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Fire extinguisher

By :

Hamad Said Hanaf

Andalas University

Padang

2016

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Fire extinguisher

A fire extinguisher, or extinguisher, is an active fire protection dto extinguish or control small fires

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There are two main types of fire extingu

1. stored-pressure2. artridge-operated

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stored-pressure

the expellant is stored in the same chamber as the firefigagent itself. Depending on the agent used, different prop

are used. With dry chemical extinguishers, nitrogen is ty

used; water and foam extinguishers typically use air. to

pressure fire extinguishers are the most common type

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cartridge-operated

! "artridge-operated extinguishers contain the expellant separate cartridge that is punctured prior to discharge, the propellant to the extinguishing agent.these extinguiuse compressed carbon dioxide instead of nitrogen, altnitrogen cartridges are used on low temperature #-$% ramodels. "artridge operated extinguishers are availablechemical and dry powder types in the '.. and in wateagent, foam, dry chemical #classes A(" and (.".&, andpowder #class D& types in the rest of the world

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Australia and )ew *ealand tand

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'nited +ingdom tandard

!A fires involve organic solids such as paper and wood! ( fires involve flammable or combustible liuids, inclu

petrol, grease, and oil.

! " fires involve flammable gases

! D fires involve combustible metals

! fires involve electrical euipment/appliances

! 0 fires involve coo1ing fat and oil

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United States Standard

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Types of extinguishing agent

! Dry chemical! Foams

! Water

! Class D

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Dry "hemical

This is a powder based agent that extinguishes by sethe four parts of the fire tetrahedron. 2t prevents the chem

reactions involving heat, fuel, and oxygen and halts the

production of fire sustaining 3free-radicals3, thus extingu

fire

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Foams

Applied to fuel fires as either an aspirated #mixed and

expanded with air in a branch pipe& or nonaspirated form

a frothy blan1et or seal over the fuel, preventing oxygen

it. 'nli1e powder, foam can be used to progressively ext

fires without flashbac1.

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Water

"ools burning material. 4ery effective against fires in fabrics, etc. #including deep seated fires&, but can be saf

only in the absence of electricity.

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Class D

There are several class D fire extinguisher agents avasome will handle multiple types of metals, others will not

odium "hloride.

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Maintenance

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'+ tandard

! Basi Servie! !"tended Servie

! #ver$aul

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'A tandard

! %aintane &nspetion! &nternal %aintane

! Hydrostati 'esting