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PHYSIO HARCON 2016
RADHAKRISHAN AUDITORIUM
Mahrshi Dayanand University, Rohtak
1ST
National Conference of Physiotherapist
by
24th
& 25th
September 2016
Haryana chartered Association of Physiotherapist
Recent Trends & Advances in Field of Physiotherapy
Haryana chartered Association of Physiotherapist
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HCAP mission is to:
Maximize patient satisfaction through interaction with our employees, clinical outcomes and the overall therapy experience.
Promote an environment where all employees are valued team members and employees can develop and excel beyond their expectations.
Build relationships in our communities based on the highest levels of clinical care and performance.
Commit to local market clinical leadership and share accountability to drive our mission.
Operate within the highest standards of regulatory compliance and integrity not only to meet the requirements of our professions, but because each are foundations of our culture.
Be leaders and innovators in evidence-based practice in outpatient rehabilitation, orthotics, and prosthetics.
Haryana chartered Association of Physiotherapist is a registered body in india (Establish under act
21 of 1860 Haryana & Punjab amendment act -1957) The body is controlled by the board of
elected office bearers, which included President, Secretary, Treasurer and various co-ordinator
to montior various activities of the HCAP. All the founder members of the society shall continue
to be life members of the society and will the permanent members of the society.
H.C.A.P Aims & Objectives The governing body with its executive members of H.C.A.P. always aims to operate with a main motivation of proving extra support and health awareness with fair practice of the physiotherapy profession. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF H.C.A.P
1. To improve the quality of physiotherapy profession. 2. To co-ordinate the physiotherapists. 3. To improve the education standards of college level. 4. To maintain a Record of different categories of the H.C.A.P. in separate registers. 5. To set and ensure the ethical professional practices and promote high professional
standards of independent practice of physiotherapy by the members of the H.C.A.P. 6. Work for the awareness of role of physiotherapy in the medical field. 7. To organize and provide for continuing medical education programs for the members. 8. To promote Scientific Research and technology in Physiotherapy and related areas to
enhance the status of Physiotherapy profession. 9. To resist the fake practice in the field of physiotherapy by creating awareness 10. To represent the Physiotherapists at meetings, Conferences convened by any
professional, Governmental and other organizations, national and international. 11. To watch and advise Government / Organizations and NGOs on policy matters affecting
the development and practice of Physiotherapy. To advise and assist Government to establish statutory council for the profession of Physiotherapy in the country.
12. To procure the services in advisory capacity of eminent persons either by remuneration in cash or kind or in any capacity
13. To provide a platform for the fresher & work for the immigration of the physiotherapists among the world. Including schools, colleges, institutions and academic institutions.
Haryana chartered Association of Physiotherapist
AT GLANCE
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PHYSIO HARCON 2016
1ST
National Conference of Physiotherapist
24th
& 25th
September 2016
Recent Trends & Advances in Field of Physiotherapy
After a grand Success of our PHYSIOFEST - 2013, 2014, 2015 regular three years. Now, we are going to organize PHYSIO HARCON -2016 1st National Conference on 24-25 September 2016 to celebrate & commemorate World Physiotherapy Day, with the blessings & support of you all physio fellows & our seniors with lots of informative lectures by our National & International speakers to upgrade our knowledge & skills. The Theme is: - Recent trends & advancement in the field of Physiotherapy.
Haryana chartered Association of Physiotherapist
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PHYSIO HARCON 2016
Dr. Dharam P. Pandey
Director & HOD Physiotherapy
BLK Super Speciality Hospital
Dr. Manish Arora
Principal Dept.. Of Physiotherapy
SBS PGI Dehradun (UK)
Dr. Narkeesh Arumugam
Dean Faculty of Medicine
Prof. Dept. Of Physiotherapy
Punjabi University, Patiala
Dr. Krishna N. Sharma
Dean St. Louis University
Cameroon (Central Africa)
Dr. Deepak Kumar Capri
Director
Capri Spine Clinic (Delhi)
Dr. Shagun Agrawal
Principal Dept. of Physiotherapy
IAMR, Ghaziabad (UP)
Dr. Vikrant Bhardwaj
HOD Dept. of Physiotherapy
Apollo Spectra Hospital (Delhi)
Dr. Prabhat Ranjan
Senior Physiotherapist
AIIMS (New Delhi)
Honorable Advisory
Organizing Committee
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MESSAGE
It’s give great pleasure to write this message and being associated with PHYSIO HARCON-2016. I am
very happy to know that this year PHYSIO HARCON-2016 the 1st national conference of physiotherapist
with theme Recent Trends & Advancements in the field of Physiotherapy will be held from 24th and25th
of September 2016 in Haryana.
It’s being now increasingly realized in India as well that physiotherapy science has become a major
science reducing social burden and enhancing quality of lives of our community. It is also true that
manpower training is a big bottleneck in the development of efficient rehabilitation services in the
region. The initiative taken by PHYSIO HARCON-2016 team would provide excellent platform for
exchange of scientific information, ideas and experiences for professionals working in the field of
physiotherapy.
As clinical health sciences - Physiotherapy has evolved as an equally important stream in healthcare
system across the world. This directly reflects on contribution of “Physiotherapeutic System of
Medicine” in today’s healthcare delivery system across the world. The 21st century era of life style
related & non-communication disorders which can be best managed and prevented by unique clinical
sciences of physiotherapy.
Our zeal to serve makes us pioneer in health care industry. It’s the ‘skill to work & will to serve’ which
makes physiotherapist a success in his endeavor to lessen the pain experienced by mankind. Our
specialty, not only lies in the quality of exclusive treatment we provide, but also the highly impressive
interpersonal skills possessed by us. Success has always been a prerogative of the hardworking and
always it has been proved to be true. Always remember learning is a never ending process; so, no
matter what, keep doing new things, enhancing your skills, engross yourself in researches, do
publications & presentations at various levels. A conference of this magnitude requires considerable
time, money and effort by all involved.
I wish all the best all the best to all the organizing committee member of conference for its grand
success and faculty/ participants to have a great interactive learning. I also extend my all support in
whatever possible way to make PHYSIO HARCON-2016 as an efficient platform to share knowledge.
Dharam P. Pandey
Dr. Dharam P. Pandey BPT; MPT (Neurology), PhD (Neurorehabilitation) COCMT (UK), DO (Spain) C/NDT, Bobath (IBITA) Doctor of Osteopathy (Spain) Basic NDT/Bobath Course (IBITA) Advance NDT/Bobath Course (NDTA, USA) Director & HOD (Physiotherapy) BLK Super Speciality Hospital
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MESSAGE
I am delighted to know that Haryana Chartered Association of Physiotherapist (Regd.) is
organizing PHYSIO HARCON -2016,1st national conference for the physiotherapists with the
theme of ”recent advancements in the field of physiotherapy” first time in Haryana on 24-25
sept.2016.
Physiotherapy, an indipandent self-regulated profession,play an important role in health care
delivery system not only treatment and management of various ailment like joints problems,
accidents, sports injuries, neuromuscular and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation etc. I hope the
deliberations and the outcome of the conference will be highly beneficial to all the
participants.
The importance of physiotherapy is well evident from pediatric to geriatric group & to deal
with locomoter and physical disability. The physiotherapy profession in India has distinguished
stats in health sector and has emerged as an important part of health system. I hope that latest
researcher & techniques discussed and displayed will be learned and practiced the delegates
will be useful in managing various disorders.
I wish grand success to the organizers and participants.
Prof.(Dr.) Manish Arora (PT) MPT(Sports) DO (Spain) PG Diploma in Osteopathy & Modified Chiropractic (Chang Mi) Principal, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Postgraduate Institute of Bio – Medical Sciences Balawala, Dehradun.
Prof.(Dr.) Manish Arora (PT) MPT(Sports) DO (Spain) PG Diploma in Osteopathy & Modified Chiropractic (Chang Mi) Principal, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Postgraduate Institute of Bio – Medical Sciences Balawala, Dehradun.
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MESSAGE
I am delighted to learn that PHYSIO HARCON -2016, 1st National conference for
Physiotherapists is being organized in Shri Radha Krishnan Auditorium, M.D.University, Rohtak
(Haryana) on 25-25 sept. 2016 & that a souvenir is being published on this occasion . The
theme chosen for the conference is excellent “Recent advancements in the field of
Physiotherapy”. Field of physiotherapy needs this thinking & a platform where every physio
can share his view, knowledge & join hand for professional benefits.
Organizing conference in this part of country is commendable job & Appreciate noble
endeavor of the minds behind this. Identifying the need of the time, this conference is
addressing the professional issues, a good development for profession. Hope we all will
replicate it.
I congratulate Dr. R. K. Mudgil (PT) President, Haryana Chartered Association of
Physiotherapist & all the pillars behind PHYSIO HARCON -2016 for providing a platform for
academic & professional interaction through this conference. I have no doubt that the
knowledge shared by the speakers will help the participants.
I extend my greetings and best wishes to organizers & all participants of the conference and
wish success in the mission of promoting physiotherapy profession in country.
Dr.Narkeesh Arumugam Professor Department of Physiotherapy Dean Faculty of Medicine Punjabi University Patiala Punjab India
Dr.Narkeesh Arumugam Professor Department of Physiotherapy Dean Faculty of Medicine Punjabi University Patiala Punjab India
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MESSAGE
It gives me immense pleasure that the Haryana Chartered Association of Physiotherapist
(Regd.) is organizing PHYSIO HARCON-2016, 1st National Conference for Physiotherapists.
I strongly believe that the deliberations of such scientific meetings and conferences with the
pioneers and budding talent in the pursuit of professional enhancement form the backbone of
every profession. There is a strong ned to appreciate and disseminate information about the
new advances. It is with such efforts that an excellent forum is available to attain the
objectives.
The conference not only is a platform for the professionals but also the society to appreciate
the wonders created by Physiotherapy in health care delivery.
It gives me immense pleasure to welcome you all on the conference and hope that everyone
has a magnificent experience.
Warm Regards
Dr.Shagun Aggrawal (PT) MPT (Sports) Doctor of Physical Therapy (Spain) Certificate in Osteopathy & Modified Chiropractic HOD, Deptt. Of Physiotherapy Institute of Applied Medicine & Research, Ghaziabad.
Dr.Shagun Aggrawal (PT) MPT (Sports) Doctor of Physical Therapy (Spain) Certificate in Osteopathy & Modified Chiropractic HOD, Deptt. Of Physiotherapy Institute of Applied Medicine & Research, Ghaziabad.
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WELCOME NOTE
Dear Participants,
Welcome to the first such a noteworthy conference at the land of Gods- Haryana. It is my
pleasure to welcome you as one of the advisors/patrons. The theme of this awe-inspiring
conference ‘recent trends and advancements in the field of physiotherapy’ reflects how
concerned the organizing committee is to lever up the profession. The lecturers and
presenters are ready to share their knowledge and skills, but how ready we are?
Physiotherapy education is higher education, and there are two integral components in higher
education i.e. research and outreach. The basic aim of this conference is to update and
upgrade the budding physiotherapists as well as the professionals. Here the responsibility of
the organizing committee ends and your responsibility starts. Your responsibility is to make
sure that the patients should be benefitted by the skills earned and the participants should
contribute to the research of the five Ws.
The success of this conference will not be noted by the number of participants attended, but
by the number of active participants who fulfill the criteria of research and outreach. So let’s
make this conference a tool to go an extra mile.
Best Wishes and Warm Welcome,
Dr. Krishna N. Sharma Dean: St. Louis University, Cameroon (Africa) Author: 120+ books (19 best sellers) 3 times world record holder.
Dr. Krishna N. Sharma Dean: St. Louis University, Cameroon (Africa) Author: 120+ books (19 best sellers) 3 times world record holder.
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Chairperson / President Message
Dear Colleagues,
On behalf of the organizing committee & Our association I welcome all the dignified speakers,
resource persons of pre & post workshops, participants, sponsors and media persons to the
PHYSIO HARCON -2016,1st National conference for physiotherapists.
Clinic health sciences –Physiotherapy has evolved as an equally important stream in healthcare
system across the world. This directly reflect on contribution of “Physiotherapeutic system of
Medicine “in today’s health care delivery system across the world. The 21st century era of life
style related & non –communication disorders which can be best managed and prevented by
unique clinical sciences of physiotherapy.
The conference is expected to provide more than 350 national & international delegates from
all over the country & abroad including clinician, academicians, policy makers and leading
name in profession, to exchange scientific information updates & research studies to inventing
new methods of minimizing the human suffering through physiotherapeutic system of
medicine applicable to every section of our society. This will not only strengthen our health
care delivery but also have an everlasting impact on our economy by substantially reducing
the loss of human work hours on account of the disease / disorder/trauma,
I wish again all the best of all the faculty /participants to have a great interactive learning. I
also extend my all support in whatever possible way to make PHYSIO HARCON -2016 as an
efficient national platform to share knowledge.
Dr.R.K.MUDGIL (PT) MPT (Ortho.) COCMT (UK) Assistant Professor, Jagan Nath University, NCR President, Haryana Chartered Association Of Physiotherapist (Regd.)
Dr.R.K.MUDGIL (PT) MPT (Ortho.) COCMT (UK) Assistant Professor, Jagan Nath University, NCR President, Haryana Chartered Association Of Physiotherapist (Regd.)
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Scientific Session Abstracts
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MANUAL HYPERINFLATION –TECHNIQUE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN RESPIRATORY
PHYSIOTHERAPY
DR. GEETANJALI Dept. Physiotherapy, PGIMS, Rohtak
Manual hyperinflation is a technique that provides a tidal volume greater than the Baseline volume and produces a turbulent flow that brings benefits such as improvement of static compliance of the respiratory system, increased oxygenation, mobilization of secretions, and recruitment of collapsed areas of lung. Four factors are considered important in performing the MH technique: the application of larger-than-normal VT breaths, use of a slow inspiratory flow rate, an inspiratory pause and a pressure manometer. In addition, the quick release of pressure on expiration leading to a rapid flow of air can simulate the effect of a cough. A variety of circuits are used for MHI, with some facilities using up to three different types of circuits , including reservoir bags attached to spring loaded valves (Mapleson C, Mapleson F, Magill) and silicone bags (Laerdal, Air Viva) . Mapleson C and/or Mapleson F circuits generated a higher expiratory flow rate flow rate, particularly at high levels of positive end expiratory pressure , which explains the increased amount of secretion clearance obtained with the Mapleson C as compared to the Laerdal circuit. Physiotherapists use MHI to reverse or prevent loss of lung volume. One of the main uses is for the application of an “artificial cough,” through the generation of a large tidal volume (VT) and a peak expiratory flow (PEF), high enough to mobilize secretion, to prevent sputum plugging and subsequent nosocomial pneumonia. Evidence supports the use of manual hyperinflation for re-expanding acute atelectasis, improving respiratory compliance, reducing inspiratory resistance, increasing oxygenation and enhancing the removal of secretions. MHI performed on patients with atelectasis from ventilation support significantly improves alveolar recruitment. The manual hyperinflation action has limitations as to deleterious effect of inherent disconnection from the ventilator and the lower average pressure control, volume- current, expiratory flow, inspired oxygen fraction and limit of pressure. The disconnection of the mechanical ventilator, and consequently, the removal of PEEP, may cause mainly shear-related injury by the cyclical opening and closing of lung units.
Manual hyperinflation being a form of positive pressure ventilation and therefore, if performed inappropriately, carries the risk of complications including barotrauma, volutrauma and hemodynamic instability.
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"PAIN AND BRAIN- STRATEGIES FOR PHYSICAL THERAPISTS"
DR SENTHIL P KUMAR PT Professor and Head, Dept. of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida.
Background: Pain sciences evolved from an understanding of pain as a stimulus-response process to a biopsychosocial experience. The symptom-based pain management thus underwent a paradigm shift towards a mechanism-based approach. Pain and Brain: Numerous preliminary and many clinical studies demonstrated the evidence for pain plasticity through activation of distinct neuronal pathways. Pain neurotag: This pattern of activation is dependent on individual's past knowledge, experience and emotions associated with the pain experience, and hence this neurotag is similar to pain signature that describes a person's expression of pain. Neuromatrix: The neuromatrix theory of pain thus describes functional representation of pain as a centrally mediated phenomenon and is responsible for cortical processing leading to diffuse non-anatomical distribution of tenderness and allodynia. Evolution of terminology: The central pain or central neuropathic pain is now replaced by a much better term 'central sensitization' and it is very important for pain clinicians not to confuse this patient subtype with non-organic or psychosomatic pain. Pathophysiology: The activation of pain areas through any stimulus in the area of representation be it a sensation, activity or movement leads to a chain reaction of cortical neurotransmission resulting in cortical representation of pain. Management: The treatment should address not only the cause of pain but also the process of pain and hence it is essential to involve the other cortical areas to take over the affected areas. Thus it is imperative that pain physiology education and other interventions such as mirror therapy and graded motor imagery are inherent in pain management be it acute or chronic. Conclusion and implications: Educational interventions focusing on pain Physiology are essential to combat the centrally mediated pain and central sensitization. Barring a few clinical trials, there is however dearth of evidence is this area. Keywords: pain sciences, central pain, pain plasticity, physical analgesia.
IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATED MANUL THERAPY APPROACH IN MECHANICAL LOW
BACK PAIN: CASE STUDY.
DR. NAVEEN GANER Dept. Physiotherapy, Jindal Hospital, Hisar
The following case describes a 42 year-old male with a history of subacute low back pain (LBP) which was mechanical in nature. The pain was worse on bending forward or backward or at
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sides, transition from sitting to standing, sitting more than 15 minutes, standing more than 30 minutes and walking for a distance of approximately 50 meters. The pain was settle down one the patient lay down on bed. The patient was offered integrated manual therapy (IMT) for their condition. IMT included Maitland's graded mobilizations, Mulligan's movement with mobilization (MWM) and McKenzie’s extension exercise programmer. After just three treatment sessions of IMT there were dramatic improvement in patient's physiological movements, pain and disabilities. This case study demonstrates the importance of IMT which combined different streams simultaneously for diagnosing and treating subacute mechanical LBP. Keywords: low back pain, McKenzie exercises, Maitland mobilisation, MWM, integrated manual therapy, Physiotherapy
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF MODIFIED HOLD-RELAX TECHNIQUE AND
BALLISTIC STRETCHING FOR INCREASING HAMSTRING FLEXIBILITY IN FOOTBALL
PLAYERS.
Dr. ABHIJIT DUTTA HOD, Dept. Physiotherapy, Down Town University, Assam
BACKGROUND:-In the literature, the terms “flexibility” and “muscle length” are often used synonymously when referring to the ability of muscles to be lengthened to their end range. The flexibility of the hamstring muscle is important in the prevention of injury, muscular and postural imbalance and maintenance of full range of joint movement optimal musculoskeletal function and enhanced performance in day to day activities. OBJECTIVES:-To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of modified hold-relax technique and ballistic stretching for increasing hamstring flexibility in football players. METHODS:-It is a comparative experimental study. This study includes (N=50) subjects with hamstring tightness within age group of 18-28 years. They were randomly assigned into 2 groups (Group A and B). Group A had 25 (N=25) subjects who are treated with Modified hold- relax stretching, Group B had 25 (N=25) who are treated with ballistic stretching. The subjects were given intervention 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks. RESULTS:-ANOVA one way classification was used to compare between and within the groups. Test within the subject of effect is highly significant for both the groups. Each group has p=0.000. Test between the subjects was used to compare between the groups, it showed highly significant p=0.000. But clinically modified hold- relax is superior to ballistic stretching. CONCLUSION:-The findings suggest that modified hold- relax and ballistic stretching both was statistically significant in improving hamstring flexibility. But modified hold- relax technique shows clinically significant compare to ballistic stretching. KEYWORDS:- Hamstring, Modified hold- relax, Ballistic stretching, Flexibility.
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PULSE ELECTRO MAGNETIC FIELD (PEMF) FUTURE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
Dr. JATIN PATEL Gujrat
Introduction of PEMF Pulsed Electromagnetic Field therapy, or PEMF is an internationally recognized therapy. It is a reparative technique most accepted & commonly used in the field of orthopedics& Neurological. PEMF is approved by NASA, FDA and we’ll accepted in across the world. PEMF therapy & its impact on our body We initially have to recognize the significance of how the body works from the bioelectric and electromagnetic viewpoint. Every cell on your body is vibrating at a particular frequency like waves on an ocean. Your brain sends a multitude of waves as frequencies down the spinal column and onwards throughout your nervous system. Your heart beats at a frequency, which can be recorded with an ECG PEMF creates an oscillation at the cellular level in various very low level frequencies ranging from 0.25Hz to 44 Hz Our cells are like tiny batteries with minute electrical charges, and ions actively and passively move from and into the cells as part of the body’s metabolic activities. Our bodies run on bioelectricity. Thoughts are electrical impulses in the brain. PEMF waves work like a battery charger for human cells .The amount of bioelectricity an individual has, determines the degree of their physical, psychological and spiritual health. PEMF therapy about administering frequencies generated by electromagnets to boost the body’s bioelectric & electromagnetic levels
Dry needling yesterday today and tomorrow
DR. VARDHMAN JAIN Mumbai
Dry needling yesterday today and tomorrow and its role in physiotherapy. How dry needling has evolved from once perceived to be trigger point based therapy, Explore its history, current status and future trends in dry needling. The safety aspects and adverse events of trigger point based dry needling to be discussed and Scope of physiotherapy in dry needling.
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COUNCIL: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION & NEED
DR.SUDEEP KALE Associate Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Terna College of Physiotherapy.
Introduction Council is astatutorybody of people elected or appointed to serve the profession as administrators, legislators, or advisors to make decisions or give advice on subject & to represent a particular group of people, or to run a particular organization. Council is a Quasi Judiciary Body constituted by law of the land of state / country to regulate / govern a particular profession. Structure of Council: Council is made up of 3 types of members: Elected Members, Nominated members&Ex-offiso members. The registered members of council electesmeber to represent on council whereas few members are appointed by the government to assist the function of the council. Ex officio members are bearcats of government specially health or medical education department. Council office has employees like registrar, assistant registrar, clerk, peon& lawyer (consultant) Functions of councils:
To regulate Physiotherapy education & practice
Give registration & maintain the Registers of recognized Physiotherapists
To establish & maintain standards of Physiotherapy education at all levels (e.g.: UG, PG, PhD etc.) (Curriculum to be prescribed).
To regulate the practice of the registered Professionals
Protection of public from bogus people practicing illegally control over malpractice.
To recommend the government to grant permission to start anew college, new course, increase capacity in all courses.
To decide criteria for “Recognized qualification”.
To advice government in matters related to the need of human resource in the field of physiotherapy”.
To assist the Government in regard to continuing education of registered Physiotherapists
To take legal action against bogus courses, bogus persons &unregistered professionals
To suspend / remove the name of such registered members from register & prohibit them from practicing. If found practicing, the council can send them behind bars.
NEED OF CENTRAL PHYSIOTHERAPY COUNCIL IN INDIA The absence of statutory regulation body has given rise to many problems & creating serious problems in India & established wrong practices. Council is needed to control following things. Rapid unregulated proliferation of substandard colleges. Control over illegal distance education programme.
To protect the public health from quakes.
To stop the deliberate promotion of out of date obsolete programmer: diploma, certificate courses etc.
To bring uniformity in PT education & quality of physios across the country.
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To recommend inclusion of physiotherapist in national health programs where PT Rx can benefit patients & public.
For legal protection of rights of physiotherapist in state& offer legal platform for professional issues leading towards better dignity & identity of professionals in the community.
Representation to various govt. authorities e.g.: Pay commission Planning Commission of India, UGC, and NABH
THE IMPORTANCE & SCIENCE OF THERA-BAND ELASTIC RESISTANCE IN
PHYSIOTHERAPY
DR. MAHENDRA KUMAR YADAV(PT) MSPT, MHAAD, MIAP, CTT (USA) Senior Physiotherapist Meraheb Medical Services (Abu Dhabi) UAE Speaker- Thera-Band Academy (USA)
Natural Latex Rubber
Liquid latex is the sap from the bark of the rubber tree
72% from 3 countries- Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia Rubber is a natural commodity Modes of Resistance Training MODE SOURCE Isometric Tension (internal) Isotonic Gravity, inertia, mass Isokinetic Speed Elastic Tension (external) Elastic resistance is a unique mode of training Elastic v. Isotonic Research Similar physiologic responses to training (Aboodarda et al. 2011; Hostler et al. 2001; Nash et al. 2002, Sexsmith, 1992) No significant difference in strength outcomes (Aboodarda et al. 2011; Behm, 1991; Colado & Triplett 2008; Takeshima et al. 2002; Smockum 2003) Similar electromyography (EMG) profiles (Andersen et al. 2010; Jakobsen et al. 2012; LeBlanc et al. 2003; Lim, 1998; Matheson et al. 2001)
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CRANIOSACRAL OSTEOPATHY
Dr.DEEPAK RAGHAV Principal, Santosh College of Physiotherapy, Ghaziabad
History of Osteopathy Andrew Taylor Still, the founder of osteopathy, was born August 6, 1828, in Jonesville (written as Jonesboro by one biographer, E. R. Booth), It was from this background that still developed a strong belief in God as the perfect Creator of all things. It was thus his belief that all of creation was perfect, including the human body. He proclaimed that a perfect body would be able to heal itself and would contain within it the means with which to do so.Still died in 1917 at the age of 89, 6 months after a statue in his honor was unveiled in the Kirksville courthouse square, where it stands today. Introduction to Cranial Osteopathy Dr. Sutherland – made an observation of the temporal bone being analogous to the gills of a fish and presented this idea to Dr. Still. Dr. Still encouraged Dr. Sutherland to investigate this. Dr. Sutherland observed 5 phenomena of what he called “The Primary Respiratory Mechanism.” A. The inherent motility of the brain and spinal cord. B. The fluctuation of the cerebrospinal fluid. C. The mobility of the intracranial and intraspinal membranes. D. The articular mobility of the cranial bones. E. The involuntary mobility of the sacrum between the ilia. Relevant Cranial Anatomy
The vault consists of the frontal bone, occipital bone, sphenoid bone, parietal bones and the temporal bones.
These bones are joined and their motion is governed by the dura which acts as a reciprocal tension membrane.
The dura also provides vascular drainage from the cranium via the dural sinuses.
The entire system floats, is nourished, and bathed by approximately 120cc of cerebrospinal fluid.
Contraindications of Craniosacral Osteopathy
Increased intracranial pressure
Skin lesions wherein pressure is intolerable
Headache of unknown etiology until medically cleared.
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TREATMENT PROTOCOL Craniosacral therapy was given as follows: Sacral release, Pelvic Diaphragm release, Abdominal Diaphragm release, Thoracic Outlet release, Hyoid release, Occipital-Atlantal junction release, Frontal lift release, Parietal compression, Parietal lift, Sphenoidal compression, Sphenoidal decompression, Temporal release, Mastoid wobble , Still point release, TMJ compression, TMJ decompression. Treatment was given on alternate days.
INSTRUMENT-ASSISTED SOFT-TISSUE MOBILIZATION (IASTM) MYOFASCIAL RELEASE
AS A TREATMENT FOR TISSUE EXTENSIBILITY DYSFUNCTION CONDITIONS
DR. BIPLAB MAJI (PT) Assistant professor Jayoti Jidyapeeth women’s university, Jaipur
Manual therapies are practiced by many types of practitioners worldwide to alleviate human suffering from myofascial syndromes. Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) is an adjunct modality that can help in the delivery of many manual therapy techniques and ultimately improve patient outcomes. It’s important to note that what gives IASTM the ability to reinitiate first-stage healing is that it is essentially reinjuring the body although to a lesser degree which may cause discomfort during the procedure and bruising afterward. IASTM differs from traditional cross-friction or transverse friction massage. Specially designed instruments are used to apply longitudinal pressure along the course of muscle fibers and treatment typically includes application to more than the tissues at the isolated location of pain. Myofascial therapy can be defined as “the facilitation of mechanical, neural and psycho physiological adaptive potential as interfaced by the myofascial system”. Optimal musculoskeletal function requires an adequate joint range of motion (ROM), which may be restricted by muscle tightness. Inadequate muscle flexibility increases susceptibility to both overuse syndromes and acute injuries. Improvement of flexibility is often a goal of interventions for injury prevention, performance enhancement, and injury rehabilitation. A variety of stretching techniques and heating modalities are used routinely to promote flexibility. The purpose of the myofascial release is to release restrictions (barriers) within the deeper layers of fascia. This is accomplished by a stretching of the muscular elastic component of the fascia, along with the crosslink, and changing the viscosity of the ground substance of the fascia.
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A theorized cause of apparent muscle tightness is tissue extensibility dysfunction (TED). Musculoskeletal injury even if micro traumatic can produce scar tissue that alters the properties of collagenous tissues. Scar tissue and adhesions are formed during this healing process which limits motion and often causes pain. Scar tissue and adhesions essentially act like super glue in your body. When scar tissue is created after injury new cells are laid down excessively and in a disorganized manner. Scar tissue/ adhesions prevent the muscle or other tissues from lengthening appropriately. It is often necessary for the physiotherapy to restart the healing process in order to remodel the soft tissues in the affected area. By introducing controlled micro trauma to affected soft tissue using IASTM, a local inflammatory response is stimulated. This micro trauma initiates reabsorption of inappropriate or excessive scar tissue and facilitates a remodeling of the affected soft-tissue structures. Myofascial Release is a very effective, gentle and safe hands-on method of soft tissue mobilization developed by John Barnes that involves applying gentle sustained pressure to the subcutaneous and myofascial connective tissue to free adhesions and softens and lengthens the fascia. By freeing up fascia that may be impending blood vessels or nerves, myofascial release is also said to enhance the body’s innate restorative powers by improving circulation and nervous system transmission. These low load sustained stretches gradually over time allow the myofascial tissue to elongate and relax thus allowing increased range of motion, flexibility and decreased pain. After IASTM treatment scar tissue can be remodeled so that the cells become organized in a direction that better promotes movement. Clinical benefits of IASTM with improvements in range of motion, strength and pain perception following treatment. The effectiveness of IASTM is enhanced by a clinician’s skills. This treatment approach has the potential to decrease recidivism, improve patient compliance and produce more favorable outcomes in a shorter episode of care.
STEP WISE GUIDELINE FOR MAKING THE DIAGNOSIS WITH THE HELP OF CERVICAL
AND LUMBAR SPINE X-RAY’S.
Dr. Pawan K. Aggarwal (PT), Principal, Maharaja Agrasen College of Physiotherapy, Agroha
This short lecture will provide the physiotherapy students the basic knowledge about the different views of x-rays in the region of cervical and lumbar spine and their step by step evaluation methods. It is prepared by keeping in mind to provide the best outcomes to the patient by the therapist. Along with the knowledge of physical examination, in cooperation of Radiological (X-ray) examination will give a better perspective into the pathology and thus better treatment plan, which allows for faster recovery of the patient.
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BASICS OF ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT IN CLINICAL NEURODYNAMICS
Dr. MANOJ MALIK Dep’t. Of Physiotherapy, GJU, Hisar
Clinical Neurodynamics is the Clinical application of mechanics and physiology of the nervous system as well as related musculoskeletal function as a mechanical interface. Neural mobilization is an effective treatment modality. Many neurological disorder like Pronator tunnel syndrome, Supinator tunnel syndrome and tarsal tunnel syndrome are very often misdiagnosed as Tennis Elbow, Golfer’s Elbow and Plantar Fascitis.Disorders like Thoracic outlet syndrome ,carpal tunnel syndrome are often ignored in context to mechanical interface and type of nerve dysfunction. An appropriate neural mobilization should precede a thorough assessment of nerve dysfunction and mechanical interface. Nerve dysfunction may be sliding dysfunction or tension dysfunction. Proximal or distal neural sliding may be a cause of concern in neural pathologies while interface dysfunction may range from reduced closing or opening to excessive closing and opening. Generally, the symptoms of a mechanical interface disorder fluctuate with posture and movements that increase pressure or tension in the interfacing structures .A sequential management in nerve dysfunction and interface correction is the basic premises of neural mobilization. Neural mobilization is a non-invasive and effective technique in improving a range of neurological dysfunctions
ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN CANCER PAIN MANAGEMENT
DR. NIRMAL KUMAR Senior Physiotherapist, Department of Onco-Anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Dr. B.R.A. Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Every year, approximately 4.5 million patients die from cancer, and 3.5 million suffer from cancer pain daily, with only a limited number of them receiving adequate pain treatment. The pain in cancer patients may be caused by direct tumor involvement, diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, side effects, or toxicities of cancer treatment. Uncontrolled pain can affect every aspect of a patient's quality of life, causing suffering, interference with sleep, and reduced physical and social activity and appetite. World Health Organization (WHO) analgesic ladder management is currently the most accepted and widely employed pain management strategy in patients with cancer pain with drug side effects. Physiotherapeutic interventions are used in conjunction with analgesics that include a variety of therapeutic methods for pain relief. Physiotherapist uses scrambler therapy, TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation), heat therapy, cold therapy, massage therapy, positioning, exercises, relaxation therapy, splinting etc. to manage cancer pain. These physiotherapeutic interventions are intended to augment, not replace, analgesic drug therapy to provide maximum possible pain relief, so that
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doses of analgesics may be reduced and their side effects too. The benefits of physiotherapeutic interventions in cancer patients are to relieve pain thus improve function, quality of life, strength, and endurance, and reduce depression. Physiotherapist can thus be a vital team member in the integrated care pathway for cancer pain management in primary, secondary and tertiary care.
POSTURAL CONTROL MECHANISMS & ANALYSIS OF POSTURE WITH IMPORTANCE OF
ERGONOMICS & ADVICES
DR. SUMIT ASTHANA P.T. Introduction There are two goals for postural control: One is to maintain body’s stability and the other is to maintain proper relationship between body segments, and also between the body and the environment. Similar to Shumway-Cook’s model for motor control, postural control is viewed as the interaction between task, individual, and environment.
Postural stability means balance. We commonly use these two terms for the same thing: keeping the body’s center of gravity (COG) within the base of support (BOS). To maintain balance in a standing position, one needs to keep the body’s COG within the BOS or stability limits. Again this is a two dimensional concept, COG is located on the same plane (i.e. ground as in standing) as the BOS. Postural Analysis: The motor system consists of bones, muscles, and ligaments. The nervous system controls the motor system. Postural analysis is an assessment of the function of the motor system as well as the nervous system. Ideal Posture: There is no “normal” posture. Ideal posture serves as a reference point. Ideal Posture: Distributes gravitational stress for balanced muscle function. Allows joints to move in their mid-range to minimize stress on ligaments and articular surfaces. Effective for the individual’s activities of daily living. Allows the individual to avoid injury. Ergonomics:
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“Ergonomics is an applied science concerned with the design of workplaces, tools, and tasks that match the physiological, anatomical, and psychological characteristics and capabilities of the worker.” Vern Putz-Anderson “The Goal of ergonomics is to ‘fit the job to the person,’ rather than making the person fit the job.” Ergotech Ergonomic Principle: Work activities should permit worker to adopt several different healthy and safe postures. Muscle forces should be done by the largest appropriate muscle groups available. Work activities s/b performed with joints at about mid-point of their ROM (esp. head, trunk, UE) Conclusion: It is concluded from that following proper ergonomics with proper posture according job and stretches time to time can maintain your proper control on posture. And reduce the chances of musculoskeletal disorder. Key words: Postural Control, Ideal posture, Ergonomics
PHYSIOTHERAPY SCOPE OF PRACTICE: AN INSIGHT
EINSTEIN JEROME Physiotherapist and Research Scholar ESIC Model Hospital & Research Institute (Under Government of India)
"Transforming society by optimizing movement to improve the human experience” Introduction The history of Physiotherapy or Physical Therapy can be traced back to ancient Greece in the era of Hippocrates. Considered one of the oldest methods to cure various physical ailments, Physiotherapy has evolved from simple techniques to a complex assortment of therapies. Now, it has multiple and specialized applications. Patients pursue Physiotherapy services so they may benefit from the highly individualized, "hands on" approach that characterizes Physical therapist care. Physiotherapy plays a key role in enabling people to improve their health, wellbeing and quality of life. Definition: The Scope of Physiotherapy defined by World Health Organization emphasizes on assessment and formulating a treatment plan independently by Physiotherapists. "Physiotherapists assess, plan and implement rehabilitative programs that improve or restore human motor functions, maximize movement ability, relieve pain syndromes, and treat or prevent physical challenges associated with injuries, diseases and other impairments. They apply a broad range of physical therapies and techniques such as movement, ultrasound,
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heating, laser and other techniques. They may develop and implement programmes for screening and prevention of common physical ailments and disorders.” Physiotherapists as first contact Autonomous Practitioners: Physiotherapy professional entry-level education prepares Physiotherapists to be first contact autonomous practitioners, able to assess/examine, evaluate, diagnose, treat/intervene, evaluate outcomes and discharge patients/clients without referral from another health professional (e.g. medical practitioner) or other third party. The terms direct access and patient self-referral refer to the circumstances where Physiotherapy services are available to patients/clients without the requirement of a referral. In many health service delivery systems throughout the world, the users of Physiotherapy services do not require such a referral. In these instances, direct access to Physiotherapy services is supported by national/provincial/regional/state legislative frameworks and by the standards of professional practice of Physiotherapists. A growing body of research evidence supports the clinical and cost effectiveness of such services and their acceptability among service users. Physiotherapists operate as independent practitioners, as well as members of health service provider teams, and are subject to the ethical principles of WCPT. They are able to act as first contact practitioners, and patients/clients may seek direct services without referral from another health care professional. It is a single profession, and the first professional qualification, obtained in any country, represents the completion of a curriculum that qualifies the Physiotherapists to use the professional title and to practice as an independent professional. We are the Movement Scientists!! Glossary: Direct access — the patient/client directly asks the Physiotherapist to provide services (the patient refers themselves) and the Physiotherapist freely decides his conduct and takes full responsibility for it. Also, the Physiotherapist has direct access to patients/clients and determines which need Physiotherapy assessment/intervention without referral from a third party. Self-referral — Patients are able to refer themselves to a Physiotherapist without having to see anyone else first, or without being told to refer themselves by a health professional. Scope of practice — is a statement describing Physiotherapy within the context of the regulatory environment and evidence base for practice within a jurisdiction. Scopes of practice are dynamic, evolving with changes in the evidence base, policy and needs of service users. References: 1.World Health Organization (WHO) 2.World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT) 3. American Physical Therapy Association (APTA)
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LIFE HACKS- LETS EXPLORE THE SUPER POWERS OF THE HUMAN BODY
DR.PRIYANKA CHUGH Assistant Professor, Banarsidas Chandiwala Institute of Physiotherapy Kalkaji, New Delhi
We’re going to reveal your hidden “superpowers” in the form of what we call body hacks — ways to master your body’s responses and reactions. From how to recover after a tough workout to how to walk on fire. Your body’s many automatic reflexes often make it feel like you’re not in the driver’s seat, but we show you some ways that you can still be the boss of you. If you’ve ever wanted to stop a sneeze, turn off your gag reflex, see without your glasses, hold your breath longer or be the last one to go pee, this is the session for you. I am going to highlights our misconception that our brain is able to focus on everything important at any given time. How the brain tricks you into thinking you know more than you do. How the brain discards information when focusing on a certain task or assumes words were there when they were not. There is a famous saying "Use it or lose it" The brain can be exercised like muscle. Games and puzzles, using thinking like a child to come up with creative ideas, trick questions, using mnemonics to remember people's names, and solving a puzzle using ordinary items in a way they were not originally designed helps in exercising the brain. Hence, boosting the capability of the brain. There are some simple and amazing facts about human brain, and body's physiology which we overlook in normal life. Utilizing and learning them can make us enhance our existing powers. So, let's hack the life by awesome yet simple biomechanical, and physiological tricks.
REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION ON STROKE PATIENTS: A NEW
APPROACH IN STROKE REHABILITATION PERSPECTIVE.
DR RAHUL SHARMA (PT) Physiotherapist Clinical Research coordinator Dept. of Neurology, AIIMS New Delhi India
Stroke is the leading cause of death and the principle cause of long-term neurological disability worldwide. Approximately two thirds of patients with stroke have profoundly impaired motor function. Reduced upper limb function leads to significant disability that affects daily living and increases the burden on these patients and their families. However, various patterns of neural reorganization occur after stroke, and functional recovery is associated with neural plastic
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changes in the brain. Novel strategies that enhance beneficial plastic changes and improve recovery are emerging. A burning question in the rehabilitation of stroke survivors is to determine the most effective approach for improving the recovery of persons who experience weakness in the arm and hand following stroke. Two systematic reviews have suggested that intensity of stroke rehabilitation is an important factor associated with greater and faster improvement. However, there is growing pressure on rehabilitation professionals to increase effectiveness of treatments without increasing costs to health care systems. Repetitive Transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising non-invasive neuromodulator intervention that aims to maximize recovery of function after stroke. rTMS can transiently or lastingly modulate cortical excitability by either Increasing or decreasing it via the application of localized magnetic field pulses. Two distinct protocols have been employed: excitatory (high frequency) stimulation on the lesioned hemisphere and inhibitory (low-frequency) stimulation on the contralesional hemisphere. Although originally developed as a diagnostic tool, this and other neurobiological effects can be leveraged for therapeutic applications in neurology, psychiatry and Rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES / LEARNING OUTCOMES: What actually a rtms (repetitive Trans cranial magnetic
stimulation) Principal of rtms and How rtms works
What are the effects of rtms on chronic stroke patients?
Researches on rtms
Therapeutic application of rtms on chronic stroke patients
Contraindications and side effects of rtms
REHABILITATION OF SHOULDER PAIN IN KABADDI PLAYERS OF PUNJAB
DR. JALAWAR SINGH GAGGARPUR Convener IAP Punjab Branch
Introduction: The Shoulder joint is the most complex joint of the body. The shoulder is formed by the clavicle, the scapula and humerus. Several muscles and ligaments control the motion of the shoulder and protect it from damage at the same time. Kabaddi is a very complex sport. Shoulder joint is very vulnerable joint to get injured in Kabaddi. Background and purpose: Rehabilitation is frequently used by physiotherapists as an intervention for patients with limited shoulder pain in kabaddi players. The purpose of the study is to see the efficacy of rehabilitation in relief of pain in patients with shoulder pain in Kabaddi. Setting: Outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods: Out of 60 subjects who were diagnosed by an Orthopaedician was having shoulder pain in kabaddi and who showed a typical pain. 30 were given rehabilitation (Experimental Group A) and the other 30 were of control (Group B). Analysis was based on the relief of pain. Results The subjects who were given sports massage, strengthening exercises and cryotherapy showed reduction in pain.
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So, according to results obtained from this study, Rehabilitation is more effective in pain reduction in Experimental group as compared to Control group for shoulder pain in Kabaddi. Conclusion The subjects were treated with Sports Massage, Strengthening Exercises and Cryotherapy were found to be effective in pain relief in both the groups. The subjects in Experimental Group, who received Sports Massage, Strengthening Exercises and Cryotherapy showed better improvement in pain relief, than Control Group, who received only Cryotherapy. In conclusion the treatment programme consisting of Sports Massage, Strengthening Exercises and Cryotherapy may be more effective in pain relief in subjects with Shoulder pain in kabaddi than Cryotherapy. My study results favor the hypothesis of this study and it is accepted. Keywords: Shoulder Pain; Kabaddi; Rehabilitation; Strengthening; Cryotherapy; Sports Massage.
EFFECTS OF ISOMETRIC V/S ISOTONIC EXERCISES IN INTERNAL DERRANGEMENT OF
THE KNEE.
DR. AMRIT KAUR GAGGARPUR Researcher (Senior Physiotherapist), **Research Supervisor (Chief Physiotherapist) Jotisar Physiotherapy Centre
Introduction: Internal Derangement is the most common type of knee injury generally a young male actively engaged in sports like kabaddi, football and volleyball etc. The knee joint is the most complex joint of the body. The knee is formed by the femur (thigh bone), the tibia (shin bone), and patella (kneecap).The principal motions of the knee joint are flexion and extension. Several muscles and ligaments control the motion of the knee and protect it from damage at the same time. Background and purpose: Isometric V/S Isotonic Exercises is frequently used by Physiotherapists as an intervention for patients with pain in Internal Derangement of the Knee. The purpose of the study is to see the effect of Isometric V/S Isotonic Exercises in reducing pain of Internal Derangement of the Knee. Setting: Outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods: Subject were selected on a random bases from the patients visiting Out Patient Department of Josias Physiotherapy Centre, Village: Khurana, Dist. Sangrur. Out of 40 subjects who were diagnosed by an orthopaedician as having pain of Internal Derangement of the Knee. 20 were be given Isometric (group A) and the other 20 were be given Isotonic Exercises (group B). Analysis was based on the relief of pain of Internal Derangement of the Knee. Results The subjects who were given Isometric exercises reduction in pain.
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So, according to results obtained from this study, Isometric exercises are more effective in pain reduction in (Group A) as compared to (Group B) for Internal Derangement of the Knee. Conclusion From the result of this study it can be concluded that: Though both Isometric and Isotonic exercises are helpful in reducing Internal Derangement of Knee pain but efficiency of Isometric exercises are greater than Isotonic exercises. My study results favor the hypothesis of this study and it is accepted. Keywords: Internal Derangement of the Knee; Pain; Isometric exercises; Isotonic exercises.
EFFICACY OF MCKENZIE EXERCISES IN COMPARISION TO POSITIONAL RELEASE
TECHNIQUE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH NON SPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN
DR. ANUPAM BHINDER BAINS Punjab.
Background and purpose Chronic low back pain, typically defined as low back pain lasting longer than 3 months, represents a particularly costly socio-medical problem because of the expenditure associated with repeated treatment and the long-term absence from work and need for social support .The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of McKenzie exercises in comparison to Positional Release Technique for reducing pain and disability and improving mobility in chronic mechanical low back pain patients. Methodology 50 pre-diagnosed patients with non-specific low back pain , aged 18-30 years (23.47±2.50),of both genders were randomly assigned to McKenzie Exercise group (n=25) and Positional Release Technique (n=25)group via even odd method. In both groups, all subjects were assessed for level of pain through Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and disability through Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). An 8 session’s treatment program which lasted 4 weeks, twice per week was given to both groups. Following that the subjects were reassessed at 28th day for the above mentioned parameters. Results After analysis and interpretation, paired t- test showed significant improvement in NPRS and ODI in group A and group B. Unpaired t- test scores showed that there was statistically difference in the scores of pain rating scale (2.93± 0.88) (5.13±1.41) and disability (31.28±11.8) (52±10.9).the scores showed that there were significant differences between the group A and group B AT 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion The principle finding of this study was that the McKenzie exercises program was more effective than Positional Release Technique for all the dependent variables in patients with non-specific low back pain.
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SOCIOLOGY OF SPORTS
DR. HARPREET SINGH AULAKH PhD (Per)
Society and Sports from a Sociological Perspective SPORTS: FROM SPARE TIME ACTIVITY TO ITS MODERN MEANING
Desperate: (Latin) having fun, hanging around
Desport: (French) to entertain, to amuse
Sport: (English) using spare time, entertainment, hobby DEFINITION OF SPORT
A physical and spare time activity with a set of rules and institutions, resembling both a game and a profession, applied in a form of competition (Georges Magnane)
An institutionalized physical activity based on competition which lies in a place between game and profession (G. Luschen)
A worship of intensive and habitualized muscular activity which depends on the will for progress and even for risks which might lead to situations including danger. (Pierre de Coubertin)
Physical practices which possess their own values, rules and rituals in a form of joyful competition. (Carl Diem)
INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF SPORTS
Rules of the activity gets standardized.
Organizing actors supervise the application of and obedience to these rules
Increasing significance of the organizational and technical sides of the activity
Formalization of acquiring game skills WHY STUDY SOCIOLOGY OF SPORTS?
Sports as a part of human social life.
Sports as a cultural determinant
Many actors within the realm of sports, with direct or indirect participations and roles. GENERAL THEMES
Sports and Social Class
Sports and Gender
Sports and Politics
Sports, Ideology and Propaganda
Sports, Ethnicity and Nationalism
Sports and Economy
Sports and Globalization
Sports and Identity
Sports and Violence
Sports and Imperialism
Sports and Education DEVELOPMENT OF THE DISCIPLINE
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Contributions of Anthropology
Heinz Riesse as the first to use the term “Sociology of Sports” (1921)
Johann Huizinga: Homo Ludens (The Playing Human), 1938
International Review of Sport Sociology (1966) SOCIOLOGY OF SPORTS
Mustafa Erkal’s “Sports from a Sociological Perspective” (1978) As the First Study in Turkey.
İbrahim Armağan’s “Sociological Basis of Sports” (1981)
Yilmaz Çobanoğlu’s “Sociology 0f Sports” (1996)
Can İkizler’s “Sports in Social Sciences” (2000) HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF SPORT
The Neolithic Age: Survival and the need for physical strength
Social division of labor and the warrior’s class.
Specialization and professionalization in warfare (archery, horseback riding...)
Settled communities and the phenomenon of spare time.
Ancient Greek city states: birthplace of first organized sports activities.
Defensive-offensive sports as the first sporting activities (wrestling, boxing, archery...) FIRST ORGANIZED SPORTS: THE OLYMPICS (776 B.C.)
In addition to local competitions held in sacred festivals in various Greek city states, the Olympic Games is considered to be the first organized sports activity.
Olympics as worship: dedication to the Olympians (Gods and Goddesses)
Olympics as a tool for sacred truce in the Hellenic world (Ekecheiria)
Only male Greek citizens allowed to watch and attend the Games
Naked status of sportsmen MYTHOLOGICAL BASIS OF SPORTS AND BODY IMAGE
Age of Heroes and the strong hero image
Hercules (Herakles) as the forthcoming hero of muscular strength
Battle of Marathon (490 B.C.) and the legend of Pheidippides
Atalante: the she-warrior
Odysseus and his bow THE MODERN OLYMPIC GAMES
1896 First Olympic Games in Athens THE USE OF OLYMPIC GAMES AS A POLITICAL TOOL
Internationalization of sports and use of sports as a tool of international politics
1920 Anvers Games
1936 Berlin Games
1948 London Games
1972 Munich Games
1980 Moscow Games
1984 Los Angeles Games OLYMPISM and its CRITIQUES
Olympism as an ideal for sports and society both on the national and global scales
Critiques of olympism as the tool of European capitalism and imperialism
The anti-democratic status of the Olympic administrative organs SPORTS BRANCHES
Individual and team sports
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Survival sports and spare-time sports
Elite sports and common sports
BOXING AND CONTROL OF VIOLENCE
N.Elias: Civilizing society, civilized ways of settling personal disputes among males rather than gun duels.
Use of the fists as a more civilized way
Modern society, social rules and its reflection on sports: modern boxing
Violence limited and controlled by game rules
CLINICAL PREDICTION RULES: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE
DR. DEEPAK CHHABRA (PT) (Asst. Prof., Maharaja Agrasen College of Physiotherapy, Agroha)
DR. K. MRITYUNJAY (PT) (Advisor & Sr. Physiotherapist, Healing Hands Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation, New Delhi)
Background: Clinical prediction rules are research-based tools that quantify the contributions of relevant patient characteristics to provide numeric indices that assist clinicians in making predictions. Clinical prediction rules have been used to describe the likelihood of the presence or absence of a condition, assist in determining patient prognosis, and help the classification of patients for treatment. The recent rapid rise in the use of clinical prediction rules raises questions about the conditions under which they may be used most appropriately. What is the potential role of clinical prediction rules in physiotherapy practice and what are the strategies by which clinicians can determine their appropriate use for a given clinical setting? Conclusion: Clinical prediction rules use quantitative methods to build upon the body of literature and expert opinion and can provide quick and inexpensive estimates of probability. Clinical prediction rules can be of great value to assist clinical decision making but should not be used indiscriminately. They are not a replacement for clinical judgment and should complement rather than supplant clinical opinion and intuition. The development of valid clinical prediction rules should be a goal of physiotherapy research. Specific areas in need of attention include deriving and validating clinical prediction rules to screen patients for potentially serious conditions for which current tests lack adequate diagnostic accuracy or have unacceptable cost and risk, and to assist in classification of patients for treatments that are likely to result in substantially different outcomes in heterogeneous groups of patients. Our purpose here is to create awareness about the importance clinical prediction rules and physical diagnosis formulation in clinical practice and share some examples of the same seen in various research based papers.
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How to train and importance of deep cervical neck flexors for cervical dysfunctions?
DR. VIKRAM YADAV JAIPUR
What are the deep neck flexor muscles? The deep neck flexors are a group of muscles that are responsible for forward bending and side-bending of the neck. These muscles are also very important for supporting the weight of the head against gravity and stabilizing the neck during various body movements. They are often described as the ‘abs of the neck due to the stabilizing function they provide. For the reasons mentioned above, it is very important to maintain the correct length and strength of the deep neck flexor muscle group. The deep neck flexor group consists of the muscles listed below:
LongusColli
LongusCapitus
Rectus Capitus Anterior
Rectus CapitusLateralis Recent literature has suggested that individuals with a history of neck pain from conditions such as whiplash associated disorder (WAD), may have a delay in the firing of this musculature. But with this stated what research lead to this widely accepted conclusion? And what does this mean to us clinically? This article is intended to address these questions and determine, “what is the importance of deep flexor endurance in individuals with neck pain”. Understanding the activity of DNFs: A key article in the development of the concept of deep flexor endurance was published in the Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain in 2000.1 The author, Gwendolen Jull, used electromyography to assess the activity of superficial neck flexors (i.e. SCM), as well as the change in shape of the cervical curve (aligned to deep neck flexor contraction via a pressure sensor), in 12 subjects with WAD and 12 asymptomatic subjects. She found the subjects with WAD had poorer motor control of the deep neck flexors and increased co-contraction activity of the superficial neck musculature. From this analysis, she concluded that by testing cranio-cervical flexion, one may be able to detect problems of the deep cervical flexors. A couple of years later, Jull et al. performed a very similar study2 with 75 subjects who were separated into three groups. Group 1 was an asymptomatic control. Group 2 included subjects with insidious onset of neck pain. Group 3 included subjects with WAD. Again, Jull assessed myoelectric signals of the SCM and pressure exerted from change of cervical curvature (representing DNF activity), and found that not only did the WAD group have higher measures of SCM activity and less activity of the DNFs, but so did the group with an insidious onset of neck pain. This lead to the suspicion that those with neck pain, despite traumatic or atraumatic origin, may develop physical impairments of the deep neck flexors.
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A cross-sectional study3 performed by Falla et al assessed the validity of the cranio-cervical flexion test (as proposed by Jull) to measure deep neck flexor endurance in those with neck pain. These researchers also confirmed that there was a reduction in the ability to perform the craniocervical test (which requires DNF activity) in those with dysfunction of the deep cervical musculature and a new test was born! Clinical Utility: The authors of the above studies unraveled the concept that patients with painful neck disorders often have altered neuromuscular activity of the deep neck flexors and increased activity of the cervical flexors as compared to their non-painful counterparts. But as clinicians, what does this mean to us? Is this something that can be improved? Or is this altered motor activity a defensive response (similar to pain)?
TO COMPARE THE EFFECT OF ECCENTRIC EXERCISE VS CONCENTRIC EXERCISE WHEN
COMBINED WITH WOBBLE BOARD EXERCISE ON PROPRIOCEPTION OF KNEE JOINT
AFTER INDUCING FATIGUE IN QUADRICEPS MUSCLE
DR. SONIA SAROHA, DR. AMBUJ TIWARI AND DR. SHILPA JAIN Introduction: In this study extra attention was paid to muscle fatigue and its impact on proprioception and also identified the effect of fatigue on proprioception and which isotonic exercise with wobble board exercise has better results to increase proprioception. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate either eccentric or concentric strengthening exercise combined with wobble board training is better to improve the proprioception in physiotherapy students. Materials and Methods: Subjects identified based on inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups A and B and proprioception of knee joint was measured pre fatigued in both the groups, subjects were put to fatigue by asking to do static cycling for the period of 20 minutes and proprioception of knee joint was again measured post fatigued by using universal goniometer. After the completion of the above protocol the subjects in group A were submitted to eccentric contraction exercises and the subjects in group B were submitted to concentric contraction exercises and wobble board exercise was performed in both the groups and after intervention same procedure was followed. Result: The data was statistically analyzed by using paired and unpaired t test between and within the groups and the result was significant. Conclusion: It was concluded that eccentric and concentric exercises with wobble board exercise are very effective in improving proprioception but eccentric exercises with wobble board exercise has better effect in improving proprioception. Keywords: Proprioception, Fatigue, Eccentric, Concentric and Wobble board exercise.
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Vibration Therapy
DR. SYED MOHAMMAD WARIS Vibrant therapy
Concept behind vibration therapy and its origin.
Details of the basics of vibration training
Effects of vibration therapy on: o Muscles, tendon/connectivity tissue, o Blood vessels, Harmons, capsule & o Joints, nerves/neuro transmitters, bones & cartilage, skin.
Vibration therapy in the field of Sports, recreation, rehabilitation, professional area, fitness, etc.
4. Different therapeutic exercises that can be done on vibration platform. 5. Scope of vibration therapy 6. Contraindications.
Neck and Shoulder Pain: Understanding poor old upper trapezius.
DR. VINAY JAGGA Professor/ Principal, Prem Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation College, Panipat
There is a strong culture within physiotherapy to blame a specific structure, be it a muscle, ligament, nerve, fascia etc., when things are sore and painful for our patients. The Upper Trapezius muscle is one such structure that gets an awful lot of blame in Neck and Shoulder Pain. We regularly hear physio’s telling patients that this muscle is too tight or ‘over active’ and so the cause of their neck or shoulder pain. I hear them explaining how they can feel or see that this muscle is knotted and tense, and explain how it needs to be released, loosened and stretched. I also see and hear many therapists choosing exercises to help reduce upper traps activity, by focusing on the Lower Traps to restore the balance between them. Well According to me the exact opposite approach is needed. Most, if not all the painful upper traps I see are weak and long, not tight and short, and yes they can ‘feel’ tight and tense, but, because they are over loaded due to being weak. They may be painful to poke and press. They may respond to a bit of a stretch or a rub for a while. But that doesn't mean this is what they need. Hence we don’t need to be stretching or massaging
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these muscles, we need to be giving strengthening exercises, which is completely opposite to most of us are doing.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: review from various studies
Dr. PUNIA SONU Assistant Professor, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana.
ABSRACT Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common cause of recurrent vertigo which last for a few seconds usually managed head positioning maneuvers. The most common form of BPPV occurs when otoliths from the macula of the utricle fall into the lumen of the posterior semicircular canal responding to the effect of gravity. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss effectiveness of various treatment maneuvers for BPPV. Methodology: This study reviews 14 similar article regarding the pathophysiology, causes, canal variants and treatment option of BPPV. This review evaluated the effectiveness of several particles repositioning maneuver. Results: Our results agree with those of earlier reviews of BPPV that the CRP is more effective in PC BPPV canalthiasis, The Semont Liberatory Maneuver for cupulolithiasis, Barbecue maneuver for horizontal canal treatment; self-administered CRP is more effective than self-administered Liberatory Maneuver in the treatment of PC-BPPV. Conclusion: Carnality repositioning maneuvers may be considered most effective and long lasting treatment of BPPV in most of patients. Key words: BPPV, CUPULOLITHIASIS, CANALITHIASIS, CRP, EPLEY’S MANEUVER, SLM, PC & AC BPPV.
NEUROPLASTICITY AND ITS RELATION TO MEMORY
DR. NIDHI SHARMA (PT) HOD- Physiotherapy Adhunik Institute of Education and Research, Ghaziabad
In neuroscience, Neuroplasticity or Synaptic Plasticity is the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time, in response to increase or decrease in their activity. Since memories are postulated to be represented by vastly interconnected networks of synapses in the brain, neuroplasticity is one of the important neurochemical foundations of learning and memory. Here we will come to know how memory and learning are connected with neuroplasticity.
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Respiratory Physiotherapy for Patients with Chronic Respiratory and Neuro-Muscular
Disorders Techniques and Guidelines
DR. SUMANTA GHOSH (PT) MPTh (Cardio-Respiratory) Consultant Respiratory Physiotherapist & Dy. Manager Philips Healthcare.
Breathing disorders are recognized as the leading cause of mortality. A majority of Chronic Respiratory Disorders and progressive neuromuscular disorders lead to dysfunction of the respiratory muscles that in turn can lead to respiratory failure, fatal infections and death. Physiotherapy plays an important role in all stages, from early diagnosis, through chronic illness, to acute episodes and care at the terminal stage. Traditionally, respiratory physiotherapists aid the mobilization and removal of secretions. However, this is only one of the many problems physiotherapists can address. With increasing evidence base and scope of Respiratory Physiotherapy, Physiotherapist plays a vital role in respiratory function assessment like Respiratory Muscle Strength Assessment, Cough Assessment & airway protection assessment. Evidence based Interventions in NMD includes Respiratory Muscle Strengthening ,Cough Assistance , Non- Invasive Ventilation, Weaning Planning ,Oxygen Therapy , Pulmonary Rehabilitation and patient education. It is high time we incorporate more of these assessment and interventions in our treatment arsenal .The ultimate focus of the workshop is on developing evidence based Respiratory Physiotherapy practice in providing the patients with the best respiratory care.
VISCERAL OSTEOPATHY
DR. KRISHNA N. SHARMA Dean: St. Louis University, Cameroon (Africa)
The visceral osteopathy is an umbrella term covering all the osteopathy techniques affecting visceral organs. The hypothesis behind it is that any reduction in the mobility and/or motility of the visceral joints may cause dysfunctions. The commonest techniques in visceral osteopathy are by- Jean Pierre Barrel, Georges Finet and Christian Williame, William and Michael Kuchera, and Frank Chapman. Jean Pierre Barral calls his techniques- ‘Visceral Manipulation’. He approaches the organs directly through palpation and mobilizes to regain mobility and motility of the organ. Georges Finet and Christian Williame followed the same principle but instead of mobilizing the organs directly, they utilized the anterior peritoneum. The techniques by William and Michael Kuchera are circulatory and they influence the visceral organs by approaching the vascular and nerve supply to and from the organs. Frank Chapman discovered certain points on the body and used the vegetative nervous system to influence the visceral organs. In this workshop, very selected and safe techniques with be taught with more focus on practical.
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFECT OF TENS WITH PASSIVE STRETCHING VS ELECTRIC
MUSCLE STIMULATOR WITH PASSIVE STRETCHING ON SPASTICITY OF BICEPS
BRACHII MUSCLE IN STROKE PATIENTS.
CHARU SHARMA, DR. AMBUJ TIWARI DR. SHILPA JAIN Background and purpose: To analyze the effect of TENS & Electric Muscle Stimulator when combined with passive stretching on spasticity of biceps brachii muscle in stroke patients Method: 40 male & female subjects with stroke aged in between age 50-65 years are included in study on basis of inclusion criteria were conveniently assigned with 20 subjects in each group. Group A received TENS with passive stretching & Group B received Electric Muscle Stimulator with passive stretching. After assessment & evaluation of patients on day 1, MAS was recorded. Treatment was given 30 min. daily for 5 days a week for 6 weeks. Result: The data was analyzed through Wilcoxon signed rank test for comparing the pre and post values of MAS with in both the groups and Mann Whitney Test for comparison of data between the two groups. Results of this study show that the Electric Muscle Stimulator when combined with passive stretching are much more effective in reducing spasticity of biceps brachial muscle in stroke patients. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that both the intervention programs are effective in improving spasticity of biceps brachial muscle of stroke patients but Electric Muscle Stimulator with passive stretching is more beneficiary for the patients. Keywords: Spasticity, Stroke, TENS, Electric Muscle Stimulator, Passive Stretching, Modified Ashwarth Scale.
EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCKWAVE THERAPY
KOMAL MALIK, MPT (2ND YEAR) National Institute for the Orthopaedically Handicapped, Kolkata Shockwave therapy refers to mechanical pressure pulses that expand/propagate as a wave within a human body. Acoustic shockwaves are proven to be effective and non-invasive method for treating musculoskeletal pathology. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in orthopedics and traumatology is still a young therapy method, but in the last few years it had developed very fast and successfully. Nevertheless the healing mechanism of ESWT for treatment of the established indications like epicondylitis or heel spur is not completely understood. Advantages of ESWT are avoidance of surgeries, safety and effectiveness. Compared to open surgery the costs of the ESWT are very reasonable
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History: Therapeutic shockwave were first introduced into medicine in 1980’s for treatment of kidney stone. Removal of these stone by breaking using shockwave is known as lithotripsy. Since, then it became the primary treatment choice for urinary, salivary and biliary calculi.In the 1990’s shock wave therapy was introduced in Germany to treat orthopaedic problems/conditions. Therapeutic effects: It promotes tissue healing by the mechanical pressure and tension of shockwave. It helps in breaking down pathological deposits of calcification in soft tissues. Helps in bone healing and bone regeneration. Also helps in stimulating fibroblasts which are responsible for healing connective tissues such as tendon, ligaments and fascia. Indications:
o Chronic tendinopathies: o Plantar fasciitis with or without heel spur. o Achilles tendinopathy o Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)/medial epicondylitis (golfers elbow) o Rotator cuff tendinitis with or without calcification o Patellar tendinitis (jumper’s knee) (William E Prentice) o Muscular pathologies: o Chronic myofascial pain (trigger points) o Incomplete muscle tear or muscle strain o Muscle spasm
Normative Values of Modified- Modified Schober Test in Measuring Lumbar Flexion
and Extension: A Cross- Sectional Study.
KOMAL MALIK, MPT (2ND YEAR) National Institute for the Orthopedically Handicapped, Kolkata
Background: Low Back Pain is the most common musculoskeletal problem worldwide, but there is a lack of normative values based on specific population of LROM required during its evaluation. So, the purpose of this study was to find out the normative values of Modified - Modified Schober Test in measuring lumbar flexion and extension in Indian population. It is obvious that without knowing about normal values, it’s difficult to find the abnormal values. Materials and Methods: MMST flexion and extension were measured on 200 healthy adults of 21 to 40 years, out of which 100 were males and 100 were females. Then those were divided into two strata depending on age such that strata 1 (age 21-30yrs) had 100 volunteers and strata 2 (age 31- 40 yrs.) had 100 volunteers. Results: Normative values were found to be 6.85±1.18cm for MMST flexion and 2.42±0.74 cm for MMST extension. MMST extension was statistically higher in strata 1 than strata 2. MMST
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flexion was statistically higher in males than females with significance sensitivity set at <.05. Conclusion: Lumbar extension was found to be decreased with increasing age. Lumbar flexion was more in males than females, whereas there is no difference in lumbar extension between the genders. Key words: Modified - Modified Schober Test, Normative Values, Lumbar Flexion, Lumbar Extension, Cross Sectional Study, and Measurement.
Gluteus Medius weakness secondary to rigid flat foot-A case report
ASHISH TYAGI - BPT 2013 (MACOP), DR. DEEPAK CHHABRA (PT), DR. K MRITYUNJAY (PT) Maharaja Agrasen College Of Physiotherapy Agroha (Hisar)
A 16yr old male had gradual onset (3-4 months) of pain in RT knee with abnormal walking posture. He had no h/o trauma or jerk. The patient is an 11th class student. Observing his peculiar gait pattern the family members referred to neurophysician for the same, all investigations and imaging studies were done, neurological deficit was ruled out but no proper diagnosis was made. He visited a Pediatric Orthopaedician, who prescribed him medications and his pain was relieved with them. He then referred to us for physiotherapy management. On our observation and examination patient was having - Rigid Pes planus, Genu Valgum, Gluteus Medius strength was 4/5- but was unable to sustain the contraction, weak Gluteus Medius – secondary to lower kinetic chain dysfunction. He was put on Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Maximus strengthening exercises with Thera band, knee stabilization Exercises and Intrinsic Foot Muscle Strengthening Exercises. On Reassessment, one month later his waddling was reduced and strength of gluteus medius was improved. Gluteus medius strengthening & VMO strengthening exercises with more resistance were prescribed and close kinetic chain exercises have been planned as a part of future treatment.
IDIOPATHIC HYPOPLASIC STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID – A CASE REPORTBY:
ANIL KUMAR (FINAL YEAR STUDENT, MACOP, AGROHA) Guide- Dr. BABINA MANCHANDA (Assistant Professor, MACOP, Agroha) Co-Guide Dr. DEEPAK CHHABRA (Assistant Professor, MACOP, Agroha)
Sternocleidomastoid is a muscle spanning the front of neck on each side. It performs a complex set of multidirectional movements, causing flexion of neck when acting bilaterally. When acting unilaterally, it causes ipsilateral side flexion and contralateral rotation. This case report presents a 58- year old male patient with 2 month old history of right torticollis, hypoplasic left Sternocleidomastoid, along with 5 years old weakness and stiffness left upper limb, left hand
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clawing, compensatory over activity of left upper fibers of trapezius, and altered breathing pattern. The unusual finding being, the normal functioning of ipsilateral Trapezius which share the same innervation as of SCM. Investigations done were x-ray and ultrasonography. X-rays show no significant bony abnormality, malformation and ultrasonography shows atrophied left Sternocleidomastoid with a girth of 1.6cm and right with 3.5 cm. The aim of presenting this case is to report the rarity of the condition and to facilitate formation of epidemiological data of such cases. As the case is chronic and the muscle is completely paralyzed, so there are less possibilities to get a satisfactory prognosis. So our treatment will focus on maintaining near possible neutral neck posture and use of muscle that act synergists to Sternocleidomastoid. The medical and physical diagnosis is still under review, and also there had not been much signs of improvement after 4 weeks of treatment. E-MAIL – [email protected]
EFFICACY OF CORE STRENGTHENING EXERCISES IN NON-SPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN
MANOJ MALIK*, JASPREET KAUR*, SANJEETA KHATRI** *Assistant Professor,Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheswar University of Science & Technology, Hisar **P.G. Student, Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheswar University of Science & Technology, Hisar
Background: Low back pain is a common disabling disorder in our society which affects almost 80 percent of persons. Core strengthening exercises are gaining popularity among many treatment choices available to the therapist. Core strengthening exercise can be an important component of low back pain management. Purpose of study: To find out the efficacy of core strengthening exercises in decreasing pain and disability in patients suffering from non-specific low back pain. Method: 10 subjects fulfilling selection criteria participated in the study. Core strengthening exercises were given to the participants. VAS, Roland-Morris questionnaire, Oswestry low back pain questionnaire were taken as outcome measures. Result: Comparison was made between pre and post reading using t-test. Result showed statistically significant improvement scores of VAS, Roland-Morris and Oswestry questionnaire. Conclusion: Core strengthening exercises are efficient in reducing pain and disability of low back pain patient. Keywords: Low back pain, core strengthening exercises.
Efficacy of Gluteus medius and Gluteus maximus strengthening on pain and
functional outcomes on patient suffering from chronic Nonspecific low back pain
MANOJ MALIK*, JASPREET KAUR*, DEEPU KUMAR**, CHARU GERA**, PINKY** * Assistant Professor, Department of physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of science & technology, Hisar. ** MPT Student, Department of physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of science & technology,Hisar.
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Introduction: Low back syndrome is defined as pain paranesthesia and related symptoms that are believed to emanate from the lumbar spine. Low back pain is one of the most frequent causes of disability. Chronic low back pain is defined as pain for more than twelve weeks in the posterior lumbar region. Between the twelfth ribs and inferior gluteal region. Changes in lifestyle and in the world of work like intensive use of computers at work and at home as well as other technologies has increased sedentariness – a risk factor for chronic and acute low back pain due to muscle weakness. Obesity is also related to lifestyle and is a known risk factor for CLBP as it promotes overloading of the articular structures of lumbosacral spine, which become predisposed to degeneration. Aims & objectives: The aim of this experimental study is to find out efficacy of strengthening of gluteus medius and maximus in reducing pain and improving functional ability of people with CNSLBP. Methodology: The subjects were screened based on the bases of selection criteria. Demographic data was collected. Assessment of low back pain by VAS and RMLBPD was done at the beginning and the end of the prescribed protocol. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups, Group A (N=15) and Group B (N=15). Group A was given electrotherapeutic modality based treatment ( TENS and Ultrasound Therapy and Hot pack) and group B was given Strengthening exercises of Gluteus medius and Gluteus maximus after with Hot pack. After 2 weeks low back pain was re-assessed using VAS and RMLBPD. Data analysis : Data analysis was done for mean change in VAS and RMBPQ between group A and group B by paired T test. Pre and post values of group A & group B was also analyzed by paired t-test. Result : Result showed a statistically significant improvement in Pre and post values of VAS and RMBPDQ for Group A and Group B. Conclusion: Strengthening of gluteus medius and gluteus maximus exercises program and Electrotherapy (TENS & US) program along with hot pack both are effective in management of non-specific low back pain.
EFFECT OF PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN A PATIENT
DIAGNOSED WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS AND ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
NEHA, VANDANA ESHT,SUNITA SHARMA Post-Graduate student department of physiotherapy, M.M University, Mullana, Ambala ; Associate professor department of physiotherapy, M.M University, Mullana, Ambala ; Assistant professor department of physiotherapy, M.M University, Mullana, Ambala.
Background: Osteoarthritis is a condition which commonly involves the knee joint of middle age person whereas Ankylosing Spondylitis is a form of arthritis that primarily affects the young adults and leads to chronic pain and stiffness of the spine. In some people particularly young adults and in older age it spreads to the knee joint also. When osteoarthritis is associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis the quality of life of the patient is affected to a greater extent. AIM: The purpose of this study was to know the effect of physiotherapy treatment on the quality of life in a patient diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis with Ankylosing Spondylitis.
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Materials and Methods: Moist Heat Pack, TENS, mobilization with movement, Isometric exercises of knee, knee distraction and patellar glides was given as initial treatment. After this knee taping was performed on bilateral knee joints (cross-taping), with continuation of same exercises. The treatment was provided twice a day, thrice in a week for three months. Results: After the treatment of 3 months the NPRS score became 1 out of 10 in right knee and 0 out of 10 in the left knee which was 9 and 7 before the treatment. On the basis of evaluating ankylosing spondylitis Quality of life questionnaire we found that the physiotherapy treatment is very effective to improve quality of life in patient with osteoarthritis associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Quality of life.
Effect of Neural Flossing, Nerve mobilization along with Class 4 Laser on Nerve
Conduction Velocity in patients with Diabetic Neuropathy: A Study Protocol
RASHMI BHATIA1, DIVYA MIDHA2, SUBHASISH CHATTERJEE3 Post-Graduate student, Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala, Haryana, India1 , Associate professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala, Haryana, India2, Assistant professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala, Haryana, India3
Background: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is the most common complexity of diabetes mellitus. Although various methods of treatment are available, none of them addressed fully with all possible consequences or may have disadvantages. Aims: The aim of the study is to show prompt improvement in the NCV values in patients of DN receiving neural mobilsation or neural flossing and class 4 lasers. Materials & Methods: This is a pretest-posttest experimental study.30 participants will be divided into 2 groups-one receiving neural flossing along with class 4 lasers and other will receive neural mobilization along with class 4 lasers for common peroneal nerve . Pretreatment and post treatment NCV scores will be recorded for both the groups. Conclusion: The results of the study can be used as supportive evidence for choosing the therapeutic interventions in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. Keywords: Diabetic mellitus, Class 4 Laser, Neural flossing, Neural Mobilsation
EFFECTIVENESS OF SCOLIOSIS CORRECTION CHAIR IN PATIENTS WITH ADOLESCENT
IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS – A SYNOPSIS
SHIVAM MITTAL Guide- Dr. BABINA MANCHANDA (Junior physiotherapist, PGI Chandigarh) and Co-Guide Dr. DEEPAK CHHABRA (Assistant Professor, MACOP, Agroha)
BACKGROUND & PURPOSE: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is defined as a lateral curvature of spine greater than 10* accompanied by vertebral rotation and has a tendency to get corrected
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by sustained translatory, rotatory and longitudinal stresses. For this purpose, we have designed a chair which has the capacity to provide the stresses required to correct the AIS. Our purpose here is to present the proposal for the research to check the effectiveness of scoliosis correction chair in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis METHODOLOGY: In this experimental study, 60 subjects suffering from AIS will be taken, and by random sampling will divided into two groups. The subjects will be selected as per the inclusion (: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Cobb’s angle >10 * and Age 10 to 18 years) and exclusion criteria (Cobb’s angle >60*, any neurological leg and any associated fracture). To the intervention group, scoliosis chair management along with conventional scoliosis management will be given and to the control group only conventional scoliosis management will be given. The chair was designed to correct the three dimensional scoliosis: lateral shift, rotation and compression. The outcome variables will be Cobb’s angle, pedicle rotation and ODI. Outcome variables will be measured at 0 week, 6 week and 12 week. DATA ANALYSIS: the data will be analyzed using ANNOVA
Satisfaction level among physiotherapy professionals in North India
MANOJ MALIK*, JASPREET KAUR*, PINKY**, CHARU** *Assistance professor, Department of physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University Of Science & Technology, Hisar. **MPT Student, Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University Of Science & Technology, Hisar.
INTRODUCTION- Physiotherapy is a Rehabilitation profession that remediates impairments and promotes mobility, function, and quality of life through examination, diagnosis, prognosis, and physical intervention. For thousands of years, people with illnesses and disabilities were treated with various methods, making use of movements (with or without the aid of mechanical devices) as well as air, water, heat and cold, electricity, and light. AIMS & OBJECTIVES- The aim of the study to assess the satisfaction level of physiotherapy professionals. METHODOLOGY- The study began with the questionnaire to measure the job satisfaction. A Speakman questionnaire survey was selected as an appropriate tool for data collection. 120 complete questionnaire were selected. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. In part 1consists of Demographical data & in part 2 questions related to job satisfaction. A seven point Likert scales was used to measure the response of each item. DATA ANALYSIS- The data analysis was according to the scores. For each of the five positive statements, an agreement score of 7 indicated the highest degree of satisfaction and a score of 1 the highest dissatisfaction. As for each of the five negative statements, the scores were reversed so that a score of 1 indicated the highest degree of satisfaction and 7 the highest dissatisfaction. RESULT- Result showed a good satisfaction level of the physiotherapy professionals of North India. CONCLUSION- physiotherapists in North India can find positive and rewarding aspects in their daily working lives; the capability of finding the positive aspects in their professional lives despite, at times, feeling stressed and discontented implies that they have accomplished a means of obtaining job satisfaction
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Recent Trends & Advances in Field of Physiotherapy
Workshops
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