Ic:~uiii~~~aud try tc~ ~I~v~ic~~r~staE~il4' urictenth+t~litsg ofclt4 ~+rt7et~~1~; i4suc:~ anc9~~r~~bletrss i~r~~olved i~a lc;~r~ain~;: ~~ir c~;int~5le,~aU}~ilsnjav tie asked ~o;

~ nt;tl t= their ts~~~a:lt~d~;entent c~r~ tl~c ~:xt4~at to t+~i~icl~ tltc:y iitv4 lr~ntcd st3nsa°tltii3~;it~nrk e~lt ~~hcs='s rv~,rk;~itc'cri[ c<ii trie~id` acivict. to tl~~ir pccri;

~ c{r ry ~~A} a mark acii4~ntc~ ar~~1 ~erfi~Trtianr-c: rritcri~e t1~crT~;:cIv4~;

~u~1i strat~~;ics shit ais4ssiu~nt respoz~s ~iiliti~s uit~F~~~s tlr~ }~upii a~tcl thus ~~yi~l5:uizc tl~~ i~nFurtai5ce.tc> t~iep'u}~,il01 t~kin~ m~ircrr,}rt~~~ il~~li~}~~~r tli~ir o}t~ii j~m•nir~~.'Fcach~r~ nce~d to cc~nv~}i,tck}fu~il~ then;rtitrc ~sit~kac'~i~a't~~1u<~I, c~;xG~ 6c~+:~~~•~~ t1t~:ir fi~~rrr~ttl~~r~l cif ~~crt'c~ni~.z~~wc ,ti~td~ivh;tt is d~.tiirahlr,'.u~c~ti~~itat n4~1e~3 w ~ri~g~e tli:tt;~~ t4;larkr, ~tlU1.),

Fir~~lly, sr is- ini~rnrkanCthatati5css{rant ititi~rna~ti~u is i~4s~ to ~nov~r ~~~ipil~• fgnvarc{ in their Icarni~~~:fi'ltt tit~l~ist~s•~ics ~~~}~i~11 trii~}~t L~~~[~s.ri~'4cit~rnt1 t~ia~[~c~~ti~ ~,•~•~5tns~~tr ~~raly ~cS~~tts_it ~ ti~~lt~r~. Mt:~t'it~li3~~n~1 c~~tt ;tbt~~tt,~~tt~~il mi4conec~tic~s~s .i~~~i daps in c~~idcrsimciit~~, ~;c, ~a~~ i s u~c tli'r~ snfs5rti~at iiiti itss~mc purpc}s;ii~l ivay (Titack ct r21., 2t)C~3~,

sc~rrie't4mmon weaknesses in eurren# assessment practice

ìi~cl~~iy~ i, s~~ii~ctit~i~~; tl~7t i,r~~ he '~!cl l~~eezf`, ~ti~icli ~rtt~yil, ;~~3~~~7ci►y~; ~ fairly ~aa siv~ ~t~lc; nr it t1h I>cìnc~r~ctiic`, In[ e;~ccif~n ben4~et~i~ tca~h~r at~ci ~yti~ils, ar bEpvc~;n pupils, is atic n the ~~urrc oC u~tfiiliiatc~rnta~icm ~k+i~i~t hoi ~ ~~~~tcl~ Ira~iiu~~ is ~oip;~ «~~. R~s~ardl► cvicl~n~~ tau sst~, Ito~v~:~~~r, that Ei~an}rtcaelt4r~ tycver talk t~z ttt4~it }~~i~,ils a6s7yt t}~c~ie ~4~ek; c~rysrai~4-tiie~=n vrlten they iy:~ve ~>rcxiirce4t~;t~t~dwi~r{: (Nadousl ~r~mmiss on ftrr ~d►~c~ti~sii, 1993.. 2f?5)f anii that riiuc6 ntarki ~ is 1u~fs_wu~c~i, ~ticn1~t~lirl~ g~~ida~r~E on 1toti~~_tu itnj~rave (C?FSTEL), 1.~Tlti: ~tl},

TI~Gr~ i~ ~>ftt~i~ an cr4e~'c tt~p~E.aSis ~i~r i~tnrks, ~,~ac~~y',i~1~1 1~wc14 ;nG tlt4 ~~~~at+r c~f~~ivxi~ xr,~tiii ~~li>~~¢c,~~ liuty t4 i~siprai~e. in }~~rticul~r, tilt ntar~ii~; ial incli~riclieat ~srcrs ~t' pupils' ~uurk co sccit~t ~u NGlevc! so tla~ir gcrturn~at~cc j~a~ hecr~ critii•izcc~ ~i1i.h~~, 2U« i',fJF5TEL7, "?(~U~~; I~iiritl,iaan <~~id Br+~wm,2RNl4). Tile N(; tint ~:t~~;fat~cl r~qt~ rcincnt is cn ~i4•c a Irvc•~ t«r~~~ray ~»lp i at tlxc +:rte{ iyt+:tele IC~y.'+c~~c,~~~f,~.~e,~}a tau ti~c~ks.

Tc~cher~ do a lay ~f inarl~in~ taut the'tii~ic 2nd t~tort inv~tt~td is ~~~~rtliwl~if~ ca~il~~ ~vC~~~i ii ~rovi~csc'lea~~tiitlitnrc I:C~r }~t~~iN~ z~n ITcx~v tt3 in~prt~~'cR

Tl~trc's a~i a~vFuE ldt u1 ~;i~fi~t~ smile~~ faces at tlsc button} ni~chilc~reti'~:~vurk iluc3 ~~cr}r ctaln~rac~~rais,; grid Stara ~n~i ~~ ~~ai. Tlic~i .ire. fins t~~r m~int~firiiaz~ ~~itpils' ~tac~tis~atii~n and magi ir~qtl~ii~Ir~t► t~v;l ~c~ts~3_abc~►~e.it, ~>~it ttr~14~~ it'~:t6sutn~~art~s~d ~y t~~e~rz ~ir~~t,~W~4~Eir;acivi~=i• ;rbotre~vlt3t t~~'do ter ►ty~kc ttrc.~~ic~ ni"~vurk ls~ttt~ it'.; ~ct~al(y ~f vcr~}~ little l~cl}~ tc; puE~ils ;a~ aliar~~ing:tcdvity It actv3liy~ hc1E~ tlic }~tipi( kt~ L~ t~~r~`tiir4ctl}' l~~►t knt~ll}t «fiat of is t]ic}' :arcl~c7t tl~~i~i~„ very ~~~~ ll sv tli;~t'tl~cy ~iit~~4~ lt~it4~ t~ ~~~3 it tsittcr

(~i~ijas, ti~I7s 9).

~i~er_c,(a, l.~J,prtivi~lt~s ~kan~pl~s crPtcnclis~r~' ~~Ritf~~t ct~»~~t~~nts. TIt4}'s1t~~rlt{ ~i~~c.}'tau sn~ttc E~ays~fi>x~ tliat~~;l~eat~~o~i~titi:~~[lyii~9iut y~utt xiti~l~e+w•riE~.~ iu p~t~il:: h,~k~: ~iti~4rr tlr~t tills is:e very [i~t~c-~:~i~~s~~wtyii~~pr~cs~. Tall: Vii; i.~l invitss }T~u t~ revicvr yot~t~ ~~~,~~ jiiarkin~,

Page 19 of 71

https://www.dawsonera.com/reader/sessionid 1481618946476/print/view/false?print... 13/12/2016__


U~t17: B.i ~+S~~SSM~Nt` ~t?it L~At~NtNG 319

~o~~nafij~~its as~er a tcrr~ can ~IS~ wark caf an able Year ~ pupil;Pupil A~, arirl a less able pupil ire Year ~ (~u~ l ~).

Pull t~.Ca d ~x~~ii~r~t, kv~l~ ex~sia~r~~si aiic~ w~li b~1aa~<ed, 4 ~ ~E~k cif ~~.{1~tt~) ~ie7acJ_ 1 E> €hut pf ~4~(~C+,~) Ez~QI(ent. 7.6 o+~t QC 3t~,{9Qlf ~l t~PaE and r~e11 exp4aineti, 17 au6 cif Za,(9 ~~14) Excei[ent ~r~sentation. 1 tJ aut ~t 14,~3 ]IitJ) ~xc~ifersF ~•mrk. i 7 out of Z~,C~4/i 17 Tharau~h and wail taaP~nccd~ excel3ent Yrork, 38 out ~i 20,{t9ti tj excel€erat, tYsarough ar~d ~.eli explained. 48 out of 20,f~ ~Ji 4) This is the highest mark I have aver cjrv~n fos Phis tc~ss~. Relevant, comprehensive and fEuentfy

ex~r9ained~ Q itsta~di~g work. ~J~IE dame. +~5 Diu# of Sfl.{~d]2~ Yauc essay teshr~ique is ~xe¢I6ar~1 ip~ a Y~at ~ pupil ar~d yc~~ p»a+sha6 t~i~ arguments tar a~7ti ~g~i~st

very ii~a~nily. stn ir~tel[igent and v,e(I~l~a(~n~~d ax~ssrt~~nt. ~peliin~ siightt~ fallible: i ~ aut a12tt.

(~~1~?) Y~wr ~~say t~chr~iqu~ K~~:s~iu~s to im~te~~: t~r~~i~ ~re~l tei~rar~i. Yana h ue a r~c~~uin~ ~~le~~ 6crt~xprQ~sinq y~r~el~ luer~tiy end ~r~Spi~~ quits ~s~m~~x hist+~~ dal c~az~~st~, l9 ,~~t ~f ~r~.

{96~i~) ~stad b~aE tits much ~n fit~ppie~n hinj~lf and nr~t enoue~h ~n tti~ fackats whicF~ ~tigwed the army

tv heC~m~ ~~ {a~vert~I, 17 QEat ~i Z4.{1c~11~'? lDs~ {~~r~gra~ihs rr«nre. Th~mugM ani# weif written taut tt~a close tt~ the text l kin ~Ihc~s, t$ ~~~t

~f z~,

AfthQuc~lrthere is much prase and encouragement, hrnrr much ffeedback is provided wtrtth snie~ht help the~up~l t~s het b~tt~r' ~t the s~a~j~t (history}#

Pgpll 8:451]} Lek This fi~i~h~d f~.~ark. iC's impa~iank. No m~tk.{~d1l3a Graad. 8 zsu of It7.{~219~ Try tr wqr~ more c~ui€k[y. 2 oua of 15.d97~31 A gu4s1 eidar~. 14 ~~rt t~f ~(?.4~ tdto) Unfin€sl~d,{~~/i(1) Rta1e 9~f1 17. out cif 2U_(711 E} G~x7d ~n t{ues@i6n 1, 9 t~~t ~i ~C}.(94111) ~#e~t but try to work #~s#er. A1c~ m~ik,{.~11~~ l3Se ~~ ~~I¢r! I 1 ~t~~Qf 2Q,(9 3}1~? A c~tX~ eflart hit it dcr~srs't Qxpl~in 1NHY 4Villidm t413et[e~ all this in~~ir~l~tidn. 11 taut Est ~0,{1 12) A trod hame4vtuk ~itark but use a ruler try dr~rr 5t~ar`ght lines. t 1 out of Z4:

~igur~ 4.1.9 ~~mm~n#~ nr~ are alalP 1'~~r 9 pupils work, and a tens aYa?~ Year 7 ~u~isl in h~tcrry mer ~ z~rtrB

It i~ ~~sy tq ~~ ~3i#i~~l of eth€r Aeapl~s maakiny 4f pupils work; srnte you have aaugbt a groupft~r S~V~ral w k5, t~~:~ ~ ~riiit~f lark ~t yi~ut tlw~i c~tatkincj, kV1t~6 ~i~r~~tti~arp Ad ~cytn~c~~a7~5 ~t~g~r~a~in~ly h~ipfu~ in terms of gi,rar~g sr~~ils s(e~r ~u~dance ~r~ l~~wv t~ makg nscagte~s in theirlearni~i~,



3zo a~~~ssn~~N~

Si~M~ TENSIONS ANC} P'R~~L~MS IN ASS~~~tUI~NT

Fltn~s~ fir purpc~s~

Page 21 of 71

As ytyu li~~~e seen from tii4 earlier sceti~ns t~f t2ris iha}~tcr, c~s~~ss~mrtt is ~ua~ic xc~ scn~e a v3ci~ty ~f~,ur~x5t~~, Far ~~mpl~; tlic~ resitles irc~~i Inc ts~~e are uscct #Q tncasurc~ si~t~t~ltanc;~~s~}~ t1i~ 1:ti~.~wlccl~;4<.;~~~d t~~tcle~e:li~Gii~t~ of p~~~~l~, clt~ i~rzalizy i>t t4a4liis~~ a~~d tlec ctli~icitr'`y lifa scire,ol. if ~t~ .~ascysii~~iieiuscrume~ic is partic~Elarly effa~tiv~;, for qi~c piirp~s~, is i~ti~;ht t~s vc~~ ~vrak far sn~tt~,er pur~c~se. It isc1i##ic~~fcta ~icvise ~alle~tnjao~c~ as cssmr~~t iaistri~~ncirt~ ti~.~lucl~ are l~~tl~ ~;~~id a~~d rclinl~l~. It es tl~~rct~,r4v4ry iti~~cirtn►t tli,.~t y~~yt~ tl~ittk ak~t~t~t wll.tt~iizs~sicrfi }na3~ ti+~nt~c~~~r.ts~easm4~st~cti~~ity tu,a~i~ic.v~~

~►r~ we ~~s~~~in~ ~v~ry~hing that is error#hwhil+~ in pupils' learning ~r #hat..wvhich is easy t+a assess?

~c,~nc ~i]4+;src r~C~#i.~lri ~#r,i~;l~tf'sin4~ar~i t~ricl~.:«tiE}~~~~cl utiti~r, lrarcltr to cissrcih<~ ;~i~cf {iC.r~~yf'y. T~tgi4ri:~;~ll i~ t~f~en r~i~~rcd ~~ a~ Ic~~tie~' ~~rdrr ,klll ~eYd jrt~ii}~ r~~~r Ica r~;~7t1 of ~~ri~, of krl~~tvVcd~~ '~~f' ;end_kn~~vled~ ha~u-'. L+~r~ver order skills firm s~3~ 1'ou~ttiarivEi oit u~~liicli tnai~t~ I~i~h rr vr~trr ~kilis tiu~ .tioi3.t3rin~ahlc tt~ az~~~~l~~ l~~snii~lir{~~ ~~~~~i~c4 sl;illti t~~~ ~ I~~~rel l,~« ~•F~ei~ Ilcrr ~~,ir c,~~7 ~Ji.ti~~~nii~:l~ :~~~~xlyit~~;~IIU\L'~C~~r4 tQ ~~till~ldl'.~1itiXt11~115, [7P 1;1ll~~tt~~Stttl~fi.otlti, fi'i~kll t~lC C~t1fCXt OS ;y.Ill`1Vsl(~1:1tFUti 1V~9tCf5 i}

l~arc~lc;r i`t~ra learrirr(l~i~hcr skill l+~~vrl). See ;il;a 'IaE,lr ~.?,?.Ski11s a~~icl in tlii~;ra~;~h~ is~.~f clat;i or cat ~iru}tit;i~s. and tht~ ~yatthiai.~~f intixrniticitt intcs cx~lanatiU~ s

t~~ ew~~i~[s bash r~:~~uii~c cti~c~t hi~h~r t,~rl~r ~kiil:;. I'I~c tts~ cai'i~it.~~ii~atir>n. bei~zg inryi:uti~rc. tlrinl:ing]a~s:ra9ly arc c~tlicr tvi~~~ Ut l~~kin~; ac tl~cs~ liis~li~r s~rdcr skills. 'P]iisc skills are gtirn dill icult ~~ assist.

Thy :i~s~ssna~ait t~nsia~n i~ Cwtwccn validin~ and r~li~tiility, Tcstiii~ a p~aril's nlsility t« ~1~i sirn~a(~~dditiui~ (~i~tirr ri};hr ur'~vru3~~;~ is s~~~i};tatti~n4:~r~k cUcu~a;~ra~( tit~itlt ~ssrssiu~; ~hr :ol~ility to clevcioprraerniccl judb~:.mi;ncs (s ~aUjecti~~o clifiisioii). TIYc nrorc ~Qi~ ~,~i~a validity lc~ra ~cs~ gCrcas~~icd jus~~►t~~ntcl~r l~s+ r~:~iabfi tlir t4~t; bs`caias~ such ;~ test lxsa~t~cs Lont}}licatcii, lo~i~cr at~~l triarE snbjcctit~c'in itst14S4S5t~gr;ilt,

~()U I7Cl'[~ Cc3 ~}L" XS4:1PC ij13L ~~t;C5~I1]!, C~llSl~h CE33C 1Yl' L~S'~' [~ lil~~5(iPl' 1111 ' ~i' itC [ill' C+~~?CI1SN Of I I]>'C3CIf11;

ti»tt:i~d c~tl~ir ~vartl~~~~~iicana~ crf Irtr~~i~~~;l~utxiitlirtrle to~ass~ss. A~c~istii~ction.is 3+~ii~ctioies ni~cl~c~au4~:c~'l4ar~»i3~tz~~t~+,7~~9' ~v{~i~'f~ ate ~i~~an1c 4v~}t~i~a~iestitl~lr.nrkdc~thsr~,~u~~ti~~i~al~y.i-arth~4lt311r~~i~iti~; gbjccti~~Es ~vlii€It a~~ ctit~'ic;ul< <u t7~ci~c~r~.

'Chc key 5lsills c~E tfic euerc i~t NC:in En~lsttd (I~t~~;f'~(;t'~£ I~n}~113 arc a g~sod c~arnpi~ of dos tens ins,T1~~rc ark: tests evh cly r~li;tbl}~ rr~~a5l~rc cl c a,~~Ri~:tticsrr ~}j` i~umb~ r, c~rinmunkca~ic~~~ ry~~c! ets~ t3Ei~stnr~r~~u~~iy a~~d ts~m~ziet►~ic;t~tc3~~s tecfr~~uk~R~~ (t~'I'); lour it is anu~li I~~rdcr to tlevisc siit~}~le~ trsts.u[~~SeUL,Ie»~ ~s~lvin~, ur ~sc~r}~in~ .is p et ~i'a t~a~~i car lcar~~in~, li~)~~ tea lcarh' ~iitet c~~ait oE~) all ct~uall}Fi~~~~~ rc~i9~c 5ki115. 'I'I~c ~ian~cr fnr ~in~~ fti~ricEtltaa~ is tl~~t ~ti'4 nti~ktt ~ss~s~ c?r~ly t]t~~ i;~l i~l~ is easy to~sciss r,~t1~~K tlt;tt~ th;~t rvt~~l~ is it~t~c~rt,~tf.

aomc Ott yci~ ~~~ a s~~ ~~Eaiaz~s-~vtr~ ~iut~lishct-~ i~r ~n s~t~ci~rpt t~, count r clrc ~e•erc~~ipb:is s }~laceayin si~n~a aelti~-ycrrt~nt~ thKc~u~(~ public bxam~~~ati~.»r at else ~:~-pcnsr v~'~la}•iii ; ci~um +~tliwr et~~~allyi«ijx rant MpuF~s(;~cliic~'rrnc[~~5+ T{Sri re~r~ik7c1 us that tkr.~rc i3 ~nr~r~ t« ;r~~~~;s~~i<)~t tlx;~n tti~,xstiei~i}~ t~lir~cu~;~iiti~~~ elevelup~nrnt c~E Eiupils ~F-{ar~reavtiS, 1~t3~; y),



Ui~IY: 6.i #~5~5~M~NY ~t)~2 L~ARIdtN~ 3Z1

The effect on pupils

~I~cr~ i~ ~c~n~~ ~vict~n~~ ~~=lai~li ~u ~s~s that t~stir~~ ~~apils trnni the a~~ c~~a ~~~w~lr~kti i~ li~vit~~ aae~;~th~ietlèc~tt5nsonj~~tr~~ils'self-G4~zc~r~n~i~~a~c~eivaGi~~Eittile~r~e(I3art~arcf ~i3tlC1;~1,~~1:atyd1K~ili:tra~,1~~8~, flsse~smeiit can die valid and etloat~ls~ a~~d yet ira~^r a pr~fount3l}~ disE~iritit~~ i~tlli~encc un ~upil~'

aetit~tc~c tc} a ~uh,~c~t, anti t~ ~rh~»1 in ~~.tts~ral, ~3t(~s.rs nr~nac ttsat tc,raic h~st~ssm~nt ~r.4stiC~s I~.~vs~~cxt5t~ 1~~2tc~1 cc~ ~i~;~E~ccticies and cii:;c~~;~~;cnv4~~t ire ~~}~;~c~ls (EIls's~ec, 1~?s)8; tv1~~c9ait;il~1, ?(Ntf)) ~~~ci r~~;~}~mic~i~ra~~ }~«~Sils ft ~rt~~rit ~Ii1~ck end lX~iliae~t, !~3$, ~)~ ~ie~its'~t ~It~ b~~rotis cif tVic ~i~r' ~t[Fn X30 ~~ut

rcwpcziad by esliil~iti~~~ dct~~-miniti~~a ea ~c-t tQ t~~~ errg. l~ i~ i~~~~c~rtant, ettc~r~Eor~, eR~at tine s~~~~l ~«t a~lc,~r tricss~t~e tc3 yca~~r ~+ts~ils tlrSG tij~y;ir~ 4; ~~a61€ a~f I4cirt~its~, nr~r•cy~~i~r~; #1t~ it ~c i fc~t~tt~rrs~r ;~TN~! [t~ tuftfrc~it3 lx,iei~ iu }os~ur ~lassr~c~n~. I~sicivc frc~ibacl:8s p~rc+~Ctli~ 3up}~~r# f+~r ~~uur ~up~ls' efFi~r~ n~ ]c:~rii.Sec Task: ~i.1.a,

IC Ia gat p€~ssilrle is tQ~c~ pupils with4~[ rsa~izing chat th~br aetJt~t~ie to i~arr~ing has a t~s4inffuence t~~ how su~ec~~fut tfiey are ~t learning_ Tack t~ t~ach~rs in st~~ic~l ~ats~.ut:

• htr~v [hey handEe 'the thallere~e o~ pra~idin~ feedback to ~~pls svho are trying io do av~llire tti~ ~ubj~ct, btet 4vf~ose pro~r~ss is limited 6y lack ~f ability tath~r thin iaek t~f effort;

• faov~ they try icy crgage pupi4s ~,vhd are ~el~cfant !o €ot~mi€ tise~ns~Ives to lt~rning,

hligh stakes testing and the integrity of asses~m~nt

[~ii~€~ :ss.~3;~w ;~,ti~cxsa~~cnt ~ti;a~ c~iscusse~l aarti~r in this iEnit. Wt~ai~ a~atach laa~e~; t~~~ tfae o~~t~c~Eaj~ ~5~:tS3~'55311~tit th~i► tt t5 IEtS~G3ft:lYiT tfii~ t~tc: itSkf~;rtt~' [af~:iti~~ti~tt7t'ikt ~.SY:iFtiti~ & tli~:iliit,~ltle'[~. t~Gt~YiS(~1~ ITII~}!t

17~ 7t1~[~~ [Q ~tlli~ SY;i~'S Ci~illtt~ ~~l~ [C3f pC C4'CCitll ~fl~ ~~31 ~9St`SStlli[~~ CC'S}: kQ.iC~* tQ Ih7~1~:G ik ~tf~li~tiCY~ ~tfC

cic~ir~ci result. C]ns ~t'th~ dan~;cr.: s~f It3~;[~ stal;cs asses;~r~i~a~tis ~~~at tli~ m~rc ~npc~rtantth~ assc~s~~cnt,tf~4 jigc~r~ 5t~1~j4~t ix i:~ t~ cc~r~U~3tc>fit ~rc~cc:;y4e' {14i;ce~lutyaE~,"?(1(M!; 1}.

W1iEn it rc~ts~c~ to foi~l~ si3kcs tescii~~, tti~rz i3 sc~aiuti~~5~~ ~ri~stere i~rf te:~cl~~rs, ~~l~uols a~~~t~cav~:rnnunt a~*~~icics tc~ tr~~ and ~resent «-ii~cctti+~nra1 c~ietce~mc~ iti tl~c most favoi~r~tbl~ w1v pUssit~lc.t~ISG. facet ~tf ~lii~tailt~y ill ~1.~scs~tii~rit is ilt~ ~a`t~ n~ c~~ ~vliir}1 is is hc~ti~3t',

MANA~a1NC ASS~~~~1+~~N'~

~Tc c3i~c~~ss first h~~v tc~ maeil~e y~i~r iaiarking a~td ~:c~~a }~u~~r ~tizr4:in~ ui~~irr en~~dre~1 a~icj. s4eniicl, tc~i~~nti~y yc~t~r pFc~f+:~~ectt~~~ ~t4c=~l~~~tat~~~~ ~t~~sl~~: ttc}~v a~~c~ i~~ ih~ lt~►~~rr i~~t~~;

K~~ping as~~~~m~nt man~,g~abl~

T~aeh~ rs Ii~ve to man~~e tl~rir sirnr et c ctiv~iZ~ aria yaxi nEcd to t1~ir~k ab~ue l~ativ to n►ai~a~+: yc~i~r time,Sc~ tl~it ~ssrs~sn~~ic dUrs n~~t c#rsr~ct fic~~t~ t1z~ rest c~~yr~ur tca~4ain~; s~4 alsa t Jrtit 3. i, It sS c~c~{ E~raeticaCtc3 trt rl: a~Fer~~ pi~e~ cif ~str~+ Cs' ,vc~rk in tl~e :~:~tt~c r~~a}~ r~c~iifyutdt ~~~lirE~Cattt sink; rEie: iitric ,iv;~i{;it>ic: lilt

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97Z A5~~~5141~NY

tes3un plaunii~~;, c~c.'l'I~erearz ~I~ ma~;ie:inswers tc3 a~~ke ,kssessmGfyti~~~~ctctas disit~(~e;ir but tl~er~ ayc~~,~a}~s t~ i~~~~~ra~vc your tiE~ic n~~oa~~n~cnt, as listzti below. 5ce ~1,sa LJni~ 3,1.

Learn to mark fi~xit~ly

5t~iuc pirrc~ Uf`~vork e~quirc. dct~ilcti atGc.~ati~7n Anil ~lia~n~si~, s~n~ctian~s a li~lit toiialt mcsnitariit~ is~~~rarc .~~i~~r~aprin~r.

~'lar~ marking #ime

5ttxt3ettt;e:'~c1~E~r+ t~:~te~ tci Stt rtiCirr ti+~ritte~t t,~sk4 ttt;rr~ ~~axs'itaic~tl t~.itt~~:r5 ti«tl tltt+ {xr~klt9i°4~ a It4ivv~s~3rkui~ lu~d.:~3~ic~ Icssc~~i pl~~uiin~ ~x~:4~ 3 tc~ji~; sim~~ rxcra ~ecs~ur~ k~uilds, In }+c~ae ~lannin~,, try' tc~

prr~arz sacnr 1c.~sans ivhi~131tayr a~ Luc .~f'tli4 a6j ctit~cs Fiat ric~uirin~ ritar~;iGt~ to lip Muni in e~~oir

af't~r~t~.~d~ c~rs~~ titv~r ~t~riztsn l~s{;s ~id~~cl~ rtquirc ~*~~tt tt} tnar~ tit~trtin a time-intgt~sio~~ tiw:~y. S~~tt~~tift~~spu}~its ~ai~ [j~,ark tl~eir ~~vn ~vark, ur ttt:it trE'Ccll~~v ~tzpilss see 1~elotiti.

Pvt~rki~tg ~c~~f~

l~~r.~~lop ~ slyof~han~ c~cic ~'c~r ~►~naliin~ maekin~caerue~i~~E»,such ~~ ~ym6ol.~ ter oiuissinns, etrval~~i=~fie~it, na»i s~;t}«itur, irrcl~uant, s}x hint; crr~rrs, clumsy ~~lira~i~i} .

Common errors

Make Grin f t~ntc's can ca~mmca~t ~:rrc~ry as }'c~~x ~rir markir~~ E7u~ ls' ~vc~rlk so that yt~t~ ~aai r~ptar~ can tli4morally tiro tt~c ~;r~~u~a as :s w=Ise~ic, e~t9T~r t1»[i ivriti~r~ [lie ~~t7►~ c~ium<<fc in sevcwtl ljc~e~k~.

t?r~l f~~~b~~k

It t~k~sn~ur~ cfa~tr fiV~tin~~s as lcrn~; t~ LVFite ~~~e~~~i~in~ ~lu~~~~ cue~►~a~°ec~ s~ ~~yin~ it ~ ~~nfetiefic~~rovidt ~r;~i fedU3~t~ to ~upil~; .

Pu~`tl respt~nse to taslts

Striietlaec t~tsk~ so t1~at somedmcs asap l~ ~r~sr-nt tii~ir ~r~~r_k ~s ~ pc~atcr. ~ gre~uF I~'"T task: car c~ispl~tgt3•U[~:. ~~'~tiS CCS()[)11SC it']:4}~ ixU~ tCCjklt3'C Vta11 ~f) 77i;IT'~ #}tC~Y ~)tic~~ti i~G~iti~i~*~t }'4~1t 31C'4S~ tC1 ~:41`~ YCGt3(C~.S pf~

tls~ir pc~wf~r►7s;~ncc.

l~s n~ ITT

~onsid~e ~rr~}~ iu «rl~ici~ ICT nu~hK hetEt to rdducc t17e:~clminisGr3tion i~~~~~lo~t~i in assessment, r~curtling

~~id rc~u~rgia~~. T3tz~ t~cilit}~ to ~~~y', ~ue:~~t~t~, ~~stc' :tnzl 1~►~ilc~ fig an archiWc ~ii`~~~~dc~s and ~x~m~rlars~Uf~cxul:t~~c# I~it~3 rss~autts~;; eats a;iv~ eu~tsiti4~al~lt~:~tr~uttnt~ti crf lino: (sc~ ~ca~~::~t~ct 1'arlil+:r, i4~)i]; ~•h.l~}z J~~ add►ii~t~, tf~r seccik7n c~i'tt~~ Tirru;~ ~r1u~~i~~ji~rl .~E~~r~~tt~trri~f t~ra ;~ss,~ss«3en[ t~~ili~zc~ ;~t ~hcip~l~v~4~v,tc:s:~~.~~k/x~nlinc/assrssit~, 1nc1 tl~c National Ci~rririzl«n~ aitc online at ~ljct~~:l1~V'ltrkV.t1Ct14'tIC~)I~t~i~.41~~„'RTC ~1C)t]y (i34~l7~ T'4~U(IC4E~.

t111 maek~in~ should Est your }>upi[s t~cl chat ~~ui~ c~ee ~6fl,uc tl~tir pre~eess in your sut~je~t, Mike

room, ~n ac~asiQn~, to cof~cl~sct a rigc~r€su ~i~r~;i~c~sis o'}r+~ur ~~q~ils' ~vrittc=n ti+r~~rk and }7rovi~{ ynitrpta}~ lti >vitb ~'c~n5trsictiy~ ;~ctvi~r aiid su~~estir~rtin tea in~~resvc tl~rir learrnras .

Page 23 of 71



tlt~IY. 6.t A5S~55M1Jf~NY ~6R L~t1~tNtN~ ~~3

Ling=term and shart~'Cerm ~oa(s

YatN slac~lsltM t-onsi~+~r y~tEr i~tant+~c~iate ~s~4ds (~lac~re-x~rr~t ~c~als} n~~d yc~atr c4~~~c1c~~~i3~~ ta~t.d4 {k>it~-tcri^~-t~;ca,~1s): ~"frc ~hnr~-term a~ttial.~ is liar yr,u t~ tx cnr~i,~ c i3cctit~e iat }~s~rue res~t~~~us tc~ pti~~ils' ~;~~rk, alc3;i~,ii~i};kc~ tl~e ~ienia~tds oEt~~~ as~~ssmea~t E,+alieies of tlic ~1~~a~v~mt iil ~vhicEi you ~~c. ~iFori~:R~. TYu= lon~;cr-

tc`.r~» a~c~itclt~ i der yc~€i tct c~c~r~,lea~s a Sc~t~~t41 toaders~atl~i~t~ U~'tL~~= natnrt; at~~ pti~r~z~~cs ~~.a4sc~~►ns~it,h~7~~~ tt} i~x tiic ~i#~e~rcn~ ~cetsf5iyucs;~~~s~i~~sr3atel~ atic[ t{i iitc~y~c[ a~sc;ss~tacia[d~,t1 ~tsc1 a~H~v~ all, }i;~~~

ee~ u3c: c~s~:ss~tyc~te kc~ impe~~~~e ~yc~,ue c~aclrin~, artd }~u~ii~ [~ ieru►i~. T1ic~ skills ara One gi'~t~c 1i~11it3~F} scfacct~my~shc.~i tt~cl~~rs.

SIiMMA,RY /~,ND }CEY RDit+iTS

Althi>iat;ls t~;~cher4at~el se}icr~~ls zfef ~~avc ~u be ace~~ut~tab]c f~~r their ~voek, ~t~c~ trio,t 4~:iltjabli~ a~zdim}~or<<ant titi~~ti~n ot'a~scs.mc~~a i. tt~ move pn~ils fors+ard in their Icnrnan~, A scs4t3zcne neceis t~l~r 1~~iilt i_~~~c~ y~~nr E~I~rieii»~ ~~r ~t~ai~I~in;atEcl E~•ar~~ii~~;. E~<~t cacka~cl ~a~~ :~s2n aft<•rth~~i~,~i~r,4~nt~ tihc~~~ldbe d~~nili:~r ~vi~l3 tf~i idc:~ art ~~sscs:mcn[ .~, ~:u~t ~rf the c~yelc oC E,I.~Ejtyin~. [c:~~hin~ ~nct 3s~essin~,

~Ii~a~3iug intt~ r~~i;~d ~~latutin~;anc3 irivchi~~~;.~4s w~cll .a thinkini; ;il~«ut I,c~~v to ~~ru~~icle c~,n ~rt~ct~~•c ;~~i~-4 I~t-lpl tC c:€~aumc~nts to ~~rtf,ils tiv~~cn

t•Cs}~~urd'ut~;to cl~tir tv~~rk. ~°uu t~ci~d [~~ t~:c:r ~tdclt~ rit~~e Est st~~,~tc~;ic~ tvhie']t tisi .1tisc5stuctit to cl~~~eloE~

pt~~,i3;° Etari~iof~;.try tl~~~ z•nii n1 }'z~rti- c~«ursc of tes~~;l~rr t•du~~.~tion. tir~u ~hotEld lc 1ai~3ili;~r ~vitl~ Ehr r~~n~c o~

'~s~ces~~~cn~ rt2crlicKls .any{ t~r~i5iii«I{,~~~ wlEicf~ ;ire a rd iri uliucrls_ ~'~~u slicx~ld tic a~t~:irc ~,t t1~c icn~it~iyaLctwcen rl~c dilfercn[ ptu•~,e~scs :x€id Carnt~ of.isscss~~rczie ~~t~i if ttic s~.~nd:~ed. art•uutpctc~ta«~rcc~tiircd ui yot~ ~zs :~t~ NC)~!' in t1~E arcs qf.i~ ~ssi~ir~tt (UfT'$ll'7 A, ?fJ(_i~: !O).

11tic`ril~it~i; lct'~;~s, nt:trks car' };r.~€!eti t~~ E~uE,ifs` ~ti~«rl: is c3<~s tiotEsr~:6lcncttir L~trt is is nut tlic tnci~t.

cfit~'tcult part of .tesessme.ut. "1'I~c utust ck~,~ll~:t~gtei~; ~Yi€~ irt~~>«r~stt {part ~Eassessmcnt i~ 4a}•i~~ti 1q~E

cE~ii~~; tlti~~~,: ~~~Izich hc1F~ ~~apits tb a~ak~ ~rv~res~:i~~ tl~cfrleurir~a~~,

FURTHER R~A~ING

131:~ck,1?, I•I:~Frisc+n_ Z~_, Lee, G.; ~~~r~l~aI~,13~:tnri ~lil ;ix►i, [?. ~~iH?i):~.~,c~<eu~fcr~t~irl~e~~frrtirr~e. t~~rffi~r~r`r art{y

h~actire„Mlic~e~ilzcad;'t~pen Uiti~crsity I'rrss Ai~dres~~s the E~4`~cti~al iii~~~licatic~iis oaf putUn~

~ssccsm~rtt tr3r l+:~ta~ir~~; i~~ct~ prai•tit c, 5ce :ilsci I31:~~:k :~s~d ~~liliapi ~ 1{1~1~i~ tc~r n ec~z3rise itttrc~cluctiiirxtea diar~tiaiir°r;essEssnittye.

i Ia1.1+: ie, W. (1`~~~~ ''~t~ t is r~etai,: ~}f fotdn~titi e ;is~t.~srnf~~ii`; i~rrmrtry .Sri~~r~ci~ Rec~ic ur, 37 ~A~ri1}, 1X15.

'~'1i~~ article ~ra~i~ie~ ~~►g;~5~sti~5~as Iur }:~y ~rit~ci~l4~ its cf~i:ctiti=e at se~s~~tiGtot:

[3c~~in~tc~n,17. (2U~Ni~atfc~riitatr~F~~ ~1f.~sr~an~errt; ~2cr~,rrliPr~,12~}~~rti{r~rrtrd~~crar~lit~r~~ilir}'r ib~~~fi{~1~ ~1~~ ,~tinrrlcrrr~s.

L+~nti~tr. T~av ~l ~ialturi, This 6~.+~>k is wri~~~:r~ s~? ~ifically fur iti~~~ tit ccncla~i~,

it~t~eE;}►}, ~? {ccl,~ ~~~~~) Lccr€~iei~, L~~r~rrilr~ crud=~~~<ttrcrrt, I.~n~Ec~it. F;tt~l . ;lia~~iar~ far tlyci (~~citllaii~~cr~ii}. This t~ctok is par►c►aEarly lictp~ù) iit tcr~ris ~~`}~roviding ii~~i~;Ei4 inso.st~i~jc~+:t s}x~it~tiSi;.5411A4i1C 1'+S~S~S.

7i~ric~ Grtrer~tiort~il:~rr~~,tsnieitt ~'tG~} ~'?t)(!{~) Qnti~c. ~S~e ~vct~sit~~ k~clotit 'Phis ~~l~sic~ focuses ~n

3~sessmeatt iassics ~ncl is a ~caitci vat= ~~f`lcc~i~i~ ia~f f~ ~tat~ ~vitl~ r€cent clevctctpmrnt~.

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324 A55~S5M~Ng

1lseful websites

I'~k+p:~rt~n~~~t i~cyr ~~iEicEatit~it and ~1;iils, r\~uti~arx~rl C,'urricrrXruxi~/ne iii{~tanrr~; €l~ttp:lfti4~k~•:i~~.e~k.i~st>.

C:cr~~re tiir C~iueati~~n tinci tv~ana~4trient, t_i~rivci'si[v i5f 1~u~h,ii1B: ~Ist~~~:f/cv~v~t:c:eai5centre.t~r~~

(acc~ sscd 25 Au~usr 21100.Ni~tivrla! Futmdatic~tt fear~dt~e~u~~tt~l Rcu:arc[r. ~~igrtitia~s tlt,~~ititi~; Ti;ctc ~l~tt~://~k1«vttf :c-~~clti~n.c~.t~i:3

7ituc_rt~clutatràrr~~t,Stttr~t~tteru(7CS}: Eh~i~>:~t`~t'~a~utr~s.c~.t~l;Junline~a~ycs~i~fr (aeee~c~l25Ati~~iaS~~)Q4).

C~nivrrsit~~af GastAn~li~ [~4c~nvicle Rrc 5cli~cilti Ctfr~rortii~~z~ l'rojcct (NASC): ~http;~jS41~~~.:t~e~,:~c.u~;/

tri?~?l~~ce5~/sr<7:±~,Fcit~;~t~Plarto&li;~r.ltttt)~ taC4+~4~e<i7Se~+tcr~~Eit~r2tlfl~}.

Univeesit~~ vt E;ut 11u~;lia. l-iist~ey~ l't GE Sits: ~lictp,t`ltvw~t~uca.ar.ut;/'--~m2d~~ist~,r~~E3~ce%issess~

(acecsscd 7 Svptcrtt~irr 20t}4},

Page 25 of 71



B~rt~~~~~t~ Y~,u~r~~

INTRC~C~U~T~CtN

l~~dnei~[G~ i~f~cs~sa~rt~r~~t urere i~~tet~~~tecd ùt l.tcti~ ~i.3, tix~hicl~ l~i~hli~ht~:d ttii i~u~s~ett~5ce C[rnt ~lii~aspect of cducadun iiasassu~ueii ~irice th€ Tducation Refnrm Art of 1x#18 (GILA j ~)~3ti), "I`lii~ t'~ct d~tcluclE~1

tli~ ~i~Eili~;ttinG~ ~f a rc~~~~~ !~v t(ic TsSk C,m~4~~ can Asti~~stneE~e tt►~~1 Tc~~ti~7~, {T~rAT} re~~m~~a~+ndin~str:~te~ics fur :~ssessin~;;~tis! rcix7rtir~~; pxik~il~' prc~~,revs in tlec Nctci~r~aal ~.ttrric~ilt~trt {~t~;~ i~~ En~latatf

~I~E~1C4~~7: 1'3~3(3~. This u~~it iagks ,~t ehe ~rtic~~1~~ r~~lc. #iuiction a~~cl ~~atur~ ~t e~icrn~l ~s~ess~i~~nt

aa~ci c~~minatioQa~. RcEòr~ rsacli~7~ this unit ~tim s~~~e~t yo~~ 1vr~rk. ti~rc,~~~;1~ i.~i~it fi, i. 7'lis r~latic nsl►i~~bc[~vc+~i~i tia~ NC at~~i tlrc s~iEi~jectcif this t~»it i~;N key one to ~rFrcicr-~tai~~i at3t3 y~c,~ri 4rUt~ld rc1~r;~I c~ i~Unit 7.3 ~+.~3sieh #c~Krxa er~~ ~l» hIC cif En~;3 irir3.

Tlt ~ ue~it aii~t~s tc~ yrc~vici~ you ~tiri#It an a;•crvie~v ~l'` ~l~c framework f'or xkcr~zal ~ssc~s~t~E~~t ~tidrt,~tttttatians in u:~Usttl~er}~ ichc~cyls. #~leE~citsg~lt }'utt .tr+: f;~ti~i[at;vith tltr ptsUii~ r~~e~in~tici~t~ tHyt yi~te

r~csl: itz ~c}~c~~~l, j~~ e~c~~jt y~~rs thce~ la~c~c~ l~c~n bigi~iic a~ta d~vcl~~ttt~n~s iit a~usstiicnc m~il~~is at3tE

in the rau~ti of ~st4rnal Ea;~nainarioti~ takrn Uy pupils en sr~ondary schc~~ls, dtt ~n~land this }ice Urcn~~~r~i~~~l~r1y may i~t tlx~ ECM--It) ~c'~~or43f'4~lur,~ti;»~, ~v6ac:P~ l~~~s Sc~ctk tl~~ ~~•c~~vtlt c,~wc~~atiact:~lly r~lat~tlecaurus ~viticl~ arc u~u~tat iii s~rc~Erztarysetxsc~ls slutf~,~ic3e tlic f;cEiera! t:~r~iE e:~tL cafSec~t9cl;~r}~ Ed~~s;~ci~~~{~CS~) an€~ ~lic t,~ncral Cirtificatc cif ~~Ictcati~tt Ott Ac~~~a~tccc~ 1~F~el (G~:S~ A 6eorcl).

As ~i•~NI :~s 4c~~~kitt~zic lie~~r• ~x~~~ils arc ~ss~s~cs{ tlirnu~Fa<siic chtir sc Gi~ndaiy ~cltat'~ticyrt. it ~s i~»j~e~r~a3~tto l~ ;etv~;~rc t~f t1~4 tti;t~iy }~tie~3r~scs cif ~x~Err~,tl ;13st~s.t~ysiit :~tld c~~~t►in~2sics~~s, 'Tl~e~~ ~+t~rESir a;~ ~~ti lsr,us~~'i~lly di~ri~cd irita tlios~ assosiatcd b~~th canclidst~s mid d7os~ that 6a~~e naar4 tc~ dQ A~ritl~ rcti~catianalc:~tablsttr~t4tits and }?ublic` aee~,~ar~t~biEicy; ~~ Uci~# G.l.

hops://www.dawsonera.comlreader/sessionid 1481618946476/print/view/false?print... 13/12/2016


3zs a~s~ssnn~N~e

~tYt~S 1.ill~]ttiljt, Y~e11CYL'!IL i~1t1t1e5 ti~~llt'e~Y 3YISC L\~~B~tl i~l5c'413SIYi~ c\tLPll~i~ 3S3c3Siii~Iit 3tSC1 c'~`tI511ti~Glt)fU

are v~li~izy and r~l~aliiiit~c 7'{i~s~ nrr~ ~oiac~.}~ts« ~o~,~thir e~~~t~ ~h~ a~~~ci~s, r~~dan~n~ ~ijcl peac~ss~s

iu~~aaly€d in caisdei~i~ consist~~~ry ni tl~es~ ~ivcs ~r~as. ;ors c#is~at~.i~cl in l~t~ t ii.i.

'~'c;~ek~i~i~,exf~re~all~~ cxu~riitcd e l;~vs~sis;r clt~l(c~~~c E'c~r ;~~ay t~,tch+~r ar~d deir~:iirds }~~r~ic~ilar tiael~it~~

~kitls .ind stritr~ics in addikic~u t~ sire rc~i~~tinv elc~ue~its of good lesxnn }i:~iini~ig and icacl~in~, 'I`l~is

ash c:i c~f'~raLliin~ is discuss4d iii the final ~~art of`tlt s sccti~~t.

~61ECTIVES

f+y the erid c~i this unit you should_

~e faraiili~r ~,vith the rave e of cxter~~al asse;;r,~ant an ieci:ndanr scY:o~L and with the nationalfra~~etvotk fir c~uiRiiciti~ros;l~iaue ar7 ~nderstanc~i~g of the rclations;i;r~ Geta:cer~ tt~e P:~tior~al to«itulw~i fn Ei~glam~ andextEmai e.:~~i~iriaRion3;

i ~S£' ii4Vc1(E' U~ il1~ ffldlEl Fl{Jff~QSkS Ll~ dtiSF,YiSlfiHflt;

• kncvo 1~fe }~rc,tcsv~s irs~rob:~r~ ire external exarna;iiiy acid kiia~r~ ~f fire ansti;uti~~i~ im~vive8;• have i~rted t0 Cani~cier tote ~55ueS reldtmy t0 i~achi~q ex~~tLfidt;~~r~ [~a55~5;• 6a ahl~ to identify ih~; to.np~~tenc.pl3{~ntjaids (pr youf caurs~ refatied t~ a5s~s~ment.

'YQU~t'QWN EXPERIENCE

ft ~ +~acl ~tartin~ poiift for t1ii~ cltaptcr is Xrn~r a~vii ~:~~~crience nC~xtcrnal ~ss~~an~ of ~n~! ~xarniri;~[ic~n~.

~as~: fi.~.1 it~vit~~ you tcy r~ca11 sltis ~s~ri~zc! gat y«itr~: (t~~attz~tt.

Thick t~~~k to kour iirne at sch~l. ~ a pupif r~=hat tic! you thick thaYthe pur~tas~ ~t sittingexams ~vas7 Now did pre~arng [or exar~inati~ns impaft aa~ yesur ~o~rvatian as a I~amer~ ~5idthe (eathinc~ strai~~i~s flf examinat~9n eta s differ from nc~naexam~nalion class~s2 ThinkingthrnugM ~1~ese ~4inis ~t~ay ptavide you uaitli a go~i perwnal sk~rtin9 ptaini Uefore you ~+~ san to~i~r~l~~ your t~ndees~andir~g of the tNirl~r i~~ues pet~ainin~ icy ~zt~~~~l asi~ss~~ri~nE andp~wrotiinatiaolS,

Its Unit G.1, we cli~~u.~~rc9 fizr~~~;~ti~~~:z~td s~t~ni~i~tir~ ts-tic"sgritci~t :uir~ we rei~~uir~ ~~c~tG cuf tlu~st u:~~2~s;

F~rrtiati~~e :~s~~~si~t~ nt zhfi U~ c3elin~ct as as~~~smon t; fur ieari~i n~, in€f su ~~un~ti~~: aasc~stiac~r~ as ~ssc ~u~t Ott

uj'Ic;~riain~ (5tr~l~art a~~~ ~.ziE~Ju, t{)~)7), ~'~-tc•rtaal asscs5i»snt ~~-~~ cx mir~acic~~~s ire t cnt.nlly c~nsis~~rs~

t(z be f }Yn1s cri ~tili~~ti.~tlttc atis~stigt4t7t, I licrx err; t)vo Ini~ktrGttit tr1~t{1us]S psec~ cYtC11+i~~+~~)' i115ti111111~Eti4'~

3~se~stifc~~ttl~aty~7~~kvill n~izt c« be Iaetuliar tvicii, ~iaRi~l}; ai~r~~l~rcfcecncEd ass~ssnicnt,~t3d s~itcrinn-

rcf~rcnccd ~•s-ssmE~~t,

Page 27 of 71



UC+11~,'~_~ ~XY~RN~tL A$3~~5N1~P1~' 3~7.

~tc~ge~-r~f'e~re~ae~d ;Essessi~ietif is tI2~ teaciieior3al ~at~aias ut :u5~ss'st~}; e;~otc~iclates :~~tc~ Es:es besj~ i~s~cltaeu~~~i~~ly t7tT~[t~Iaa4it ttt~ 13rlcisEa edtuati'aai ~}~tUn►. tir~ur~i~-r~feeea~ce~3 ass~s4rr~erit, clot v:~lue c~~ ~r~*~~cic rclz~ed tc?, ar~~, rnnrk,zw,ud4c~ ili p4nc~~ ~~z huti~~ it 4nTn~a~es ~~~th tE~~ ~3:~rks i~t atl~cr ~tiic3iclatc:~itti~i~ the s~r3~~ c>:=~ri►i€~:ttir}ri. `T'~ie t~,~s3s farthis fis~~~~i c~~E~;ts~~sst~ier~t is efae~asstioy~pc~cro~r ilu~f tf~e ~r~~rr~;,area nart~~ally~ distrit~us~d; i,~. if y~~t pt~t th »arks :;~v~rcied ~~aitjst alas ~iu~rit~er ut ~r:ui~lici:~trs, a 1rc1C=sl~.i~ccl curYt~ is ~?ecrc~tt}~c~, ~~n~~~iciin~; the sar~iE~1c ii It g c.nclati h. 7'itis c:ttrc4 i~ tl2cl~ tas~t~ xt~ ~ts~i~n ~rac~~_~[)tit3(~:iY1C4 hd~t~ [)ii ~Y~t~CtC ~tlt]tSC~ ~['rtic~ttit)Cls; s;-.~.,CCIaF ~'iI} ~?e't~~ctlt of ~~~ E~YnSe:lL[IFY~ t is cYatilitl~~ n5}

tivill ~,~;~n~ aE~zi ~?a=l pie ~~►i~ ~vil1 t%i!: lea t6i~ ~~.~~'~~ ~a, ~1~t3~i=r~~ of ~xilurE is ~i~~flt'~~tw ~1~~ ~ ~~n~iri~ric~E3. ~Tksesy;stcm of~re}~riin~ 1}y grlc3~s is csscntiall}• ~xyrm=rcf~r~i~~ccf. Fpr exaia~~lc, it yt,i~ arc ativarc{c~B the

f►i~;9i~t smacd~ {~*) ~t~ .a ~tiE,j4~t :tt ~aC.S:E tEsis ~r~tEc• cjt74y ~c}c ~iv~r ;ttry ~p~~iti~ i~~t{7reri:~t~~fr~ ak~~~i+c tivlratyou sari ~u in tfi~~ suUj~et, siEie~ly t1~3t }'~u ts~err ~[acesi ~~~ithin c~ tea r ~rou~r ~sPcanilid:~tc~,

Crie ric~~i=rcf r~rtcc~ ~~scssinetst, c~a t is ~,tlxer 1i~nc1, 6c coEtc4rn~°ci ~t~itl~ what a ca~idicl:~tc caii c~cjudaJt~z~~ r~fcma~~c t+s t1~~ ~ri:rfi~rrett~~~~ csf c~tt~~rs, arad sn pry}vidc4 ~n ;ilrrty;~tivt ~t~c~ItQd za3 ;~cldr~~~~thc[irtiic~tsut;s vt`ta~rrtt-reQeecucitjg.,1L siin~+le eracr~ple ~! criteriuq~-r+ctertr~c~i{ ju~esait~zrtt is tli:~# ~t';~stivi~lRnii~~ cent. ~~~a Fir nor is erietirc~l E`~ra 1i"H)-nactre swin~n~i~a~:~~v~r~l, ao~~1 ~ivims tt~O ~3ictres,,xlac~~sl~~' ds:~~v~~rd~:c~ t1i~t c~rti~i~-~t4 irr~~p~~~tiv~ ~~~'E~~~j.~ c~~a~~y c~ct~~t ~cc~~~~~ :~lst~ ~c~~cla t~ai4 ~t;~r~c~~i~i.'~'~~stcxr~!zs}urscsus~ ~ritc:ricm~relc'r~;nt~~l3~sc~.sat~cri~, t~~vl~i~ls~v~ r~airn I~t~r~Ar~cf~cne cu~~racs, tiiecli:ti f:C.Sf?seieu~~; cisc crit~ ei~Ei-rc f rrei~ci~~~ ~vhe~r3~scssin~ pr~~cic~l s}~ilis ~5 part cif the r~t~rac~;rorF: stem nt +:sftl~~ ~~k~~e. In tl~~s ~t:~s~}lc t4~~ ~sitlt. atc r~iacrteri ~iy ac~~a~p;i~ia►~ ~t3j~il+~vit[~ ~tl~~r }i~~~~~;, i,~-. ~iEitt~i-re~eter3e~c~.'I'1iet~vej:~lt as~tsstyrttit icy thiseasr i~;t r►1a~ctctrr UI'i~Uerrr-'ajtci ~eitrricity-reteYct3eits~ .

Tht~ FRAMEWQf~K C}P EXTERNAL A~~~55M~NT IN SE~{~N~ARY ~a~H~~LS

g~r'e ~c,~tsc#~r in s~t~n Kcy St:~g~ 3, C,4:SG ~~a►cl puSt-tG ~cit~~atic~n isi G~i~1~1r~cl, l~fler~rtt arrau~c~~iEtSta!-c iE~ ~irtG'e in ~4+;tl~s. Sccit3:tnet a~~tl T~€c~rtlrerd Irtl:ti►c~

Key ~ta~~ ~ a$~~ssm~nt

~n cr~iist~e t~ sce~~~~i~ry scht+c~) ~~trpils ~+rut~ ~vitlt eGrl~a i~itof~ix;t~ic~~t c~t~tairt~l t am tE3~ ~t ~~d of Kcy~ata~t ~ a~tisss~art~t, arisi~~~ tr~~~n b~~th iatt~rriai t~«h~r ~~a~ti5r~ibtit ,arid cY;+trrr~~l ~swcshntr~i[: °~'fii~~~~rtriaci~ii is ~~stsitly r~E~crrtcd as SIC: [ec=cls, scc t_Inie ~'.3. f'gi~ails airy :yssca4ed ~~itt ~c €!ir tied ~f Kcy5ta~c 3 to cietcrminc tlt~ir atcaiian~cnt sRi~ cr, mclsiarc ~rrr~rc~sio~t; r~~aia1 reported cis [~lC: levcis.

~xtarr~al :as~~ssn~~rtt ac tl~c ~rt~i of I~~y 5t;~~re~ 3 t~~tkce t}aa~ t~zrrxi ast'~yrittr~ra tc~ks, c21~ec! ~t~irul~rctr~s4s~iti~irt~'Y'~s~:s (St1Ì's}, tier tltr cure NC: sul~,~~cts oaf E.j~gli~l~, rua~l~en~aties arici seietsce.'1'lte furtit af"

Chi SATs n~4v taken b}=}~u~i1s arc fir ~wm~~~~xt C~i°o~ti ttir oeit;iu~~il arti~~t~-base+.i .~tiaa'ss3n+:~rt taste atlti~aci~t~~c!la~` f~fi Ci ~1{7~'C(36C~3C 7:75k ~iTa]tS(?17r1 a`~,5.[~5.5fZ7Cttf-~tittj 7~C[tltiL 4~~'ve~1~~~1 t~~~~~~. ~~)~~~. ~'~1~ ~'~r1~~

t~[ac~~t ~~Cc~t~~i,cudet[ cl~ax~-~~~:ssrt~ee~t s1r~t~IcE ~ cr~~ks~c~~ie~~ ~~tltifi~ cl i~~rQc~tt~ ~~~etic~ ra~l~et' t1~~3 E~4~t~~'b~zlt-fin' aztiviti~s bcriiis~ tlir. lad ~r ~~prabch ~ti•~.,t~ld r+rc~lti~~f1}~ dr yc ch4 ~uerice~lint~; i.e. ceaci~ n~

13cccen~c~ test•c:~r~nt~cl. TI~~ intc.~ratioe~ c~t'~t~sss.~n~=nt ~,~,~~tl~ t4~tchie~~ a~tc~ lestntin~; is ~[~~►tss~cA a!~ i~~t~~~c~l.

`fl~~ tra~rte~v~rk inic~Il}~ ~rc~~~~,~rd E~}~ì'GATtivas ~Ca e~ati~ii»I :i~+eti»ticnt s~~stcirt E'oeail[ }~upiis ►~j~ ttitits 1~;~' ~t f~ti~li~scsl ~fl s~rciEic~i criCeria, r:ithrr eh~ii t1~z ~~-rclatrr~ ~tci~•~~t-r~Eci cnrc ~ s}cst~n~'x~,~hi~#e

ii;~tl ciuiui~t3rcd~tu~~s~rt~~iu prcvicF~t,l~.'I~•;<<-.hers ~vcccr ~l~u et~h'~ i~~xc~]s°cci~tt "sk~t,~~~~,t~~.~ ascetisin~itE~~iSiit1~7t~tiSC ~c}fI111t14`C ;1.Ss'C5~t31c Il(, ~t]c~C~1c'i` E11~1~~P C~i:tll~~ Sll~CStc't~ UV t~lt~ ~'~i1~T Pc~sQTC S'1:15 i{58C ~SStsSfil~ tat

sl~oti(~! picasifrc. p~ipils' ~r4,s~ress ra~l~cr t~nti~t~~ai~sly mc~~nr4. their rclati~~c. ti~iliiri~. HuK~ ehs~sc pr«~r~~a15.



3?~ A~~~55M~N`f

Page 29 of 71

u~cseke~t ~Eit asp prteticc: ds diseiyssccl i~rltyti~~ far a ~iics~~c dzt:~ile~l e[istussoc~it c~E tfi~ £~'(~A`T t~t~ort ~3e:~se

rct~r.c~ i~aia~htrry (I'~3~~.~'li~ ii~izi~l Nl; tG~is ~vs:rc criti:riun-r~ik~rc:nc-sc{, ~vitli r::ac-Ei c~~i~~c~n i3~~in~ ~3sc:rihrc~ ;i ~crt,~n lcvsl,

:~i3d the ~esfs rt~,~ckzd ley tca~l~ers.~t-I1~~i4acvcr, tl~i ~}~s~~u► ~irtrv~d E,tatl~ tuu~aatasi~e:~l~lr ~~~Zi ~ty:tc~~:~~tttsle'iu tl~e ~tcaeltitl~. ~rt~tcs~ion, 'I'l~r. ~}~steni 4vas~ untii3nagca6lc btti:au~c s~f tlfe' lieu addi~ioua[ 3c~ad uii

t~ach~~r~ ~~td ~€a~~cci~a~nkslc ltir~;~tisc thcrE ,tt>as rtv :~~l~iti~n;il ti~airicial reward. Tras!'tE ~t~aily ptil~llce~~iii~j~~iot~~ arG: ~i~ark d e~terie~tly~ b~ F~~ic~ tx,~tsiijicrs; tl~e Sr1I's arc-n i~tt apt t~~ c~tr~Jj~t i~ eiyrirs ~~ti~

i»~rkcd 1~r ~~~5~, ~x«rnal ~tsaek~rs. TEir 5AT sc~i~ Vin. ~,rreittt-ai ~vitii eU fr~e~iec so dre ~ttL~jcct I'rp~;r~i~in~~>4)~~Sl7C~y,l7f i~iC '~t.. ~5tk`, ~Ilit 7~.j.~, ~~1[. {~11f5~t[tl7S 111 i~1C ~l'.SkS :1S'4` C{CSI,£;(~CC{ 4C1 t11:1t [~1C S'~l'~I717135~ QII ~~74'-

1?lS~l~ ~Iflk~+ C~{)!ij~+ tt~ t~~c. (t;t't.~ ij$4#'IJ)t~t)t9 ~~;lEyc;d'5.:1(t ?4:k RC~Y Cgc'~1. [ti' (E)i'~['.[){'4 Sl]~,JECt'~ :tt9i~. tt~Cec~.

ay~essrmei~ is iisc~! t« atl~}t~ pupils tit be 4~~~cr~ci_CUr-~Elc p3p~tr nx6s~ ~ui~cz~ tc~ that ~bi(ity.

In ~~i~lisf~ au~• c~~nu~inn piper i~ sit, iu sts~css, aU ~.u~ 1~ a~~c~r~;in~ :sv~it~in N~ lcv4is ~-7; pupi~~

~i=s~rki~,~t ~cv~ f :i z,r 13c(acv dc} trntsit art tixc~r~tn) fi~~ ~~:~kr~r.lrt tnatlt4~t~nti~s~~c~,scicacc~il3~r~itri;~t~df~:iE~ers art tier t~ ;~ss~ss ~zppils icpi s~ a ~iarroti~~ir ra~i~e t~l'NC`le~~els:~G7~scic~yce isvo p:~pct~ ire set, s~iEe

t~as~css;~~ai~ii~s~~~or~:irag~ritliin1~,~vels3~~d,micj~nc~tt~ rto~sst'ss~?p~3i1s4vtarkiEag~ti~i~hnicv~[s~7~I;~iati~~»tasic4 kh~.~ ~a~r4rs;2te cvr~ lirtl~+~rs~~(74rin~i~t+~c~. ~;~itl~ li~tar~~i~+.z~:~:t t« cis~c~ss ~,i'~sls.vs~r~ittui[I~i~t le;,•~t~;'~-~, ~}-4i, ,~i-7~~r fi-}~:~3n aa~li~:~~~~r;tEi all~xatisis~ of~~i~rl:~ i~.~~u;~r~3~d ccr,c;aeh yut~fi~>t~

acid gr~cle l~<~tiadsrics arc <iccidcii b~~ a process kno~vi~ ss lcvcllin~;. T1iis ~racezti~rc inv~ [ups dc~itlin

1~aK' n~;itt~~ tnarl:~: c,~ the ~~4t arc: ~cgttires~'fvr tltc a~v~r~[ ~itse~_I~ I~v~4.T~re~e'i>.a~~ initi;til prw:~ssofs~~tiE~~;dr,tFt:tl~reshr~fcts~~hirliieeco7~tiet~aerf E;itrrb}~ uiarl:i[a~asailtNl

trf ~?~t~tii~s. Tlit~s thr se~tii~~ of ~A7's c~ucs#inns is ericcric~~~-ref~r~nccd ~vhilr Che ~narki t~ is h;~~c~l ova

i~~tirmativ~.i~~st}a~ds, Seli~al~ ;~r~ska¢~ite~ril}~`rbt~i~ir~'cl al3cr t~5_~}~r~vic#e (s~ncher-.~7sr,4~cd Ic~~t~ls ~~r~~ill

;itt:iit7rsicnt tae¢~t~~ ~~i~el:tty a>~w;sll ;~tisc:sti~itcntltvcl lis~`taeli i~f'tlt4 cY7rc raid ti~~u~ti:~~9<7~i suhje~is. lu thisF~~ay; ~Eie }tru~;r~~s afe2eli pu}~il c:~~ lac i~l~nti~c~i anzl r~p~,rterJ, wl~i~l~ ~a~ sync iutci~ti~,n o! ~l~t. TCyAT~

rccum~T7c3idati~~» ~s wcll hs bs~in~; a central t~nstcsfdwc Nakionst) C:urri~;~~ltini. Iii "?Ut}4, the ~~rU~,cirki~~~i

iif all p~i}~fls ;~ctiir~ri~r~; t~Ca l.cv~) ~ car ahc7v p13 «~•ittera Sf~"is :ir 1 53 its En};lislt; ~vitlE 19s);) #i~;ti~~cs u

br~s.{:c~;u~.is 7i }per ee►ic (!r~}, in ~►iathciiia es 73 E~~r tent (G2) :3ud irrsrience (~ }~cr ~e~tt {35} (I~E~ESJ'F`Tf1, ?I)fJ~}; ~t~tumn ~~ck~gc cif c uidanci }~rov cic~ ~o~tu~l~y~:

7h~ ~~SE

Tltc f,~C S~ w35 fit's ii~~r-q~inced icy 1~1lSfr as tf~a c~att► teat vii ~c~ k~c c)kcE~ :tc c6c tint! t~fKsy 5~.~~e ~#,'i'lic~;~SE c~aminadpn was dcsi~~ed bpth to rc~~aec tlic C~~~iecal ~crtiEZcatc in E~lueation (~C~} ~1 fct~3

,Slid Cc~rtitiC,e~~ ui~.ticcvsnc3.try Iielie~3tit}n ~t~3L) ua~t3 tt~ ~rrcn~i~lc c~.rtific~acie~n Itsr.a n~~~zli ~~rr~it~r ix rc~rat.s~;44~E'e,~trcli~latcx, Eli+tcrrieall~„tl~e t~C;E (~ lec•cl ahaccl tc~ ecr[ifc.~tc?D ,~itl ~xr c~r~t ~~tpu~iils i~a ;sny }~rie

and the GCE ~ i~iar~iiai'#D ire iei~t. [~ri~c tai the intc~ductic~~i b~~he C'sG~~, up to •fit) per c~EiC a#`p'u}~ilw

t~~crcl~t~e l~tt~~'h„<,{ ~.~et~uis~ ~eiy C+~~~i~al ~c~n~rtiticjat'c~#'tlac~~a~hirt~~~a7~~ats, r4lt~tia~tive c~~~afiti~~ati~t3~a~4i41~ ~s;t1j~ ~ic,~:il St~ci~~n ~>t Arecextrr~iit~tuu,t, ~vt~r~'t~ss3 pt'~~~i~ic7~i~'.

C~n~ ~ffh~aiaz~s,~fthen~~vGCSEcxaftii~~:~tivn~v~st4ceitific:~tc~)~x,re~r~tr~i~tlu~.-_~E3rartiiilt~y~

y~àr. St ucn l+is, ~;ridc~s coi~1~1 kx• ~tiitardccl, f~c~~~~ ,'4 tc~ C a►z~l iii 1X794 air tt~tlitir~t~~! k~-~tdc, A*, ~uas ~tticlt~tlft~ ri±cci~~air~ ~scc~ti~ini~;~f ~,crtierrnattes.'7'hc ~C~G;iL~ ex~~t~irtatit7its:yl~odit7eecdti~~itt tl~u 4;4~~t:~IC.~41

exaniit~sl~io~i in Tat it was c{cji~uec3 ~a rest n+~t o~iC~ rcc~ll, ~iuc also ~iEtderstandi~i~an~ ski9ls. Becatss

~~sarly,lfl)~~kE~il; taEt~ t~~r G~:SC~: ~~~,~p~iaiatit,~i, u~scssi~~~nt tc€I~riic~ucs I~~ri~ eo ~4~ dc~~rlc~~~~d to~~F~~tI~tiu~l~ ~ Ur{~,ict t~~i~ ~ ~~ f ac h ir,~c, ~~c n#. r~. ratis;~~ ~7! ,zr,+#cgiCs ~v.~~ intrnc~tr~ccl ea :~cl~icv~r <Ht~~r~ rt ti;~tit~jT:tn~3

~~ }~r~vidc nll ~tipil~ wish ~lis ~E,}~crrcc~atiig to slii7t~* tivE~a~ stie}'fact I~~n7t thro~~~h 5[tici}~ R~ dt~ ~~ursc;

~ting~tia~uinctl. Try.ic6ii4•~°c tlx~~ aim,'a tip red assc~smceit patt~rn'ti~ ~s intr~clucetl; :s stratct~}~ iatcr acii~ptec~



+~~~r: ~.z ~xr~arr~,~ As~~ssn~~~r ~z~

ttj~ c1~t 1~]~ ~tS1"s> ~a ~taa}sle ~tt}j is tc, be cti~~reci E~ti~ Elie pa}~er t~iust apprcipri~tc for ~ta~ir 3~ lity. ~'liis

~itE~a€inn rec~iEir~~ c~ac~h~r~ t~s ~s~es4 ~S~~~its' ~r~~ress an~i ~~tc~zti~l ~cici tc ~c~<<is~ E~ii~ils ~~~ tivliicli dcr ~ttl~+~ etia~ninati€~at tc~ cntcr:

`~'ier4a yl~eta ~arr~ ~ada'1[ttfi►s, tht~4 p:trrc,~vitp~ ~ESe 4~~~c~r~tzrsitie~ ~f pt~~~i15. ~«r exat~t~slc,:il~i~l~er~~3}z c ~t~ay erial~lc pupils to tic a~vardes~ ~racies A*-~I); while a fc~un~3:ui~au ~aaptr may allra~4~ c>i~ly the

a~v~arc~ cy~~~raci~s C~-~.} Tuctl~crtiic+rs, if`~i~j~ils iai6, ~c,~~~~~i~vc t}~t: ma€ksrc:~~tirr~ fir tt~c lv~vc~~grt<E~ n~.

CE~t S1 tit'Y t~1C13 S~i('~ P~s:cli'~ X11 itilt`~:isst~Iti~ ~!'1<~4. ~fl C~7C C~kY~j' ~`~:4P~ C)~ k~il" ~i~:.~i~ ~;~;i7tiiii~?11t)It si~;ili~tC~lSf

t717[ll~>CC$ O~`~}[i~.~k1~ °fCa~ Ql~ (plc ~>p~tQt73 t}~#~TCiI'.~P~C~I" T1i1~ C.~t7~ \Vt~,P~-36k31't~~t~ 31i 11I1C~~j~kljt~Kl ~;9'1~e-.

~:.ittif5t'~~`C1C~ tV15 a~4f} Ilitf<7S{li S: CC~ L~~4SEi t~1C'~~~..~~ X11{{ {7:15 ~}Ct7VC5t. tSl ~~C ~1 ~STC Ii )71ik~P4 ='1CQ1' ~~~' ~?41~}~.~+.

I~tttie~.~Yly~~:Ey~c~E[,~ S~Scs~,~c-cif'tltcec~tsrs~-,to~ir~clw•et'4~cittir~ly~cit~ra+;ts~4}rk-h13~'t9,FiCr~ti*ev~Gtt~t;

:i~f3csun~ ~ftc~~ies«vork is nc~tti~ rt~teicc~c~ ley itc;isl zciuti tag i3i~ (~u ili ~c~'tic5tjs ar5c[ ~'ueric;~3ltvii Attth{3rit}„

~~C.A~ throt~~r tl» ~u~j~ct s}rcciti~~tia~ts :ant[ cis~~}eicls citt t}i~ ~~aLjjecr. Itt t~~~ tnt~rrpt~ctac:~lly 1~~sed

~t~~jr:~t,4 (c:~. ry~x~si~, ~ahysical ~tiuc~tKica~i} :t 1ar~er p~apr~rtitra~ ~3f't~itcher-l:ar~~ :~5ressni~Ftc ~z5ratrihuces

to t1i4 -final t~~~trt~ ►I~~~t i~i'~~dyee ,st~l~jeits. Ei~ t~3i~sic~ the u{~~x;r lilz~it in p~r~etict is 3bottic ~it7 per cent,~v6rrris i~~ ~?I~}'sisal sclticntic~n a nl~.~in~sin~ +~f='=~ ~acr cent cs~tfac tc~t;~f ~nari~ is ~ror~Zrnc~nl}' a5i?rd~~i Cci~c4}i~r~~~vc7rk, ice ,~tbjwc:k I.r ~114ri.~ss! tcti lac t~sse~+~d t~i~ly key t~a~ I~i.r=axse~sss~ c~ot~~4cv~rk,

'r']ttxs ilee CrC.~~ ex:33ttuiati~siy} 1ik~ t}~r c~eerfial asst5snts;nt of dte NC::~t tlae e~~ci i~f [{ y Stec 3, ;~LSc~~ornbi~i~s noen~-ref'~rencc~ nicclii~~ls ~vifh crit4ri~,~i-r~fereit~rcl eririlt~ls~ Goursr~~~cek is an ii~te~ral

F'c~tt~rc cf~~l~a Ci[:S~ ~taii►in;~ticjra an4~ it i~ ~m~~rtar3t that }~~~t~ !taus ~a ciclr tan~ctstnr~die~;c~#`tlii ~~rt c3t'tt~~ ewtir~sui;itic7~t; '~ssk b ~ ?mks }~t~t~ t~+ ~itdress tl►is issue.

V'dQrkin~ with ~n4thPr sts~clent t~a~her ra your own s~b}ect speciaiism~ ab#ain a cagy ~,E ~ tecea~t~G~E ~~~cifit~tic~rt. Read the ~en~r~i intrQd~:e~~n ~r~c~ k~re~1 #~riii9iArize gc~~rsPlf ~v'it~i tt2~ .~a~s,asses~sme~t rak~je~tiv~s and assessre~e~t pate€ns of the ~peci~icatior3. h~pw turn to the~a~rsewark sr_ttior~ ar3d #ind out the frsllovaing ini~rm~tivn;

hrnv muc~r'ai tie ouea~~l mark is allocated io coursev.~~r~,7what tarns does the coursev;ork tike?

f tao1~' is iFa~ cauts~+r~rk ass~ss~d?what iarfotinati~~i a3>o~t cauase ~.v~srk critcrs~ is guen t~ ca~dida4~~7

~nc~ you have to~nd c~ui this ir~ior~i~auon; discuss Maur finc~sngs with an ~xperaenc~d teact~ea inyr~ui s<hogi ~itg~r€encc seha6)_ As€~ iP ycu can Iroave aetess is some samples of ~oe~rsesv~wk frompupils at the sciro~l~ arrd use tE~~sr~ tai find osa :

• ht~~v t3i~ coursewoxk is inlro~iucec{ to pupils;• ~I~~ range ~f tasks set;

hrnv these task$ :are maw ~cc~ss~bl~ and reE~v~s~i tc+p~pi~s:

Note try a~sessi~g the c+~urs~sva~Y, sar~~a3e~ yo~r~if t~sia~g 1h~ criteria s~epgli~d by the ekami~ir~g~iady and any int~e~ia~ markang „h~_in~s used E~y the sc€~oal. ~ps~uss yaur markitr9 av;climember o~ staff ane! find flirt #ier::~ the d~epartmQn~ internally m~derate~ cgurs~noi~C: Parsd €out.ia«, fss~m tFi~ c~rurse~; ri~i= _~eciiiratlans wti~t prc~€es~s the e n~is~inry a~~Et~rrity u~ toeztern~r4ly rteisclerak~ ~ u;~. sc . ~;rk.

CnFc[; 9h~ stdnd~rd~rtc~rnp~t~a~~e~ eicp~ted ~f ycsn it1 your <cwr~~ tivhi~tt €~lat~_~p~aursewoCk in ~uk~lc~ exarnina:i~ns ,~ r~~c~>:i ai y~r w~r~ cattEct b~ ~lac~d in lour graf~sinna~~iortf~iic~~


Print: Learning to teach in the secondazy school

33Q A5S~55Nt~NT

Ri35T 1~ ASS~S~SIVI~NT

t~t'a91 ~t'il~c slxan~ss that liav~: fc~llc~F~~cd kE~~ EItA t{)lid; phi: aria that l~:~s c:c~3~tinetcd sz~ ut~d~r~t~r~c~►-~:xni~a~eirrE~ìs tl~c p~c~vi~icxn.'~i`pc~st-lt, coriiwe5a~ici ctteir:n~s~,tissit7cnt.

G~~ }~ lgVe( taurses

Page 31 of 71

C;~:E t~ Ic~vcl courses ~ccrc tirs~ i~trt~c{iycccl in 1t,~3 [.aipd sint4 ths:~i la~~re. 6t.c~~~ rc~;arafcd as il~c. 7cacic~xi ~°~;gl~l~i#!c(urd` ~ay~l~ct"~+-11'e~n~v~riitn4i~tS~ Itt 1 ~XJ~, Lc7tc3 1?raYt~tg~4~,~+c~~tl~~~i+ti`si~i14*~ fcY ICu~¢;~t ~Fr~Mt~~~.ta

t~3 ~ti~~u};tlizsi, c~nsnlidl~c auk ~i,mpruec chi Cran7c4vurk ul ltr-1~3 yu~liiicaciuns. A~ u resu[~ ~f ri~irc<<ieLi; citan~~s tip tttc past-iG ciirricidk~tr► avcrc intruc~t~rec~ iu Scp"t~mh~•r 2tiGU ~L7carui~~ 1~+)f~j.

C~~;E ,r~ 1Geacl:rc~t~r~~ t~ ~tr;~i~~tci, t~t~t GaclX subj4ct is ~~o~v ~s~~tapz3tic~r~ nt';i~ di;crc~r ~ini~~ cif 1p~3c~~~i~r~a~~l~~~ tl~e strt►~ ~itq. i'li~ fir,c tlyrce t~n(~s ~ytuk~ t~}~.;~u Ads;~nC~ct ~~ab5i~li,~r}~ caaeae, tilled ,r1~,.rcpres~~itioF tlic first half if ~n adv.~~~ccc(1%ve~t ec~~sr~e~o[stud}:'I'hc ether shr~e ta~iss, vvlaicla ~aiake u~~~y~4 }4~n~ ~~cart pit` tE~ CiC~ t1 I~~r<1. ;rr4 kn~>.vn ;sy ~A~. ()~~~ «f ttti ~ art, c51't~i.~ t1'~ ~r~pc»~l ti~~ tsa~rt~~~ide ~a ~rs~~r~ a~~~~r+~liriat~ .and nam;~~,~bl~; I~rid~c:' l~c~v~~ ~ti ~;~t ;SEai~ci C'~C.E tl ]eG~cl. I'iir h~ ~~,e~r~~nay Ur tikeit as ii qus3ificatic~n iii itscli'ur it mad= Uc ~scc~ as ~ Eaiintl3d~~~i tea ~tiidy the t12 section ul th~~~ottrs4.

4 i:~ tl lev~lsr like C:CaSE ~vfirsitrat gets, ti~ay~ ter asres~~il it► ss~;~es, ;~s pry a ~ts~5ciutc~r roursr, e~cra~inall~: The ii~tr~iucti6~i {~f madnlar assc~s~~~ci~t fins ~~reiwrcl co b~ ~~et~~ jt~}~ufar witlf caii~iirlatc~,I?~arui~ listt4i tltr ~ri~in adv~~nta~~~_of mc~~l~~iarity as.

ju~tivaEiiz~ }~~rE,il~ za ~u~inuTin ~ lii~;l~; eani:~n~ c~ariiiz~it~t~t"~tt tlzr~u~ss~ut ~laeire~u~sc;• pr~~°iclint; 4~altEalilc dia~~ic~~tic ii}fann~ci~n frUn? eur[y resvtt~

~~ror~idin~,tl~~ ~~)sortu~~it~-tom I~;~ti~c~~h[~<<ea~ient rcth~i~irtd {T~caris~~, leJ;~C~.

I~c~ri»~ tac~t~d alsa 1i~a1. can ar~11}ass ui tlic c1a~~ui~atir~~~ results, ~~~c~idatc4 ~;sk ~~~ the nrnctu]:tc nziitt~inc~ I~~Ficr av~rn~r ~t~int s~nrs~ in mc~sc ~u~Z,irct~: C:~nc~r~t al~os~t cl}e t~ce that-~a~ic~idaac~ cszuEsl cc~it~h'tY~t4t1~~~' IY~ift{Li~4'Sillt~ illtiSi~4Ì'tJt #Ytti4$~5;~w ~,i4~11 ~[~t~~C~B~;(~.at7{~ i[!~ t~c7\V ik3SSlE1~4~i! tC'St~~tl~F~)~Tti4`li~;i~

~~3cyc~~~lc Qi~fy ~su~c~t~l1 ~.~~ t12 ~aurscs must ir~clud4 ern ~Ic~iriS~,vCsyno~trc acscssia~~nt ~Ersi~;sli~l t~ rest.i eaiidict~tc'+

i~l,ility t<~ n~aks ri~raa~c~'tin~34 l~c~ti~~ca~ cGEtret~t a;~~c~ nt tli~ c-o4irsc.'T'li~rc iti tiu sytic~}~tr :a~scss»tri~t

a~ i~]zv~t.`fE~~ 3~~~~op~tic ~.Iciit~t~c 5trev~t iiurmilly e~~t~rfl~i~te 2~l ~~cr ec~x~ ca tfic,Ct~l~ r~ l~~~et a~~d t,~k~ ~li~Fanit ofcst~ rnal ~ssessmci~s a~ t1~c ~tid s~Fthc ca~zrsc. C;,C;~ A Ict=c~ ~3asa ~~ade~, raii~e ti~om A to ~ tarith,A tlic. 1ii}~h~sc ~~acic. t~ti ~vtl~ C~~:~C c~tr~ti~t;~ti+~wEs tl~c~rc is ~1s~ti t~arh4:r ~~ss~::sn~cnc t~l'tcfar.~~vnrk irrC~C.~, ~iut clicrc isltu uj~p~r linuc x~ G} tliz. C~Z rt tip pra~tic~, ctrc ~~»u~jt~t ~Cccarl7cr~,issc~scrl~c~ur~~vciek.is act liy i1~e ~Ct1 s~Fhji.cc spcciGcation: for ~~xrmplc. iii GCE t1 lEvcf G~i~lish tli4~rc is up to 3~ }}er uenc(~1~~]4 C~~SStiI'4~c'i~ ('t~S~4'cC)Yc~P~+~

t1c~ti~t~~c~d I:~tcnyicm l~v.~~rcis {1s),'i¢ttr~~tra:ctt itt 241t)q tc~ rcj3(:~c~: t~~r S~cri,~l;xtE+css at C;~;~tlIrvrl, were ~zs~~~~rti tt~ chailfiiagc tl~c nest al~3c ~dti~ait~c d l~vc-1 ~eudcnt~ ar a standard coii~~~~r~l~le ~~3lsdit• 3nr~ t cl~n~~inclin~; test fux~ncl in c~t}~c~ ccsuntrics. A E'cirtit+:.r skaC~ l tiirrx vt'thc t'1~~ it ~t~~ asp 4ti~~u.~cesiti~s tH ~iiili~rc•itriatc betW~`,z►i tlm nit~st ,t[~I~~c~~yclir~:ites, ~;n'eientar'I}' in st~1~~~~t~ ~vitlt :t hi~l~~Sec~portii~n of A ~gac1~~ cat ;liiti~a~i~cet (c4~t1..



UNI~.'6.~ ~X~~RNAL AS~~S~t~i€N5' :331

~ltiC3#l~fl~~ C~DIIYS@S

'~`h~ ~nai~t tic~~atit~a~al'c~i~~lfic~tic»~;; ~-acliti~tiyaf~y e~i~ctugtt~r~ct inx~~c~~~c3ar}<sch~ials iE~ kn~l;~ix3 laivc~~7e~ti the [,e~i~r;~1 N.atit~i~al'~ct~;stii~usl C~ts~t~fi~;~tic~t7s (C~h3VC~,) t4~l~ie~1~ ~ve~rc i~ttr~~dti~~et9 n►tc3srl~rn)si~~ 1'~1~~? acrd dc~reka}krd,frc>~n I~k~ticin~l t§acatiss~~al t~aalifiratiu~is (NV(~~~.

T1Rc: NVt~~ nm. tvUr3;-ril~tc~l, ccm~pttctir%-l~iis~c~ c~tRalifia:atic~3t~ ~n~I tl~r c~ttr~~s ~~•c~-~ d+:i~i<~ lc~rp4c~~~1~ iii td*c~rk c,~ a~~ r1~,°t;~k~ea~ i4<<~r~-1i,~4cd n~,titii~~~. hii+t~ ccrtirscs arc}ridc;jc~l~-s~x~e`s~ie tr~if i~t~, by15SC~SYt1NIlt t~~~t~~1IC~T [3~L'~ ~Sfb~`t t11 t~iC' Wi)CE: fCri~I P{5~1lILld:.i7~ a[3C) t~.PlrtCt'IOT9=Pi ~~Pt'tiGC4~.~.:~E1Ci 3~fi) CEi~`

E~3V{~ ~ncrdcl is the id~:a ~~~ cc~ar~~~ec4~~~~ to ~s-a~'Qms ~ }~arti~t~lar j~~,«~hsri con~~~ricnr-r;is d€:fi~~cc~ a~ cl~~tr~,a~trcy c>k'i<tc~tti~ic°d ~~c~rfrsrrt2:~r~c ;~k~fls.

C~NV~s ~~irs intccxlueed to ~r~avidc pu~aiL~ ~vitl~ aEi r~n~csc-luctic n ea ~ecu~tiafi~tri[ s~:itor:, sl~eaiu~;li,c~u~rp ~t eolie~;~=l3ast'd r~urse5, [nd~cd t~nc cif t~t~ principal aims c~t't~ic GNVQ'~ti~s to pr~yt~id~ aGtticEdfc n~,rd Es~c~v~cn cfic ~r3~rr;tl lc;~d~a~~ic rt5+tt4 trod c3~~cuEslti~it~;~t ~csctrsc::,:~tt~k~ ;t,~ tlsc I~VC7s sl~cril~c~f

wiL+{»~e.~iic flt tlic main ~tism[~fii~~ Lil~cks t4i the t:Ptal~c nt vc~catioaf5l yueti#i~~ttioais E~~~ scl~nols ;vas tta

~IiF~ii~~t~rc ia~ ~i~s~s~mct~t p~`;s~ticc ~ttcE ~:rn~io~c~lt~};ry' ~st~vcct~ ;~a`~tiaiitt` ~~~cl t~cic~tita~tal ~utirse~ `l'lfiwsi[u:icir~~~ rvi4 ~cktt~~+~k:~i~~ci iii t1~4 I)~:~ri~ia~ It.~;~~care i~s~ [tt--1{) c~uzlificatiotjs?a~~l~i~lt idenfpfied tEic nc4~for a eahrrentgGaii~c~[~~ns fea~te~vurl:eiEcc}~~t~as~ijie;;~t) t~xiie~~~~l ~~i:~lificati~ans ans~'t~~lii~tt prt~vic~lisr~~c~iv;~lc~~~~tac~isfa.~rv~,~aticsr~f~~it~lili~a~icx~~s(~~~~rist~, t'~It~};F~~[ltawit~~tEa;~trcFx,rtt v[,c•ht'sc~r~~l~f~:Sfat~c! vcx;~tio~e.~l C4;~ {t 3~'~~et~ ~ti~crr i~~c~«iiu~c.'cl, :~rcca~'I~~a~ni«i 6y a tii~irt~ble ~'rie t(se pl~;iacti uri~frrlr3t~~Ytof fThlVl`~ cnur~cs.~'~c;~~iimal c~it~liti~atioii*;~t b~tli C;C:E ~11~~~e1 afiet CC:SE arc- na~v r~ttered;tlnn~~i~~tcat~s.En t q~s~(i~c~#inns, ~~~tli p~a}~i15 m~ ~~th Eevc 1~ n~~i~~tai;~iu~ tiicir scncl}~ ~1'c~r~ e~~rr ci~lb~en ss~bjr~ta,°~tre ~acirp~a4 (~t tEs~~~ tlr~~c[e~}~at~a:itts eo~ctlfer ts~itlg sij~ ~~t3cP rct`c~ri~t~y c~utliia~el i5 ecr ~ni:ciura~~ Kcy~Sta~;~ 4 ~tt~ils ~~id ~ao~t-1 [+st~c~3et~ts co brc~a~len ~hcr pe~~r~nrnc ~fstuely t~ uiclndc vu~acignai+~r~~rss.~`}~c taiati~}n31 {~~tali}icati~ns E'ramc~vork i~~ T~1~Ic Ci2,1 slte»tia lae~v.~ the tisr4~ c)taafifcati~n stracicl~{~15C"IISc4~ 1C4 61t~3tc~C[~ tcDt~l,tl'C:t~3.

~'jtc ~P~i11C4V~i~{;"(~lP tllttOtl9~ t~tJd~fltCit[li7il$ 3V:1'SIY'1Ì~C~ 1t1~~~li~iTl~3~:t` ~'p~1+~ 3tlC~ YIULS'. ft14 ~iYt2F.1~ ~]t

nine scp;~rnt~- ~a~•~Is~fc~tia~i~c:~tigat'{s~rt~s~~ I~vc I t« I~~FcI ~~~ 7Ìtc ~eamci~~ark is ~vailal~l~ t~nli~zc a~ Mitt}~~`~`'+~'t~~§#~S ,p1`~:4i~i/C~11,t1f~~4~Ftlt)tlb"`~41,~i.~xtttl~~ ttic44~4(`(~ ~'~ C_)tt.'~~,{}(l~}~. ~Ct t~~t~ I3Yc1C~~C-w 1)]t~ I.tsC14 {~ll()~F~.

CiG"s~ cfif;~[itic;~tic;na its ir~~ iciona[ sul>j~ees cwer~ fie~t itur~xiuecti i~~ !x~atc~i~hcr ~?i1~12 and ~r~ aE~crcviii si~,~it su~iiccts, c;~;. iPPlicc~ aet anti dcsi~;it, leisierc anct t~t~risii~. ~clz ~cruass rc~Tisi~ts ~~thrcc ~on~inon,tarn~~crl~c~ry rid nz~rn~;ill}> cc~Er:Nl~y ~ti~~i~l~ted ~~Ei+t4 ~r~ ~:~~l ~tot~j~tt. T'hr ~~~;~l~irtic~~s is ~gxii~~l~~~t cne~4~ ~:C_;S~s a~t~l is ~~J~3ccC, like {i~,5~,s, #i•a~i~ A*—[J, cc~v~rti~ F~asEt lcuel t ~~ic1 Ic~~cl'~ s~t'~Isc t~~fiona~q~ialoficaticans fr~a~eo~~ark {Ta[~l~ Vii,?.().

T~i~le 6.Z.1 Fr~meworl; of natit~~l qual i cations tentry level to de~e~'3 onky}

t~v~l of ~ierter~P qu~ffiC2dior~3

c~uaJrficato~

3 A la l grac~es,gn~_

~ ~~5~ gr~de5 A{LLB

t .GCSE trades D-C~

~n~~y ~~~toFEca~~ ~t tetlu~aifbfiai~ acf~irnerat

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332 A5~~~5M~N7

Vi7e~ti+~iS.d t11tKFels arc ~v~il~l~le:te tl~r~t cliEteriiit'l~~e15:

~1~(va~zc~.t1 ~~b~iili_c}~ [~~~cati~naC(=irtitic~tfibfF~uc~afinn {~~ sin€ts}~

1~cl~~:til~ctl ~+`cx'atis~l~71 C;C~rtiiic:~t~ (ri'l?t3i~ctl#i~)tl ~b 1~t41t~);A~vancei Vr~~atic~ei:~3 C.'ertitielec i5f £ducatiisn ~T~o~~lsle ~1~vard) {i~ m~iia).

The ~~nits assi~t~ecl to cacf~ c~u~tl ti~~tis~~t Sri: ititcnc~~~i tcz 1~~: cum~?arabli tc~ t(~i C+~`sE A 1s~vc:! ~ai~itscles~ril~cil c;~el ee iii tCiiy ~cctioEs.'Vc>Ga#it~st~( L~~.L t'114ti'cls ;~et~ rc~c~ti~~ tisitt~ ilfe ~rta~ ra«~;r ~—f scr

dsacdir~e~ La~t~~3ar~s~trstvitE~ C;4~Er"i 1c~~c1 ~s~t Ix. i~~ada (ac,~ T~tGtc G ~ I).llc~ratini~al ~Qt~rscs arc ~~scssc.l tftm~~gl~ oar i~~ta~•it~ll~~ ~sst~cd E~ort'n6in ~fi:«~caicc ~~~d c~~tsrtaaCf}~

~Ct ti'tit,~'tYt)~ttt-'+t1( Ci~4-?tlfCl~~~+t'l)~'}:.1~S.~Vit~1 U#~I~Cel~1t1i1ip:litt)tf~, ~~14: E~~tK~'11.i) ~iìtii~,~,tl]{Ìit ~ti 4~1Cf[361~~Y.

mtcjcr:~tc~. Lt ~esatr~t, ~Ei~}~ar~tu~ic~,cu~ieeiliu~~s nvc~-~liirds ut:il~r ti~►~] fii~i~k:xvd rlit ~~iee~~;el3~c~~sti~~Eittlir reit~wrin~ iliir[~. Ea~~S unie i~~;i.icicc~ ~itd tlicsc-~~~dc~s arc ;~~ri~~tcc~ m pfc~ducc a ~ue,~~i grat~~~ l~rclay «~I1<sl~ qutiJ'it~~:eti~y~t. ~t~rther diK~a~~.5it~r~_nt v~atior5al ~Y~ttrc~s ~;~n -l» fi>ki~~d in t3r~x~ks 7tt~_~.t~c.~~

l'1-[~ ~UR~'~~ES ~~ ~X7`~I~t~AL A~~ES~TVI~IV7'

~~'t~rt~l ~~~r~~~~4t~t ar~~ ~~aat~it~~sScann 1t~t~~r~ }i~rs»~tia~~altly thr~~u~E~i~ti~t cet:~~R~dary Si~kit~i~~ ~cft~ctic>ii.xC~l~e tii~ic .~Exl res~urcev s~a~nt at) t~ais fùrut of asa+ s~tstctit ans tc~ bs j}Ma¢ifiucl ~hcu ~~ is ir~~~surtl~tt ttr:~tfile ~~~ir~;nsc; ~fextre'nal ;ias«sn~cnt arc Fctti}' ~i~dcr~toad. TI~cFc is a IG~n~-st:v~yciii~~, Irist~iyir~ the Llnitc~

[fpi~;ci+im ~~F(;~Icrn~ll~<<•z:~~nit~i~js~pt~pel~~tparti~ttl~~~ta~*~S in ~hcircilucitioi3, ~ti~liich isx~iaiSccliEltrct~t.('rc»ii ~Irc• Ejra~ti~:4 iii :~tru3~ c~tl►rrcrn~ntricy. ~t~r z~ant~l~, Australia If,is ur~i I~;~d }:Fiblic e~ait~irt:ttit~~i1 f'or~ti~aif~}' }wars {~iE~~s, (SJ+)7j. In et~c~i5r ytiq~~~ i~~ Engl~n~ t1~is }~raeticc leas etitcnd~:cE t~ tt~e c ternat

ass+~s4in~~u uf`~iupif+at tl~s~ end c~fi~4y 5t~~g~rs'? unt13. Tht }~cir~~ir;rs c,t`c~tcrna{, summ~titi~4 a~s~ssiaicnt

cat? 1~s tliut~~ttt <3E` itr'tcr~t~s of'cen [icaciart~ i,~nciiil:~ns and tits ~t~l~lic uec~trn~ ability qf` c4:~rlter~ :uia

C~i►c Ut'~lac ta~~in tunc~tiaus a~smnmari~fc assc~smc~~t as tea ~~try arias ~ra»didatrs, Tl~crs area trt~mhcr(t~ ~t'llj7f lti ~Y~1~?.1VC ~Vt51i~(~ 1Y;If1~ CC~4[9~4'~t)i1~4' ~le~)11$. ~V~110EY. Ii1~~U6~4 ~('~4L~#113; 4;11it~14~;~#C4 ft~7' ~tl~'~l~.f

CZ~LiC3[i611~ ~'fl3,7~t3~171~ ~.71 t7p~C fSll'~}~1P[~fjl~~r~Q~15~ OP L~7 3'1tt~51ZC ~C~1I~Vi'17tL17i.171 [~1c~C`~SC i}~111tiUt19~

c~~ii»n;~ti~~~s tl~tis ~a~ie~tls prc~vidin~; E~u~if~ ~vitli a grade that they a►~d nthr-r p~aplc ran i~sr ea c~R~paretl~ri~t ti+~ik[~ ~}tl~st' ~1rtc~id~tcs. Tli~ ~rad4~~r~is tl~4~i1~ t~s~ {c~~s~i~c~ ~~u~~il~ ~itlx4r fctr li~r¢tycr ~~t~i~;~tinq~

A s«~ind r~c~~nizcd i~imc~ion ot'cxtcrnal :~sussm~.nt is tf~as ~af'ccrtification. If .}'0~1 hold a ~rtiEicacc~I~c~~ it i~ +~F•i~lari~'~ sk~at ~y3R~~~t4n~~ icy part~culas silts has 6ec~r hthi~v4c4. Fc~r ~r~~tniEila, i~'y~ta h~I~3 a~ivin~,li~itic~ tlii~ is ~:vic3 nee di;u in a cieivir~~ ~cs~ ~~c~u su~ctssiully }~~rfi~rn~4~t ~ ~liSll ,t:►r~r cofu}~ieccci aittrce-E,aint tarn, r vrrscd aruu~ic~ a e~rn4r and ~ ten; "F"t~t si~iiGeaii4e co pupilsa ofLx~ti~ il~t: €at4~ori~i~~~~►is~ cssilic:~tir~~a pi~r~c~s~s, is cE~i~cs~scd 1i~~ tiac fact tli,~ an iai~~?cndirt~c~-~~a~ittatic~e~ ~~c,~~zclrfi an ii~cs aat~vct~5r ~}a~,7ls kz~ ~c~~~~~tyt~t~ utt clteir ;sttitliss ;Grit1, tc~ a~c~t~ir~s tli~ rrelet Zt~t F:fu~vlrcl~~ ~ttd ~kill~ rc;c~tiir~ tl E~~,tl~~ ~ ~ ii uinari~n fpr ~vliicle chef are ~ncrrcd. Ttias a f~refier fia~Yet eta ufr~-tcri~al ~:xaatinarians 3. t~, }~r~n~i~fc~~~~~t4~ sti[fii f~,r lriitlt p~~~~iEs and tcackicr,. ~'vtift~i.~ticm is ~ii~~~is:~tY1 in s;r~.i its r cictail in U~iif 3 ~.

P~~iic accour~tabttlty

C~r~r r~as«ti~~tl~} ~~~cs~s~il~;nt i~~o}~~~li;t~~~-tlar pc~li~ie:~E a~rt~ck~ ~t'psas~nt is 6cc-~tlie ie Esinextri4~~i1~~

li~~k~d ti~Rth'th% iiutiu~i i>~'raisin~* stanclarcis and s~}~uciE im~r~ve:mcnt, Sinse? tt)fk? schutfls 1~a1~c lecn

Page 33 of 71



ClN1~. 6_t EX`~~kN1~t AS5~5~NI~NS' 333

3tattsturil}~.r~s~ttirecl co puhlislr exat~einttiu~Y rescilr.,, tvitli [lie arij af`~Ser~r~id'eie~ pireiif~ r~•itlx tur~rciatfc~rtnat's~~t ~~c~ 4f~na~:ing~,Is~~~ls n~ar~ ~tcc~tantablE. Tls~ st~~Ratory eec~uir~iu~tic~ ~v~r~ etetadc~ i~~l{~~7tr~in~le~~i~:~~i~tiil~dhr4ak€t~~~vnrscse~rs~~yc,rf~,crfc~~i~~u~~r~~ hi~r-a+~cliti~a~i.~(;~tati~ti~~;:u~lis~~ti~an~~~ar(7~~1t1~>I~S C~tI~S~I~ f5~~) \YFf~1 ~~~'+~~ ~341I[ WEC~I@Uf 5Y~lttifi5tl}#4. ~(`~:E1S ti'tiGCt1)AtlC~lt iS [)U~?jk~E1BC{ i:1fE1~i1itlfYrlE1 id3

1C~IiCYClt7111 ~t'i4~ 3'kC1[I1111C'llK C~bleS~ <)ItCll !'4~UI`CC(~ t~ ~~Itl~~~'.15 t~tl:~ .i~C~*t1C [8~~5~~ ~Ci:~ ~l27[ ~}. ,~..i'~C~iC2t3~1

~ 1'i1T14'E~' Qt SY~I~litli: it~ (I1~QCIllit1i?Il.l3 ~}~it~t~l3~tC'~ C$i'~I:3lltlllTltl, Gl4TrGI1C~~~ SG~l(7(J~S Ul ~Il~,'T~;1F1S~ ~F£ ~.y~:iS'C#~

t➢3 titi~ f~Yt~SF ~i~aCtt tjitj~ist [~SiC viP1:i~51C; i~1C ~-~«4C~iti~,c sa#~~11~56~5 ~iill9t~ ~6Fi [aF31ic)CC:CiC~~t~, ~S3s3S~:~[

~;rdeic~s t1*z~. T}r4 iii~ki }~r~f le. ~io'eta to ti~~ acli e~•ecue~ic :~t~~i ~t«i~ultc~~t ~E~lrs ley tlic ciit~~reisc5takclic~lc~ers iii tl~c cc{i~c.~t ca~i }~roccs4lia~ I~t~ ccf~oc~l~ to im~lemcnc stratr~*ics to iicrra:;c t1~c ~zcrctntagc<,}I'tE~e c ~ti~11~ aChi4v~ti~; (a4•c ar tnC,r4 H*-~: ~,~:~~c'». i~cra• rx;ti~~ple, y~l~c~c~l~ cat"c~it t:~r~*et }7u~i1s prc{Ei~~~s1t~l .1C~17eVc-f~;7'~~ ~S 1C ~~C,.~~ ~dP 3C~r3tt10ilaj ttlftl[f?Flt]t;:1flt~~c.:if~Citttc` SLt]~~}Ul'C 7~ (J3P[,U{'C~iC ~~~Lt7uf'S.

,tr~t~~~~ tee incrcasc tl~c nun~lter.cafptipi€S ncl~itr~ink gracEc C:~ iii d~i:ir C;CSE exa~i~s. Thy. inirudc~ctian~s!'~~t~e~~al a$sc~,4m~n~cif~~~u~3ils :~t tl~e ~ tid ciClticv ~ta~,~K 2attc~~3 h;~s ;~iscy {y;~d q ±;i~nifi~~n~ Ien~s:artx~y~ tli~te:~cE~i~~~of pu}iils oi~ t►ris ~~e rts~c•. ~rf~nvidia~ fuetlterti~it3e~ice of'efic eE~t~ ct tl~ae s~z=ca31ec1 Iji~l2takescxK~n'afassc.sstiacnc lia. inn efassrn~az~ ~~r cticc; 7'lac tcrt~i'h ~l~ stakrs' as uscc~ t~ ~#E4criE~+: a~~essmr~atkl~~tc ia~w,i~;rai#ib~~tt ~ci,~s~c~ac~nc4~s t~,~ ~~tF~~~ tfa~: tar~t3iclaee cìr tl~c sct3t~~3F ~~+: l~i~it C,l;Tit .iic{itic~i~ i~~ tEi~ sc6~.~~~i achi~:t~~s»et►t aitc~;3ttaifrt~y~r~tt siu~c ~optc~~il~~r f~?9~,ell sih~c~pC,~ itr~u~laticfa~ic~ Z'{~al~s lia~~~ ~~aci tc> pct auci }azeblisii tar~tits F~r~ll p~i~,ils a~~~i 1 tslfi in ur~i~r to cie~~iunstr~ia }~ear-t»t-~c~-irirai~ar~~4c tairr~i~,, 1'c3 i~~ist e~l~c}ots with t}ii~ ~~rt~c~.~~ fill s~~xrx?l~ in ~~a~l~r~i43~rc w it ;s~~ai~ ~al~y~ iiitkae titiin~ti,;~ F.ie~:a~t• at'~~npit Prefcyrrait~~c ]tti~~rtni[icm{P~1~1}aÌ`k~is p:~c~;;~~;e i~rrlucBE~;e~usr~iì~r}tctt~atibnit resiil~s ~f 2ss~ssoiic~zts~~~d value-acl~cc{ iiitorot~at't~,ii tt~ titaUle sclicx~ls tc~ c-~»i~p~ee t~~c ~et>~;resniacl~ ~} ins~ivii~~tai ~~upila ~~ tl~cir s~ho~~l lvitii ~arc~a~r~4s r~i7 iw Ley ~ta~i[~ ~~;it1~ s i~~il:~~pricar ~tthin~~i± iacitt «tii~r~ ~~l~a>c~ts~ 'his ~ac~.~~;r tt~t►tai~~s l~efi~e6~ri~ark ci,it~ ~e~ that wcit~ri~1+ exit z~tr~E~;tire ~v1i~~[c=~e~rcic-~i~ee~f~rrn~i3e~; ~vtlf c1~at ~s[ s~liouis ~~n~[i 3i~i~ilar inrakc3 ~n~ }~r+~fil~s.

A~rlitinitil inf~~rnaaeii~r~ iei tlr~ Pl'F'I is }aczf~etilanec. ~i~d a~scsst~~~nt dat~,~«u~I1y icf`sric~ tii a~t3ANl3Els, ~vhitEt ;arc' ct~►npilccl sff~ the b:~~is irfsctyc~s~! ins~se~eti~~t~ cduta. C~r1I~1C]tls ire used l3}~ C)~~'~'GI?€~t tEtei~'~>re}~a~~fic~n }ri~~u~ ~~lic~al i►~s~+~:~fi~r~ ar~d sr~ c~►tt:~ine~ i~~ .~ ~iaeu~i~~nt~;~lled Pr~~l~~s~t~:,tioa~and Gaiars:sta~~ ~cE~cc~l ~er~icat~r~ (FE~:SI} (4~FS7ÈI7, 1~~4~; l 'and an~~:c t),

Ì'1~~ ~;4i~trt1 ~c~veFiift'i~itt i~~ ~T~};l;t~~c1:~1~~} s~~,i tiati{~ti~s( t~r~,~~-~ t~, °l~u~lc4 etin ~1t4 ~re~~~s~: ~irGl~~i~, e,~is~3CC3►12i53GAC.E1~SitiF1~~1~~ 3tit~ ~ES4 E1SPYt~Iti' [alt. ~C~19G'Git511'iIC ~;~~+. ~C! }yC~~~ S~}iQC~IS iO ~G~11~; 4'f`- t~I~.IS~ttij713~

targec~ srt, tlic ~>veimne~tt Rigs i~i~cc~E~cccl a rit[ ~t' aitiat vss =~ incd at raising pupil attainmc~it at Key~t~a~„~:3; ~Ur csat»~i(4. c~v~~ a sixt~~~Ucc c~fyc:~~ ~c~~r4~rit vas sxpt•rss~ct ;,lavtit tt~G 9~tr~civ~c~ ntitera!! Ia~kt~f'~st~5~r4ss rtr;ic~~ Uy ~74~EiiEs csc Ke}' Sci~~ :3 ~C7F~`TGfl, ;?I)~l(), C)C`.A. 2ra(lil}; In r~s~apnse ~c~ t{Scse.+~bscrvatian~. ihc, K~v S~a~ :f 5tratcgy tiva~ it~trs~datceci (f3fE$, 2t.~(~1, 2tM13c}, !f tttrtltcr, scparac~ srt a#t+:st irt~r~~,1i~+lt ai~cl rr~<ith~~~,~ti~-s. #Ii~Ysar 7 prct~•t:}~ k~:sE~, tMrt ~v~ilul~lr fir ~?atpiMst~~fi<.l~~it1 nc~eaetaiet~rEc~va~J ~►~c tl~c inct sif l{t~~ ~c~,,;c ?, ~~icf +svl~c~ :arc as5e~uc~ to ~>c +~'r~rkie~~ at E~dril;'~ ~5r ~#clurici~,Y~,ir 7. Tlissctests settay QC.A <~rid <ir~4 auarkE~l isy cxtcmai ~~arr~iozers.

t'~ ~i«tl,z=r'~x~sn~l~ ~l aGa inEtia#i*,~~ ire rhs ~rit~ t~ ~ai~~~ r4ati~~ta1 ~t~tid~r~i~ €r~ ~~qla~~~ i~ c14a~~ from_.

~s}>t<<3il~cr ~C5~1~, ,~-~iu~>I t',~n ~trt~ty:t~~~dcGc~onal ~~sts, ~`ri~x~r t~~ tu~l[fi~~t~~~~ts ~i~~ C.t►rrrF~;t3lutti~tzd~c~ri€~~ 4 Cwt=:;'~), on x,rdcr in a~css ~~u~~~à ~r~'s~s. Tl~c~~ tEses ari tiiaek~d l~~tcach~rn, i~}~ ci-i3~~ctingir~f~,rmatic,n are F,upil5 ~,rci;~Tc~„ in ai,;~rEi~matis~anci ~ni~li~l~ ca tE~isv~ayict t1~c: scl~cx~l y~ar~ notc~~vcre~~(5y.v[,tftl[c~t~' teSLti, t C. Vc~is t ~n~E ti, sCfiist~[ti ;NYC ~tt~7~3e)Ct~{~ ili Yt1tSi13#t~Yttl~* ~Sl1~~l~C~ ~1Yt~yy1'E`fiS 3i5 C~1G~C;{C;.

l~~[~vece~ ds~ ~r~lue~ry tens. The ~c~t, arr ticsigncc~ t~~ c~neriti ~t~ rc~ teaching,:inc~ le:~rni~~~'stzat~g~es ~ti~t~it~a~1~ ~,~h~i~~ls- tc~, aucE~ t:ir~;ctt 1<~r nc~~tt<<<-ii~cnt 6y~ tlic cnd~cil; If~y Sti~~ ~. (C~, ?~[f~~}.

https://www.dawsonera.com/readerlsessionid 1481618946476/print/view/false?print... 13/12/2016

Print: Leai~ing to teach in the secondary school

3~4 a~s~ssn~~nry

VALIE~I'T5' ANE3 REi.EACiILIT't~

Page 35 of 71

arc rck4rr~d iarii~:r i~ thiw ~initx~ th'~.czi~ic~~~t~cst`Yalidity anal ecliahility as central to andcrstincii~i'~ sli4~:ta~rriiiir~~ ~7rcxcss, '1'tjesc itlr~s-.ire alsi~ c~iscu~s ~t i~r t~~Yit ti.I, I=ur ,711 c~tcrr~.il .iss~~stricr7f :iiuic~uii~iatic~us; traml~v~ar~:~ c~t`rcGulaYions l~~tn~ lx~~i tic~elr~}cat~ ~;n~uri-dz~t tli~ ratnlu~is~ioti }~r4ecs~:u1~ tl~r r~~t~1t prc~~ltree~{'~rc Equtti<<tiiil ~d rr~i~~l~, Ta utitlir~tar~clthi~ tiàr~~~r•or~ yr~~~.ca~c~! tc+1~G;~vvar~, ~3t ttf~ iij4ti[et~ c>rjs at7ti ~~rcac:cssrs ityvc~l~~r~3 i~~ this L~~ tttaciiatt..

Tfi4 L;C:A is cltc ~uvcatsrn~~a~ 3~;eticy, t13a~ a~~~sot:r~ alt ce~s~ra~ sp~;~iEie~tio~s ;u .c~~~ f1 ~5 fnc~fiitc~ei~~~~:~anun~tivn4 tlirc~4a~li ~ prn~rammc of"~cnicii~i4s, cc~m~ara~ility s~s~rci~cs Inc! ~}ro~x=s. Ttir t~~A is,~~~c~~f~at rk~,1c cc> d~~ 1~4~~~s~~tc,sa~t lz~s~[:zi~icaii~~i~ ;~~7{! :5ki11s {I~i7~;S), Ac eEr,~; c~«i rat"~(Jf);~ ~~ ~ ~+7v4rf~tr~ctrt~nnc~unacd,tls~:,intecr¢uc~ietn uf~ n4t1~ l»citi, diE Nat3e7n~lr~,ess~fictit t1~C~te~,~ (NNA); Tilis,akcn~}~ i~~ subsicliar}~ ~~;cncy oft}~c ~C:,A and it: rct~iit is t~s n~~citrnizc chc cx~minatiirn sy~t nt aitd to tout-}::bk»i~~i~ie t1r~ irnj~ry ~wardi,~~, {,c»li~s. ['!►~a~e arc Ekirr~ u~~ir~ry;~+,vaxdi~~~, hc~i~;s in Fn~l,r~~d ~1,~c a~'hut(i{~ri~r~tbitdit~~~~erpciict~tiooil i~GCy~~;GC;Et1avclASst~clC;NVQc~tirses~TEtessthree~~~.xr~3ittbc~cfic~, ti7rrncd b}~ tlic nier~in~; c~F:~ ax~ri~bcr ~f'c~amiiiatin~c beards, atr gil~en,1~E ln~d; to~ct9irr~vatli thi-~~tldtt~~t:~•w i~#~tlb€r4i41~~;itss:

'~ ~1ss~ssm~nc aitci t~lu3li~cati~ns tllficnec {tl(~h~ ~tfrip;llwtv~var~a.or~;,tik/~ (ai~ec:;sctl ~~l i7~r.~i)[}-~)

• Cti~x~e1 ~1e1~~+:!/etititi~.;cii~xccl.or,~,ri~t~ (s~cc~~:srtl 2(}:~~?et, '~tTf)-~).~ ()xforcl t~3~nlirici~v <~ta~t I~SR Gxani~~aticns (t)(`12j ~httpJh~rv~uta~rl~r~.td:JC~(~It/tiVcli~;i~ef

ctocrQUC/in~ict;js~~ {~~c~sscd 2U C?et; ?i~tl~}).

~c~Jt«~vn~ ehc~".ii~~~t7rc~itt~;Stain{:i~cl~'eaasultntie~Ey(1?t~~.~~~}~),eltefi~r►ti~q~ucifasi~i~Eq:i~virding~o~ly~vas~eansidreii btl€ a ~~airp c~Etltir~cE ~ira~ t1s~n~fK usclFiil;ta rctani ~ mc~3sur oCc~am~ctiti~n. TlieI:zy rcccsmit~c~id~tions t3f't1xE sraRic~.~rds` c~nsulsati~,~ rc~c~rt ~v~r~;

tc~F ~;i~h extzit~;xlly~~.s~rtjine~ c«~i~~ tliere~is :t 5t~b~{~c~ c~~re-t123t~s~c~i~'tc~ the ~zc~5~~ rat c~~►zi~ictl~3t c~ch s}~icifiratc~~i n~iist co~~cr;

~ the pi,l~licadait oi`r, d~t~tilr.c~ Cc~cic o[ practit~ d~si~nst~t~ to t~tsur~ tlti~t~~~adin~; ttk~rc~;~rtls ar4et~n~isc~rit acro~~ stifi~j~~cs.~nd acr~~ss d~c three atv;irdiif~ f~~~ies. in il~esa~ytc stibjc~c, acid Ees,zio}'~'ar to }year;

• that this ccsc~~; nf`~rartic~ :~l~c~uf~I :il~c~ sit c}sit tlic rt~l~ s atac~ ras~a,~3~tii~~il t cK e~t'tfinac knv«I~~~eI int~~e ~:!:;gniitir~~; press ~~~~K ~kf~ Rt~}t pt`cxrc~ur~:~ tia~~ ssctiai~; }~.'p~t'~, ~~~r~~i:~~-~tiz ty~; ~ta:~rl:it~~; a~tt!

T'it~ pr43css~:~~;~ en~E~Ic~y6ri lyy th4 atiu-arclii3~; txatiics t~}.:~ciclres~ tl~i: rc~rc~~Tan cr3claticir~s ~hc vr. anci to Er~st~r4clan[ ~h~ ~x3riiii~atiar~s :arc slid an~,ecli:iFile aec c~utEirsecl itj; ~i~ut~ fi ~~ t,

TEA~hlIN~.7i EXTERNALLY AS~ES~ED ~CÌURSE

11E tttgchcrs Itavi~ ter th~rtk lxy~rncl the }~arsi~ill:~r Icsduii tliC}'~ii tt~sc:lii~~~ tt~ t11~~ csii9 [~f`thc ► nit c~f'~vfir~:,tt~ ctrsur~,lli~t ptij~ii4 e~~i rzbp~r~~ct ~t~ceess#iilty ~i7 a~iy ;~,~s~aii~ iitsci~izt~ilc~1 u~ ~, k~ ~s13c~,'VVbtn ~~y~ilsarc ~sses§~~i c*~ter~~alf}~ tltr,au7r cci3sidc:r;~tinns a~apl~: i,e. ltiow t~ at~a~i~o~irr pu}~il~ ~chiL«~i~itC.low~ver, t~s~ti c~~~~~ecel sn.k~,~ t'Eil1~}~~~var4 9f`~th~~ i~atutc ~f tli~~stcr~i,il_a~~c,nac•nt E~~r+.i~l~icl~ yorarc,~~r~~a~•i~i~;yuur~i~ij~r1~. tt i~~irnps~rr,~rit ~~~,t,~~~~sz~ #c~c•I~ t~ r}ie c~~ini~~a~izaFi~hutt« E~ca1<1 t,n Eu t1~4 ~rincipl~s,«F~uc~d ~I.7ssr<~~5n~ pract~c~,;



t1t~IT: 6.2 ~X`~~ItNJ#L AS~~SS#~~N'~

~+saerievz~ed Ii~'i~ h?`+S~Y~

c~erpis sc i i,~ I ~ar~datg~=;a9e7ctt -1 -:.i.';,Y Nzanfi~ld[GY~

..vi.~ xw~nii*y~ SSf1~i56f'..k'~~

r it3ndaf~zed to §y e,,~rr~er~~. rre

Pd€iCi ~iilWG1: Y1

ftpr~dtft}~ terlpl4 ,~_ (zt~efe ~Ureiiar~,,[rK45r5gt~ Sii

It~uiea S~Y:l~shzyi

~tV.xlt.~e „r, ~~.,~

~lgu~e 6.2.1 Praces~s invalYe~l in ~xterna! examinaticros

In ~rcE,~ri~i}~ y~ ~r pupils £ur exteet~al c~:ut~iuc~tic~ns yais faced st) lac fJirtili:ir +,vitBi tl~e ~~ilaject concc3ur

stt~ ty~}~cs afz~u€sti~ns see in tt~c e~aminatic~ii, aitc~ the IaEi~►i~~~: aa~€r~ in settin~;yuca~ic~ns. t~u~sti~r~zr4 ice ~vta'scla nfi~►~ ~;nk~xkcti}r ~vnrti~ ~uitEi a s~~ ;ific incar~ir~~, c,~. tMt~y ask ~a ~dict~tcs tc~ sl~:;~ril7~, car~xpl~iai, u~ use: share cyUtcs or su~r►teiarizc~ t;:zndi~l;~tes iyee~3 t~ kncna• ~vluit tlie4c tit~a3~cis rncatr iat

~olle~t tether a number st GC5€ ex~n~ir~ (i~in papers ter y~~r sub e~~ tQgE her t9~ith the mirkst~~meS and ~~,eeifi~at on. i+': tizr~ ~4s~ 61e also obtain the rei~v:~~t ~xa~n€ner~' iep~rts Svhac3i ~r~~er~t to 211 s~he~a3~ oif~ting ra~dir~~tes td 197at ~tvardifjg toady. Read tirro~ayls ttse sg~~iffcat~ars forttge examir~aii~r~ atrar~t~rrse~ii~. `hen acidt~ss 1'It~ yuesiia~3S In tt~P ~a~et ire the icail~win~ gray:

A~~v~r the queStiOr~~ y"4Ut~if.Mari ~oa~r anStv~r~ u~ng the mark sthgrrlg.

4 ~va14~~i~ yc~uf ~n~tivgrs and rn~r~ia~g and id~n4+~y €h~ key kr~~rsvl~d~~ ar~ci ~on~~~~~ n~~~~~it~ g~ir~ rri~xisnc~re rn~rk5- Liz$ ~~~k ai [tie ex.~r~inatic~ti gtie~tic~rii; c~~niity ilia k~X ti.~vr~s:end ~hr~se~. anost often used in the ~~~stigns,

f 1,1s~ khe examiners' refit i~ refina ~r,ci res ew y4~r iindiri~x,+ Identify any ideas tt~~t might h~ u~eiuf try Consider in your tiay-to•tiay teaehin~,

Repeat the exeacise far ather years of the same paper; ~,r repeat tt~e exercise ~sirr~ papersset at a ~lifferenc ~~~el~ e.g. ~iCE A I~vei.

A campletesJ tas; should be plated in your prafessio-a~al piarttolio.Chec[c the standar~sJcampetgnees required in your co~er~e which relate t¢ prega~i~c~ ~€apils

fir p~6iic examir~atit~ns.

335

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336 A55~SStvI~NT

Page 37 of 71

e>:aciufiatiuEi ic~uciidut~s>'I ts~: ~i?..'~, is i3tsi~ttcr3 t~ hel}~ }foie 1~ccuri~e t:~~~jilE:tr ~~~itl~ Cy}e3 vt cju~stivi~s

~iarrc~3t1}~ yet iit ~~.~«~i~lttian E7a~Ers in ~c~ur aµT~s ~aE~~ec~;in~i the c~orecspc~~rciin~; r~pr~r~s ~CU,-;~~3ii~crs:

~J~ecc}'a~~arc f~~iulizr_~ti~tla tVac~trG~~tt~rrarad tli~-1a'n,~~aa~~u~c~rj i~~ ~a4~~a}~~rsvc~xa ~.~n tb~~t i~etc~~r;ctEthi~~iiti~~rfirzttiai~ i~ttu your tG~~cfri~t~ dtr~,t~g1~~~t~t Elie cnt~t3~, 11iy<~ch~r i~~i~,~rra~~t as4+ccttza cz~tiyu~ler isthe t~c4~tlopi~~cf~t of stuii}F skills Ut~cli in your lc~ss~iis and ciu~c~u~hqut t(ir seli~nl, :sic 'f:~s}; [r.2;tl: Fir

fiirtliriitiviit Uti ticv~lnE;i~i~~t~ac~ys~:ifl~~~s 13a1c~crstrync'•arttl Kin~'(2()li~#),

bistuss 4~rieh your t~sie~r car salh~r ~xperse~cer~ 4e~~taer inyt}ur. schc~i ~xp~rienc~ sthcagi thewhole-sck~c~o1 ~t~rl cl~j~arlmenkai,a~a~rc~€her av~il~lat~ io si~p~rart s#~e dev~l~'r+ic~~t r.,f ~s~a~il~'spud}~ skips, 7hes~ skills iitc~t~de, e:g. mc~n~din~ coG~rsewoek; planning are scipt„rts~zg revis"si~d,~n~ i;rt~e rn~nagement, Ube th+~ inf~rm~t:on ybu fain t4 ide~Lfy 3erategl~s to Ent~gi~te ~niQyauc teaching. Check the star~dard~/competentes requie~p in ytwT'~aUrse ~~~hich r~lete io~eveiap3iigstu~ly skills,

SUMMARY AND' KEY PQfNTS

littlii; nnic~vr lyuv~° li~~kcd tf~i: f'nmc~vcul~ fi~ri~~tcninl;~ssc~tim~~ntand cx~min~tiony t~~th this n~turc;uic1 ptirpt~sc, ~~f sr~~nm:~~ivc :~s~essm~~iE. I3a5t~t N:~u~i~r:~l C'.tirr+culuiii ,~4tic~~mcirt :ink c~tcn~,~l~~an~in:uion3 u~ilizr .{sgrcu of both ~iurro-rrtcrcucc~i and criicri:,n-rcfcrciAccd ~nctlacsds, such ~i~is

i; :Gil iiF~porrint (tiaturc~ ui'ass~~s;~n4•nt uf~~a~l~icii ~~oiE nccc3 to t>c a~.~u~r :ind ~m<ii•r~t:iiftl. N~~~ii~.refere~~cii~~, ,usd ~~ei~erioii-re~cre~ic~i~~};,ire Ericson u,ccl in di~ci~ssious sec}:u~~; ~~, cx~~lain aloe s~e,id}~

increase ii2 tlic E,r~~}«rti~s~~ ~~f candidates aclEicviu~ A*—C: gcidcs, Thy ch,~3~~;c5 rcccn~lti~ intr~~ci~tccdr, the ~xut-1(> s~rtor of c~duc~ti~,n ai~~~ #o r~~conrlt;c stuc(~~iat; h~ brc~adcn thrir sEudirs to in,:huEe.Vt~c`:itinn:i~ ~:ot~rst's :il~)Y~~;sidc tr:~diti~5~t;il ;i~,3dc•i5tic <,'ot~rtiGs, t'1 t~~is ~~txr~: n~citt t~~ ~srC-;s t)I(' I~iiit;=a~;aai~ccl'Ibmli~~seir~ ltcpurs sties released pr~.,p~~i~sg a ui3ilieJ Iraincu~urk £u~~ ld-1s) lraeni~7;; (L)1E~

2(NWi). ]t ~ti=ill Lie inci•restin~ anti important for ~~uti to o~uuitur the im~~ac~ ut these trli~r~~is <~u th~rl~-1~I c~irri~~ilui~~ t~vcr die tsc:+q Ic~~~ years. C;I~C<,k ~~ot~e c~vi~rsc- rcquirc~rac~its Lt~t- ~{~c• stau~#nr~:~:<«iupctcnCe c:~~~~ccccl ,~!- yot~ rel;i~cd tir :usc„~ncnt :i~ul ~siiblic c~i~aiio~iti~iiis.

Tla~rc .uc likely ro 1~c tiirthcr iunoti•,~tic~ns iii ;~npri~:~chcs to acsc5;it~cnr ;nrd, as [ong ns d~ir~crrtn;~ins n F~s~litical !bc'u. ors r._u iF~t; st:~nd:~rcl in c~i.ir,<:h~~<als, cxt~~rn,tl is 4~s~i~ciit:uiC! c~s.tn~i~ti~tirsatstivill ~yr,u~wu~ tl~~ir Pr~sci~t lu~la ~ec>fiicJt~ti }?cnti~ec3~ti i~~~lu~~iEc i~~ c~iucitic~q;~! ~r.~etitr„

F1JFiThiER READfAI

~tbla~rt, C1. ~~icl t~i~}~s. C;; (19~7~ ~1~.'~ttr~~a~~:.~ learttrri (rri~h~ lu 11r~~ ls~c~<~s, Lcticioti: 1-l~~dcicr :~~i#~tca~i~kturi, A ~~~i`y ~ccrssibl~; i'cad:~l~lu ~t►ici~ to KititentR~c~rtr}' Y+sG~s~~sej~t issues:

j~mect Zvi. (,1~~3} Ct~in~* ~t~~~~snre•~~t,Ji~r ~rlr~at Irrgrrcra~lrr~elri, Lon~~tin: I Ic€i~cmanri, f~ tamE r~~i~nsi~~~ yet

vc~y ~c~~tnhle 1x~c.>k tf~at`c~~~tii+se w alk ~s~a r,`t. cit ass~4,iatrt~t,



F~~111`: b.~ gXfi~RN~1t AS~~SSh11~NY 337

C3E~.irtdtzent fir ~clteestiou ar~cj .Skills ~lttt~:/94v~u3vdi~s~~c~vitl~I~ ~;«cess~r3 ~~l C~ct.:'~{1C7~). t~se

iE~fi~rai~tic~c ovel~sitc diet is }~articularty ~~s~'iil t'or le~~kn~g at sch~rl aclxiz4Ementand aa<i~une~ct

tai~l~~, ~itcctn~n pg~l;~g~ i~7~i}~rnn~ic}n ~~~d ~'~r u~=t~-clat4 iratiarE3iatit~it ~bn~~t ~.a~v~r►nn~ nt ir~itiativ~s.

C~~iali6t:~iit~jzs aEid C~aericu9tfi» t1utl~Ueity zht~p the~~n~=_qc ~.~sr~,c~l,;+'~ (~~ec~~~~9 ~!l (pct. ~t1E}~~_ A~cry

u5cfiat ~~cbsitE ft~r eicca~3cti in#'aemati~n g~~ tEic ran~~ oi`~uali~~atiuns a~~~ilabli ire sc ccmctary school

X35 tVC~~ :~5 4UtT~TIt il1RUCitt;tEtcttitit ~~: ft`S~.C.

13rQoka, ~l (~&N3?) :3~se>;ti~e~rt ire Sees n~tr~rp ~rlu oL~: ?7~a~ r~"~1~~ Tir~rlaee'. ~t~r~~ 1cs altc~i~itcrrr'rr,~, rla~:c.«r~rc~ur,

Rc~•,?rrlire~, ~e1~3,~tiis~ urrr# ,~croaifrd~rl~ili~y, Ci►cckin};E~ai~j: C~?pc~~ tlnivsrsity I'ress. f4 con~~?r~1~c~ts~iv~

1tS~i'41[jlll`Ctt)t1~ LVTIL~4l1 tij?4'f 1}i4~1~~}' ~(y~' 1lC4t' t(`,4C~)4P;i, YC3 i~~ ~t~ES~{.~,ti Sj~ ~'t$tic;.$~'jtiLtSC ti) ~Eil;' }E;f=(,)ti{~ry{'y

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T~+~ ~►~1~+~~1, ~~~r +~~lu ~~ ~+~~ir~#fir

`F~his cl~arptctir takes ~+ou a<va~ 1~ai~t ttir i~iu~a~c~iacy al te,~rh~i~~; to ~rri~~izl~r t}a~ ;aims ofedric~tiun, I~u~vth~~ aims might lac icicntitic~( aa5t1, mc~r~ im~aortantly ~erk~~~s, lrhw die- euFriealum reFl~cts tl~osc:►into. Iq tltc: da}'~tc~-~a}~ t~rgt~nr-y c~f`t~~rhu~g tEa~ ~;i~~s.~t r~~xrisuliEit~ it i~ ~as}~ tc~ ~ru~l~ tliic ~vliy' into tl~Irt~l;}n~r,utid :~f~ii sic»pf~r ~;et ~n u~itf~ tlt~'Ii~tit~`.

By c4nte3s~, s~s~~i- ~ar~nts da c~iie~nt~it tl~e-4jud~;~rr~crit of odic-rs s~rlaa~ insist tlsar tl~c~ir ~:l~itdro~i ~,a cUsrlicti~~l ffc~n~`~J tc,~i'. five daysa ~w~41~.1'~r-~2u~r~~k~ Ei~r 11 yc~r~ and l~aa~c hc~iais~wor~:, i~z yoiircl~alin~v.~ith p~rcEycs, yuu ~aa~ ~vislti tc~ justify t}iis irtvest~i~t~stt in ~ii~~4. 1>i►pi14 r:~r~ tsri~r~ y~ri~ to ;~ lt~lt wlre~t indtc i3iid~lle oFa Icss~sn, s~~~ un tii~ Great I~epecsai«~t uC~lzc l']2!M 7nci 1 ")3~t~, tl~ y r~Enat~k,'~~Iry live I~~t to Ceara this? My mtim saes tltac if'I'nt ~ c~in~ to ~v~~rk in "4Gii tros~" dc~~un tl~r road, kn~~~~r~g ttic~^{. tfi~j115fL f61h(tty4 Et77' 0114 5.~~~t'.4)4ti/i) f1'~~S11 ~C ~k4~~~ i114 ili tYl}'~tt~7, iVf1E it; y t~- ,t ~~t)4fit~:[iVi` It ~lC f1RY ~[7t1

II~Ct{ 31C 3t1$U4!P ~l`~ [~ilS i~11K~1~dt7ti ~iiC~ sI1771~~P C011t3t5C7➢tS 175 '~'tSLIP 3ll~j«:i.

The 1~#~ Educatior► tict vas a lin~lm~rk iii cducaii~~~ iE~ tl~c t7K.'f'Gc tict ~;av~ ;~ ~~c~v fir~rnc~+~~ek}'c3C tC;Sc~1lt1~ ;ifi~( ~C7if [illy tlt~c~ IG l4';tS 1J1itTUC~tl~;c~ 171 tjlt` 3tt~dc~~~ UI'~ 41,1tt[1F71~ cflSEti — ij14 :~CC~714~{ ~~t?f~C~

t7t~~e hl~ly~t~~;li the Itct ~~r~~~ tp+~e :;ccs~Ea~9:try~ ed~~c3uu~i 4c~ s w ~icr ~~uu~~ crf~>ti~siln, t1i~ scr~~~ral a~n~s ~f'cit~ei~rriculutn ~~~crc pr~miscci on .~ c~istin~tion l~et~v~cit thrr ~ro~tvs at pupils, the arldcinie (~r~m~t~~rs-~l~n~~ls). #late t~ilit~ic~l (tc~l~i~itxxl seha~l~) :~ifd tli~: rat (4ccc~iutt~ry m~~tic;r~~ sc1~c~~1s). ~'~it1t Etia~~.si{;trc~~~c ~in~v rejCGt ~~iels a si~i~p]issie aE>~e~saGlx~

Thy I~h~3 Education RefiarEi~ Act, wl~ieh rckplaced cF~c 19~1~F At.t, ids.ntiti~~(a cor~imuia nurriculdan~."~'1~c l~J~~ A~-t ~4as }~rcn~~s~c~ c~~t v~ry nart~w aira~rt ln~t ~~titla little jest tir~tin~~ ~nadr ti,r tl~c cnrinsctin~t[~ ti~~c~r~ ~Irrse airzis ~r~ii et~~ ,ul~jc4 t ~urric ~~l~rrr~ tl~,~e ar~~~r~,~~i, Iay t1iG ci4~:~~1e !a(lc~i~~i~~~ t(i~ 1 ~~~t~ let,s+;v~rai refarnzs ~1 tl~~ can~ic.edun~ t~~~E; pla~~ end t~~tfi tlic:~i~ns ~f slit i9t~kJ A~t:~nd she l;~i~~t rei"~n►~s:arc acltlrc~~:c~ in thiscl~apttr

Iit Uriit7.1 Àit~~s K~f ~ctii~,~ti1~n', a rtit~i~ar~ti~~ ;it~~l :~trtl~~tic;~l ~ppr~:t~h i~ t,tl~~n tci ex.~ntineassia~~i~~i~at~s a~uut educ-atic~n. Unit 7.? "Tt7e Scl~~~( C~tr~iaulwn', c*xaiz7i~ics the ~chaol cur~icidkt~n intcn~ts ~C;si~ns, (~in~lly in lJiiit 7.~ n~a d~~ Natic~r~al ~t~rri~ulun~ ([~~) ~~~c ~~-~ininr tl~r ~kn~~t~zrr~-~~~th~Ct~l~~ ~~; E`<~r ~r~~lh3~ci tiw~hiett liar t1~e first trnc lj,i~ a «~~rE:~~i-~~utc c uE'ni1~1s.

ti~r'itliin kh~ ~eu~ral stanciar~s laid d~~~v~t in Lst~l.~~~~i fc~r ~~udc~it t~arlicr~ «~ gain ~a31id'acd tc,~chcrst~tu~ ~~??S) {L3~5,rTTt\,'?flf~~1) yc~u arE ~spz~icd tc~~knoEvatxat~t ~h~ aiRaa c~~th~~NCun~i low}~aur

Page 3 9 of 71

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~N~~C~6U~16N 335

~i~~,~4tt suppcaets the ~~t~crt( aitiis ~f rF~t t~l~~. Lti#~eeent ceire~i3 lisr ~T~, .iP~ L•ti~t ctc~~vu fcrr $~~frtiicrst

Ircla3id, Se«tiaii€i a~ici t~~14~+. Are i~varciless that the ~in~s afed~ic-ati~n anti uE~sitbjeets c4~tliiji a ~ur~ict~le~t~~

art: a ~~~tt~:r tst`tl~b~te atacl ~r~licical ~dc~:i ic~ia ~ix~ nctit #i~etarc icy tk~r ~nte.ra~ fòr c(a~ 71v~rc1 cst H'I'S. ~~

bcklier~e tfa~t to c:l~c►~ ~tai~ttic-1 kse at~~ar~ t~T tl~~ intntclati~»~ti tin tvl~ieh tr;itic~t~al pf7~ie}~ ou t3~~ as:t34~o[

currictrlutn is l~~scd bcca~ess y~nn~ pco~lc, li~twec~~ tlic ales of :i and lei, s~actid a st►l~stanrial ~~art ofrho fc~r~n:~tiv ps.riud cif tt~c.~c lives in ~i;lio~l atit~ a yi~iuEic~nt ~fic~. uf'ti7~ ~~ati+~x~e~ L~tEd~~ t i~ 4-I~amt~l~~tCi,~~« ~~1~►e~ci«~3~ iir ~s~~li~ity~i, [t is i3ii~a~~r~:~t~c zc~ ~c~jt~icl4e ~vlsp+ Et~~el~~rti;ti¢ics (cue aci«~~c c~t~ }isst~>r~*~ isj►~siific~ .is ~ eom~ai►Isc~~}~ ile~Fi~~►t c~i';~n e~3tic~tivn irc~nt ~~~ 1 C, if'~~t~x~e~►s~ii is u=fist is I~ft atier angstc~fi wl~;~t }'a~~ ly~vc lcar~irc~ iEa ;;c~~acsl i~ E~r~c~ttcra', then ~vEiat is cdi~~ati~n tirr a~uC r~~l~a dreidc5?

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n~ ~.

Aims ~f Edu+~ation

~r~~~m H~~~~►r~

iNTRt7i~UCT10N

Page 41 of 71

Gc~~~;~ti~~~ is v4i~}~ r~t~tGli ;r val~~~-1:ttici► :~~ti~iry; tl~i~ t~~~it is ~e,~i~,yied t~ liel~~ you ~~11~~t 4a~~ th~'vlltiesy~ru cncuuntc~ iiy }~Qur ivark and. rC~c 4~ihc~~ yc~n ys~urs~(t l~eii~~ to if. 1'c~iple"n ideas a6c~ut the aims of

4c~iacatiun may, in ~~art, l~ ~im}~1}''rcas~ c~f}~ f ~~n~ the s c~t~c;ition~l tr,~c~itic~ns uF`tlt4ir ~ti~vri svc'sc~}. ~vlait-li

alr+;ady inc~rKpc~ratc ce~t.~in cha~ccl vel~j,~s; and tiny utu~ ~~c i~ae~iii~d tlt3~nir~lf :~~~ in~3ivitfoal°s {~w~irefkrti~~ c~r~ tli~ir persoii~l v~l~aes. Noc ~urprisiaf~l~, d~tn, in .a eom~le~ ~acitty there is rs~om for

ctif~er~tas~r~ its vi~~v~ ~1~szut fduc~ti~~~a(~i~~~~. I~~clivic~it~l~ with, liar 4xamplc, s~ift4rru~ cdticatinual as~~i~Ift~ CXitl YlCi~«S, i~l~~Yc'tit Y4'~t~,IciUS~tt'jt(..fti at3tt Ct11~U h3~ tk`~4j1~[UtlS,;l11ct c~t~C~lt~ ~7c3~1GIC-1~ K4 ti({CtStit's

fit3~ ~~E C~It~~P, I[I 1~1CIFCt~li~4}~i1011~ (FE ChC 3t[ll5 c?l ~z~li~.~11OR.~ii ~1'E[~I~i C`l~A~s" 3~?~]tit i~t~ lllll5 ~1 t;Cjlf~.lClt~Ti

i► the past I~av~ r~mainktE ~ft4n ~nor~ implicit t1i;~n explicit, tyut itt rcc~nt }~~ar ~hcrc has bc~n sungct~r~sc:i~~trs iittk~7~i~~~ ta:iirr~s.tt~~u~cr~m~~~~~t Icv~1. I~ht~~ whiat r~~,ay ~~c first ~i~lit,c~rr► rttlt~r are al~s~r;~~~gt«~tioi~ ~ ~+rl~~t slauulct tti~ ~itt3s u~'cduc~ti~n Lc? ~ a~ ii~► f~~t .a» un~vt~icl~I~IG p:~r~ ~t ~li~ cans~~t i«N'~31'Ljl }'OLI ~i'C tA~4L~SIR4?~5:1 C~3CEIC,P~

t}BIECTIVES

A! tt'~e e~td Uf Ihis u~iit ;Ou SfrUul~i Le able t~:

lisp ~ varrely of actual acid possi~lc 7irr~s ic,r educaGor7;reflect on aril tarrriul~te pour ~:~rn air~;s c+~t being a tea4ier;di~Cuss air'e~S of eduea~ic;fl ~~,itli otf~er teaCher~ ~anu t:~itft Qare,iLs;

• I<1~ntiEy the S[aiidaf~i5 (ut ycut [~>ur5~ ti~;ItiCP~ resale iv 11te firoad aint~ v; ~r~utati[~t1,



UNifi ~'.1 AI~f15 b~ ~C~t1~,4'f~C7N 3A1

TF#E at3~I~L ANtx i'C3iITI~AL ~{}~II'E)Cfi C?F A1M5

t)~i~ dit~~rcia~e hs nr~c+~~~'ed~~cati~rtt 4-~~tt~n~w is tlx~t tt~c ai»>s ~vliici~ t~ac t~~rs are E~p~~t~~# to pi~~t~~ n~p~•h~ ~~e~ic3~ci ~t'dili~ecnt ~setlii~cii zir adt~~icristrticive leti~c~l4. i'vtan~~ c.t~t~t►t~ ins tcxi~~~ ha+~~e a Mrici~3T~:~1 ~cittc,itii5~tisy~stemr at bast ~ar~ty scatc~fuyici~~l a~~~3 state-euntr~Ils~d. lu sonii casts« as.utice itt she St~+~itt U~~iun, a~1s ark}~ ~1; tii~t~c~ iciec~lG~,ry s+. i~ .~ t~ ~~hiclt t1~c.~t~hc~Jc ~~tac~t ari ~ysterra is ~icant tc~ ~fr~a►»c~t~, ~~~ s~ iri nt~it~re cl~;~cir[r~l zcci s}'~tctta iir iitf~ich ~i;~i~v c~~ritiis,ty~ der: Ie~P[ ~o Ic~ctl Ic~~c1, Ktrc:rc in;a}~ @.r. ~tYcj~~ thetiv~u~le s~~i~ ~}~ a itso~~; c~r~i~~s ~,F i~i~ly sl~~re~i ~et~.e c~t4ui»~ tllc aiin~gtèciu~-aeic~~i sl~o~td 1~~. Tlu~s i~► t1~4ll5~ tltcrc ect~~~~s tc~ l~av~ ljr.€rt ia~ tfis clflc~ d~~ade~ cat ~I~e t+r cntir th ~.e~ttu~-y a evic~c 1y.41jar~d s~i~ss, t~xaicsa~e ;rii~o co9'tlt~ r~:~tiK~~~:11 t~ilfic',tt tyre ~y'~:kezri tints tip tx~ak~ ~ :~irlglc ~~7tiE~rr c,t~c ~~f`ctiv4rsc t'~»~ttnt3t~iei4~:

lti Bj~it3in, l~~th]sisxurl~ally~nd tacla}~ t3te pictprti,ks ~uiae~..Tlir~u~,li ~sittcly ~Ftlisz~t~c:ntictli ct~FiEurgse~iuU~s Itact a ~e~~d dc~l uf'aun~~ii~n~y; f t}tn a [~g~al }suiiit Ut ~~ie~v, in sitting and pcFrsiii~z~ their aini~,thcsu~fi in n7;t►~y t,~s~~ cliff ;~ir~s cst'~ }»srti~ul~r ick~c~cs~ ~.~r~ t~c>~ r47~dc ~>~ii~it.'~It~rc ~~~as.~lsc~ rz~oiat fcfrsoriye u;irjacic~~r ;~i Ita4a! ;rt~tl~oricy~ leu~l. For in~tafs~, iit tt~U 6~.~7[)~;~rtd Id1~r~s tkfert ~v~~~ ~,1sti,} in ti~liic}iparticg9ar L~r~s pursiee~ rnc~rc racii~-~1 rgxtal ~p~i~t~initics ~c~[isics Haan wets y~ippa~rcii cc~ztrall}: A~~q~~ i~~ Erc7irit (tl~~~~a~;l~ i~ ~4 t~r~k ~~~C~~~ ~~}t tea ~;~~ iutt~ t1~i c~stail~ l~rrc) iti tlt+: ~i~7(€tical ~c~t~tccw~rsy erv4:r`~laus~'~8', tulticle 1»~;;i~t is~ t[~s; l'~~l~; .rs~c~ l~st~d ineiz cl7e ~ee~cj~c c~:Ett,ur-p. St~tnc LF~tLe~~er~: p~rc~iv~ci,.righi]j~~r s4~tan~ly! as ~iniin~ t« pr ,mc~t~ hiimus~til~alin chrcru~li }ar~~;ra~~irs3is anc~ curriC~r~u~it n~:~t~ri~lsi~scd in ~~li~~y1+, att~ ~~gislati~~i ~.va.4 hcaat~Eit in tea rt~1c: this ~~~~t (s+~4tit>n ?~f.a~#'tls~ ~,iy~~! ~ Eci~reeat~nt:attt1~~ 1 tlfili'1_ ì'lr~rc' ~vts a,~i~ucf tte:~l «E'eau~`t~~iar~ iii the ~icl~ats au~ r ti5is ~1}~rkicitlarl~+sit~~t: tltt ittilt~~~tcE~f T.~~ ~,~~cr i~}~iiuidu~l~cl3aols, 6~d l~~n ur-ry ~i~ue~i rcciuc~ii}, ~uic] er~cnte~alEy'tltc~cleua~~t [~isl~tionw~i~ r~.~~4~lrsi ~ ~vt cif chc t~ocat ~;c~v4ntttt~~at flirt 2(N) . ~l++lt~tc:~~~r }~c~ar ta~t~~ vir~v i~'t[~~ ~i~;l~ts t~ricE~v~`cni~~ i~ftl~c i~:~t~~: it illttstraie:~ that c1~~: yt~~wtic,n tit'iv~~~tlier: ctacrc~L;;rl~c}ufc(~~rshs~tit~i ~~~~c be ~~tjrstiirts;c rtJiri aiEsys i~ }~~iccnti~ll}° i U~~ tr~i~~t r~i~l.T3ic T~ior~ ~~;n~rit cj~aysticrn a3#'haty f;tr tli4 rs i~ tv l c scar}ac f~~r ciiv~csit}~ Lscnvc~n tfif~~rc~~t I~+c.~Pities

:iESij c~3t~s;Pet34sC}FFMI~s ISStt~~ hcltl~`7~c~}~~,'C~ t3UEtlt ~3YI;:t1F1 tfi [~li ~ti'C[it}'-~ICsCceElEtlty..~ ti~'StGtTt tit+~kf~Ei ti!

so~nr re~pi'~ts s~t~ up ~~k~r~titi~~ l~et~Ye~ri ~iii~er~~u s€li~oia, ~acli aiinij~~ to ;~ttrcret acid 1~G~1~[ c~e~ti~

~u}, ls, snc~cara~cs c~c~z sclt~l t+~ ~t~~kc its ~~c~ aims sisar tci p:~s~~zts di3d prvs~ccti4~~ pupils, anc~~)Cfti~~lti7 ~D~'G$C:1li iC,~t~~ A? ~L`19Y~.lit ~c}TitC'. iG`,ti' C~tStit[41iVC fi`t}ot1 Cltf14'Y'ti~]1C}t~~4 :e~ t~14' It4'c~ t)~ ;1i)lifi. .7~ti

uE~+tiut~saaiu~lt~, ti~~c ~aii~ii~c:x~et t1~3tscle~ts laf~~Elt~i (~r~el CXuidc~) 3s t~tE~ri~lc~a~c~llebns4 c~r~ct~ca~~ls.[alxli~c~ ;as s~.~orts ~allc~cs, wc~e~lsl ~~i cs~licit attcntics~i in tltrir ~eiblie stiict~i4iits r~~ai~~~s tc~ tlac fiaci~~cifth4ir;~~tivitiis,.;h~t tht ti~aa~: c>f writiii~; t9ir cert[ec~ty ir3 L,i~1;~nc~, ist Ei~c~ witE~ ~;c~uco'r~caici~c pc~f~y, Sw~uards Cie t7~aj~ric~~ ~~ ~c~~a~~ci,try~ ~~fiuc~is (~3~=ia~ ~ ~:t~r~ie~ildr s~St~i i3lzafic~ta (tvli[t~ still tc;acljui~ cl~~8t~atinii~l Curieeulnni}, Ff'li~rc arc atsa li~:cly to tae; incr~asin~ ~~uni6ers o~ faith s~lta«Js,;-and ~a~~e ~t~o~z➢cl~x~~:ct that if a sc.hcx~1 }~a7 4x~~~ set iaj~ 6y ,i ~artit ~xi~r r~li~~c~tts cc~ntant~niiy ar~~l is c3~~ c~.i~~! cc~ c~E~~rir~~;edttc;~~ic5ie ~a=itliics :e ~;~r~iGt'I;kr i'~itFs, dais ~~rmtFlct i5c ref7a:cctd i~3 icy aiesys: [Cyaci liavc uli~x3] ex}~:ric~~ccivit~nt3 ~: 9aith schoal, urif`}~o~~ ygi~rself att~4roc~cct cine, I.et}~ t6,is in r3iil~ct iti eh~ tas{s ~liut ic~liow

Wlt ~~ ira ~~~ri~ res~ c~ ti tl~~ list hun ~t~~;s~~s l~avc ~fi~a inc€~a4irtgrc~~+€i~ ~vrvariatic~r~ t3 ai2~~s k~stcu~~s~~tiG~lt~tl~s, kf7~X~: ~F;1s ~i~SG ~>~4-il IT1Ct'~.Èsflx~~ttt~3ikti~71 tq.il[7]S 1t t~i~ ~c'Vt~~ s)} Illtle)t118 )Du~lti~ti. ~`~lptl~*~1 [714'fr~°

his net t~cn +,t~rlespr~t~1 ~nEs€i~. dcls~tr ~f~a4ie ~1i~ ain~x ~f ~dfi~aiiu~t, }~c~tici jas~i +-iticn c~~m*j r1~~ir`?i~;i~~ do ~h~: n~a[t~r. Tltci~ u t~:~'.~ will nt~t ~Ivva~*~ ~c pttt c~~.}licit~}~ its tlic tcrrni7acs{.if~}' ui antis.' ~iut~~'Ei4n ~it~li~ier;t►iti~~y tE~:~s.~lt~x~l ,1tuuEd ~t~able ~irittit~ uY ec~rtt~~ct~ ~~t~nq~tyic~Ely xvitli ~ieEicr ~ra~it,~i~,~r that 'bdit~~l~; shcs~ticl" i~ictil~;it~- ~tj~rtl stautiari3a ~r sE3bid~ }~ramc~t~' aeciv~ citi~a~islii}~, t1~e~- :z~•e i~~cf~i~ct rc~rcau~mcndi~~~ccrt~in gin s I~carscl~cxali, At tf~is t~raad Ee~~cl it wilt gencr~lly 1~ ;iss~mtckl tl ~t ~livs~nti ;~i~ts ;ir4 s9i~ryc( i~y;~ll ~;altciui~.

Tliu ~Itc~c ia,~l~2ysa ~t~ir~itial t~nsic~n Ei~t~4xce~~ (c~) tli~ ~j~s !>iiit~ rat ~ di~~crsi[y.pfroittros in difl~n~itachaols; }i4r1t~3}?s b~cae~sc dtcy art,. srn~in~ rather t1iC~crent c~nu3t~i~t9tics, aei~i (b~ tli pr~nlotion r~f~

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34~ [UR~tt~ULUNi ANb ~i~~tEi'Y

c~i~~n~c~~i ~in~s ~e~'uss tEsc sels~ril s}rst~n7 ,~~ :i-rvl~ile: ltt ~~se citr~'eEt(ic c~veiftii~l~ ec iitury~ the furies Un~~~i~n~t~n aims 1~ec~me m~r~ }~ramit~tc~it ~~t Et~~Ca»~i, Tyr reasons rott~i~ct~cl ~iritla Cl~c rc-uiai€~n ~f tti~NC;; a~ 4+~~ tlrall s~~ in a later st~ti+~r~, l3tat tlt~ Fi~liti~a~ sitl~atitxn as tltait3, ar~c9 it~na~ h~ that by the fiti~~:t~c~ta e~:tc~ tf~is yi~t~ ,rrc ~weaPi~r~; rtrnre ~ti«ur~ifi%~ent ai~tii~ iii iii("t;:r~nt ~~lri~«t~.

t~Y a studriit tc~clicr, thin, )'a~tt arc tvorkit~~ in a c~iisctrt iti 1vlii~ti many c~}x e[nti~~nsa~i~~ut :;i~iia art,~1r4nd~t in {>IacC, ~t~ra~ ti'~.xn~~s~~,~~ri~.pc~#tttclttii>t~ec~ it lc~i~litia~n.c~r in tl~u• ~~rc~~pzci~t~ 4~ cy~r ~~lto+~lt.y't~1i W)~F~C~ ~tl~(~S:1ifc tc7 Pc~tx};ilfZ~ t~1tt[Ut1f~Y t~:tC~iSYs, ~'tt►iC~Y~i~31~>, CfiSi1'~S;ii`C~3IsF ai1C~ tife,iVfc{c~`rfi~;.l4ri~.

all ]ia~~c tltcir viivs ~bat~~ t~d3a[ ~~~ti slioul~h~c z{~i~~~, ~~td ~ tc~it~~~~<xv i~tccrct~ in~vh~~t yore ~rc.~lc~i«~;.

VG`l~at aims ~yQu,~?nr:~tec as ~ t~;7~lzcr zrc ~Islrly nsrt jri t ~~p io yUtR.1a tli~t`4. Xrt tl~;~c4~es~, r~ttt~f~ ~n~i~~c (t~ yt~ur ~isi~~g yz~i~r vti~~n ~h~~~kt,~~,~l~u~ tli+~ ~i~t~~ 4~f`cdti4uti~ir~? ~t

~s a p~ ~ui3c t7f tliv miu iliac ~lu:rc is a t4>t of puint~ ;iii tisis, its tare ~Itac any i;ctiu~l F~~~lirrl►as ~~n~ ~~i~~yalx.,ut t[~~ ai3~i~ ~f ~cEuc iti~i~~. (Tliia c~~csn't t~tcan tilt y~t~r ~=ie~v i~ t~it~i~r~iit i'rc~m an}+u'nt. else's. but itd~~s tti~.u~ tl~,tt is is,~, vi4sy drat ~~~~~ li~rr~ tl~cite~{!~x tiirt~u~lr n~1~i.~tae{c»~~ i'crr }*t~t►ru:lt:)

t-t~~r~ «re ervn suasorts ~a}~~ yatir r~tit~n tl~iril~in~ al~c>txt aims i~ r~f~v;~r~~ {)'uu ►nay ta~ell tlsinR ~1'fUea~~rY~ i~~ri~}. I~irst.,~vitlzin the constrai nts, Xgiir ~~~vi tiiinF;i ng ~1~c ut aims ir~t~tiiri~~ss tEtc ~~ua~~ }flu ~~~~r~a~hY(~tarts l~~~+att~sl~~tc7f:,~~~rt4tt11r~ubjsc't(stirc~is~etw,this,«pc~c•~c>t'ai~Fa;+~>fi:i~tt~:;iti~,~ifurel~~ri~ttl~i~.neat iiiiic}, Scrcincl.:~s ~~ r itizcii,}~utt,l~av4 th4 :t:~t3~~ ri~l~t ,r., ,+uy nthcs• ~ieize~t t~> fcrrti~ at cl ~~~r~~s }~catlruavn rir=~v s6~uf t13e aims oCes~ucati~jn in ~eiier~l; but at tC1c same time+ athrr }x plc mi~l~e [na~~nably4x-{}4~:t chat sit ~ nip-►aai~~ r of~ tlz~ tcaclii~t~ r~rt l~ssiv~~ }'~~ti ivslt Lac i~~ a ]ssttcr 47~siti~~it thin tlt4 ~.~r~;s4.it~r~i► R> >~r~kc yoi~r~vie~ti.~s ct~.~r arr'd b~ F,r~p3re~i coa~#;~+~ fi7r tEsc~i~_

THINKING AB{~~T i4EM5

7.tsks 7.1,1 a~td 7,l? ae~ ints~iC~~~l to ~ivc ytsa ~unE ir~si~ist into tl~~e r~ tt~r~ ~nc~ vs~ric~ty ~,€ ;iiia~~ irasxlura4i~i~, as ti~~cll ax ,ey~fy~ ix~sc~~iciic~ in l~iiikii~,~ i~n~t :~i~stis ;~nc9'clt~ir iot~plccitic~rss ar~cl diseus~i~~kthi~~vietao~l~cr~.

1fV~iY ~4~'H~tt S,V15'H AlIY15~"

Fclti~`~ti~,~z ~s ~t~ali kr.~,, ~r~ :aitt1s. ~til}~ ~;rs~}tts, p,~rtnc~ 36tt! t~a~;li~rs, ~;t~., l»~ft ;1ir~~~, t+t~~ ~r~at>~n~~tcc idea IiE:c cdaiCa~i~~n

{I[~ ~}~c~, tt)1Cr: cla. 8, Rims cr1'cclucaticm'},

`~aue c~pzrit iic,~ id7 ri{aiti~; rlyc tasks ~t~a~ [gave t~;tckccl ~~}~ De~vey~'s pc~inc, l'~u m~~~ {s~~•e ~ctu tlwt clif3eectit~c~ple cin 11ati~r dilTcr~.nt :~i~ns 1`~re~kic~irion. Y~t~ Triay~ ~Is~.~ li~~•~ rgiisidri~vtl hc~~G~ ine«1~ di~Ec~r~n~4air~~s Kati T~~ke, !A ±tatca ast~t +aE'a~n~~ ~~~~ ~~~~r ctn~s ►~ ~t, t~e:~~~t~rtir, r»ak~ ;igay s~ (~s~r~2~~-~ !iy it~s1E~(tlt~rei, art ~~~~i~~~l~ ~L~~f~is ~Selc~~v in ~Irr.~~~~ut~xc taCt[r~s L~I~:~. t3u~ tivh:~r p~oplr ~~~~ ;u~d 1~v~v t1~4}~ atc~ ati a~ccrEaiiil~~ int7u~;iz~r~i hp ~v6a~ eli~y aec tliei~iselves ~inuFig at, dims, ;ac tl~cir ditF~r~nt lcvEls-, e~R a#~cc =

' i~ic~~+rases}~t~lt~G)~s~la+~~~s~~~ii,t>t~taiiz~sl.(frtrc~;irtiipla•.ch<<in~~t~i•Enr~rtti~~~~ards~~~r~~~~~ficr~~is•e~iucatioit ivl~icl~ t~t~;an iu ih~ 1~1fiQs ~~~as ciritieu at Ica~r p:~r~ly b}+ e~~~li~iz :us~ls of brew irj

clou<<i clad l~arri~c~s aa~d.tiistri~uti~~~;~~~pc~r~w~i~ics I~,r cdus-~uiori murc ~titit{ti-I);}

• ~'~n~uaa~ ir~ili~ic~t~al srh~rul i~ tUn, (i~nrr.~amplc..~.,ri<<us;~s~x4tti ~~i',i sch~r«P; ~~tli~,~. ~~rtd Ar~artiz~titin

n ay l5~ tttt'zti~*ateei t>}~ tote :ugh tint ~±lz~>jl; sho~~l~i r~ ~,cc~ :uid infer.uc ~:~~ h {acl~~r`s~iitl~~r~~s~es,~~ 1-ia~v f~tri~ic~iluni~~ani~nt.is,~cluctrd~ieid t~~u'gtit(tliv.r~ i~ ~num t~~itliis ic~pcct ~fili~ns uitfiL

tiC'xt ~ltiit).



ur~~r ~:~ ~i~s c~~ ~~ue~~~~r~ ~a

4Vh~n yot~ 37~ue car ec! ou[ this task by yburs~ll„try is comg~r~ yo~er iir~~iingswit~ rose of Qtheastudea~t te~ch~a. Tlae ~~a scl~aots poi comparison are;

• t~t~ ~~hvof qtr tivhitlt you r~~eiv~c! your okvn s~asidasy Pittu~ati~n ~4r the r~aj¢rity ~f ii, i~ yQu~har~~e~sch~o(s)iy~aur tutre~f school ex~Qri~nce sr~t441,

Forthe first sctacsai; yrat~r data ~s~li tie t~i'~c~i6~or I~rc~ely #romyoure~tivn m~mary, +4ns~ver the tc~i8rn~rir~~gii~sticns as far as yt~u can.

Qid yo~€~ school have an explit~t siater~e~t of its aims?41'ere you as a ptaWi6 aware at khe 3c~ronlY.aims7

• In 4virat ways did the pai~itufar aims a~ your sthaol impinge on yo~ir'enpei fence as a pupil]

Frar your school ex~a~rs'ence sch~l, ask;

noes }our ssti4~) t~av~ ors e~ipl€cr~ 5ka#~+nent of aims— ak ~a, a~;hat dv~s it say?■ Are the pupils ~u ~r~ te~r#iarag awara e# tl7esrhocaCs aiseas?

toes the existence o~ these ~ira~s appear to ~ria'~e,any di~fie~errce k~ the ~up41s' expo€fence araRa e sc~t~f7

tf you are ~ parent, you could also identif}~ ih~ aims of }~caur ~[uJd's scf~ool; a~ssng tie s~ha~`scfoeurr~ees~~t an end, perhaps. d sr_ussian with' St.~ffi.

A~~w~~ing these qu~s¢;oc~s i« 4he ease sit y.;.,r pres~ait s~t~aol criec~ce scl~ooE'r~ives scams(c r su p, e sr~~~11-i~a(e ~~t~p~r~ c~ i r~~ar~#i. ~i~su~~ ~ J ~;y ~;1 >~9~,e su3~{~~t, ygu may Y,~ able t4 anfor~r~~eu~its~r s~r~ltiitt[sy~iu~Rt~actti~y;~.t~.ir~ad~x: ~s;;i~rl~~ut34tic)alaarttsorE~irauglt~uplstfterrsI4ac4r~dGacun~ a 5urv~y snto Mrnv fir theie fe4lakv pupik~ a~ ~~a~aee of Eh~ s~haal aims: Yc~u ~Nou1d{1~S~u55 {Er~~ yvtYr ~i~t SCha9 kUtQ}r s1ii}~ in~Uirr ~d~i ~~~~~

~4rtipc~r~ ygur findirtq; tcii [n~ two ~hc3pl3, 47o yc5ci 6itit! tti~1 dims fidv~ a h:gh~r ~rc~fi4~ i~ briescha~i ~,r the 4the~7ls ~t,here env e:~iden~et~iat the ~xister~ce ~Af an explicit policy ors earns enfiance~th'~ ~~f~~c~tu~n the s~k?c~l rs fix,-~v;da~g:, Ch~~k tk~Q star~ar~ic P~ }~o4a~.c~~€~~u~~hi€h i~e~s3~~y +withthe aitn5 of s[hci~15.

~IAKLN~ì 5~1115~ t5~ THL 1tAltt~7`Y t7~ Al~itl~s

l3~ca~Rs~ airtax c.~Ez he 5ca <liu+~r::~, it is oscfi~t ire tlurikiza~ ~dros~tit ,dms t~ ix afisli tds c:~tc~;nri z thcni i~surnc ~~ ay I'Ei, r~ is ~ye~ tiih~8c ri~lie +~vay cst cfi~Fic3ut~•cii#ieetiie .unxs ia~cc~ c~cv~,~~rics; is~ fic~ is is ~ttcarePielpfiel ea tat: ab14 to 4~~arl: with di't~ercr~t i'ut4~~rizi ~~ s~-lic~~ie~t

Sc~r~zs ap~m;~~l~ss a~s►~~n~ kF~~t s~4~c~tic~~~ i4 ~i~n~~ tc} d~vcly~ ~'~cr~c}t~~l giiaEitics ~~d eap~~ities «f'c~t~c ~~r[ cue artottrir, ~tze~ tltcr~f~rc c~i~;dc .~i~e7s tip i~tcc~ c~ie ~:~i~~ue'rs;s ~~`}.Rfu~vlet~~~ a~~ic~z~~ti an~~ ~~it~~,A ~distiticci~~~ b~h~~cc~~ ;icad~ii~i~, p~rsc~oial :md vcxftiu~tal aims is rcfc~t~~ tc~ t}iis, but dogs i»~ cfyine ~~

s.x~ccly 4vith it. ~'ar~ ryF'tlt~= inaXic~r#a~itt~ en ~~~ic~iir~ c~f'th~ :ic~c~~mic!}ferstit4~aUvt e ~tir~n;a1 slit isi~n is that ~t

C;UI ~,SC ~'t`.fi~~tl1'LC(~ Cf7 s~t5lC ~V[Ci1ttIS 1V:~~`5 ~t3 ~tiV~llt~f C~I~~C►'citt CV~)C`S t)~S~~515{)J fyt#t7t'EC'~~~~f ~1:tVl' CtSt]r't tV~t~

tltGir t~s~.

[~,i~e s~v~n iF}~oi~ ~r~- ~:Qi~tici~~~t lac ck~ti~ati~n 4iioialri t~~.c~cvc=lci~i~~~ ~~rt~i~r gs~aEitics ~c ~a}~aciti~~ iii

h►cliviatt~~Is. ►here i~ ~hc ~t~tacr c~uca~i~~~t—shit Uia~ ;at~~,~t:~i►i~s—tFftiv~sg~ e~3ifixEx~~i~lcl ~e d~i~~. !s it~jttxt ~'~rrtl~c t~~itc:t~c ~fèa~ !t itidit~idual, i~r fir kl~c ~;c~sera6 ~~~d c3~"scxi~r~,? 1~t ~itlizr 4~ c~r~ts, 43~Itat slic~ul~l t[~c ;zi1i~

lac ~r~ctic ec~ia€atit~naf system as a~vl alc~ ~1~e~uld it lip tc~ s#~ tfi~ l}t~~t sBiat ran lac ii+aizr fc r taEli in~li.~idtaal?

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344 ~llt2ftf~ULUNi ANt3 #ClCtE"i'Y:

1'fai~ s5 ~ c~r~ai~ Rc~~k nv4ly~nr~ rule ~j(a~, 11 i-s ~~~t;~~~e taf ~ ~i~u¢? ~t ~ever~) sttctf~rat 1~a~E3ets ire ties~m~ schavl, o€ far a tutdr,a{ e;;:an ~~: i?h ~tut~~nt te~~hr~« from serer~l ~chQgls,

~iih Maher ~ii,clent Ee~Ch~rS, rr~l~ ,~ày a ~vFr.,oas' meni~ny ~~ri,it31 is inren~i~~! tt? Fj41t tdX7~tiie~, 5ba€ement of aims #ci a Rer~vsch~l {i~~a~jinin9 that it is, nek•; schrol ail~w~s you to si~rt with arelatively Mean sl~~eety, L'Oithin the alloat~,~l xim~ ~S~iy, n7P (i~~,c)yr~ur mist t~ to ptarlE~ce a Sl~Eementof aims tc~ be intEurthd it t~~~ p:aspect~s, try help shr,~v praspestive pupils ae~d ahe(t parents whatis distin~tiv~ a~trut 4a~e new scf~c~r! and its cluca~ion~t priositie~,

8~~ore }eau start ll~c tui~..pi~~,.~u sh~utrl agce~ on any special ctiataeierisiics~~~if the area itsa~s~Eiich the s~ha ;l is (ocaicc~: It rtiap t o hest to n7a3;~ it•a s~F~aa) which has fo sertt~ a elide ranee ~finter~s~~, a.e. a CaF~~~t~VjEr~sit~e _cf~a~rl ~=r31h a Sat#ally grid eth~i~ai~y vart~tf irliak~.

fic~s~r~din~ pn ti7e ri~3rTsl:ur f~~ ~~our group, ypu c<a ~ssi~n ind~vS3uats k4 ~a~ne ~f ll7~ fallv'N+i~l,~rQles~s ~4vetr~Qrs. dY~u~n~y this,~> >I~tr~ issr~ine s~eizo~Yping inEhe beiel~estriptiq~ii ~I iHQse~o(Ns. if yc~u ftasr~ ~xperie~sc~ c~E ro~g-salty, ~rt~u ~ht~ufc~ t~ at~l~ tea eii~ia~le~' y~t~r~~ll F~t~rre ~fi~Stg~e:aty Utz.}.

+ a ec,~;er~rativ~a~,•~iir~y c~:,ap~ny"c~ii~~t~t;a ~.d tl .-F iJF-~p~411S~ 1f~:1P LI f11Ufll4'..;:4[{',C~

-a ,~ CI1~~?~ft oi~tl[~latlrt vKar,

w ~9 ~.c<>I,eS~iers~nòr ?~i~ mi~in (e~~~ g1F~n~c camt[funitX;~ :.

s ~ p~r~iit r,~ a ~rig:~t c~til~i, yvEth hi~F~ "~cactPrru~ a~biiion3 ~vr heir ChFli~;tec;C11F~~-s~~4~€rr,Qt;

f tl~e h~~tit~cher,

Orie of you ~hcsUld be elected taCi~air the itteelir~g end ariothe~ tc~ take n+~t~i are thh Uoints madeanr3 reeard anything wf ith is ~gree~,

A{ter the r41e~~izy, i(:y~~ ttaE~e nat ~rrivt~! ~t a~ro agreed stat~rs,en~; talk a~ui what ii ~s~as th~cprr_v~~nted agreement. 1n what way does the tiis~s~«~ment ~.,ithin yaur croup re#ie~t the actualdivzrsity of interests a~r~ cutta~~es witi7in 4uc socsety?

The standarcls cif yavi ca;~tse requrre pain tff knoS~~ at~ut ttie roles of the nove~ning body ofst5atif.

C)r sl~oulc~ ii be. co pr~~~7~fe end ~n~intaiaz a.cvrtain 1;in~ ot'saeiety ~ p~riz~~~ a dcmc~crapc sa~icry, or 1just tic~ci~ty, ur ;~~t cccannr~iically st~ci-~ssE't~) ti~ic:i~t}~?

'I'Esisc~uesti~~i irltruct~gcraau ati~4r digsinct ~n ~+~~I~icli li:t~ iii i~s~;s lyryrwl►i~lt,likc ~n}~ c~tc;;uri ;~tion,~a~i b~ misleading if ~i~t used t:~ref illy, l~y~u hn~1 to ivakc a sh:~rp clioicr. safe tict~vie~i dcvcl~pi~1~ in,

~~n~lr ~ths ~a~asi4~~s +vlac~~ ~t~ali[~ s~~la i~~s~i.~idual t~~ le~~ a~~~iftilli~~~iifs> ar~c~ ~ivin~; tlt~~~~ sf~r Sk~11rtutid ;~itit~td4s ~vlx~c t~ Ctt thc~i~ tip Erc~_t'~hs in ari im~~~rrsc~~lal.s}~~e~~~, tltstt tlt4r~ would Est ~ t ~~;~I c`3it~~~i4

tx rwern ~i tj~in~ ai tl3t ~~ocl +~f the i~~~lividi~af ~~ad aiti~in~ :~r tii~ gc~uzl caFsaciety: l3t~ t it is n~i ~~rcr scarily

li~w that, tF; fc~'r i~istanc~; }'c~tar ~°it~av ~~t 3 ~t~u<I ,~i~ict}r iS t~iat it is tlas -l~iii~! t,f` 4,~s~irt~~ ~n ~v)ricl~ ~I1~i~a[ivid,~isls fr:~rrr ~tliG e:~4tia~ft~ pis I~~t~ s'iMlttil~~a;; live, arsel tleee~ :~r~ ~yz~ otis~~eie~; iri ihr• w:iy ~~t' ~~g~~rl~

exercising tl~~s~ capacicic~, tlt~.ta tl~erc j~~i~cl be nis ~criitra~ciic~ibn l~~ssv4ca aiitvu~ ;u tl3e ~4~d cal t1rc

inctivi~ual ,,new ~i~nu~~ at tl,rt• ~crs7d of ;uri~~r~~.litE~cr;c~~cn~v~tl~cruthciu~icic;rii~tic~,3n:~~iy;eii3E~d~7~4tt;icy'us4da~int{i~htltid~'atxi~k~~eSit sit~3~.t;i~~i~is

~aco~}l~ skills wl~icf~ rnai>le ~h~ati ts~ ~~i E,r«cEii~tiv~;a~l~~, fc~r cxin~}~ic, is iii s~i:~ny insrances i~f iScn~fit ttt

tlic it~cli~~icivals cur~c~;elyc•~i and to otiicr~ iiz ~c~ci+:ty, ~tlier cases Rna}~ }x n~crr~ <I~f( cult, ~;rrtaiat t}~E~~s ~~f'

Page 45 of 71



~tdl~ P.1 .AENIS 6~ E[7UeA~i[aN ~4~

:~cadctnic I:stz~Evlc~9~~ ~~ii~EaE [uicefit iyidiviclir;~ls ~c~}sci Isati+~ et~;i~ i:can~i~lyd~;e, i~'~ft11y l~eeau3e tl~c~ l~a~s~+~s~tai tui~1 id u~tcr~~tin~, tivitEaoiit h:~~'s~~~ sn~,r 3~~in-~it~f~r ~5tlicr~, ~:ert;~in tv~a~s'c~f i~~~ral 's~iaiizatia~i~ai~,ht ba:~i~ fat a}cEx~rs ,<<hit~ ~Sp ia;sltnc~ (ravi~~~ ~ r~~~:~ati~,~t cf~~:ct kit tl~c. xl~ fi~lfilat~~at cii't1i4 ita~i~=dt~alyc~rtjcert~~c~. f iist~~riral e~~rt~~l4~ t~~'ciu~ cttigt~i uic~luc~c ~~Ur~:ii~~;-clan, t~c~ys ~>eiti~ hrci~~~lit u~x tc~ a~;,41tr~4t1~c_p ~vs~ tis~ ii>i11~~3~ in ci~c it father`s kind ~+t ~ntplc~ti~cnt, ~r ~#v~3s ~x~n~bruu~[it u}~ tc~ G~ a[strays defi~rE~~~ti~6to t1t~ ntals tireit~L~cr. vl`tlycir iattulics. T~~,u ~~~t~~~tc n~iw.v{yiE1c4 c~EDli~itl}' cr~dcsr~r ~utli ~irt~s as t~~cs~~~c4.[iie ti~fiufy l~~cnv ~s~tE.~l ait~tc tc}r ~vtrycir~~:>') E}utp~c~~~efi~~~ ~:in sti(13ir~f~~ ~t~a! a~:eke ~ diiE~`s fLsiL~.Tlsis i~ «ric~r~asc~n i~~>ti~ tc~r iri~kiiig.ii~tr~_~x~+1i~ ii ~nct kor ~~}'~i~~g acsL~ ei~n is epic "i~ici~ica~t c.~~rri~t~ltai~i°(scc tX~tir ~,'2}

JUSTtFYtN+G ~,I1V15

tai }~c~ar ra1~ }~la}~s a~i~i ~is~t~ssi,~~is peu~>,Ic lt:~ti•~ t>ectt tryi~i~ tia c[~Cenct th~+ir c~~~u ci~ric~}~siuFis s~f ~v3~attlac aims cat cdt~catian sl~c~~~1c~ lie; ~~Uh~t sorts at'ar~ nicnt ha}~~ they laccn using

tin ~~,~r:aat}tulii~F~t~~GYItv1~ f:IF~~4tzcc~try~~iplt~aiipltcr;;~ga4tct~;;~yth,sec4r~: si~ia~~ 1~-4 i~tc.~ir~c'~rtt~'cEuuc> die ecri~d'~~ i~f cd~~4iEic~~~, i~',, i€`s~r~cY~nc ain3~~1 ae iiicul~:ttin~ i~ pu}iils.~~rdc~tla~ rcli~ii~t~s+~rm~ra[ !ac lief, ibis ec~ul~ ICE rrjected oar tCie: t ruun~l that in~~~l~:~cin~ uni~nesti+aned bcli~f`s is s nipE~ riot}ia~'t n~c~~ar ~~~rt~c`~r t~~~dztc~tic~n. lr~ E~ct;~it t~~i~lt~.t~csa+~t) it it par`~iaf c,tars<a~t~~pt _c~t'hrr~otiririatt;~~~,_rvGtr~ cf~c t~7iticept ~f'rr~ue~r~i+s[+ ~~nplie~ eli% p~~~taotion c~E`~+~iu~~;~li~y a~~~1 critt~.ti tl►itsk(tr~;.

1~~~rniay agree with.tiris. tt~ Ii,r~iiciCi~r~ ~a ~n argirmrnt, tht~u~i~. is r}t=it itc9ac~ dirt aliots~}:oii to ii~G~ctpan tit it ~i~vrt ~r~auTicl ~4ttip1~ ~~ht~ n~~~rlit ~r~~tc thlt auhat tli y a a~tt tia~~it:is attc! scltt ctl~ tc~ tlt is ttiin~ulcat~ ccrtitu~ tittytacsk niiec~ f~~li~ ~`5, ~licy ats ~}~ ~u5t try~ii5~ ~f y~c~ c3~~~`c crr[t this tctttcc~iinra; it is ~~ltattlary w;uyt }~~o t~ ai►tit as:

la tlic ~n~, at~guan~i~t ~i~out ~duc;~ti~~ta1 ~i~rus i~ i~~~t a~ivste cnnc4~it-s~ or lr~~td pea}GIs itss ~~~~~tiEs. It is11sc~ tint .r rn~~t4r ~ivit r;ias b4 s k~lt~l etn~iri~a!!}~ by s~~rvc}'iris; ~vh i }~cc>~,lt ,~~ci~zil}' t}rink tltr :~itns cifcct~►cat[srn sl~aulcl l~r. Tli~ l~istoi~}; ci£ed~~~ti~~ ~ shasys 3~otiv-nuieli idc~s';~F~aut tlic aiEns t~1è~ueati~~u cast~Itaa~~% tron~ ~~~~ ~c~iaratian tc~ ~~tath~r:{as tle~ ~t~st scetianill~a~trates); if€~rtyiin drams ~htaut~dt~~~tion~Caiti~Sfi ~+V~C€4~~`JC4i'45[44~ ITtl~i, k~l:tt r~Cr~:!.; ~li)t`+~ICti4't}14yriitC ~<'j~tit~4P[ti~itit'~5 ~w[,`+ t~tiU~ic~lti4f`}: ~;1~)(}; [;(iti

1 aBlt~ ~~. ~F►~tt9831UY1 3~St)11C C[~11C3[[i}ll5~ ~iltt31~ Ih f~117C~.tlYli'IY[.X~j~'. Z~I~Gt95SI[)q :Y~7tiR1C 't":i~t145, :ilf t'L~SEC3'

t~15~C1155tOCl.a~?9tlt i~1C.I'i:5~JO1tSI~1~1CIC5 Qf~ili~Ulk ►ItCIt715CCS t}fi SCtCIt.CV C~~11:1t'C~S t) it y'Ullllf; iJICS12~{`[5 U~59C[t [}'

3tx~9 tczw;~rd4 tl~e ncxr ~,cta~ratinrt. lt~ ~c~~z~~ ~va~~ ~rc~l?a1~9}~ ala~c~st ~.~rya~nr 4~~c~erlcl a~~rc~ t1z~t edtsatic~~esliottld k~~ sc~:i~~~ cca 6tti~+cctivc ~li~.c~~taliry c~E li~c ut'ific3ii~e~lu:ls cir of's(~~ sc~eice}r i►t ~;~~».il -ot~i~t~,vis~.wl~}f h~iher alaatit its a b~zt ctier~- is re~c~ni fqr dispute. oc*cr s~rliat is int~arcant iii ~ ~ucsc~ c~uali~j~ csf 19fc.~?c~ tiv~ ctc~ ~msrc Er~r::omt=~n+;'s siRialic}~csf f'r~~ b~~ et~~bliet~ #hbrrr trj c;rn~ ~~;u<>ci ruc~nta, or b~ d~•veks}~iir~;,sav choir scic~ytifie euriasit}' tiir their a}~F~~~4tiaticaty Uf;~rt {even, it'tl~s;sq cic~ oie~t ltetp tlycyt3 to tvc~rk~aroclttetvely~?

Ar~t~~~acns abut t~ic,~i~~a~ ~f c+~4a~~ti~~~, tlt~~~. ~~tay ~raa~~s ~#~~~ti ira tk~c 4~t~! ~a ~uc~ticl~~_a~ ~vl~~tcr~~tt~,'r~ inc~~i iri life, Bt~t i~ ,tf~u fra. to L>~ hc74~t ctit cii,ti~sctivc c:7tit~it~tici~t~ tk~at t~a4t c~ ,itzct ar;l~~~lc.~it ivakr co pm~toting ~vlt:at is i~n}~ortnnt ifi [ifc. If~ve :~~rcc~ fiai inst~ncr, thaC facalth is uti~~orCtnt in~~~~<~r}~:s~iti~ 31its. f}iia cic}c~ lint mutt k1~:tt the pint i>~`t4sc:1~4rs in tc.l;at itai t~ L~e~sitti is th% ~~nac: ass tl~~ ~ait~►cif ciur c~ :Enci 4tcs~ecsrv, k~t1t it nay [k c[~;~e elie~c ire ~nr4ieuEar~kiirc~ yE ~t~►1criEi+,itian that te:~elirrs ~,~rniakerrt ifi~provin~;petaE~le's el~a~tcc~ cit`lia~~n~ a ls~~lt}aylite.~

'I'1i~ ii~clivicln~ll~zsc%;~1;1im~n~icfn ai3e~t~ tic iss~ic. ctit ji~stitic~tic~~t. 19'soi~te aspr~t c~#; e~lu~a~ia~r"isstec~ ~s hcia~ of 1~;,liu~ ~srify~ f~,r {s.~ nrc) i~i<i viciu:~is, clirr~ r~►ay Eac c3uz~sCt~~r~a :~ls~a~~t rvtiy ss>cicty -pt~.~s}~1~ire ge~i~ril - ~Ii~z►~(d su~~cfrt it, if s+~atic asp«t is secir as f,eii7~ ~if~:tlte€ ~jroly [€~r the n~;~j~rrit}' s7f~~~v~1c,hint iio~ ever}~t~nt s thcrr: ~ ~av bck tEue~ti~~ts akx~i~t wlic~eEi~r it sli~ya~ld 1}c empsa~wt~ vn inclii~icliy.its St th<-Y

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34~ CtlRki~UL.tIM ANO ~~~t€Y1°

Page 47 of 71

rlt~ r~t3~ fr~4[y clt~~se its ~atlr c~ue~ti+~us, el~ut~a+ ~, u~~}t n£t~~e stc~~i tri~i~i a sinrtpt`sstie ~i~~it~:ut ~l7inhvice~~

socictya~~d iaidivielual; Fnr a ~uorc sc~~~lsisti~ate~i ~~i«v, scc l~e~~c}~ ~1{)1G};~i~nir ~vrit4rs tn~1u}~ svoulc! ar~t~c; teat ;rimy fc}r ~~ciitr-atixui slio►~fcl he t3cravcc{ t~s};~ic:itlj~ ti•t~►ii a

rc~r~c4~tic~u ~~ftE~t ki~xi cafsuciet~y~ iia tvf~tr~~ }~c~uis~; sar:cr{~le ~~~ili lam' lir•i~ie;, lf"e}~3s is ec~~trc a lit~:~;~1, dcin~ur~~tic.~i~d nxuidstelku~•al sa~i~n; tlacn c~lkicado~i sl~oiild Ge preN,ari~~~ pcupl~ tc~ live iii tli:~t kind tit socict}; and

c~th~r~t~Urs.~,artis~ul~~r:4iiir~avill Iill+awfraa~t [(aa.'I'lje 3 st nvsi src;ti«►ss cii'tliis utsit clis<u~;s~r~ il~e v;~rie~y~ r}f ~iitis f ar rr3uc +tic»i ;}ytd rti:~~~; its rvl irH

aititi~ e~r~ br;jt~3tificcL [a~ cs~,tuec tisrdi~r ~Ist~a~ nv~ as~}etss,~af :tir~5s ~,t`Lcl~~c~cic~rr ~~~c sn~f~s~ ~rott=iclt~rc:ss

~asl 7.1,~i.

l~T is a ~~lat;v~l}~ r~~~v zu3~~eet in the carfifulurn bt~t is muc~r mare irall~ent,ial than jus# a s~bje~t:ICT is canoe v~i3 of a~ ~a~rirsbuting to other sul~j~cts, iii inttcxdueirrg t~e,w ti~rays a( earning andir3AuEa~ci,i~ tlr~ wr y teae~i~rs teach-

Oistuss 31~E place ~,t Ic~T in the 5~lu3at eurrieulum in tetn~s:q~ ptr~~ible a(Pn~, sa4h ai tfk~t~u~i kl, a~a~eir~c a~,i? vaeaticr~iat. Nuw rrai~l~~ ttt4~~ ~iez~~ t~eju3ti(~~t~ tQ l~r~ ~iu~il}, tli~ ~~f~n~i

(at 11~p W'[C1~1 ;SU<~~i}'~ YOU (Tlay Ya9h (!f~!-[~ t~t~a~ 1~E~ F71`PVidt~ (14Y5 ~~~tF~+f15 S'~f 1ii15'Ui?~l.

EQt~A~ AIMS FAR ~V~RYe~N~~

Throu~~f a~iutli oE~l~e luatury eefccl~~cati~~t~, it tvoulcl ha4c,bccn .iii u~sgieestiar~~d ,issu~a~Eatic~3i that tlt~'

aims of`cducat~o~a s1~oi~fcl l~r di#3~rcut t`car c~ f~cr~~it ~x~p1c, I?lato l~ue}t his ~ctncc~tic~n cif :ut ictcal ~tatc{77rc IZe~rirbfir) z~[i clic'sM~`~;tirt3cit~tli~ttlts ~~c,~ilc ire ~'~4~ivc~~ «~~~Elci i~c4~1,~ w►ra~~:l~ rr~c r~ ~IE~~~~u~tr etft~c tti«rx~than a~iyc+~~c ~1u.1'~sin~i(Jr pasi~i~n ttnsak,~~irc►i~ ~~z Viccc7ria~y t3ri~ai~i, ~el►rrt tii~ c.~~~i~siun aC~duca~iu~i~~res ctriu~n i~~_~art l~}~ tizr aia~~ that #Ito mass of tlir ~o~t~lnti~n yE~ui~lct ta~~ ~ul~'icii~ntly~vt=fi 4c~nraticl to

fUt~n a }~rti~d41~'~ir~c wnrkf~nt~s I~tu r►c~t ~a .~~cll cdEE~~tzd dta# they uu};l~t ~`~l~~l ;w~ittst~rl~c (c4iilt~rc~e#1y4due~~ecij r~i6nb ~Iasse~. lip ~k~c i~ilci,nvcntie~lt ce~1i[~~i~y. rvi~fiiFs :~s-ys~eEts s~ lccriii~ L~}~ ~bi1i~; tl~cre ~~~crc~

di#~'e~ctit ~i~z~ L~Itind the cdu~:Rtjan nf~~rcd, in diftcrc~~t tyE~ g nP9clsaols. szec~ntlary mc~cl~rn, icy ltni~~1urrcl ~xìet~n~.u. Als~s, thr~ii~~}~ mucf~ ot'tkae hV~:ntiett~ z•~~ttuc3', zlitle~r~ nc~sin ~fms ~v~rcc~pp~u'4nt b~tt4vc4ir~xayK' ~~dc[ ~;irla' s'~l~Uuls, acid [x:tt~~c~:Er r~li~,icnts f~~unel~puns:~t~cf silyo~la ~~~1~ icle ~yere ~f~ettivcty a~~ctil7

Todav-t3is u~igttesti~~aec1 as5unipFion is utt4n tlier~~ersc..~hat e1~4l~a~ic aims uièdtieatiu~~ a~rr th~~w~►n~; lnr s~cr}~u~~4~ s.=ei~ it~di[~i•r~nt n~itlicict:; have ~~ ~~ usc~ ~~~itf~ rlit~srctft pcn~lc its ~iart~i~is; kli~x;~~~~s ~i~tis, :an<l ~.~vcn it scnua• ~x~,~~l~: ~c~ lur#~aer iii t1~c ~rt~ces~ tai rri ~ciicr~, Ttai as,ur~i)>~4i~it iinderliE~>~i~any ini~~5rtaiik ~irvcl~~pmtitts i~t tlt~ }~ronir~tiirn t~t-cc~iml ~~E~pt~r~unin~s. C7~y~ ~ftlic h,ic rc:~ansEurlx:it~~? co~zccri~<<1 svitl7 iy~tal u}?}~[~rtunat~e~, .5 that i~'Fv~~at y~iu arc ~tin~in~ :~c i4 wv~rth~~~l~il~. r~r~ ~~rzrsl~aufd 6c cxclu~lc~! ~rgni it 1x~atts~ cyi'f~~t<~n, like r~er car ~rir3~r, ~~rkyi~l~ i~tt~ltt tai b~ ireclev~~~t ts~3clai~i~ia~;~l~c,r ~i~~~r~1iv~.~liil~ airiis. ISut.d►i~ 6a~ic;~ssu«~p~i~~~ i~s~iU ►~c~ttvitti~~~~~ i~, proialeii~s..

tat tltu;tr4a ot'spccinl cdrn itirsri~(Ptc~t~siia~n~lslt~datatC~~~lrs, t~rrinst;~a~~r, t1~c~~Cr3riit~ck f'~~nitititt6c:t~.~ltiirli ~v;~ti pct up irs th~~ I:itc 1~37[]s to I~s~al~~ it~tt+ sliu i~cEtic:~Ei~.m ~.,(' ~supila ~,~ith pi~ytii~~:al ;nil t7,ezu.tldiea9~ititi~-s, ar,:urd clta~.tEt~~ii~ticl;►mcnt3l ~iiryi~ rsf ctiu~~~iQn ar~~ ~i1c saa~c fsyr~ zv~ r}~one {f>~S, t~J7t~}.

This ti1.o~ ~~art ut~tlac t3Qinkin~ ~~~hirli lccl in tlis 19~it}s t~ thz iiatt~r.~tio~~ of ~n incrr.i~iea~ ~~r~~~urtidji ~f



UNIT 7.i AlTL15 6~ ~t~llCA~i6N 3~7

~,ii}iils t+ritt'speeial ecfifeittio~f:~l Zeeds {SLN) iu~~ nti:~ieiste~as37 seltc~uls; ~te[cr tE~ t6~ tlicor~E~~;r~~atieart its~~~eiat s~1~~,1s. ~S~c Unit ~.fr~`~rtlic t~arrz~~t }~asit€an.} 5~h~~ts r~~tiirc, fnr ~ l~~nE~l~; t~ t~:..3}x cialtyctjt~i~~p~~ its rt:~~~~d to sr~mc n~~€Is anal tc~ aPpc~i~tt a~!€litic~nal s~:~i~lisrsta#~;'Clii~ r~c~sairc~n6r~t G,~s 161tc~fi~~~cti~~~, }~ruksl~ktis,apot[ Yc~in:xcEcc~uiiEr }~r~~i~es9c~d~c~ti+~ ec3 asl~~oeta~~ c~f~tritRFtl~~ t~ai~~~d tYa~hi~t~; ~G~ft;

tLs re}~ar~1s ~e~~dc r. fc~v pc~pl~~ ~~t~i~ic~ no~v sl~~c tsc drat tEl~ ai~ii afs:ducaci~n tur Niels sl~ci►ild to to}~r~cl~FtL ~i~.~c, ait~l ►stot~~crs wl~iEc: tlyr x~i~n iaf,~ci4~~atio~t {'~:~r 1~~,}~~ st~otElc! l;e ~<s pr~cit~ce l~ccl~wiiuicrs.1~llt~~~ pecr~Jc c~iclty ~e~tic Eiir xi ~~li~-s~~ ~I~n~~9in~ cue ti3r cti.~i~4~i~~c;i~}iir,~; ~e~is~s ~~~ts~r3tn~; tca ~~fi~~e;i~ is t~~~iatEy ~aoi I~~caits~e tlrcy ~~znsk cb~re arz se~:~ra~c .~i~Y3~ E'oe t6L ec{u~~tic?~~ 4Cl~o}'~ ;~ncE ~i ~ rl~, lout~e~aps~ tlaev rceo~~~i~e eh~t ~ivin~ l~c>}~~s a~td ~irl~ a~z rqu;al o}~part~z~axty to :1~fai~ve tlznss air~~~ rcq~iirc~cr~t~t~+~a~ t+s pra4tie;~! t' y~sciitic~tis. ~s ~d dais rt~~~)~ ~n: {c~ si ciikli~r •t~cc tc`~ t1i~ ci~~ r~is tltc>tigir t~c~t tc~ t1j~; ~:t~ct .

Sc~, fur iustaticc; tlt~ tcaclsii~~ cif tai}Rs ~i~d girls yiia}~ be me r~; et~~e~`st~c iC the}t arcs t:~u} he witlicju~ tlic.distr.~etir~tts ~~r prc~sures prrscni iti mis~ci~~t x~rc~ups {tivltcih€r this ac ~t~ally is ~i is ~ naatttr tur res~.grcli}.~tier~ sc,, ~~~tr~~ n~i~;E~t ~r~i~~ ~1i,jt ;~ dc~rc~ c3T'di#~~rctiiciati~st~ ~~ ;Marrs i~ nc~de~i ~icrl~:~p~; tt,r i~js~tyice,.tl~~ri skiczu3cl k,~° :~~~ attempt w cEevcls~p ass~rtiv~►t~s~ iri ~nrl~,and sensitivit}~ ire l~y~.,5ee ~E1it ~.~# tsarfùrtl~crdisccu,~ioit i~t gv~~cicr issii~4,

'Cur~j n~ ccks~ifl4r~•~2t a:i~ItLral, scit~~«E~s sir ttl~i~i~ grc~~~p~, is Es n«t s~r~r~s~t~~ i1'~vi~c:rt~n~~►i~~:4~~?~~tclsc tiaisie :~ir~y+ t~ ire ~xtm~~icct fa~s~ all ~,r,:u~ys; ai~ycliirro~; clsc 4 ~t~uls~ sec ~}x r;ri~~atZF di:~cri~uitiacc~r~F I~~t 3tdic ~a~itz ti~T~~- tli~ n~4iub~:rs cif particulae ~rbu}~s ma~~ 1r.3vL sp ~i~t aini~ thcv~ua~uld like tc~ set Entr~iitctfor tl~~ir cnvrt ~~tils~r~t~. -E'c~ ss»~ie ~`cli~~c~ta~ b~li4v~i~ ii x~~~iv ~~~ rni~r~ ia~tpa~rtt~~~ t~a;st tlt~ir ~k~i~~lr~a~ etcL~r~u};}ii i~}~ t~~ithin the i tit]i e~f tit~ir co~i~rgli~r~ity tliar~ tlz~t ~h~y :~retsrtn~~}tt ts~~ as riti~~~~ atà~sr:~eilarsc►ciety such iiiFf'ercitcas'lic b~ lairit~3 tl~~ d~n~and5 tli:~t se~site reGgi~ta:s ~rc~ups ~ijake tier separ;~te scl~a~l~.

"1`l~€s~ cL~tett~~l+~s il[►istr~t~ spa i~ the }mint n~acr~ cirli~irE tal c ~~ltile ~t tri►~ 1uvcl rttatc.m~nt~ i~t` tli~'.ti~~t;~ nf'~dt~e,~ti~5a~ salt a~pea~' ri~ly~r ~~L~~ittiulincait~~"s~1td blzei~. ~h~~e~ is the pc~tcritiaE tsir cpi~rrc~CPcr }~avlien aini~ :ire ~~~tsidsfcd in ru~tc~ dcc~il end die sttcnipc is in3ci~ t~ sou 1iu~v tl~c j~prsi~it ~f c~re~inaimsEa a ~c>intF~t~ia~ntc~! its ~*ra~tic~.

AINI~ 1(~ THE N~!'TI~iN~;t CU~RI~UI~UM

Yeti zitay !~ ~v~rkin~; ~vitltirr slit Lt~s~~teai~its af3ci I'~C:, ~~ich ~~ tl~st fair ~~a~l~ttd (CJf~Er`C~~l4. }~1~J9a)~[~o«• rriucl~ s~a~ dots Ehis 13avc you aric! your rc~ilta~;u~s iii ds~ciiiint; op yn~Gr aims?

A ~irsi sta~c in a~~x'~v~ri~~~:, etri+ is tE~:~c ~cr~► slzat~li~ be :g~,~vaa~4 csf ~.~ka:~t chc ci~~sttntrttr.~tt c~ri crE yc~~ir Nth.:~~ciial[y s:~}'~ ~l~ciu~ :tint». Whc~i s[~c NC; dpr Eif~laii~i;~t~c~ 1~+4~ics vas [irs~ brc~tr~;h_t ija, iii l+)f~H, iii exj~li~ ix~nn~ ~vcrc limits d to r~~c F~l~ocvi~f~. ~~ promcstfi t is spiritual, ntof:~t! c~xCteir~E, ix~cn~aE at~d Esl~ysic:~lci~~v~ls~}rmc~it ~~E' ~~i~iEs . c t}~~ s~hc~~.'sl ~~Et~t cjf~ sr~cì+:lt}~; t~ ~r~:~1re pupils E'ur tk~c ~~~~t~rttuiitics,rrspoE7siE~iEitics atsd exp~ricEx~c~~f ~dul~ iifc'~

As i ~t:~tci~tcnt ~[ aiinih this tivas nok ver ~ cc~nt~~vetei3C ~br•ith flit pa~sil>le ~xavpti+~~7 ol`tl~e id~~ Qfs~ZEri~~~~i1 ci~v~~n~~~~~~rst};1 c~a pn,~i~~~ ~ ~t•as tlt.at i~ ~~: ,~,~~ t~rt~;ar~ an~4 ~*e€icra! that Rt ~.~v~ ~~ry liter ~c~id~~a~~:t~etcl its ~~ct dter~ ts~~s ~,tc~ ieuiic.~ti~7~ ~~ieltiEi cl~~ t4st of tl9i c~ri~i~i~J daCt~~~~~~~Le~i~~ ~1 t}ac N~ 1'u~'Eti~l~nd ;end ~~(lat~~ cl~;ic its t~5i~tent ltad l~e'cri iutlticiticec[ at all h~~ fife statem of i7faitns. Tir~t s~at£~ti~,~tsc~~nrct! ti; hc~ :~~x t~~:~r~ gEt~ ~}L~,~~i trrc~r ~(iich is i~ ~•:t~y t ~~ 4*i~v~~~mri~e afirn~it•t,:~nc~ 31st 34fiiuils, tts slapi~zc~r tictr~~~~; ~~ut .~ ,~aG~~ew~i3t cwf';~titrx titfi~i~l tcsc~ks ~~>c~~l, .Hiit,~ulti~l ~i~a~cs rtci'~}~~~r~r~k ciiftcec~i~c tci~t-1~.0 sceu.,lly t7ap~:c~ir~;.

(.~urin~; zt~c iit+~ @~!')[~s. ti~h~~1 tEa+~ NC>' ~va~ h~n'~ r~d~i,~v~d, tl~~,i~u,-~Ei~icati~~s~aic1 ~i~uici~lu~attutlrc,r;cy~ ((~c ~;1~ c3~~ rcleci ct~ ~:~y c~pliciks~~t~reticf~y Dui ~i~n~. ~'liis rest~lc~ci i~~ a ~n~ch c~~;~nd~cl ~t~~~~:~t~cr~t.~f ain~s;~s~e [J~~ic 7, rj. WtS~~ dU~st}iis ;~tat~tt~~ii~ cay:ih~ut'ainin?

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348 ~tlFtl~I~Uf,UM ANb ~dCl~`Y

First, tlsc s[.ite;itient.Ycla~c~~ulecl~es that aitr~s ~cst iii ~tiltics, atr~l rcEcrs tu:t i~un~triY irf ~:ilttGs ~s~tiicla

are- t3};et3 to ~i~ ~la~re~ across ~t~r soc-le.t}: It al:;~ ~ef:na~vtctitc~ ttrat in r~tlu~n~in~ ~nct rcticctiirg tEie;~v~l~a~s sclz~x~ls n~~d tcs ~r~c~r~ rvitli c~tl~~r ~~rts t~i'Sc~ci~ty.

S~ccartd, tics ~`~r as tltc sGlat~~71 ct~rrietilt~tn cif i:u~l~~~c{ is c`~necri7~d, «v~ aims:ire set aut;tt~d rt~i~rcparticular sr:~teitienr~ (cal~jc~ti~~es) ;tre m;~dc r~l~ct~c hcaw t)~~ cnrrieulnm can ~romut~ th~st liras•. Astititt~~ary cif: tlt~~c ii~n i ~*i~~c~~ I~el~iti~; tltc. full st~t~t~~~st pan ~~: ~~u~~k ire L?~L'{QC~A, 19s3~3:~: I 1-i'?.

Aim 1, Thy sch~~al eurr~icul+am should aim ter prc~vid~ apportanities for allpupils to I~~rn .and achiQv~

Tlicaisrri~ul~tr~ sliou~c{;

~rec~,tsut4 ~~ti~iEs' ccsl~ti~iic~ri~iit tt~ leari~i~i~ :~t~ct ~t~trfidet~c;~ iii fhrir r~Natiues tt} Flu sc~ ~ ry~ii~tlir►~~ ~vitlt I~~sic skills;c~ilti~;~tc cap~~it~~ to ~t~lYc problc~ns, tltira~: rationally, ~riticall}' anal rrcativclp -lie€p ~tipifs ttrlx~e.7x~i~ trra~i~~4, ili+~c~v,i~ c~~p ~ntsh?risiu~; :~it~l c:~~,.~tsl~ c~1'ls;t~4rsliip - a~it4lctp ~alr}F.i+~;al shill.grid sec ci~~ impaFtan~c Ufa hr~ltlav (ifcsrytr-;

cir~~~l+~p }~i~~ils' ~c~~bc zyf i~lcnt_it}~ tlir~~~~;1~ tmdcr~tandin}; ~~i~ ~ult~aral t~critigc and nf` I~~ca!,r~~tic~~~al, ~ut't~~frcti~ ,et~ci ia~cr~iitic>iia[ ciit~x~t~sic>ays - apprc~i:it~ ti►tniait as~iratiut~s atadae~hicvetnent in a~sthitic, s~imitific god ~tlie~ fields.

Airn 2: The school ~urriculs~m should cirri to prc+mote pupils' spiri~u~l moral,social ~n+~ cultural develo~m~nt and prQpare ~iNl ~upil~ for the~pprrtunities, responsih~ilit~es and experiences of lif$

T`h~ curriculaa~n ~haur€t:

~ ~as~ ~»tc~iduritr}~ sc~~i~l y~~luc+, ptc~~uc~ir ~u}~i]~' i»~c~~it}' .uit3 aurc~nczel~~~ ~ lt~;f~~ ~ficn~ (~t~c~nie

fari~~~ ~id2z~►i3 in ~,~1►sr u~ci~~ty m}iilp tlirn~ cliallen~~ zlis~~~imittaiiait-~ ~rom~tt~ ~~ieilu3l, ~nr~r~l,s~~ti;~l :~ncl cta (tt~r~l ~Icvclo~ni~rit-clvcl~~ knc7~y~ic<!~~ c~k~c~i ~~'e~sr~t b~fieis aracl e►~lti~rrs - ~Txr~~~~t4r4~~sc~:t ft~r ~:nvh~c~r~rue~tt ~rrzl ~o»~~ta~~ttr t~ tip c~ ~ust:ri t~;~l~lc ~14~~c'~4p~~~ent ~t lur~l t1~~inM~li to ~;tc~t~:~lll`F'C~3'4

• prc~rnsytcp►}~+ils'self'~~tctmancl~niatica€~;itwxli=hrin~-h~l~thcmfcnl sacis'fyin};relati~,nsi~i}~+

-cici~c~ri~i ~tyc:ir,~l~il~4y t~ Wc7r}: fi r tl~~ c~~rrrttl~~4t ~t~cxt-[~~I~~ t(srty~ e4~,pics«sl }x,.itiv~ly to ~fr;~pct ks

anti t~ ch~n~~ and ac[versiry,• ~r~par~ ~u~~ils ter tl~~ nc~t steps iat Ic~rnin~ anal e ~alpla}mi~nt ~ 1-c~~aip tlic~ri to make informed

c(Xuit'4:v tl3r;una(I a11c1 W~ti[t, 2t►t)()~a: 111-12).

t1s ~ state-.n~e~~i oFain~s, it could lu said cti~t this 1~as "s~nieKl~i~i~ ft7r ~veryt~itc'. T1ier~ is pr«babl}~ iz~it.

iustclt th+:r~: tljat .~3tynnc ccei~lcf tlis;cnt f'r€}rii. At the tani~ time thcr ~ arc• ic~~ ~r ~vlti~h SKr ~~~ t~ icti113I41'~SP~~.~~It)31i 1R1t~ t~lCl'l` IS SCi)~4 fi'lI' ~)~~:17iCill~ Ul1C ;71l11;iK~T:i1[9fit ~pC)[~iC~` !!1 J~~ }i7Ytti il~~l~;t}~5•

r'~s ~ t~:rcl~cr in schools ir3 England {~r afsc~ ~l~~tvh~.re, ~v~i7 i[ ilit ~3nti le~;i~litio~~ ticx~ uat apply kgyeti}, }'c~u ~~~~Id cc3E~~icl~r this st~tcat~ci~t oE'~ Ei~~ as ~~ rt~s~tarc~ ynt~ earn dr~~t~ o~~.:`t'hc: ti4~t tu►it 4taE,~csEs~~~~+a iii ~viiicl~ v~au n~ ,lit ct~r rEris its r~f~ticit~ tai ~~~iri• o v►t ct~iritt~l~~rr~ ~uk~jcct.

5~~ is [liib 1 sttccn~c;t~c c~fai~~s dine asniatl}~ t~ti~l:~s a c~iticrcnce ire s lt~~ls? At East i4~~ Kati say th:~t

t1~cr~ is c-nukt};h dctril tl~crt. t~ rnakc. it ~rossiE,l~ cu ask wl~cth~ r a u.licx~l i~ a~R~iall}r ~~~orkin~ iat a l~.:ay~ tl~:~t

Page 49 of 71



UN1~7:i At~S 6~ ~~1U~A~3tfN 34g

}s~lps t~ ~reUets~ee ttr~se .~in~~. 15 eian~j~ls atte€ieEou be~y~ ~~i~is far itjstai~ce, t~ cI'sE~~rnt t~~~ic;fs 3~~ci

~~rltnrc~s, +~e t~s tl~c ~nvfraam~~at~ or t~~ the ecgt~ir~r~e~it~ of citizcfrsltiip, ar tt~ cl~~~clo~i~2~ pttpEls se3E-

~sa~~.iuifs t}~c 4F~d leis fi3ry~3t~:~~~d «[13~:r a~'aclters tr, c~eccrtj~isic lit~ct~ ~~ia~ 1~ cliffc~°once this t,~tem~~it c~t`:~i~~~

p~akca, I3uttlit ncst ~nva ►~nies iit this il~~p[~ r, cyn tl~r ~~trricu(uiu i~~ ~caer:~l,;ind apt the NC iii p~rticalar,€Ycs puts :~ ~a~i~ co I~~~i~y ~ftin~i~t~.tb+~i►t i~u+x tar tl~~ curri~ulutta yott tetc ~v~r~in~ ~~,~it[S i~. likely t~

~~~sntctt4 sctrl~ ~ic~3 a~ fl~e~~.

1rY~rktr g ~~~hPr irt~rr) kFt~ ~~~i~attarp ylv~c~, ear ~~~i~r~t~ly tr9rri tt~~ {tdl ~t~~~a~9~~1t 9(+r~1~~~ ~rtd~im~ fmt 11i~ hd~ o€ ~~~9ar~d fa#~~QCAF t9~9~; or 1fa~ N~ ~.v~6~ite ~4fi,n~.a~k.n~t>~ Gor~s~t~erthe €allC~wing ppints-

pa ill En~se ~3rrt~ seem #o ynu #r~ fst t«~~~tier srit~ a ~ahec~n# idea of wn~t ~ducatipn isabOtei?Is #h~r~ is arilthing in this ~t~t~~rt~aii Uf ~ii'sos wfiiCh you ti~t9uid n4~ h~v~ e t~el t~ setEh~rg? is th~r~ arsy3hing wf~G~h'is I kQty t~ {~r+~~+e conkresverszal715 thr_rg ~nytf~in~ ~~u kh nkshould tie tt~~n~ ~ne~ which is nat meta ~ned2

O~st~3~ yc~ua r~~~cxt~s wiktr oth~t st~s~r~6 t~~ttn~ts, or with ytacir Ee~trar. U;~ the fini~angs frtrntyour ~li~t~ssion ~a check the stanrd~ for y~aur ~9~rse.

S U M NItIRY

In u~carkfn~; ~s a tcachzr yi~u ~ic:cssarii}' ~r~~-e sortie lfms. and tl~~sc~ arc a~~om li~~~ly t~ k~c ecrh~rcnt.Sricl c(ricr~sibl~ if 3~nt~ 11~~~i tf~ai~~fit tlicrn tlyrc>u}[is. At tl~~• ,r~t'~c tii~ic. ~~E~~t i~rc «E~ck~ti~~~~et~11~~ tl~~~c~u~rs< <5f aii~u s~~ by u~lticf . ,~i~7~s ran disc .it diilrrcou ir~~cls. 1oc.iE or nae~c~biilis'In I#ritai~~, in

rcec~iE }'rnrs, el~c ciataiiim~t t~ndrney lzus L7rcir towards a i.onan~t~~3 eu~t~cl3tii,n art ~irrt~ ~nr'cv~ry~oric,at1c1 ~vose a'ccctitly ifl ~:ni;Iartcl a l?rea;~d sct c~f':tit3ts l~ati L~:cn irk~or~~a~ra[td into tf~c tics~~Z[~t4~st, tztu~tFrC.the NL:. [rut tl~i still le;rve, roui~i tine ~vt~ t.~ f~ir~~ti }~~~tirutv~~ vic~v:~s to [hu ~r~as~'t~ii~>~+rf ins pj~ic~ei4ies

tar cdiacttion, vu3 C« discuss with ~tE~c~;s (ii~~v ~hrsc ai~i~s can Ixse he r~a{izcd.

Et isahti~;tys ~tuwsi[~fu t~~ r.~i.~t t~us~tior~~;ib~~utth~~.Ettr[i#ic'~~t?san ~~f'~~clii~,~ti~~nal aims. 111tian.4t~ly c_~ur~1~ns C~~r ectrte~i~ic~n rest ~i< <~ur ~~:~Itics - t~iir e«E~ccE~tiu~ts uE tia~k~at Enakcs for a ~{god life Ix~tl~ kar

indi~~idit~ly :wd f<sr our ~~~cirn~ aw :1 ~vhnl~, I3~~catts~ w~~ c!o nut sliari~ :i[i ~~i Deer l.ii~~rs ~vitli raeh

r~tlkcr, tlacr~ ~vi1l ;el.,>~t~, lie rc~t,n~ tier c~c~,atc. 2hnt~t ~13c ,ai~,~s e,F`scl~sc~ti«~~<Yost siitst~[d cr~>ss-el~eck iliis unit ~e•itlt tl~e tit:~tiz[;i~~ds of y+~tir ci}trrsr, }s.~rti~iiL~rly secriva~s d~:~lttf~

~~~ith 4~idcr prutissi~>~~a~ rc~~turE-n~cnis.

~l.l~t~`HE~t F~~~1L~IIVG

r~Idricl~, it,~u<l~~+l~~t~;~~j. (I~~~) ~I7r~~~~~r~tfatr~~! ~;urrir„fa~~r~ lx~nv~e~ ~~i~P: I~retC:~ nr~~t rlr~.~lin+.~~,f f=~turaiiear,l~arid+~sz: ii~sdtut~ 4I ~iucatt~i~. tin 3r~~r~ienzli~r l~asin~ clip ~L~~r~~ulmn t~Fy ~~i c~licic ec~nsi~lcr~ti~,n

o~airns; and fcrr d~rivin~ tl~cs~ a~ita frcant z1~m~rr~tir.~alu4s,

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350 t~lf2fil~Ul,Utv1 AfVD SC)CI~~'Y

Fiaec~r~, dWi: ~~ ~3t")~ Tlrc ~I~f4irjli~p e~jfhr 5tlrkrl, Lr~ncltx~: t_:~s$r;11: t1 a~.~icle-~:ui~i~~~; clisruss9c~u r~(~vs~it to;ury tcaeher tl~inl:~n~ about ai~tas. C;f~a~tce 1 give yip ~n ~x~-rti,~ t~ Itch} }~ott el:tssify ~~+~ur o4t*r~bcfi~fs ahc~ut ~cCuc-tfian intt~ any c>f kc~ar ~at~~c~ri+~5: tits ctakt4r,11 tr:tn;:~xiiss ~T~ mvcle-I, tli~: ~laild~ccf~~rc~~ Er~~~~3~1, ~hc scx iaE rcicfi~st~t~cii«ri ~2i~~cicl..a~~~1 ~Ite'(,i~llt ~~rtsss o;rtic~~yal peucluct) c~xic'.

Dc~vt},J, (1~1C8) I~eiuc~cr~tc~~arrfl E~Itrrtrliu~a, Nc~~~York: Prcc Pr~s~. A~1~.~aie iw4k (oficn rcprint~d) u~[iichis still tiv~.i! ~4~rt1~ rcitcti~~~;. Tl~+~t~~i~ 1)~w~Y is ~~t~at tfi~~t~;l~t r.51'sitit~sly~ ~~s a» stclvt~t~;tk~ +~f`cltifd-c~er,twctl ~ ctrte~tic~tr, t~is ~ttzic:~~ic~u~[ tlrc~~ i~ parf oFa ~~~e~ll tiv~~kecl cut clieUrt~ ~f tl~e rtl3iiu» l~~ri~~~inindi~~idual mici sa~icty a~td «f dic naturE of knowlcdbc ~n~t iEiou~{it. Sec e~}~cci;~I1g C~h~iEatcrs 1 to ~},

Page 51 of 71

Wri~~~~, ~~ (I ~t3f3) i7urfe~r~rcFrt~lir~~? L~t~ite~rtia~c~l =~li~rrx2 L~ddc~~i. Ur►~~=i~~ F-1yi~iar~. /iu ifluc~duc~pr3~ text Gy a~hiios~uplii r o~rr~ur~tioii, rrviec4 ing a varicty~ af'p~sitic~iis about aims in c~ueati~n cc}nccrricti wit1~:(i} tltc cic:v~;la~ma:nt t~t'yt~aGti+~s:~rxd ca}a;i~iti4s in tl~~ ntdividt~al Isar tli~ irtzl v ~ii~;~l"s c~evr~ ~c~c~cl; (ii)~vliar is buz,d f'wc~nr the ~+Giu[ ~fvi4wv ufsoei~~y~y {iii) tf~~ ~iirsi~it ~ifai~ti~a secs ~.c intrinsi4 to ~cluc~tii~~an~~~1 ~;11i~al~lc iR~ t[tcir c~u~n ~i~ht,

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~r~h~m H~ydc~n

•. t '. f

'T6io currizuluin is ~~i i~fi~~rt tai }part ofdic co3~tcxt tvi~liin ~1~liici~ yr~u ~~~orE: a~ a t~achrl•. Tlic }~13►~ntc[car ft~r~t~~l ~trn~i~~iMi~nt ~s [►a~ it~te~'rc~ct! carat~iEt x~~an €~u~ati~~ta1 pm~r~n~ntr sit at~~ iri a~tv~~~c+~a WrY4Ssr ~,7[~7' Rt3 CEIt.` IlSfi>~t71.i~ 1tY(j ~i7S~t{~ti t'k~Cl'1L'11~17t~1. ~i}~4' CiG~ll`P :tSs]C'C~ 4)f~~17(' C'.[)fYGE.Ct G}~)'LltYf'tVC3C~: ~t~9t;

3C~1C3tJ~ ~till~dlflf,~',S, Sti}'~ t1P k~3C:idt711flISPPs7Clt~~+t)F,~;dt7121[IC5I7 tyf i~14 SC~tcltl~~i C{IC fil['PICil~titll ~UPFIi~ 31 ~~PIlItIC'

tc~ ti~l~~t yc~u arc e1r>in~; rveri vvV~~i~ yc~i~ arc nit cr~liritly thi~ik n~ a6cfatt it, Licit c~~t~ n ya~i find that yt~~t~~c~ r~ ~~r ~c~ c}~~ ca~rriG~11►«~i, it► yr3~u«~cr}fct,a}' c c~r~vi:r+;~i~~trti itiri~l~ ~~71(~;~~nies~ a~~d lc~,c tr~c~t+~~y~l}t ~~;ritit~~tin tnectir7 c~~iclt p:~re~ii-s nt~ ita taF}1ng t~ ~~rpils in ~j }~:lstoe~sl ce~l~.

tt [night acetn that tEx: ~ueracezlirm ~s ~~ c(~arly pert ~f t(~~ t_cr3t~~t ~f~y~ur tivQrk chat it ~m~~c bytila4 cs~ts .what t(a~ curric•~tl~u~i is. Cr3 ~vk~ ~l~ c::t:;c, ~vh}~ c9c~rs a Ix~c~i~ i~E this r~ata~r~: e~ccd a unit ors tt~ccur~ric U(u~t~ (%» i'aee h~r~ ~~gits, sir~~c tltc nexe u~~~t is s~~s ifcal(g ak~c~ue el~~ Nscjcaual C:urri~ti9u~i~ (NCBin E~~~l~incl, U«t act the next }?~ragraplz}.

"3'}t4 pt~r~s~ cal a~~i~. ~tt~it is x~~ ~Ii~4>v }'~~~ ~ka~t~ ante p'~}4~ tfairtC: ~[~o~►t ic, it is' ►sae ~o c~l~+ticrt~:: tvl~~t ~ht~ct~rricirt~~n1 i~, arsci ~t~~c i~ is nat ~c~~t~~kliiisp }'~'i~ ~@zc~~~lcl, ~s :t t~~~l~~~, c,~~e fc~r ~*~-arit~il. It~tE~~~ tt»rFrt~l~~u~~ a3t implicit as~untipttrijs ala+~~~t ~t~c. e~eric~Eum, }~~~~ sisotElc! 6e ab~~;a►id svillia~g, ~s part ofy~iarprnfcssE~rn~l rt,fe, tc~ tt~in~: al~4~ut tl~c currict~ln~~3, ah4~ut its ~,Ic in ~dusatic~~~ ;~~~d shout ~vnys n~ i+d~icl~it is ccat~tr~versiai st►~cl ttji~;l~t [x ~u~ti to cls~ll~ti~4. Itm ~i~it►~; tt►is, ycjt~ tivi]E, of ~u~i~:;~, tse~c~ ea kc4~ i~~~tibtd tlic rcl~vant 1c~islativn and ~ovtrnm~ut duciei~itntatiorz t`~r t~tc ecattntr}~ ti~~itliin wlucli you :arcsvcsr~: a ~. TI~~ 1~I85 N~teiuna~ Cttrrirul~~rn iv~4s fvr ~it~l~nc3 ~rtci Walls, bt~t tE1e ]~j9~1 Ic~~i~i~+tiuri mashLltatt~~s ~}~~ifi~:.~lEy f'c~r ~or(,ttod: sc~ Uatiit ~.~ ftrr det:lits.'I'!a~ Wr;lsl~ IVaticj~~l C:tirrict~tuii~ is a€lapt~clf'rgm tii.~c iu Ei~~lsn~1 ~~1~.~r~C, 2l}UO~, Seatl~n€[ ar~d [*~6c~rsl~~rn Irela~~c~ have tE~«ir Qw~ti cEirr3cula~

aiEia laa- r~~~~ar{~s a~j~lic~3 tc+ t~~c topic caf aims, cliscsissc~ ira t1i~ Pr4~~i~t4s ianit.'~'he ~tr:~ee~;) ~t this~1tt# #s tia (~I44:~lti3 ~{74 411Y1.'t4 R1~~UY1 :}~ Uh4: +i~ [~14 ftl.()~41Yi1~7c}t'~:i!)f xt~~?[4i ~~itt~Fl}~~1 ".1~h[4~1 4Yilic l~l~iti;{9 :lttti5

L3fl~l~ [~31[2~CE. ~Llt iYC 3~131~ I1Ct~ liID3i 1~ iSC C~C3i'~C $~?QEIF SVjk;1t talc` C~PEll °t~l~. CA7€17CU~lllila PC~~P~ t~,

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X53 ~Ct1Ft~1~ULUt~1 AND ~st7~t~TY

tJgIECTi11~~

At tie ~rr~ of this unit you ssio:~ld €~e able to:

disl~r~~ru's~~ a n~u,~bcr of diltereni concept+oi~s of the cu=ritulun~;dscus; ways ~r ~~^.hi~Fr the r~~rrir~i~;rrn may o; m.y ant help to realize e«ucati~nal air~~s

+ see ~vhy the r_onient+~f the currieulurri, e:~en if oiter~ ta~en far granted, i; potentiatl, r_~^.ntrc~~lercial;• discuss t]u• p!acn vi your p-articullr iea.hin~ sibject ti~uti~fn the bro :der currr~~fuin,

'fHE ~t1RRI~ULIJM I(~ ~~N~RAL t~ftl[7 Vtl1TF11~1 PARTI~t1L;AFt S11~J~~TS

Page 53 of 71

It ii~l~;~ tc~;~vc~ic~ cc~nu~ibi~ iie tl~c res~~('c~ii~ unit'(ancE 1iuE,cti~ily ia.~~c~ur tlii~kin~ m~rs,~;ti~crall;~%)~it.wr c3istt`n~,nisl~ l~~nv~~crt tlic ct~rnetrl,ti~n ut~~i schu«l (eft~cvca~ of ti~-I~uuls iit ~;zt~zr tip end tf~~cia'rric`t~lus~~+.v{tlii~►;~ ~Zurticular~~iLj~ct. Wc'rah u~tNn marF: this d~~tin~dnrs liy s}~e~kan}; ut'cfie s~~llxl~i~s", ~adier ~i~~~teun~iciiluin} of a Pirtictilar suta,~rrt, h~ the ~~KZ~~ tlic ~r.~orcls art actually uscci in }}rc~fcss n~ al discourseir3c~ t~7ti+~~- tl4b.~tc t1~4 distif)cciisrt i~ nub clear-t:iit, Th4 te,~~ ',y~ic~~its4` t~sir.~11D* r+.:t -r5 tip a s~~ci~ii`~~rc~c;~i~~~i~tc i~t :~ ~pcciiic sol~,joct set oac ui ~lciail iii ~~~~a~ic~, pr,~5il,ly ~~tiigii~c~ hyr:~ ~,~e~ic~l~r ~~i~;h~w,but attire luicl c1c~4~m ~~y:~n cxamiiratiun t~.>a~d ar othrr hocl}~ c~rcniul w ~fac ~.Iiuc~L Liut pcu}~io ~lu:tlaxE~c,ok iiE ~a~; 'tltc ~cier~cc ttarric'~tEtsrar' c>r tlac,~rt~s ~ trrrici~i n n ~', "~J i ~ c w t~7 t y ~.~:~i~t ~tv fc>cxas <~~t ~ p;ttt ~~t kl~ccEtr~'i~tt[tualt~~*~~~4•r_~E, t1~Utt~;E~ ~iii'tttc.4cssc~eily~~~.ti~~ 1~•vcl ~~(~E~r ~lcr2il~~j;~s}r4~ifj~ 3yE1~0tt~:

7'he'docw~tcnK-~~i~~ cif the NC; for Gnglan~i (C7FEF~C~C:tL 1'i~7ya) wl3iclt is tii~ io~us for clae: nestunit. ~1~ ~ hart rnal;~ it 4as}~ tc3 {;e~a~ an}' sl~a~p c~i~tinct can in t4~r~nsn~>it ~~; sink in that d+~cut~~ntati~~+n~c}rtic~ I,~c~~'! <>f ci4tail c}tÌ'rti~~;itn~trca~ tyfSc~rd}~ ~tsd ~-~F~;4i, #i~r dart ici~1;{e ;,ul~jcct~ Isar ~I~+~~ys b4c ~~ tit .tipp;~rt +~Ct1ir English NC,

Fir it~~te3t thfc su~1t r~~~t~La; tt~s Cc~~u~ is {gat t4ir liir~a~ cu~ai4.ultin~.~C~nrw~i~~5s ~r~ r~ s~t~ ~L~fi~sl~~eul~ ut ~~rtieatlar 5ub~jcc~ts~~+nthir~ tii~~ eur~it•~~liir~ in ~c~~4r,il, ~t~+~re t1iail;~bz~ut ~h.tc ~;cxs osi ~~+i1l~itr:th~~caclu~t~ ~i'}~artiettlar ~ulajccts; I~ut u~c sliallliau~ t~ ~a}~ ~~ni~~l~ii~g ~E~c~izt the Easier ~iaint :u ~v~11, Ue~aiiset#tr nc~lc'~fa s~~lajcctv~ithin thr ti~nìct~lum Rartl}~ cl~}~~nc1~ e~~t vrlmt is d~~ic svftt~in th~t.uk~jsct. (So i~r,t11e t~rr~~ ~Gt~~ ~vrlii~l~ curri~ixiurt~' }rax ~cy:ia ;~~~r~icic~l ls~c~tua~ rlaat [~>c~ ra~~}~ c~r~ ~+~rr~~ ~unl~i~~nt~;)

~Tt~is task i~ d~iiberately 9~arall~) trs Task 7,1. t an wins in Unit 7.1.} ~yhe~ yap have carried os~ttk~is bask 6y ypiarseif, try to c~,m{aa~e Y4~ac ffndings with iY~ose af4th~r student teaeher~,

Tli~ tev~i schools fc~r ca~np~ri5~~ ~r~:

The sch~a9 ire which ~u ~et~ ved ya~r cst~ln secrsndary erlucatia~r {or,the ma~rrty of it, i#y!ou et,~ng~~tf s~hflgls},

+ Your current sc~iacf e~i~er ence schac~,

From memory, vdrite ttativn Qn anc side iii paper ti~Jhat yeas is ih~ eurti€u(vm saf the school y~auattended aS ~ p~pif. Then (withQc~t ref~rteng to doeurrte~ttation at ah~s staa~7 write dp~rn tiv#iat isin the ce~rr3culunr of your ~eht~l ~~ip~ti~~uesclaoal, ~aripaie ~17e h~ ac~4unts~



~r~,i~ ~,z: ~H~ ~c~~a~ cti~~tcU~.~n~ ~~~

TI-tE ~~7RM,4L G1l~RRI~~LtJM

l`hcru r~~trtcl l~c,cor~si~crablr. vari4t~~ i~t what ycau and c}ttacr ~ti~c{e~it tGu~lz~rs l~av~ ~~~~ict~a~, ~~c7t~sc tk3~.te~~i~ c:t~rric=~~lt~tn' c~~f lx t~a~~_irr vnYinu~s tiw~a~'~: t~iie 9t is'likrly th~i6 4ti~l~at yc~u l~;~ve ~~~ittc n d«r~tn, firIaQtk~ ~~fi~nts ion .ttic c+~mpariscit, i~ 3 Eisc s~~~ubj~et~. ~I~at tlii~ illustrates is that ~P}iexi gccapic reE~cc t~'tEtr. ~ t~rri~:i~lian~ wiehis~tt c~~~Ii~it:~tig~~, mist oftcu ~I~c~ tGank ~t what ~~~c~ c~u u~K fully Mahe[ tl~s ~~r~n~ie~trri4z~lirrs~': ~'lii4 is the ~r~~c~s~icr3 ~c~ei[~~~e ~if:tet c ~kr~;~tic5~tal p~c}~;r~~~itiic, sccc~tt~ icy .edi~afic~:.

tlt a ntar3ut7~1 leifel c~i~~cc>iil; ~lsc Ei~rtnal ~t~reiculkun ean'1~c sra~~~{-ai a tisrat ►i~~n~s c~f~uL~ject4; 1'I~ustlt~ ~tatcn~cnt tlsac«ze E,a-~c~r~ ~an}~iis tc~ Icar~~ rsadi n~. ~~-n rii~~»~ncl ~ritlt►nc tia" ~v~~~(d ixsrC'l~a: ~ etkrri~-~a liar~t#ut4att€tr; (al~iEt the t1~ihRse t ~,~~,~1~y~G}. c} w~nt~lc~.lx tlt4 c t4ra~lctl cer~d rnci<ti€ieci v~ nicit~ ~~c{c~pte~l irrdtc scl~~iul acta~ide~i ley L~iE~i~ t:.~rrotl'3 aLlark 7irf►te~:

`17c~:~i~~atistlx~ri~lti n~;, of"~ti~ctt~:tz; #t~ b~~in with .„ anc~ ctt~k~ tCs~ ~if~cr4itt 4~i;tnc:tt~~ syfflratlrtt~r-rig —Afi~l~'stici~, 1,is~r:ac:tici~~,'~.f~(ifi~~tit~~t ;~ytcl Dcri3tatt .._ I~~}f„+:rp::~t~~i~itt;t~tct ~tcr~l~rt~, rt~eilt~ea~gr.aghyc ~l»u ,.. I3r~satGtg, 5tretcltiu~ ;~n~ Feinting in ~:aiJs tbut tlu ~4iock Ti~t•tie.e[ie1i~`tdo °L~zu~hir~~~nt1 CYri~ f° cl~c~o~~h ~itcys~~ct~ bn tl~z et~rFic~ilt~ai~,tt~~ymust baser ls~cai c~}acit~ias~.

t4::~r~lt~4r, M., (9~~,?: I~i3-~~1, ~t'icli ex~~t;~itt;~~~t~}

A~ltilr the fc~rin~l rurrifi~tkurya fan ~e list~~,siniply as a sc~ gf ~iib~ject~ (a~ad the r~c~►tirEitfci~t tlia~ yo~~~urit~ ik c~crwn ctEs c5~~~sicic t~['}~a}*fir sT~a~~ 1~;~~c ~nr,<azar~~4# hair ap~rrrz~'I~), it it~Iiti~y. }icy4~iblc ts~ ~~ c~t~tiii tn~r~ cleeaiL urtctir Esi~tC~ Iie:~iliEl~;s ti►a' 4oiE[et~c ~,vhirt~ is strppos~ ti to Lac tzti~;i~a aui9 lcslrn~c(. ~~~e~i~vE~~if rho ci~rrirulciit~ i3 slated sin~}~I} ~.~ ~ list ~f si~l~j~cta4 those tvE~t~ ~~>ricc it anti tlii~sr ~vl~o rrad it h~vcsc~tu~ i~~ ~le~it itait#cr t~z~ {ink cif e~:ltat ~;c~ s into ~'aclt ~it~~jcCd, it is is~ipE`~rtaiit t~ (,c4~z i1ti~; ii1 anii~cl e~~C~ nct~n~~s:triit~ tEic curricirit3tt~ ~it~~~'cil irs ~t~trui~l, tit'i~ii3 r~iit cistic~. [e i~ likcl~ tlrae ~~c tie liars"ccrtit:~i~i ,i.numt~~r cr~itcn~a, Rr+~babBy the n~a,~~ricy, tlt:~t arc eonu~~on K~ l~r~rl~ lisp, [n ~a~twc ~a~ t,~ tnetlicr. T~seN~: ~9~ I~ai~7~n~0 ~s tlsc l~~iEani~t~ c51 tht ttv~,iity-First s~ntitry ~►n ~~ rt~~np~ar4z1 ~vitli~'thc "3csc~r~~arytichc~t~l r~~;UEutisa~tx fue ~~iglah~l ~#` 19O~ ~tll~3ri~9i, ~'~3~~~, ~F3~, ~n~E ~vcn i~itl~ r114~~~~ir~-~r3n~tee~~~li=esrtttary'~ete~riciiltiEn 549iicEi L.~4vis ~i:~i~~s~ll vJ~s E~at~~cly~ir~~, av~ Ei~zc-i ni~~~y iccr3~4 its ec~znn~ojt,[tlt~ ma~~ tac~~i~i~hlca6s~ntc t~c~~~i [;:~rro11's lisle; ~vltic6t aE~}~s'ars i~t ail tlzc ;,-~t~s~qu~nt c~i~cs, is s~i~nce):

7~)ifti $IE1C~1(5~ COCKS I~~tiStY7tt cl6l~Ct~tii~~.l~t~ti~ [~i4 G:\`[4'.91 kC~ oY~4a~~1 EEiG ~CtY1l1:t~ ctiKYit`ti~llfi5 It S~~tc>+.s~ti.

!]7 ~.t1~1111t~ ~I~S Pft71 ~t)[li* i.~]YGtt~El CCS~t)~LiC't5?fl it'"~' i}3~[1};~g. ~C1i~1C ~3iYl~ tl13F4, {t \Vi5131L~ fit` :3 Ii1~S[~{:C. tCf.

co~irlu~c tì~c~vi t1~~ ~inuf~rit}~ uf`tlic lists d~~tt tlic ei~rrieiil~nn Izas liar~l}~ ck~~~t~csE at ail. ~~~n it Svc c~~i9~iscc Z~~c ;el! tl►:is~~rs ijt t4,ttltin~; 3nc~ItcMi atyci c`c~n~c~~trat~ ~~aje~~~ c7r~ t1~4 ~c~s~e4nt c~E tlxc stsh~j~<x5, ~~~1t~t iseak~~f~e i►r5cicr s[2~„ lte.~d yid ~~lyisc~r-}P ur s~ici~ce iii ~I'l[7~ is gL~vioetsE4 ~c~i►~~ r~ ~Z~ ve~~}r cii[ltretzc {ta ~~~at~~~~v~Fs frorii wh;tc ~~~as t;zzE~itt u~~dcr tlic saoxc IrtaJin fir 1 ~JC}~1.

Ancoth~r }~~ri~tt to ~«tc einct~~r °ti~rmal ~urfi~~ilum' is tl»e the ~i~,rF~~td~an~ rr~~y c~ataIr~ ~~~re4 whicharc i~pE anal. ~ucs~ hcti,rt tl~~ intrc~clucrit5a cif .ire NCi i~t En~l:~e~d :~3id'W:d~} in 19#313 rnarl~ ce~tai~~sul~je~t~ es«~pu~s~;i}~. iT ~~~.1s 13c~rmal !'or nlr~st 4t`cF~i ~t~rri~enlun~ ici a sec~nda~ seliu~al iv ~~nsise of~vl~~~~ts ~L k~~4Ca ~~1 F,np iT< w~~ ~~j~~~es~l f~ ~k~~ Liu ~lae~c i~.►y a1~~ ~~ QpFi~,r~s wi~~~i~~ lac ~i~rri~R~I~Am,.paetict~f:arl}~ iii tlic l.~t~~E~ yc,~r~~,i ~c;~ot~al:~~y~cJirr~a.

I~tcisst~<i ~o d~c mica t~f a ei~~tiipulsrry curric►~tu~f~ :~r~ tli~ ~n~iti~r~i~ of a ~e~tainton c~er"setilur~~'; tfi;►[ i~,c~~s~ takcu l.p t ~~~r}~c~i~r ary ~rackic~..~hc~t~~ r c~~ n~i i~ is ~c~~~lly eompl~lscyr~, ~ii~~ ~ «:cr[: ~~~rrst:tifi~~ ',thc:,yaart ql':a ~vl~{ale; etta~ei~uiu~3~ ~,ul~~e}i:c•.t~•}nne t,~k~s, ar'crtst~tliv}iieli tltirre i~; ~;~op~ fc~r~~~rigtihti;~.

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35A ~U~t~f~ULUIN AND 3d~C~TY

7'(~i~ iN~'t}Ri'uIAL ~t1RRI~ULl1M ANC THE kil[3f]~N CU~tRIGU1.l9M

Page 55 of 71

`6'licnvti~n ~tf tJzc fi~rntal curri4~~~t~ni r~xrr+ t~ t1t~c~~ett~~~twEtish is, t~ta€t6~ dclil~~rat~ly,~tatt~l~t l}},t4arlecr~in;~ scl~c~ul,ust~ali~+i~1 Ex;~icrils ~rr~ic:u~r~d (~~~st tiitiet~L~ic~n~~d f,tittlt~d acc~rtlit~~tc~;~;trl~jrct. ~citlis f.~~t t~l~at somctliin~ i~ a~i tCic citreii.alona mrans ilyat it i~ t;~ta~;Iit (or at feast tlta~ ttic i»tsntion ~Fclirc`t~r~•ictlirtati p1~t~ners di nCtlac se[~c~i ~itt~ti~s~=,k-ttictit i:~ that i~~If~11 Esc t~i~~;Ett): Ba~sinc:c; fiv~tic ~+t~~3als1~lay E' i3 tc~ Iran► ~~1t;~t [ trhuP~ ze4 i1~[chilitl~ tc~ ts',tel~, t11c Ease lt~at-~irrfi~ctl~iii~; i, ;~ t~cf~x-ta~>~icirt:il ~;1Y# cat'she ttt'~~aal ek~reic~~duisi,ilar~ ~rs~c:s~l~~ran~ec ,tlirit,p~~pil l~ar3i I~

[7n ~l~e nth~r f~apd~ ~~u~ ~s nt~y i€aria tliin~s i,i~ ~~lic~nl ~,vliiel~ are i~c~t tat~~l~t ~s part ~f Elie t~rntglet~i~ri~u{iisn. I`li~r4 ;~r~ tt~~~) w,~}'~; ira ~vhMCti this cart If t~~4r~, 47t~e~ i4 tl~i~t the s41t<7C~1 intet~sC, tES;tt E,up is~liau~~ lc~r~i cliut; s +.vti ch, ra~~n~t lei ciiri c~l~~ cau~ltt irr lissUits. Mazy t~l-x1i~ }~~ssil~le aii~u of a seltoc~l~~v1~i~~lr }'u~t ti4~ ri` tliinl~ut~al~out en the prcvi~~t~s t~tjik, i~ivolv~'i»attctrs of"tiii~ kiuc~rIt a sef~twl ~t~nts, t'~ri~isG~rtcc, tts ~~rc~~ncsfc~ct~-UE~csati~it~.lu~i ~cnisi~icr,~~j~~Ra fi~rc~tlt€r~, tlr~~► (if ~hssc~tr~ ic~~hc ~ix~r~ tls~rt~~ic~tis ;e~}~ir-auuii~~ it ~te~cls tc~ cto s4~~~tethi~i~ c~ tey r~~ l?ri~3g 31>c~~t~t ca-u~~rali~it ,i►~c~ ~tq c~~ci-~uraje pu}~ilsto brl~a~~e~ na enirsiclrratr~~ays. {Sec ~ls~ Unit ~1.~ i~r3~r3[ [)c.~.~cio~mcnt.~i~~1'~nhirs`fi~~^ t`nrtherclisc,~issiorr~f~rc,r~rc~titt~ ~f»t~~}ton ~=~R11~cs.) T~cl~~r+ r»ik1~t ~},~ tc~ htiilcl ca-cip4Etti+=~ ti~~zr~ ~~t{=~ ~t~rir It~~r~r~~~~~l~;~tcv~r the ~ulajrct; cc:tcli~rs :uiti ~t~j~i1 t~~igf~t 1r;►t~~ u~ .t e<~t ai-1>ch~c~in~ie; tErcr~ it3ay Le sc~mrs~~tei~~ «f rci~;irds and s3nctians; the sc11~o1 nti3na~i~neiit quay ~~y .~'ttaneii7n tt+ the ~r~y thae ptapitsi~~c~'va irt~EE►~d tl~c'~~It~x~l stkEri~ig lxr~ ~l; ~int~s ;~ttcl~acs.~~x~. A11 ~tXc-)i tirr~~~~i~m~nt~ part lae c c~ui►tcd ;~i ~~artr~Ett~e'i~tE'orin:tl i~Fcicufutii',c~E'cticschool.

T~kiii~ i~ito account l~tlt thc. f`~~mal aau~ tits informal i.i~rriculueii. clip eurricidun~'ran lx ~leti»c~l~air ~~xn~ yea}• 5y~~r 1s ilus `The ~elisac~i r~rri~ùlu~~~ ~~impri~e.~`.a~! l~.~eniat; ,~racl «tlt~r c17x~ei~t~c~!s t1~at.s~ic~li ~clis~«l ~1;iris ii~r its pupils' (I7~~F~C~(:f1,1~~)~);: 1(}),

taut pi~p(1~ i~iay also lz~r,~i riun~~ ar seha~l tliar tic s~lic~1 ~~ts ii~t i»tc~i~1 [t~~n~ tolearii. Fv~r scver:~ld~~~d~s ~c~ci~klU~is'ta~ }~avc, ~nintc~! c ut thak ~ita~i}~ Wu~7ils iii ~c1ii~] w~crc if arniiag~-fàr inst~ncc, t~.2 ;t~~~pxt~~xssl~~ely ~~~M~t tit4y u~t~ tt~lt! c)r tta sc~ tlic~Ttsel~e4 ~s f;►iCttr4s; tiv1►1Ec wtiit~e ~v+~'e leai•iiitt~ to idirt~ify~i~ritl~ auc~ FQlt~t~r tl~c tndresufa re~lx.11iot~s ~uixtdture, aid sut~~e svcct:lcaruu~~ racist ~t~€! set-i~cattitudes;and so 'an. Stic1~ Icarrii~~~ was ~~~rnorn~all}~ dart oF~.~6ar Ehs ~cC~9o~ ~cas iiitc~t~ ~~~ its ~ii~~ils to le~ni,:iI14~ ~~14 ~C}t4)tt~ lli:l~` 71t)~ ~l.~ivs k747;1Y 1~Vlrt ()f~IYSaTi1+(~I~t~14' ij~9ti~,,"i t~lilt its ~)1I~}I~S ~Vcf~ fta~`Clili(;; (1'ii7l~ tail`

~c1ti~1'~ }point of ti~ietl; tlis~t c~urca~s3cs ~tPcr~ 3idr~~:~terts e~C~Esc ~n~il~' ii~ti~ iii ,rl~c~~71. -Sig tltc terttl°1►iddr.n ~arrici~luei~' rti~~s invr~itad tt~ cc~vcr suer 1c~r~iin~;,

Tl~G ~idc-i; ~fscts jaL;t artt ritit~~i«i zr~ i~i~ci4~Rr;~his cznc~, ,yxd Nf 1i;~+ p("t~tt hc,t t~r~cicsiralylG ~;I~Eictc ti~;t]~eo~til,~ 1~ai~eii3 t~u~ad ~vEaeq t}ic}~ u~ecir~te ~cein l~iddeii c~~Frieul~itr7', tDut ~i~ie-ctlec~ a'c~ul~i ~lcc~ l~; c{i,~r:~l~Eun~s; tacinsnncc,aside-ct~ect of st~Fdcurs c~~clit}crc3~t e~l~isi~ b~ckgrcati~~tl~ ~cnrnins~ anti ~~li~yin~; tctiGc'th~.r+ni;,ht h~~ t1sr~ d+:~~~1i~~rnzr~t ~~f nnc(uretanr~n~; anci r~sprc:r. TE~~ Rt~int a~+a~~t tlit ~~l~a ezf~ t1<<~ liiildctzc u ~ ricEtk~~is is nc~t tli;~t is rij~u4nt is n~c«safiilq [~a~ib bile e6~t diq sckyut>l is e~o~ ;~taaer r~Eir.'Pii~l~~, tcauhri~~ire l:~r ~iiore likcly t~~ b~ arvarr uCtlit likel~~ ~idr-rI~'ects c~Fal1 aspc~ t, r~~el7e scl~ool?~ aetivitX, t~~ cli~t t+~av,e,~l~:~~ ~nigtit ~~~c-s ]a~~v; bccn }pare-~k a hids~~n ct~rti~~t~~~m ~~i~~~s s~, 6c 7Ei~lds~~ n~.ic~~3,~~r. ~'IiEr dE~~ n~~u~c:in drat srH~,ul~ tcxlaY ~~:n~~ i~u luzidea~.,~~~t~~ieultrsi~ i~ tric;~r~s ~li,~t ;~ ~ck~~c~i l~~ tc~ i~ c`~t'~:fttl E~7 t,ry ts~t~ucovcr,in~! hecrnt~c.~~v:~rt` ufsictc-cticc~so[rvh;tiif~ti~rs ilelilxraccl}gym it~t~as;lainganei iG,t>r~a~tiz~tic»>.

1f th~~_ r s;~lc-c•t1'c~ is ar~~ au~~=61~c5irit` .- ii~, sayr thc•}• ~v~~r}::~~ain~t thr «ifz,~~~ ,is.Eii4~~i~t~ its intcrulcYi~i~ns— chru ~h~ ,~h~,oi titay~ m,tk~ clelibtritc~~t4 t~~~~tti t« c~,u~~~er:~rt d~ciii_ tlt~cn :t ~41ir~~yl dz~ci t~ei5 [~g~~3d}Fi,71~; ~Ct~11Uc~11 tCl ,1~~51C{~ OF itS ICdCjlltis~+ litd t3Y}.a'+3[31LJt[ii❑ c~~ll31i~~ Uf t11~ lt)Plll~~ ~,liTFllLllpLil. ,'~~F

\V~1C~l' [~1~` ~C'It717l11~t71 !~Gl~[ l7I 54U~~ ~~i1ClIf.~CS Slll~'~ll i>l]Cl' ~i:1Vi ~~~I'll ~t1fk i~[ [~l6 7~IIl~t~P1! ~CLII'17~U~lfli7 111

st>>~u ~;rht~ul5, a~ ~s utiarc (ik~l}~~utfa~f tlt:it t}~~ ittfarutat ~t~rris~ultiui i~~sttrcl~s;t►i.tr»r;~ciie a~tij ~ttti-sei::e~licic~ ;t~ici ~rni~p al.,~ l~ tltac spcl~ p~~li~i~s 3leer.~~har is drrn~ ~s~iahi~i the ~oru~s! stu~riri~lwt5r ~.~;.~~i~hia ~~ 1"Sl-IE c~~irsear~itixcn~hig~cltrr~ci<m (:tn ~at~ca Uft~ii r4tcrrc.i tans the ~~astur~l~~eirri~etlt►i~t),



U4VI~ ~,Z: ~H~ SCF1~c?t tllRftl~UtUN1 355

tvle~rtic~u uf'e~3t in~6Z~e:r1 ~~rrieulvrri s}►c~ik~3 tliac t~i~ ci~r~iett[uy~~ ~y :i tiviicil~ is eir~t, tc~r ~~i~r t~;e~het~t :~Pl~ft{ f!`~it1CVE'CbP~i 1~47t~51}t-:SF.~lii~l~ t~ict'C tS 1t~~ t(l~iil try€ E~t~t~3t~[k~ 4C. ~.ljBklClf31~;. EV~Ti7 ~Y~l~fl YFIt~ f~6Titlai~

curri~i~lcini i~ c~~t+~t•~~ier~~~3 lar~clyir~ ~~tvar~~-+~; ~s.i3~ ttic t~l~ #"car F~-n~E~i~~t, cl~cr~ 'r~; stil(sc-~~~~ ~}stn t~ tki4.~r~is7cei in c~eSi~i~ii~~ tits c~et,►il~ s7~`clec ~t~r► ict~lt~rn ;~t~ci the ~yay [li,a~ 1in~:~ bct+vt~~~ 4: tir~'i4,tiltn~~i 4ubjs ct~-are {car are e;~t) ►n;~~[c; :inEt tlieee is spat- Qt~tsiclr- tl~v 1~1~ since that is neat sup~usce[ t4 c,c~cupy tl~c~vfx~le ti~nc~aCrl~.

Y~rt~ s[~c~nl<i, tlte~t, 4 r it ~i.~x~x~e cif yc~tae ~~ntt~}iaEt~l t~c~lc aGs :ti tc~c6ie~ cl~~z yctt~ c::~t €:ikc :tti sivirvie'wtuf' tl~~ t,i~rr€~idRi4T3, 1~3k~~ ~ a~~~a~' cat 'c~her~ i~ ~oniz~ ~fe~at~~' il~mci L~~ able tea ~at~~e`rd~ ttiscu~sic~n ui;~vEis-#~i~er it cc~icl~[ lac in~~~rovc~ a~~cN, i~'~c~, iai ~vhai ways,

~URRI~ULUM AS A~ ~ELECTI~N FRt]htt ~llLTU~tE

rt »iaryil~*r ~ot'wricern 1►as~c ref recd to tl~e c.uerictdi~try :~s ;~ s~lczeiacy lrc~nt the ~~~Irt~rc a€~ ~uci~t~:`{.u3n~rr' here refers tea ci~crytltin~ that is ceeat~ c1 h}' huniaq k~~in~~ th~insclves: toc~Es.tn~ teclli~c~tc~~t( a,r~~r,~c~ ;~ticl li~4rs~~i~x;; tht~si4 i1~t11Ft, sci~:t~t~~ a~1c# tt~tt~l~~rtt~ttis~—ir14E~~~t, ths. ~+~~cifs.;~ay c}(~ff4 c}~ a~~eisi~' {~:i~rta~~, 11~~9:~'[7}, Ariy sc~ei~~P ~a~c~ ~,n its tu[tur~: ~~7 ~Iyc ~atxc ~;crt~rneia~n, ,grid irr m~~l,;riisc5cicti~s scicc~c+liti~ is t~rc~: of the ~a}~ iri t~liizlt tl~i~ is dcyn~. 3~tit ~rl~ria~usE~ ni~'s~ltc~al ri~tri~t~ldni ~~~ti1~e«r~~r~ac>sitttc tl~c ~3~1~{,Mc. ~f`hit~~~~~~. ~~ticiarc; ti7 ~ srl4~ti~n leas to b4 ~T~ada;

tt tixk~~rn1 ~tirskiui~ ~t~'~sk ti~~t i3 Itu~~v eta cvc ai :t~:e tl~.tt srtert#i~rk2~i~if~ereiyt ~~~r~icultiy~f tfjCs>rii:~~iur~it~~rGnt~3EYSEv~es.

tl first m~v~ i~ tc~ e~cUGtt ~~ tltatF ~incc h~3mc ;~s~e.~rt~ cif c~elt~trc art.. ~~~s~~l t~iz gar pi~:l:cc1 i~i5tetc}~4nct~MStt~~ z3i'sclyz~e~l~, it ~t~:t~~ ii~akr s~tise'!'r~rti~[yc~c~fs ~E~ v~ncral E~ cc-r►fcrt~teatc c~tt rlt~ttt~~"s~G~hicl~~vt31 nutt~~ I~s~nizd iftlrs}°are nit in~lu~t~i1 ies t[~c. scl~cx-~1 cttirriculeiit3; 3iid s c~~idaiy scli~~is ~~i pa~c enl:;rI~a~F~ G~'try tci ~iu's~c~ un; l~}~t nc~t to c3s~~a3i~it~, ►vltat ~r~~yi141~avc I~~riic~ Eiy ttic~citc~ c~~~ri~riaiy sr~ic~ul.Ck~en these ~+crir~ts dire visa to ~n~n}~ cju~3t'tc5els. ~c~r exa~ttpEc, tTtaiiy }+ci►n~r~* ~a4C3)i1C «f sort irt3ar}' ~s~c ~ic~.ktj~a much cri'~~~l~at ih~y ~n+aw at~~tit cc7~Iap~tt~ r~, short Qr }~r~gitlar music i~tdeg~E~~tc~itly~ ~E`scl~aac~i~ d~~sthis nic~ij thsrs is n4 }c~ gat i~t ietcl~aciir~~ snicty ~E'tC~cse auras iti the: c~tn•i~i~lim~?

t~ir~c ~}~«tio~~`~fl <»~~ ,icy+: sit ft~ ~~~}i r.~~ ~~tipif~ i~,~r~t to<IcE~~r~{i~:jttl}' ~k s~~isx31 {it iv4 c;t~~ tle~~t ty3t~ch tl~~iki~,~)r stsert ~r~ ~arir~~i~les b}~ +vl~~~ly ~a~e utii};hr cr~~ iU rYi:~;~ a Sfil~cti~r~~ ti~rr► ~ulcurc. I~r this u~iitcEjcrc' i~ space ~a ~ncnti~ai~;jusc tl~rce; t« srlccs ~4~I~at is tryst. ~,r. what i~ di~ti~+ctia~e oL~ca }~articul~r e~~ltit~r, car

-~V~1:~t Is iY1 ~Ckfl~j~<>v:q}.~llililta}tri'~ttA~,

~~lc.l~~.l i5f.5~~4'Ct1Cl~;. ;iitij C35~1~}~fil~.~i~.f.)~7~~ [(? 1~.!(?PC~3t~, t~'~i:~[ IS ~4~: ~;(~« ~:lC}:~1C ~~,`3SC [C7 ~€~tt~i5;\4`:

~C170~t~. /~1P126~[~ ~V1S IlOt c7Ql~}' ~ ~~`tt5~13it. ~3UC[ :111th a C~R7Tllc'ild~(flT 6p_ ttl~ Ct7ltUfi 6i' ~lF~ d~}; ~U[ 8~54t

scE~ci:roE ins~~~~~or. hZiskc~rit:ali}: d~~ prirtcip~c has 1~e4~t 1a~k.~ci ~vat)i ttt~ ic~4a ttt tvhc~lG aaca~, cifr~dn3~c —`tii~;li culaier'; ~Errtecc! c~~ ,trek anti lit~~tiyr~— tx iu~ c~f'~;rE~tyr v tltye* there the ez4t c~t'~t~[~ure::,~ul al,~perlia}~s king ~eec~~ib[~ oa~ly to a ntini~rit~t ofs4ri cy. The ~rin~ip~c slams nc~t Iia~~4 tc~ be i~~cerprece4t intl~3t~e~~y ~4cc f iit^c!1 ~nc~ ~3r~t~t~l~xa, ~1~t:)[), tt~r att v}~atcd intct~rs~ats~Ex}, ~k~atsi~~:raria ~sf ~ ttl~~~r~ ti;arc:: d~:~liiz~ w i td~, i c i ~• 1 uc1itt~ I~c~r ~tist,Ritc:c ~~~tk~:tL€ 3~a~1 rook tri~tSi~. ~~4-ir~y~ ~V~1! iv;~~is }~ roEtlG tc~ (sc ~E~lc t~Fnp~mc t< <i~h:lt i, ~ocxi raehrr tlrai~ wlra[ is t~rdiocee. le ifrres i3t~~ follcn~; ci~~,uzh, that the sehat~t~tErnc:i~lerrit ~li~aiilci if~vay~ k~ f`tic~s4c44 c7n ~.~ki~tt i~ l~[~se iu aity:~rca. [t w`~ sup~c ac, #i~r iaastancc:, that thc~~rc~~ttt•st.ci~it~~~ js Fl~a~ ci#'~ir~~c~iit c~r~t~~lii;a I t;tra~4:irs~~ r#~tcW. ~~ra# ~n~~n+~~~~ ~l.t~~ this stivacc,it cfrt~cetit~e: ~iE the seh~~~l cureie~iivr~t. t►t nt3ay ar~~+~, fi ~icu~ic arc. ivi r tri iZe abte ca ap~recizt~ tl~e. ~c~t, theyr~c~c~t~rst~er~ kS}' uncicrs~titr~i~tg ~~x~~tctFiiEig n~+~r~ba~~.

~f,uel,~,~ grin i~ttc «t: sctecticsri~~vftisfy is :,~>Tb~cti~ri~s fart~urc~1 is t~_~,i~l: Frctni rho .~~lt«tc ~i@`}iin~i;u~ccrlttsrc ~l~ h.i~ i~ ~listilrrfti~.c~~~~:~eti~;ul~r cult~iez -= dyelvay ~f 3Ii~ c~f~ }~arrieulsr n~tioi~, ~e cclan~c ~i~t~i~~:ar r~Eigic}n, "I'i~ia may appl}= ~ntzrz tc~ #9~c cicr~iilcc~;ec~nte~~t t~~(tE~ia ar~a~ ~f tM~c:ci~rri~.ulun~.tliait t~ tf~

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356 ~lJf;~tf~ULUtN AND ~~CI~'i'1'

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silcetitin of tlir t~~o~cl ;crc~: ~c ~lc~ ~iut jtisG It ~r~e I:~ii~iia;.;z, i~~~ I~:;en ~ paeticril3P lcz~~};u:~};e; at~d ~vlcile ieis ~os~ililo to ~tuilp hi~t'~eic~i n~«h~ti, ~ii~ contact ~t ~l~istor~, is ~h~t ~f particular ~caplt in a ~Sardcul it~a~t c_~f ~l~c v,~r~rld.~,~t~~; ~s~~titic~tt fir starri~-uEis~ti plann6a~, [IF~n, i~l~t~rvfnr w ti~l+~~t tro~la tivkaak ~v~a~c-~4 '~7tir" culture, :Yncl ]~i~tiv ~o i~tt4r~~rct ~~~I~:u is crtz~' culture. '1'I1at ctacsr~c~n; i~t ~~i~;l:~t~tl, l~~s tt~ 1~4resalvect u~ a~cr~it~st ~~a mu~tic~eltt~ra] satiety, w~n~liin ;► tv~eld' iei 3vl~iela #lietc is inerrasiri~ i~itsrartiuiilx:ti4~e:» s~ilier~:E~t c-iil~~irr:+s.

li ~[l~~r tl~att lcit~kii~~; to ~vl~~t i:~ last, ~~r ~a~1r~t is cl"sa[ii~€ EE'~~, tit~c rn:~~~ t~ rci kc~~~~:_ to Sw~t~xe:is f~rtr~~srnc~nta~l.This icie:;~ n~a~~;~~pl}' l~~th a~;r+~s~ tlr~ curriei~ltiRti ~mc! within ~e~~~ at~tlic ctteri~ul~t~ia. ~~hi~i dig- ~ci~ iicc>a~~~ m~thr~natics, #"or i~istaoc~, tl~~ id~~ ¢t ~v1~as is ~iilturally clr,tin~tiv~ nay have IittEc ~~~plicati~rr~lV~llG ~i •15 11[zk ~t)5~t)~ C~l:1C t~14`~C tilY[fft`C~S ;#S;E~flii7~~}' ~:1}t~~it .11`C ~C41~~1~Y4-~Yi't~. , iiS~ i~14'~ Ii~S[I U~11';iC~i1t1~,~1~14

Iksi,n~y lie, ity~pprc~~fcix~c. Wc. nc4d t~ iISij~l: abc~uc ~ifl;at i~ ~liridaniencal. Iii tii~ ~c~ne~tiunal.c~,ntasr,,this dgsts~ nat m4~in tivtaat is ~'imcln'n~etir~l ire t(~c i~~hol~~ str~irtt~rc+s£]Sq~ttan k~~uw~rcE~;~; it'mc~ua~ what~i~cspli n~c d to Icur~s it tli~y art to 1t;4vc ;~ I~tt~acE~oti~~n sit ivlxic~ti 3irrtkt4a• kt~izwl~~~k car skills ctin [~4 L~t~ilt:

`l'f~i~tkiugab~~it tli~ ~~«eiculi~tn u~ ~;etzrral, eve sai~ ~tso cry to aakci~l~at ~s liuidi~u~:~►tal~iir the ~,vli~[e,72~►~nan caElt itc~ iii which' pcc~Ealr arc 1ivh~~, But this, qucsrio i iie}~ends in n~rn u~~ si~nic ~~arti4ul:~r.x~u~~i~-~rac~ie~~c~~'~vh.~t isin~~rtatttittl~ut~f~tt IiCs.l~i~tl~~ ctti~~~lt~p~~~ht~f~th ~•a~~~iti~~l~tr3~isio~lthl5u~l~t ;~nt1,11td~le~ncitt~ Titan ~~~c:n7i~Eit ae~,u~, a~ tl~c philr~sayti{aer.i~Cedu~~iut~ I~,~t~l 1-lirst tlsi!'7~}}cinc°e tlic~, tl~<tt die~r~ arc cirtaia E,~si~ ft~r~i1~ o~ iii►~jiatlundEr~«nciin~ ~ se~~i~i►sc, ~nathcmaei~~;~nt~rper~~Ea;~l uiic~s~rst:~~adin~.~atd sc?t~t~ —+vhsÈ~ ;ire ~xnt int~rt:l~sra~;c~:ihle anc~ ~~ac1i c~f~i~ltie'h iti at4<;~:~s;~ry4~r its caw~~ ~v;y~~ to rl~c cic~~cloplticttt ~~f`rauu~►:~l uazclers~~~~diji~;~~r is'lurni~iolitc m~;rc tnnci~~ne~itilh~ ~fic~ta prcrvidin~ tti~; ~~tatcriai nc~~ssiGics ~it`lifc? TJ~e~i ~cr

~s~i~~tt skres~ ~vliat ~~.in hr 4~cr,n~~miti~l~y ns~~«I, a»d dtir estn~~rrd~au, nii~.Jzt be ~irimar~ly t~ v~a~i~r~»1iinc, ~)r i5 tiie ~sut~ti:~~ :3 ~~eet <,f i~cji~t:tn life, sn fir ~as+:dtieaCic~t~ is c{~u~~eat~cl, tl~~ fi4i t11~[ ~rrc,~14 liy.rt~;rcltcr i~~ ~;r~ups anc3 li3ve w ~r~;~niz~ their 3ftair~ c+~~,eslicr? TJacu ~r paring; ~cu}alc c+~ !it citizensan~~,~11t~~~rra cut t~[~c i~~~s~ fiiitcf~~~~i~ta1~

~~~ E: r, itcr►tc t~ftlstsr ~}~jit't}aclt4s #gal s ~2x 1~it ~:lke~ tt4 t~cry t;tr. Uy it~~;1f; i~t sc1s:~~tin~,+a~1tiiGl~ :~}~~~r~s c~Eetdture s124uid tt~akr up a scltt~vl ~tn~~•iculKut~. ~ f ciiursc, ~ii~r4 is nYt~~l~ itu7r~ tai d~r_ae~uii~efits t}iat~..fan be c.~nsir~~:r4d' in data i kycr4., L3~it Svc❑ tl~ s'~z~i~ch c3 sciissii~aa s~i~cst~ that the attcrnpt to si.l~etf~t~at~ t~ty~»,jai c ttlttfri^ t~c~4~s tt~C ti4;~ tt~ lty~` vi[Cltstj# :}rt e~p1i~[t ~ò~i~idcri~zie»t +Sf t}~4 mitts cif ~dttc„ttictl~:?,fie cicr nc~t, a~[cr :~11,-1r~~~e io tr:~~~~nyit rnkuec jtF~e as it stands {Ei~rd iu a~~y c~~t i~3s c~tyst~utlb~ eh~n~ is~~;).!Wr n~.a~F lr~~~v aficws ~bout~~vl~a~ kind afsc~cirry tiv~ 4vis6 to arc. ar 11~oat kv6at kiiyd ~f'pCrso~is s~~r iw~icwill tn~cr~e fi~n~ti ~clti~iticit~,

Fi~L.ATING [~IR~tI~ULIlM TGl AIMS

Th'= Pr~~~icrus ~~nit rai~c~ t6c q~~cst-ig~~ about tl~r aims of crluc-ati«~i in grn~ral eermsa u~rsk~el ~i~14~i~>~r~,.,clac~ t~} .ir~s~+~crin~ it> and ]c~~kc~l hr~~tl}' ~t ~I~~ ~~rrrc~it ~c~t4c~ zir~~s c~f't1~c N{i i~~ F;n~Carzc~,1'Izit1~~r~>> 4i►3~ point tt> 4€r~~sil~~izc is [It.~Y tlsc C~r~ss~7~lut~ ~9 ±eli~~vl_. ~s ;a ~r~ajtsC pt~ ~iE't1tc~ ~vt'y Ir► vrl~iclr +,y3tunypr ~a~reaPiz~- ~ciuc~ti~,nal aiii7s, Ste, raiis~n;~ll}s tl_ir ~l~~~nin}; ~,t`~~~irrriciilut~t ~ltoulci ~epc:n~ o►rli~,~.~~ tix ~wcral~ ~~ims c;F ~cli~il~ii~n ctrl 4v~Tc~ivccl. H[~tr~ri~-~ll~, .i~ 4v.i.~ psail~~4c~ ~rt~e i~~ t1~c l.~~t u~~it, ihi~-I~aS ~r~~~ ;il~~:~4~~°I7n~>~c►~~ct. ~vcn i~~liG~M~, ~3 ~~c~t4~ ~Irtirc i~ ;sai E~~G iii Eu~;l;~iacl 'utc-c~r~crr:~tu~~ ~a~ ext~iltlG*d-srucni isz ul .inns, thrrc is ra m tc~ ~i~est«n ha~t~ Far tl~~, reynir•~ii rurriculursi is actunt3y likely ~afcsIfz~: t(~~ sf;itccl aimss.

`rla~ s~~N~~ sc~ cn~t in ~Jriit ~.i '~i5artain n~.~riy tlx,~i ,~:~~ t<<<s~tld ►~~~~ ~;~}~:~t tcatr~ r~,~lvc~t p,~i,~,~,Fril~~elin~►igli ~nt~thin~; i~~ she c~ont~~zt oi'-the ~urrìrul~im s3~bjre~s; f(}i~jk tar,i~~stanc~ pit"~SF~c ~r~nto~ic~i~ ~~falt=rst~;E'ni ai7~r c~r~~c~ti4nn~ ~vcll-Utiit~; ~~ha~lr~i,~~iEi~; Ji~~ rimip~tion; ~Ic~~~lc~pint; aacns , ofidctf~ity. }tis



u~vo~ ~,z: ~~t~ ~~H~o~ eu~~tcu~unr~ Asa

C~~c~k agair~ at ~>>t, s~atc,n€nt iii ai~ris cif ttse ~iC fir Er~glaai~i: ~s~ u~~r~ €rr t~gk ~:t:3: Yuu ar~dYSViSH t~z'u5a ~ di(teres~t i3C dcr~ illi~ 125.

If you ~:; re rss{~'s'nst~ii~ f+~r ~laranir~g a c~rrl~aiq~i whc~3t cq~ald r~ali~g 1t}~te ai~r~s, 4aF~~t4~~~~ii~ ~~bu t~snl~ st,c~[fld ~~ inE~ th~~ eurrt~0.~luirr7

~~_ ~:. at tti~ next unit fir the cl~k~ii~ cif the €~~tr~rrt English NC, Now far ~o yc~u ~hir~k the N~f~~ ~ng~ar~~i ~~ 4"r~ h~w~ if nUW t511k~~t ~~7 (#rQ~1~rkL E~ ~#~x~Cl ~t1~5? 47;5~U4~'S~litft Qt31~r 5#~~~~~

tethers cirya~u tutr~r,N~~ice th~k this ~u~stie n alert tt~e ~!C 3s askih4 ycau tr snnssder the f9rm~l ~urri~olum v,~itl~

+~r~io-ch 5c~i~nls in Enc~fanc4 naav e~erate (ap~r[ dram ti p small ~ina~Unt of time av~ila~le tc~schocal~ for pur3ui~€~,actiWities cauts:de size P[C). 8ut ~ can also ~h+r~k about wayis in tiuh:th auhaol s infcarma~l eurr~c~laim may Eurt~er iht sa€a~e aims..

char thac tlic iv~Car~~taf t'ci~~ri~cilum leas a 3~r~r rol€ tc~ ~Iav C~erc; a~iv seh~pi AvlucEi s*~ai its attesi~i~sn

nail} tci ta~K ii r~tial c:t~r~i~idt~n~ ~vnirlct ~s~ ~~alizi9i~ tl~~c c~tl~kr ~it~~s t~nly in~'ti~cntall} ii`.at X11,

Nc~v ~:tr ti~ri, ~r~11 CFie !àrtt~;~3 cytrrienitine ~rr~rrtc~te ~1~~ kit~tix i~f"':~itt~s ~c# K~ut> It i~~lcsr t1i:~t tt~

h~acliti~r~al ei~Prict~9i'~i t ~nla~cc~~h.~ue a rots ui }3rc~nantin~~is}~sls' le~r~~i~t~andncl~iev+~~n~xit (~eliievc~y~eiat

~ritliit~ thc~sr suhjc c~, that is. ;~1;li~~ ~~l~ chi r~_ 1st €~ttirr kincl~ ~ifachii.vctns~rtt ~ ~ve1[}, and in ~r4►nt~~tin~thLir ir3tellcetu 6 de+~~c9o~it~~4tit, i~+'lr:~t i~ r~e~t sca char s~ affe ~n14 c~t~tit~ tt~cti[ici~aat suls~jc~~.~ iit }arc«~iir~tiri€;

tl~~ tar~~drr ai~fis t~l a n7~7r~i anti ~c~-.i~l kind ivlticl~ ~vy:rc al~vJg~ re~a~;niz d in ~iC kio~an~~~ts zinc

t~~~~ rind ha'v+~ Yi~ti<<,~aii~rd ~rFat~r~ ~,rc ti~i~~unec t}~a~~ h~~cir~.

(Its firsc,~~ersiut~ aFEhe NC: iii Ent;iat~~t a»d'Lfit3lcs, lrrc~s ~;hc i~r by c}~e ~~itu:.tcicytr f~~ f~et~i r'~c~ 1~ItiK,

attc~n~tcd t~aeldecs~ ~~Ei:urn4 Ery nzpr~c~ratiu~tY «kvr~Ekr otcr~ts~~c t~rricu[~rth~mes:la~;~It1~ eciucau~~~,

citiisnsE~i~? eclaic~ti~at, cars~rs ~dc~~ation ancE ~uidaatss, cni~irc~nnle~itel cdc~catiQ~i, ;~nc~ eci~tcation ~`c~r

c.cn~~~ett i~ teed ittclt~x~riitl iiotcie~;,t~t~ilif3~;. T1~es~ ~}~ct~scs<[itt tc~t IS;t~~: tkj:i scattict~r}~ tiyt~~ i~~'c1~~°~:c3~'~at~et

~+~i~iidatic~~i subjccks, ~~3d is ~v~ left ]:~r,~c1~~ tc~ in~iividu~) eli~ls (tic~i~~~ limit«[ p~bli~lfei ~uiatsrnc~~.to.

tlscidc Itow°tv tcar~i c}tc~c3, In fact, i~t t~ta~~;~ ~cl~ngls ttic nrcy~s-curt• ctti~r tl~~:~~aes ~v6rc r~€~t s}r~tcata~itically

t:+~;cn tip ~c X11,Itj citc c t~r~'etse NC' fiaw ~t~~lat~d {flt~~C~~`.t"ti, 1~~42~}t} .t t7utjotx r cjf t~s~ s~atcc~ airid~ r~l;~u- ~~ ~c~Etic„s

~atiieiz the crnssac~arricr~tar eEiemes hid lxcn intencie~l to address; ~cannmic un~Ccrs~aa~di~i~, ~arrers

rltr~ict• at~c3 c~cla~cati~}et ahcf~it tl~~^ ~ ete+ir~+nrn€~cie, tc~~ aTa3~uxrc, me cl~:arly etc't~r~>r~etEc! iii Rhc ~im5, I3it~ ~sf'

Cpl€~ C3P!!~E1iJ~ ~I'[~SS~-C:IIYIÌC II~;E7' flit 132L'St Ultl~° t'-1~t2t IlSE7t~? ~1.151*y3iI1t~C~. EE3C Si3i115 C)f :t S(~[t1[CSP~" S1i~~CC4, ~[7CC~

t~3~ 4Jt~k~F ~fi::~S 8fcttCi IC~]7~tC C~ll'1't ~S t{15t1I1Ct t~tC'lTiC& ~E.l~ t'~c~l7' fTDfl1 C~ltS.t~laC~ t13 Fe'IQI1911 Ci"ittBC

~l~~larcci :~i~it~, s-~tizss~5l~i~ ~dt~~atiot, ~~trr~ct a 1~cau}~ ~ttr~en, as ~c~ts 1'SFiI'; ~t rn tltn~ fit c~~at ~ talc

SL:3[i1~t~Cy ~~YC t'U~4' ~?EQ S~t~4135Fi1~~.i~ ~1iSC{~ "riC~t? IIt ~fTl~ ~.~.~~V~UI'd~ ~~41'4~c1]7ttl~llt 5fi€6 ~ftFttC~S.

l~hat c~! dir subj~~t~ ~hi~li still f~ra~~ dig I>t~[k ~t ehc c~irri~iitut~iy~ It is nc~.t~i•pri se. tlt~c st►i~,~~c~s ~u~l~.~w ~~i~Ii~lr, m{tthsmat"ss~, ~~icl.scici~cr ha4•c :e cc:r~ttal ~tac~ ~n ~~~st~t~rrct~E~; a~ iva ~~~v~t~,v~., ihsy I~~~~4t~ce~a inn tl~~ ~ ur~~ititl~exi~ t~~se}~r~crlfi ~ia~ ~3rit;~iri (ar~cl in;~it}~ ~~tlsei~ c~iu~a~ris~s} fc~r,i le,n~ ~i~tti; i~us is ~`~tr~;ur~~.

irt~4~ i~i~t tli~ ~ctrre~tt' N~ciF~i ia~i~nrs t~rEn~lals~l cia ~io~,tcten~~t:i~y ctct;iiletj argei~~ic its eo~~t~~~i~~i~i

Ly~hi~ I~ ~~~.~v~ patticul~r uL~e~ tw~ ka~Jp to ~Ft~r~iat~ }aarti~r~s~ar aims ([~~`G~i"Q~;A, Isi9').~1', Tads€i~, s~tni~

W[Iterti 3~ ~t i~ [j~tt~>ti~:ir7e:cl ~ti~ht#~iCY~it~M~CtS S[~C~t:iS fil;lt~tt`kTi:ttltS at1C~ ~Csrttf~'tl I~f7~;i1;~i~e~ c{r~;~~SCv[ X~1

E~i'c)lYlitic'fltC. t~icV.~13YC.111t~tC c'tiP~'iC[t~113t1 1~[Ftl pV~P:I~~ ~311C~?4~3~ il~t~tSk EtIFtl~lt~llTYt fSlt? PP[Tt71Rt~` CfIC

kiucts ~# aims sc:t c}tzt in the iloet►mr~zt~; s~~ ~3ri►n 11 an 4 til'llzite, 2[1(Id)ti. tvlcrrr. detaile.~t ar~~mi~nts twtli

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35~ ~UI~fi1tULUtt~1 AN[? ~C}Ct~'i'Y

Page 59 of 71

f'v~:~rti~ ca};?i~~3c t1i~ ~,~~~ziijtente c~d'ciiadtc~ua~ics icy ¢h~ currieislu~» e:~ty 1~~ I~un~i its F3ea~~~;31[:ittd ~i~iaitc:,2(1CN)~, ~i~G~ Til:1}'~n€l ~~î~lf, ~{:~i}ll, ~5it tlia:otl►ce f~artci, it a~5;ek l~~ ~r~~t~ct ~haF ~niiEi~lcrstat~alin~ ~EtlxeIii~tisry ty~ <xa4's (xvn sn~i~t~~ 1~;~. sorb an irx~pt~rtan~ ~cil~ in ~uidsr~innin~; irafcsr~~icd r-itixc~~~1~i~~ tlr:it it.s1~~~~~id qqt '~afi¢ «~ ~ ecit~~~~~~tsc~x}~at Kc}~~t~~e ~ {13r:~tisall .~t~cl ~~hiic; ~t~IHl!>).

t-Ic~~t~ a'aubjsct rclatcs su ~vcrall aims ti~a~~ aficct neat QiE1}~ its }alas r i►r tl~t Lv rall curri~tllum liut ~l~u~i~r~~~ it i~ ~.au~]ie. Tzt scis=ncc ~~ic~ ilu~tii~r~~~tics, ~vl~a~ 1~ tli~ b.sl~t~~~r ~~ ttivi ~~~ ~qui~~piF~i;paps with ,kill~§~~i1~~1 ~y34~~'~Sit ~+[li ~C~ ~.iP;~C'~3t;i~ 11St~: ~C~ili~, ft3 Yt~14'Yl l,i~* T~~~Ylltl~ Jiyct ~tl?~)~tr~'Tf(Ct}C tiF7~)i)TCk1f1[~~$~ 111i~.'

cr}~in~; c~ shQtiv ~,t~~?3lss~rnetluia~ c~i-llie sliepr ta~~ii~ati~~i vfiiclt 3tl~thclf~3iir-~,t~id -s~"seii~ccnf~ li~~ldr~«Cte a~~rt ►inxti tN~cir-,~PP~icatic~us? [n hi,tt~ry, ~4FIi~t i~ tl~r b3lzaiec l~r.n~~scn t~}7n~ tc~ J~rctmat~ a sri~sczaf :~ c~azni~~c>t~ t;rMtisk~ ittEi.~rit;it~~r ,ktitl 4xplc~rit~x; tl~r lzirtt~ry ud~lc;It E1.ss legit pit 13rit~ ~3 t~ri~s~ tlse~nuhicultural ~cx. ery is t~c~4u is?

i~9atltetnatics Vinci liist~ry~ Itaec b~ciy ~~sc~ as ctvo ~~~tn~lcs ltcr~, [,ut;si~rutar t~urstion~ c.~n fit: rais~cl;iixit~t ~tl~er st~laj~cts. l~+?#hirrkirt~ lltr .~tlten! f rrm'~rrtrr~nt ~~'alrr~:~, .~~irrts trrrd ~~trr~~i~s (1~hit~ 2(1f.14~ cicv{xis n~l~~t~tcr c~ each subject at-the N;~eii7nat C;i~r~icultuyi,:t4•iili tFa~ z~rr~ptiurt A~f'9~~I-~~; eiti~eiu~►fi~;~tEij IC.T,antiaEs~ eor~tigiot~srci~irltion, T is disai~ssit~nsiri tl~~:~tps~Gli~;~tinia~~~f1 hct~~goi~ in tf~ iikin~abont.kh 't~l~c~fy~ars~.v~~+iEbi~+;t~ti=ithis~ t[~~ ~vt~s~lc~~t~~r~~~tM~~~~a=

Thi> tin i7Q d tv.W-p~tT ta~l:r With iii iRdtvicludl st~gc ~o'Irn+~l #?y a q~nup st,ac~~, Tf~~ Qd5k i~ 1t}~d~#rrhule CO d~3tht]91 ~r45~2ttt~~ {il might #~~ fqr th.e sd[ne imag~i~o~:, 5chor,,l which you ~~.~1 iii7as~_ 7;i,~). SuppA~e that 1h~ sthon! his ~d~p ed Floc ~t~tement of airs: trem a rratiana(~a,~rsc~lum,

`1[~ur irl~lividuaR task is to ~vr,le ~ p~ra~r~ph fl( nqc more gran one h~andte~F u.ôrd5 Setting Q~[f~ nrc~sp~Cve parecx'ss thy- wa fs iri kvhich y} ut teathi~i~ subject fits into fte whole curriculum,and ~h~x c9nfrib~tr~s to reaisz~n~ tM~ o~~~r~IC aims 4t the curc~tul~rrr, tRg~n~rnf~e~ Thai s6m~parents ~ arui pu~:ls =may ~aan~~r what the prsin! of s4u~yin~ ~eri~iki suh~~cts R3 at all.}

The group task iQr'}~o~a_an~ your fella^.~i st~tident tcacl~rs, r~presentin~.ciifieeent 3utajec2s, i~to n»ke sure that the irsdividu~l st~b]~ti st~t~m~+r~ts (it togeihcr into a.cat~er~t dc~ssriptlQr~ of awhale €urri~pEum, eon~plemeating and nc~q-eampeti«~ y.~iil~ ~aeh tither_

RE1E~~t on 11~is task af~d check y~+ut tlevQlp~atrt~nt a~ain~t the ~aandartis for your cUurs~_

SUMMARY AND KeY Pr~iNrs

'1'Itc eiu°riciilt~,tr is ~~~ i~zrp~irtant p:u~tl~ftlice~Y~r~c1~ ioj t~*l~ielr v~~t~ ~r~el~ as;a te.~el~~r:le itlzltid~+6~c~tlYthe f~rnial curriculum, ~~~f~ieh sets out in iirtasl [lx• sLilSja~crs to Lt t~i~~lu; tlic uiiurrual ct~rricnlunz,u~l~icli covers tlu~ vyrietY of ~ti~.~}~; in which a srl~uol ~ai~ ~ttcni~,t to achicvt tdre kintlti of ,~rrn~ ~vJtiC~t~;~F~uut 3~c c;~pu~rcd in the c~~ntcnl uE ti~nc-t~blc~3 ~t~lrjcccs;~~td tl~~ 3ti~[dci3 i~~~rrict~it~~,r ~vlsieh isiviythe se~ioof rcl;~zcs to ~~upils anii pareu~, ;ome~imcs rc~tcrrcd ~o ;is zhr ctliii~ o~,i school.

The curri~~nlum is ~Krhups the most imp~>rtanc mc.tns tlxuui~h whirr c~l~~cition:~E .iiitis can he~rursucd. Alrl~uugli ~nucl~ of'il~i~ ~urriculin>> c•~ir,~s a(rcuch~:i.4 a fi;3n~cu~{irk ~t~i~l~in ~t~ltich yuu ~ti~or{:.yuu mad- tivcll k~avc the ~~p~~urtu~ri~~~ ~u can~ribu~r to cliscus~iczn .~buut tl~e i•iirriculein~. anci ~~c>t1should bc~ aL~li• to tikc;t»d ar;;nt a ~~ic,v i~~~t~~ on tl3c• ~clai,lc curricul~irn acid on thc~ pl,uc<_~f')~c~tir ow~7.

.i~7~"i~'4C~S ~4.1(~F1Fa 1~.



11PliT ~.2. YHA SCF~~i~L tUltftl~UL[1~±/~ 3~9

1~ny ct~rric~iiltioir is ;~ ~:cizc~it~u from tl~c e«Itt~r+.• ref ,r sr~ci~ty~~ but 1n}F n°lv 4t >rl~cting rlrrn~~~ts

~t'CllTt t'te~ti~rc — t~7C oftr~i~~7t ~(1 ?y~~~4:C~4~~illt tti [~csF, yr to'~t;Et it. t~tatitl ~ti'i°C c1e }~~~tai is 1tt3~[~arnt ittll) — fiis~~f

t76tE1t~ FltiCj~E7C 7[~Cc6tl:itC \'V1~~1CSUt:~V1r'Iti't5f i~lC Ob'cfa~~:iFfEiti t51 ~f~(Ii'3ililik_

'~(~f~ilc tlic ciirrt~~t l~fatit~~ial C'urrFciiltia~i ii}r England i€iclu€1~s :t st.ttc~zicnt t~f~ai~ns, thc•rt= i~siIll

rc~>>e~ tine t~isci~ssi{~r~ ~~n~~•r tEir c~mtri[~i~tir~tt ~~~hEi h indi.~t~lual s~l~j4'cts maE:t tt, t is ,frhi~rvc~n~itk c~~these r~~~cr:il~ ;iirt~s.

[i~ shis untie ~~u ij~coec 1t3s Lcc~~ cl~:~nz tl~aia to in[reducr a Ee~~~ of t3ic c~ue~€ions [h:~c r,~n he rai~id

ai3~l a}~F~ro_~c1~~~ titatcan b~• €akc~~.l~thiii ~•ds~catir~R~,~l rcti~ar~ii lnd t1z~i~r}~: cu~ri,t~ium stt~c~i~•s' h~

to~~tr tt~ lac a sul,jcct arc:i i~~ [t~ o~~t~~ ri~;E~e c~~i ivl~iels tlic~'c i4 a l~r~;e Iiecrtti~ce; suinC «f`tleis liece;e~~~rc

is in dic ti~r~hrr rt~acEinr; hc~o~,l•.157u ~lu,uld rcicr tG, dye statcssii~~t o~ st.ii7tiur~s Eoey~ttn- enursc an~i

rliccl:l~oi4 t3tis ~mi~ cc~nrrit~nxcs taj yz~urprofcs5i~u~a) dcvt•Cc,pmrnt,

PI~RTHER RE~QIN~,

I~r~~tt:~ll, ~. a~~cl ~C~hi tc,.f, (2~7OC}t~} F3{rI! tlr~ Na~aN a~cuia~r~~1 G»t~eulrr~n G~~~~ r+p 1u its.~li"rtis? I:+au4ic~~s; T~Ititu:;a~}sy

cif Ecli4~aGinn Sncisty c~~~r4a[ 13ri~.~en~, A slioct ~?~r~lpl~l~t {Nt~. Ca in s srrics callyd 1~4'lt'A~.; ~~ ~~diiclZ

C~~~4Pk ~1! 4Y~9~tf 1CIit~~ iJf t~1C ~`t}71t41tt n~ tilt ~1~tic)~~~ C t~ttlt.tt~lltfI 1tI $~1~ j~i;~~t ~~(i~~135S~t! ,11117._t', Y~14~1~I1t~

~e~t~ts: sceptical ec~~~e3t~si~~t~ al~uut s~txt~ cif die tri~diti~~tt31 subjects.

I.atF~~si, I~. { lz)fltz) Lit}'ut~~t 11t~?~~~tiv~~cr~~ i~rrritrltiar~t; 7~~rcl~erl~ru,~~ai~~r~ralssr~a ar~at l~~r~~,i~-ertt~errt. ~r~c~n~;~l~:

! IUtE~I~;r atici Stat~s~ItRczc~. ~=res~n c~r~~: tyE tl~e rrr:~jc~r liricsh ~~Eitnbi~tc~rs tc~ ektrri~ulunr xtaclic, tt~i~ as

tlz~ tit@~ itla}~lies ct~n~idars nc~f~usc the Nati~ii~t C;LYr~ieislnn3, gut l~o~v tli~ eurrie~~ll~~n ~inpi€~~es ~i~

te~s;l~ir~ and hc~e~~ tc ecl~c~s cast bc~ irevotvcd in c~~rrisk~Ctt~t~ pla~~~iing.

L~il~i~te~,~. (e€!.~ ~~O(1~~ ~tc~tt+~inkrr~~ rhG ~:~lta~~{ ~rr~ri~~rGrr~f: (°~Pt~~~r t1ii~~c,yr~t! I~rrr~t?~:,, L~~~~~~: Ttr>aclt~~

F~1~u~r. Tlt~ ~r~t tt~~o el~apter~ end the c~itclusic~n a~ at~s~ut the ril~ii~~ul~i~a b~~vcin ~i~r7s and

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