Scalable FLNG for Moderate Metocean Environments

R M Shivers – LoneStar FLNG

FLNG Design/Operation Considerations

• Size & Complexity of Plant

• Hydrocarbon Inventory & Safety Systems

• LNG Offloading & Operating Seastates

• Cargo Sloshing & Extreme Seastates

• Project Cost/Schedule/Riskex

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WellsProduction

Process

Gas

TreatmentLiquefaction Storage Offloading Shipping

Mark

et

“Integrated” Process/Liquefaction Vessel

- many functions on single vessel (not an FPSO)

- unwieldy size, limited construction sites

- drive cost higher and increases “riskex”

- unsatisfactory solutions for LNG transfer offshore

Typical FLNG Configuration: Integrated FLNG Vessel

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FLNG: Other Considerations

• Cost Effective Drilling/Completion/Workover?

• Subsea Architecture

• Exposure to Cyclonic Storms?

• Generic Design/Residual Value for Relocation

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Wells Production

Process

Gas

TreatmentLiquefaction Storage Offloading Shipping

FLNG

VesselProduction

Vessel

LNG Shuttle

Tanker

Site Specific Generic Generic

Reserv

oir

Mark

et

Wells Production

Process

Gas

Treatment Liquefaction Storage Offloading Shipping

Mark

et

Reserv

oir

Flexibles

/Buoy

Production

Vessel

Liquefaction/Shuttle

Tanker

Site Specific Generic

Flexibles

& Turret

Split FLNG Configuration: Segregate Production & Liquefaction

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Wells Production

Process

Gas

Treatment

Reserv

oir

Production Vessel

Site Specific

Split FLNG Configuration: Upstream Host Facility

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Conventional Production Facility

Primary Separation & Compression

Condensate Stabilization/Storage/Offloading

Produced Water Treatment/Discharge

Power Generation & Process Utilities

Accommodations & Safety Systems

Subsea Risers & Mooring System

+ Gas Treatment to LNG Standard

Acid Gas Removal

Mole Sieve Dehydration (replaces Glycol Dehydration)

Hydrocarbon Dewpointing/C5+ Removal

London Sept 2016

Liquefaction Storage Offloading Shipping

Mark

et

Liquefaction/Shuttle

Tanker

Generic

Split FLNG Configuration: Generic FLNG Vessel

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Conventional Moss LNG Vessel

LNG Tanks & Cargo Handling System

DFDE Power Gen & Propulsion

Accommodation & Ship Utilities

+ Gas Import/Liquefaction

Liquefaction Module

Liquefaction Power (supplemental to Propulsion Power)

Turret/Riser (disconnectable)

London Sept 2016

LNG Ship Conversion to FLNG

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Mid-Ship Liquefaction Assembly

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+ 8 m Level

DFDE Engine/Gensets

4 x 18 MW

Mid-Ship Liquefaction Assembly

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+ 17 m Level

Control Room

& Switchgear

Mid-Ship Liquefaction Assembly

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+ 22 m Level

VFD’s & Transformers

Mid-Ship Liquefaction Assembly

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+ 27 m Level

Main Deck

Mid-Ship Liquefaction Assembly

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Liquefaction Module: Lower Deck

Mid-Ship Liquefaction Assembly

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Liquefaction Module: Mezzanine Deck

HOFIM Compressor

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Flare

HP Compressor LP Compressor

Coupling Coupling

Coupling

Motor Gearbox Shaft Seals

Conventional train configuration

MOPICO® / HOFIM™

HP Compressor Motor LP Compressor

+ No lube oil system

+ No shaft seals, no seal system

Flar

e/v

en

t

Reduced footprint / smaller motor

+ No gearbox,

Mid-Ship Liquefaction Assembly

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Liquefaction Module: Upper Deck

Mid-Ship Liquefaction Assembly Cross Section

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Liquefaction/Storage/Shuttling Vessel

155,000 M3 x 2 MTA Capacity

Standard Moss LNG Carrier

Dual Fuel Diesel Electric Drive

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Liquefaction/Storage/Shuttling Vessel

155,000 M3 x 2 MTA Capacity

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Liquefaction Process Optimization

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Liquefaction Process

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Dual N2 Liquefaction w/High Speed Electric Compressors

• Compact/Lightweight

• Safety Benefits

• Refrigerant Makeup

• Operability/Restart/Maintenance

• Proven Track Record on LNG Carriers

London Sept 16

Liquefaction Process

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Dual N2 Liquefaction w/High Speed Electric Compressors

• Compact/Lightweight

• Safety Benefits

• Refrigerant Makeup

• Operability/Restart/Maintenance

• Proven Track Record on LNG Carriers

• Process Efficiency/Auto-consumption

• Lack of Large Scale Plants

London Sept 16

N2 Dual Exp Liquefaction: Unit Power (KW-hr/Tonne)

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Seawater Temp vs Depth

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N2 Dual Exp Liquefaction: Unit Power (KW-hr/Tonne)

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Liquefaction Process – Driver Efficiency

Fuel Gas Consumption = (KW-hr/tonne) / Engine Efficiency

Steam Gas Duel Fuel Diesel Engine

Turbine Turbine Standard w/WHRU

Prime Mover 49% 52.5%

Alternator/Switchgear 2.2% 2.2%

Transformers/VFD 3.0% 3.0%

Drive Motor 5.4% 5.4%

Net Efficiency 30% 38% 44% 47%

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Comparison w/Mixed Refrigerants – Fuel Gas Consumption

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

Optimized N2 - DFDE SMR - Gas Turbine DMR - Gas Turbine

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Liquefaction Process

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Dual N2 Liquefaction w/High Speed Electric Compressors

• Compact/Lightweight

• Safety Benefits

• Refrigerant Makeup

• Operability/Restart/Maintenance

• Proven Track Record on LNG Carriers

• Process Efficiency/Auto-consumptionProcess Improvements/Prime Mover Selection

• Lack of Large Scale PlantsExperience with ASU’s.

London Sept 16

• “Off the Shelf”, Standard Design

• Provides LNG Storage/Cargo Handling

• Provides Accommodation/Power/Propulsion

• Built by 3 – 4 Shipyards

• Predictable Delivery Schedule

• Predictable Build Cost

Liquefaction Vessel is Conversion of Moss Carrier

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• Vessel is Classed as Ship

• Vessel is Flagged as Ship

• Vessel is Crewed like Ship

• Vessel can Dry Dock for major repairs like Ship

Liquefaction Vessel is Ship, not Production Vessel

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Utilize Standard, Generic Liquefaction Vessel

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Select Site Specific Upstream Host Facility

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Development Case Studies

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Upstream Host: Gas Treat Platform

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Membranes for Bulk CO2 Removal

Upstream Host Facilitiy: Drill/Prod Platform & Tender

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Split Arrangement Versatility: Fixed Platforms & FLNG

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Split Arrangement Versatility: Fixed Platforms & FLNG

Upstream Host Facility: TLP & Semi Tender

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Split Arrangement Versatility: TLP Layout

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300 MMSCFPD/9 Well SlotsMembranes for Bulk CO2 Removal

Split Arrangement Versatility: TLP – W Australia

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Offloading & DP Conversion

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Tug Derating vs Hs

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DP Conversion of Standard Moss LNGC

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Retractable Azimuthing

Thrusters

44

3 x 20 in Floating LNG Hoses

Moss LNG Carrier – DP2 Envelope

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LNG DP2 Stationkeeping: Time Domain Simulation

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Offloading BOG Rates: 3 x 20 in Hoses

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0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Transfer Rate: m3/hr

Side by Side: 120 m2 Tandem - Bow: 180 m Tandem - Midship: 300 m

Offloading BOG Rates: 3 x 20 in Hoses

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0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Transfer Rate: m3/hr

Side by Side: 120 m Side by Side: 120 m2 Tandem - Bow: 180 m

Tandem - Midship: 300 m Reliq Capy

Summary

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FLNG Field Development Unit Costs: $/MCF

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$0.00

$0.50

$1.00

$1.50

$2.00

$2.50

$3.00

$3.50

$4.00

$4.50

$5.00

Highest Lowest Portfolio Ave

Portfolio of 7 Fields in Australia & W Africa

Pre-FID Upstream Capex Midstream Capex

Finance Upstream Opex Midstream Opex

• Well Costs & Operations- Choose fixed vs. Floating production host as required

• Liquefaction System- Optimized Dual N2 Expansion: Safe, Compact, Lightweight, Efficient

• LNG Offloading- LNG transfer to DP2 Shuttle using Floating Hoses

• Generic Design/Residual Value- Field Specific factors only affect FPSO; Liquefaction vessels are generic

• Project Execution Factors- Standard Hulls; multiple shipyards. - Modular Topsides; multiple parallel construction

Addressing the Real Concerns

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