Date post: | 14-Apr-2017 |
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Drugs in the Radiology Department
original simple medicinal substance.
What is a Drug?:
drug vs medicine
Drugs in the Radiology Department
drug categories of in the Radiology :
1. Preparation drugs.
2. Contrast media.
3. Resuscitation drugs.
Nomenclature:Method of classification
Drugs in the Radiology DepartmentForms• Tablet • Capsule• Inhalation
• Suppository• Solution• Suspension• Transdermal patch
Routes of Administration• Oral / Sublingual• Inhalation• Transdermal (Patch / Topical
Cream / Ointment)
• Parenteral (injection)• Intramuscular• Subcutaneous• Intravenous
•Rectal
1.Checking the medication( date, name, strength, time, route, duration & refills) or(Right Drug/ Amount /Patient / time / rout)
2.Preparing the medication.
3.Checking the patient identification.
4.Reassuring the patient.
5.Assisting the Radiologist with administration.
6.Monitoring patient's progress post
administration.
Role of the Radiographer in drug administration-:
It is important to remember that the Radiologist will
•Select the drug & Dosage
•Determine the route of administration
Poisons and Dangerous DrugsPoisons Drugs:
All drugs are considered poisonous if not indicated or the dose is higher than neededDangerous DrugsDrugs controlled by “Dangerous Drugs Act “DDA". They cause addiction or habit forming. Such as:Morphine, Pethidine, Opium, HeroinThey are kept locked in a DDA box and the
key is kept with the person in-charge of that area
Preparation Drugs used to prepare patients before radiographic examination
Aperients and Suppositories:• a. Castrol oil• b. Dulcolax, Bisacdoyl• d. Liquid paraffin• e. Magnesium sulphate. Sedative:• a. Pethidine.• b. Morphine• c. Scopolamine• d. Omnopon.
Local Anestheticsa. Lignocaine 2% and 1%b. Xylocaine 2% gel.c. Sodium pentothal.d. Lignocaine hyd. 4% spray.e. Amethocaine 1%
Analgesics:a. Panadole b.profen c. Aspirin.
Skin Cleansing lotions:a. Surgical spirit.b. Savlonc. Hibitane .05%
• Radiolucent (negative)–low (Z) - Allows XR photons to pass
• Radiopaque (positive)– positive - High (Z) - Absorbs XR photons
Contrast Media in Radiology
Purpose :To Visualize anatomic detail
Read the history,
Contrast Media in Radiology
Positive Vs Negative
– Barium– Iodine– Gadolinium
– Air– Oxygen– Carbon Dioxide– Nitrous Oxide
Positive Contrast Media
Based on these materials with high atomic number
• Barium z56
• Iodine z53
• Gadolinium z64
Atomic number of AirAir is mostly Nitrogen & Oxygen 78% is Nitrogen (atomic number Z 7)21% Oxygen (atomic number Z 8)
There are trace of Argon and Carbon Dioxide, Methane and Water vapor (humidity)The effective Z of air is 7.372754 ( dependent on temperature and humidity)
Negative Contrast Media
Resuscitation Drugs(Anti-reactional drugs):
1. Adrenaline: Raises the blood pressure and increase cardiac output.2. Benadryl: Stimulates and restore.3. Aminophylline stimulates the vascular tissue of the heart.4. Calcium chloride Restores the heart tone and has an enhanced effect when used in conjunction with adrenaline.5. Corticosteroids: Reduces allergic reactions.6. Nikethamide : A respiratory stimulant.7. Methedrine: 8. Indra: Decreases cardiac excitability9. Lignocaine 2%10. Phenergan and antihistamines Reduces allergic reactions in the body11. Sparine12. Pentothal : An intravenous anesthetic.
Some of the drugs used to Resuscitate a person who has his vital signs compromised or has developed a reaction to another drug or contrast media drugs):
Storage of drugs
1. All the drugs must be kept in separate cupboards according to their usage.
2. Drugs given orally and injections must not be mixed up with cleansing lotions.
3. The drugs labels must be clear and readable.
4. The store-room should be well lit.
5. The temperature of the store-room should be refrigerated temperature.
6. All the contrast media must be kept in a separate cupboard and in a separate container according to their name and percentage.
7. Cupboard should be marked with "Contrast Media".
8. Anti-reaction drugs should be kept; also in separate cupboard and in a separate containers according to their names.
9. All the drugs must be kept under lock and key must be kept with senior radiographer.
Storage of drugs