www.thalesgroup.com

Radar/Lidar Sensors SESAR XP1 Trials at CDG airport

WakeNet-USA17-18 October 2012Boeing, Seattle, USA

2 /2 Agenda

SESAR P12.2.2 overview Organization

Development plan

Planning and Milestones

System View

Sensors for Wake-Vortex Hazards Mitigation on Airport : SESAR sensors trials at CDG Airport XP0 setup and main recommendations

XP1 setup and initial results

Complementary activities: FP7 Ultra-Fast Wind Sensor for Wake Vortex Hazard Mitigation project

3 /3

WP6.8.1

WP12.2.2

12.2.2 Project, Team & Interfaces

Runway Wake Vortex Detection, Prediction and Decision Support Tools

12.2.2 executed in tight interaction with 6.8.1 operational project

4 /4 Project 12.2.2 Phased Development Plan

Wake Vortex Decision Support System is built in three iterative phases dealing with the three steps of the SESAR Concept Story Board

TBS (Time Based Separation) step 1 Acquisition and processing of information about position, strength and behavior of

wake vortex in case of significant headwind

WDS (Weather Dependant Separation) step 2 Real time assessment of wake vortex position, strength; and prediction of wake

vortex behavior to allow separation reduction; depending on weather conditions

PWS (Pair Wise Separation) step 3 Demonstration of the system capacity to dynamically deliver separation per aircraft

pairs; requires aircraft characteristics database (generation of wake vortex, sensitivity to wake vortex). Customization to different airports and runways configurations

WVDSS is an enabler for validation of operational conceptWVDSS pragmatic & iterative developmentWVDSS able to optimize runways throughput and reduce delays on different kind of airports as well as to be adapted to several runway configurations

5 /5

2010-2012 2013-2014 2015-2016

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3

Data acquisition:Sensors

Benchmark(CDG )

Partial prototype: Off-Line demonstration

Time Based Separation(CDG )

Full scale prototype: Shadow Mode

Weather Dependant Separation(CDG )

WV sensors : X-band radar (mech scan)1.5 m Lidar 2 m Lidars

Weather Sensors : Ultrasonic Anemometers Lidar Wind Profiler UHF Radar Wind Profiler SODAR X-band weather radar

WVAS System : Separation Mode Planner Wake Vortex Predictors WV Alerts Operator MMIWV sensors : X-band radar (Electronic scan) selected LidarWeather Sensors : Selected Wind profiling sensors

Full scale updated prototype: Shadow Mode

Pair Wise Separation( Frankfurt )

WVAS System : Separation Mode Planner Wake Vortex Predictors WV Alerts Operator MMIWV sensors : X-band radar (elec scan) selected LidarWeather Sensors : Selected Wind profiling sensors

WVAS System : Separation Mode Planner Wake Vortex Predictors WV Alerts Operator MMIWV sensors : X-band radar (elec scan) selected LidarWeather Sensors : Selected Wind profiling sensors

XP0Trials

Full scale simulation model

XP2Trials

XP3Trials

Model calibration & validationXP1

Trials

Deployment at CdG of 12.2.2 phase 1 prototype in September, 2012

Global Planning

Sept Oct2012

6 /6 WVDSS Architecture for Phase 1 and beyond

Global system

DART

CMD

Meteo Centre

Wake Vortex Decision Support System

Anemometers

Weather LIDAR

UHF Wind Profiler

SODAR/RASS

X Band Radar

1.5 m LIDAR

Local Meteo Sensors

External Weather M

eteo Observation

HMI

ATC & AirportSystems

Aircraft Characteristics + 4D trajectory

Weather Data Cube Supervisor

Tower

Approach

MHRPS

Turbulences Calculation

Local Weather Nowcast & Forecast

(Wake Vortex AdvisorySystem SMP)

Input / Output

Separation Mode Planner

-6

INT -

Lidar Front-End

Lidar Wake Processing

Radar Front-End

Radar WakeProcessing

Wake Plots

Tracking

Wake Vortex Sensors

Electronic-scan Radar1.5 m WV Lidar

Weather Data Cube

SWIM

WVAS_SMP

Wake Vortex Predictor

(Wake Vortex AdvisorySystem MA)

Input / Output

Monitoring & Alerting

WVAS_MA

WVAS

SWIM

SWIM

1

1Depending on WVAS location I.e. Approach only, Tower & Approach, SWIM may be used

7 /7 Simulation Platform - Test platform overview

Wake Vortex Sensors

Simulator

Wake Vortex Generator Approach

Tower

HMI

Supervisor

Proposed separation mode and minima

Wake Vortex Advisory System

Meteo Data

Traffic Data

WVAdvices

Radar Simulator

Separation mode and

minima selection

WV Separation

Advices

Wake VortexLocation/Strength

Monitoring & Control

Virtual Weather Data Generator

Wake Vortex Tracker & Wake Vortex Advisory System

Tracking

Air Traffic Generator

TechnicalHMI

Display Analyze

Lidar Simulator

Test Tools

Technical Supervision Off-Line / Analysis+ FoM

DART

CMD

8 /8 Technical Controller HMI

9 /9 Optimal Deployment of Wake-Vortex Radar Sensors at CDG

4 areas : 2 CSPR x 2 operations mode for take-off/landing

XP0 TRIALS

XP1 TRIALS

10 /10 SESAR P12.2.2.: XP0 Sensors Deployment at CDG Airport

Wake Vortex X-band Radar

Wake Vortex & Wind 1.5 mm Lidar Scanner

Sodar UFR Radar Wind Profiler

Anemometers Visibility

1.5 mm Lidar Wind Profiler

Wake Vortex X-band Radar

UFR Radar Wind ProfilerWake Vortex

1.5 mm Radar Scanner

Meteo-FranceC-band Radar

11 /11

Wake-Vortex Sensors Requirement Recommendations

Thanks to XP0 results, it has been demonstrated that, in high altitudes, wake vortex behavior, being affected only by the wind, is predictable. out of ground effect, wake vortex predictors will be able to compute wake vortex behavior based

on theoretical models.

They need as input an accurate wind speed and direction.

In these areas, no wake vortex monitoring sensor is recommended. On the opposite, close to the ground, where wake vortex behavior is affected

by IGE, sensor-based wake vortex monitoring is mandatory. sensors scanning domain must be large enough to cover both landing & take-off.

the best sensors position is demonstrated to be sideways, few hundred meters upstream from the touch down area.

Conclusion of XP0 Trials for Wake-Vortex Sensors

Out of Ground Effect In Ground Effect

Left Vortex Right Vortex

12 /12

Wake-Vortex Sensors Recommendations

The main results were convincing in terms of wake vortex detection: Most of wake vortices were detected in both critical areas The detection range has been demonstrated to be over the detection needs. wake vortex was detected as long as it was in the sensor scanning domain, except for some

cases where detection algorithms must be tuned.

Results show that RADAR and LIDAR are complementary depending on weather conditions: X-band RADAR performances are optimal under humid conditions LIDAR performances are optimal in dry air.

Nevertheless, some improvements have to be done on these sensors to reach the performances needed by an operational system: Update rate needed to scan the Wake-Vortex 3D volume should be around 10 s. This capacity is

already available for LIDAR, but should be developed for RADAR by Electronic scanning A gap in data availability has been observed in particular weather conditions, after rain when air

has been cleaned from aerosols. Thus, the RADAR power budget must be increased in order for it to detect wake vortices in the whole domain where LIDAR data are not available.

These development were already planned within the project. Thus, the campaign results confirm the theoretical analysis.

Conclusion of XP0 Trials for Wake-Vortex Sensors

13 /13 XP1 Sensors deployment at Paris CDG Airport : Sept.-Oct. 2012

Wind Profiler PCL1300Lat.= 49 0'20.00"N

Long.= 244'25.00"E

Windcube 200s LidarCoordinates:

Lat.= 49 00' 06.10" N Long.= 2 36' 11.20" E

E-scan Wake-Vortex radarCoordinates

Lat.= 49 00 16.00N Long.=2 36 28.00E Weather X-band radar

CoordinatesLat.= 49 00 16.00N Long.=2 36 25.30E

Observation Sector: Weather radar

Measurement plans (3):LIDAR (340m)

Observation Sector: WV radar (860m)

A new multifunction X-band Radar with Electronic scanning capability is deployed for simultaneoulsy : Monitor Wake-Vortex close to the

runways

Assess Wind/EDR in the glide and around the airport

HIGH POWER(Solid State GaN Emitters)ELECTRONIC SCANNING

RADAR

14 /14 Wake Vortex Radar processing: A380 [clear air]

A380 passing

Vortex 1

Vortex 2

inversion of radial velocities

Recording: 2012/09/21initial vortices separation ~80 m

m/s

m/s

30 s after A380 passing

Zoom: range/doppler map

WV Detection plots

15 /15 UFO Goals

Safety margin of Wake-Vortex Separations are dependent of Wind assessment accuracy

UFO will improve the update rate and the accuracy of Wind assessment: to optimize this Safety Margin to generate Alert in case of abrupt wind changes

UFO will study dedicated Wind sensors compliant with future Airport Weather operations requirements

NOTA : Last ICAO recommendations for Wake-Turbulence hazards mitigation on Airport promote the use of X-band Radar (with Lidar). In ICAO 2012 Working Document for the Aviation System Block Upgrades, THE FRAMEWORK FOR GLOBAL HARMONIZATION, issued 17 JULY 2012 (http://www.icao.int/Meetings/anconf12/Documents/ASBU.en.july%202012.pdf ), we can read in Annexe A on Module N B1-70 (Increased Runway Throughput through Dynamic Wake Turbulence Separation) : This capability will be provided by a combination of X-band radar and Lidar scanner technology. This new standard, readiness is scheduled by ICAO to be applicable as soon as 2018.

UltraFast wind sensOrs for wake-vortex hazards mitigation

16 /16

Thales Air Systems 29th of February 2012

FP7 UFO Study: Sensors Calibration with Airborne Measures

Landing

ADS-B/Mode S Downlink of MET Data

(from experimental aircraft with Wind/EDR

probes)Experimental aircraft

with MET probes& ADS-B Emulator

1.5 micron 3D Scanner Lidar (W200S , Leosphere) E-scan X-band Radar

(THALES)

GPS

Inertial-navigation

Temperature,Humidity

Airspeed-VectorRadaraltimeter

Airspeed-Vector

Airspeed-Vector

Airspeed-Vector

4D High Resolution Model of Convective Boundary Layer

< 1500 m

17 /17 QUESTIONS

BOEING B747-8

AIRBUS A380