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Weather Forecasting
The National Weather Service counts on two sources for information:
RadarWeather Balloon
•Data collected from the atmosphere•Data collected from the Earth’s surface
In order to forecast the weather, meteorologists make measurements of:temperature
windsair pressurehumidityprecipitation
Instruments used to measure precipitation:
Snow GaugeRain Gauge
Instrument used to measure temperature:
Thermometers
Instrument used to measure humidity:
Psychrometer
Instrument used to measure wind speed
Anemometer
Instrument used to measure wind direction:
Wind Vane
Instrument used to measure air pressure:
Barometer
When meteorologists gather up data, it is recorded on a map using a combination of symbols, forming a STATION MODEL.
Isobars are lines that connect equal atmospheric pressure .
These lines show the areas of high and low pressure.
Air flows in a clock-
wise direction
on the surface of the Earth.
Cold, dense air sinks to
the surface of the Earth. Airs flows in
a counter clock-wise
direction at the surface
of the Earth.
LWarm, less dense air
rises forming clouds
Pressure Changes with Temperature
Pressure Gradients•There are many areas of high and low pressure above the Earth’s surface due to uneven surface heating creating pressure gradients.
Air moves from high pressure to low pressure forming winds.
•The closer the isobars, the stronger, the winds blow.•The more spread out the isobars, the gentler the winds.
Fronts are draw as lines and symbols.
Stationary Front
Occluded FrontWarm Front
Cold Front
HHigh Pressure
LLow Pressure
45°C
28°C
29°C
25°C
40°C
Which direction is the warm front moving?
What will happen to the weather in Denton?
Airs flows in a counter clock-wise direction at the surface of the Earth.
LWarm, less dense air
rises forming clouds
Air flows in a clock-wise
direction on the surface of
the Earth.
Cold, dense air sinks to the surface
of the Earth.
STATION MODEL is created when data that is collected is recorded on a map using a combination of symbols.
There are many areas of high and low pressure above the Earth’s surface due to uneven surface heating creating pressure gradients.
Air moves from high pressure to low pressure forming winds.
Air flows in a clock-wise direction on the surface of the Earth in High Pressure areas.
Airs flows in a counter clock-wise direction at the surface of the Earth in Low Pressure areas.
Symbols for Fronts
Cold, dense air sinks to the surface of the Earth forming.Warm, less dense air rises forming clouds
The closer the isobars, the stronger the winds blow.The more spread out the isobars the gentler the winds.
Isobars are lines that connect equal atmospheric pressure .