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Challenges of

Implementing a RabiesProgram in Haiti

Kelly Crowdis, DVM

Christian Veterinary Mission, Haiti

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Brief History of Veterinary Medicine

in Haiti

First Veterinarian 1950

Prior to 2006 less than 15 licensedveterinarians

Endemic Diseases

Anthrax, Classical Swine Fever, Rabies,Newcastle, Teschens Disease

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History of Rabies in Haiti

1788 mentioned in memoirs of Jean

Lompardieu Lapole

1920s first rabies vaccinations given byUS military

Laws Pertaining to Rabies

1926: control of loose dogs 1954: Public Hygiene Code, Bellerive

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History of Rabies in Haiti

1991 accord between MSPP and

MARNDR to promote a program against

zoonotic diseases Ministry of Public Health: control of stay/wild

animals and people who have been bitten

Ministry of Agriculture: control of vaccination

programs and diganostics

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World Rabies Day

2006 29 human cases of rabies reported in theAmericas, 11 from Haiti

2007 Haiti decides to fight against rabies

Celebration of World Rabies Day (September 11,2007)

Sponsors: PAHO/WHO

Brasil, MARNDR andMSPP

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Technical Cooperation Among

Countries Financing

PAHO/WHO

Rabies Vaccine 500,000 doses Brazil

(2008-2009)

Vaccination

Campaign Brazil, Canada,

Cuba,

Domincan Republic

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Principal Components of the

Campaign Against Rabies

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Public Awareness Campaign

Public Service

Messages

Radio/Television Posters/Flyers

Education of

Farmer/WomensGroups

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Survellance and Diagnostics

Vilgilance intrapping wild/straydogs

Survey bat andmongoosepopulations forpresence of rabies

Canine Census Better diagnostic

capabilites HSI New

Fluroscent Scope CDC dRIT Test

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Symptoms of

Rabies

SampleCollection

Treatment of

people andanimals bittenby a rabid

animal

Continuing Education

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Species Of Animals Most Commonly

Infected With Rabies Virus

Domestic Animals

Dogs, cats, goats,

pigs, rabbits,

equids

Wild Animals

Bats, mongoose

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Vectors And Resivoirs Of Rabies In

Haiti

Dogs: most common vector and resivoir

Bats: 2001-02 study of bats in Port AuPrince showed a 7.1% infecton rate

Mongoose present since Colonial times,

imported to keep snakes out of the canefields

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Realities Cultural, Logistical,

Political

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Principaux foyers de Rage en Hati

PHANORD Simon, Ing Agr, Msc / September 2007

Capotille

Carrefour

Port au Prince

Desdunes

Anse Rouge

Marchand Dessalines

Jacmel

Limb

Marigot

Thiotte

Aquin

Camp Perrin

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Control of wild/stray dogs

Castration of male dogs

Identification of vaccinated animals

Humane elimination of suspected cases of

rabies in wild/stray dogs

Public information campaign about animal

welfare and taking care of dogs

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Results of Rabies Campaigns

Since 1995

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Vaccination Campaigans

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Vaccination Campaigns Prior to

2007

Irregular and sporadic

Little to no public awareness No control of wild/stray animals

Little to no governmental or NGO

involvment in vaccinationcampaigns or public health aspectof rabies control

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Rsultats de la campagne de

vaccination antirabique en Hati (1995-

2008)

58,12271,000

196,798

4,426

59788

162,247

248,107

355545

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

1995

-1996

1996

-1997

1997

-1998

1998

-1999

1999

-2000

2000

-2001

2001

-2002

2002

-2003

2003

-2004

2004

-2005

2005

-2006

2006

-2007

2007-

2008

Exercice fiscal

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Vaccination Results2009-10

421,501 dogs and cats vaccinated

ARCH 7,393

US Army 43rd Detachment and

CVM 10,342

2011 no vaccinations

given to date

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Human Rabies Cases Reported

2006 = 11 confirmed

2007 = 6 confirmed2008 = 4 confirmed

2009 = 3 confirmed

2010 = 5+ unconfirmed2011 = 5+ 1 confirmed

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