Rahasia Pemrograman Java

7/24/2019 Rahasia Pemrograman Java

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A5007FFFD9}}}}}\paperw11893\paperh16840\margl666\margr133\margt666\margb666\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li49


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20\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li4920\ri0\sl-693\slmult0 \fs50\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b{M}\b0 \fs38\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {ENGENAL}\b0 { }\fs50\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {J}\b0 \fs38\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {AVA}\b0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Bagian awal ini akan mengajak }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Anda untukmengenal lebih dekat}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bahasa pemrograman Java. Lebih khusus lagi, kita akan meng-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {eksplorasi komponen-komponen }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {fundamental yang perlu sekali}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {diketahui dan dipahami dengan baik. Se}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lain itu, bagian ini juga akan }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mengulas secara garis besar tentang}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {fitur-fitur baru Java versi 5.0}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dan 6. Diharapkan uraian ini }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nantinya dapat membantu memudah-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl

-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kan Anda ketika ingin mengungkap }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {rahasia-rahasia Java selan-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {jutnya.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \*\tx2680\fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {1}\b0 \tab \fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Sekilas Java}\b0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Tentunya Anda tidak asinglagi }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dengan nama Java, sebuah bahasa}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pemrograman berorientasi objek}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { yang dikembangkan oleh Sun}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Microsystems. Di bagian awal ini, }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kita akan mengulas tentang sekilas}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Java yang ditinjau dari as}\fs20\cf0

\f0\charscalex100 {pek lingkungan pengembangan dan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {produk. Diharapkan ulasan ini na}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ntinya dapat memperjelas termi-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nologi ataupun pernyataan-pernyataan yang kerapkali membi-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ngungkan, terutama bagi ya}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ng baru mengenal Java.}\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn666\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf

0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Lingkungan Pengembangan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Dalam mendiskusikan Java, ki}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ranya penting sekali untuk mem-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bedakan antara bahasa pemrograman}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Java, Java Virtual Machine,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult


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0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dan platform Java. Bahasa pemrogr}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {aman Java adalah bahasa yang}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {digunakan untuk menghasilkan aplikas}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {i-aplikasi Java. Pada umum-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nya, bahasa pemrograman hanya }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100{mendefinisikan sintaks dan peri-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {laku bahasa.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Pada saat program Java dikompila}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {si,ia akan dikonversi ke bentuk}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bytecode, yang merupakan bahasa}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { mesinyang portable. Selan-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {jutnya, bytecode tersebut dijalanka}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n di JavaVirtual Machine (atau}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {disebut Java VM atau JVM). Mesk}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ipun JVM dapatdiimplementasikan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {langsung di perangkat keras, nam}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {un biasanya diimplementasikan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dalam bentuk program perangkat }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lunak yang mengemulasimesin}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(komputer) dan digunakan untuk }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {menginterpretasi bytecode.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Platform dapat didefinisika}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n sebagai perangkat lunak pendukung}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {untuk aktivitas-aktivitas tertentu. Pl}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {atform Java sendiri pada prin-}\par

\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sipnya berbeda dengan bahasa Java at}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {au JVM. Platform Java adalah}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {himpunan kelas-kelas Java yang }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sudah didefinisikan sebelumnya}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dan eksis sejak instalasi Java. Pl}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {atform Java juga mengacu pada}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lingkungan runtime atau API (}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Application Programming Interface}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {)}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Java.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Edisi Java }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Guna mencakup lingkungan-lingkungan aplikasiyang berbeda, Sun}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex10

0 {mendefinisikan 3 (tiga) edisi Java.}\par\pard\li2453\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2786\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition)}\par\pard\li2786\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Edisi ini ditujukan bagi lingkungan dengan sumber daya ter-}\par\pard\li2786\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {batas, seperti smartcard, ponsel, dan PDA.}\par\pard\li2453\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2786\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition)}\par\pard\li2786\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Edisi ini ditujukan bagi lingkunga}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n workstation, seperti pem-}\par\pard\li2786\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {buatan aplikasi-aplikasi dekstop.}\par\pard\li2453\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2786\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {J2EE (Java 2 EnterpriseEdition)}\par\pard\li2786\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Edisi i

ni ditujukan bagi lingkungan Internet atau aplikasi ter-}\par\pard\li2786\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {distribusi dalam skala besar.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop12600\shpright9040\shpbottom12773\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2029\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}


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{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn666\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Perbedaan setiap edisi meliputi }\fs20\cf0\f0\char

scalex100 {fitur-fitur bahasa yang didukung dan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {API yang tersedia. Berdasarkan tingkatannya, edisi yang lebih tinggi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mampu mengemulasikan edisi yang }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lebih rendah.Adapun urutan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {edisi dari yang tertinggi ke renda}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {h adalah J2EE, J2SE, dan J2ME.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Versi Java}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ada hal yang menarik dan perlu ki}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ta cermati mengenai versi-versi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Java yang telah dirilis. Sun menggunakan dua jenis versi untuk}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mengidentifikasikan rilis Java, yai}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tu ver

si produk dan versi developer.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Seperti kita ketahui, versi terbaru saat ini adalah versi 6 (versi }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {produk) atauversi 1.6.0 (versi developer), dengan nama kode Mus-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tang.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sejak tahun 2006, Sun juga menyed}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {erhanakan penamaan platform}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dengan tujuan untuk mencerminkan }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tingkat kematangan, stabilitas,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {skalabilitas, dan sekuriti yang lebih baik. Jika penamaan versi sebe-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lumnyaadalah Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition 5.0 (J2SE 5.0),}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {maka sekarang disederhanakan me}\fs20\c

f0\f0\charscalex100 {njadi Java Platform, Standard}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Edition 6 (Java SE 6, atau }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lebih sering disebut Java 6).}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-506\slmult0 \*\tx2680\fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b{2}\b0 \tab \fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Kompilasi dan Interpretasi}\b0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Seperti diketahui, Java adalah}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100{ bahasa pemrograman yang kode}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {programnya dikompilasi dan diin}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {terpretasi. Meskipun pembuatan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\chars


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calex100 {aplikasi Java dapat d}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ilakukan melalui IDE(}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Integrated Development }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Environment}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {), namun di sini kita me}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mfokuskan pada tool command-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {line untuk kompilasi dan interpretasi.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Kompilasi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx3213\*\tx3853\*\tx4813\*\tx5453\*\tx6520\*\tx8013\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Kompilasi}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kode}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {program}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Java}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dilakukan}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {menggunakan}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tool}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \*\tx5026\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {command-line yang bernama}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {javac}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, atau biasa disebut kompiler}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Java. Tahapkompilasi ini bertuj}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {uan untuk mengonversi kode sumber}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ke program biner yang berisi byt}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ecode, yaitu instruksi-instruksi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mesin. Contohberikut memperlih}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {atkan cara melakukan kompilasi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pada file program Coba.java (asu}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {msi sudah berada di command-line}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {atau shell).}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {javac Coba.java}\par\par

d\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5146\shpright9040\shpbottom5320\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2030\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 174}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop6333\shpright9040\shpbottom6506\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2031\shpz1\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}


9/126

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop6506\shpright9040\shpbottom6680\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2032\shpz2\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 174}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop6680\shpright9040\shpbottom6853\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2033\shpz3\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}




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{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn666\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs

18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Saat mengompilasi kode program, }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kita juga diperkenankan untuk}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {menspesifikasikan versi rilis tertentu. Aturan dasar dalam spesifikasi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {versi ini cukup sederhana, di mana versi terbaru dapat mengenali}\par\pard\li210


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6\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {versi-versi di bawahnya, namunti}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dak demikian sebaliknya. Sebagai}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {contoh, untuk mengetahui apakahkode}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { program dapat berjalan di}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {versi 1.4 ataukah tidak, tambahkan opsi}{ }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {\uc1\u8211Xsource 1.4}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {javac \uc1\u8211Xsource 1.4 Coba.java}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \*\tx2626\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Jika}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {\uc1\u8211Xsource}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { digunakan untuk menspesifikasi}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kan rilis asal, opsi }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {\uc1\u8211Xtarget}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { berfungsi untuk menetapkan versi tujuan. Opsi-opsi lain yang}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sering digunakan diperlihatkan sebagai berikut:}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {// Menetapkan lokasi file-file kelas (classpath)}\i0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {javac -cp D:\\java Coba.java}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {javac -classpathD:\\java Coba.java}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {// Menetapkan lokasi file .class yang akan dihasilkan}\i0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {javac -d D:\\java Coba.java}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {// Hasil: file Coba.class diletakkan di D:\\java}\i0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {// Mendapatkan informasi mengenai apa yang dilakukan kompile

r}\i0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {javac -verbose Coba.java}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i{// Mendapatkan informasi versi (developer)}\i0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {javac -version}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sekadar catatan, untuk memuda}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hkan pemanggilan kompiler, tam-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bahkan path yang berisi file-file }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {executable (di direktori bin) ke}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {variabel sistem Path. Untuk le}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bih praktisnya, Anda bisa meng-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \*\tx4426\*\tx7640\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {gunakan kotak dialog}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Environment Variables}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (melalui}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {System}\b0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0

\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Properties}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {).}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Apabila Anda bekerjadi lingkungan }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Unix/Linux, modifikasilah file}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {/etc/profile}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { dengan menambahkan baris berikut:}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {PATH=/lokasi_instalasi/bin:$PATH}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {export PATH}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Interpretasi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sebagaimana disinggung, kode program}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Java tidak dieksekusi di}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {komputer secara langsung, tetapi berj}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {alan di atas komputer hipotesis}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \f

s20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {yang distandardisasikan, yang disebut}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Java Virtual Machine. Untuk}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \*\tx7920\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {menginterpretasi bytecode, ki}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ta menggunakan tool bernama}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {java}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {atau biasa disebut interpreter Java. }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Pada saat menginterpretasi, Anda}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {4}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage


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{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop4160\shpright9040\shpbottom4333\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2046\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop6213\shpright9040\shpbottom6386\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2047\shpz1\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn666\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tidak perlu menyertakan ekstensi file}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (.java atau .class), cukup nama}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slm

ult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {file saja.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {java Coba}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Untuk kasus program-program berbasis teks, hasil keluaranakan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {langsung ditampilkan di command-line.}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { Terkait hal ini, tool java}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {memungkinkanAnda untuk meng-capture hasil keluaran dan me-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nyimpannya di sebuah file. }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Contoh perintah berikut akan me}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nangkap hasil keluaran program}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-2


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40\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Coba dan menyimpannya di file}{ }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {coba.txt}\b0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {java Coba > coba.txt}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Apabila Anda menggunakan perintah }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {di atas pada aplikasi GUI,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {maka file keluaran akan tetap diciptakan, namun tidak ada isinya}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(dengan asumsi bahwa program ti}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dakmencetak teks keluaran).}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \*\tx2680\fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {3}\b0 \tab \fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Elemen Bahasa}\b0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Secara garis besar, elemen-eleme}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n di setiap bahasa pemrograman}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sebenarnya hampir sama. Meskip}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {un demikian, ada elemen-elemen}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {khusus yang membedakan dan sekaligus mencerminkan identitas}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {suatu bahasa. Adapun mengingat di si}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ni kita bekerja denganbahasa}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pemrograman Java, tentunya kita }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {juga perlu memahami elemen-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {elemen dasar bahasa ini.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Tipe Data}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\s

l-360\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Tipe data di Java dikelompokkan }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {menjadi dua jenis, yaitu tipe}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {primitif dan reference (kelas). Tipe primitif/dasar adalah tipe-tipe}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bawaan, meliputi}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {boolean}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {char}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {byte}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {short}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {int}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {long}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {float}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dan}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {double}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Sementara itu, tipe reference memiliki semantik seperti}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0

\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pointer. Jenis tipe reference meliputi kelas, interface, dan array.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100{Apabila Anda ingin memperlakukan }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nilai primitif sebagai suatu}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {objek, Anda bisa memanfaatkan }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kelas-kelas pembungkus (wrapper).}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \*\tx4906\*\tx5880\*\tx7080\*\tx7706\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Kelas-kelas tersebut meliputi}\tab \fs18\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Boolean}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs18\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Character}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs18\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Byte}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs18\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Short}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \*\tx3106\*\tx3746\*\tx4946\fs18\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Integer}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs18\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Long}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs18\cf0\f1\chars

calex100 {Float}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, dan}\tab \fs18\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Double}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {. Perhatikan sintaksnya (pe-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nulisan huruf kecil dan besar), agar tidak keliru dengan tipe-tipe}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {primitif.}\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5266\shpright9040\shpbottom5440\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2048\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}


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{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 174}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5440\shpright9040\shpbottom5613\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2049\shpz1\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}

{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}

{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5613\shpright9040\shpbottom5786\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2050\shpz2\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5786\shpright9040\shpbottom5960\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2051\shpz3\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}


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{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop7080\shpright9040\shpbottom7253\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2054\shpz6\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}


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{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn666\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs


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18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Deklarasi dan Inisialisasi Variabel}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sebelum digunakan, setiap variabel}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { harus dideklarasikan terlebih}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dahulu. Langkah ini dilakukan denga}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n menetapkan tipe data dan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nama variabel. Pernyataan deklar}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {asi variabel tunggal juga dapat}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {digunakan untuk mendeklarasikan lebi}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hdari satu variabel, tetapi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {semuanya harus bertipe sama.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {int i;}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {int j;}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {// ekuivalen dengan kedua pernyataan di atas}\i0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {int i, j;}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Deklarasi juga dapat sekaligus me}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lakukan inisialisasi terhadap suatu}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {variabel.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {int i = 2;}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \

fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {int j = 3;}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {int i = 2, j = 3;}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Initial Value}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Saatmendeklarasikan variabel ke}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {las, kita tidak harus melakukan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {inisialisasi karena kompiler akan meng-assign initial value (nilai awal }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {atau default). Nilai default untuk se}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mua tipe reference adalah null. }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \*\tx4653\*\tx6360\*\tx7133\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Nilai default tipe primitif}\tab \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {boolean}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { adalah}\tab \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {false}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {char}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {

adalah}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \*\tx4346\*\tx5093\*\tx5600\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\\u0000, integer (}\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {byte}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {short}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {int}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {long}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {) adalah 0, dan floating}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {point (}\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {float}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {double}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {) adalah 0.0.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ruang Lingkup Variabel}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Java mendefinisikan empat jenis va}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {riabel, meliputi variabel instance}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(field non-statis), variabel kelas (f}\fs20\cf0\f

0\charscalex100 {ield statis), variabel lokal, dan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {parameter. Istilah field mengacu pa}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {da variabel instance dan variabel}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kelas (terkadang disebut member va}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {riable). Sementara itu, istilah}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {variabel mengacu pada semua jenis variabel.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Lokasi di mana suatu variabel dide}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {klarasikan secara eksplisit juga}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {menetapkan ruanglingkupnya. Rua}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ng lingkup variabel adalah wi-}\par


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\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {layah di mana suatuvariabel dapat diacu melalui namanya. Ruang}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lingkup juga menyatakan kapan vari}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {abel akan diciptakan dan di-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hapus dari memori. }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {6}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5026\shpright9040\shpbottom5200\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2057\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 174}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5200\shpright9040\shpbottom5373\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2058\shpz1\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5373\shpright9040\shpbottom5546\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2059\shpz2\shpbxpage\shpbypage

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}


22/126

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5546\shpright9040\shpbottom5706\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2060\shpz3\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 160}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5706\shpright9040\shpbottom5880\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2061\shpz4\shpbxpage\shpbypage{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 174}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2746\shptop5880\shpright9040\shpbottom6053\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2062\shpz5\shpbxpage\shpbypage

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 6294}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 173}}{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,0);(0,173);(6293,173);(6293,0);(0,0);}}{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}}


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{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 15000804}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn666\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Blok}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Blok adalah kelompok pernyataan (nol}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { atau lebih) di dalamtanda}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kurung kurawal. Penggunaan blok de}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ngan pernyataan alir kontrol}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sangat direkomendasikan, meskip}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {un hanya melibatkan sebuah per-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nyataan.}\par\pard

\li2106\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {if (kondisi) }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-186\slmult0 \*\tx2306\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\{}\tab \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {// awal blok}\i0 \par\pard\li2586\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {// pernyataan}\i0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx2306\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\}}\tab \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {// akhir blok}\i0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Komentar}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Penulisan komentar dapat mengadopsi blok komentar gaya C}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ataupun C++. Komentar gaya ba}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hasa C lazimnya digunakan untuk}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {komentar yang terdiri atas beberapa}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { baris. Sementara itu, komentar}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {gay

a C++, yang dinyatakan melalu}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {i karakter //, umumnyadigunakan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {untukkomentar satu baris.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Untuk komentar-komentar yang ak}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {an dimasukkanke dokumentasi}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dan dihasilkan melalui tool }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {javadoc, disarankan menggunakan /**}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dandiakhiri dengan karakter */.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \*\tx2680\fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {4}\b0 \tab \fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Aturan Penamaan}\b0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-200\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Di dalam pemrograman, suatu na}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ma digunakan untuk mengacu ke}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253

\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {entitas yang dideklarasikan. Terkait hal ini, ada beberapa aturan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dasar penamaan yang perlu sekali diperhatikan dalam upaya meng-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {hasilkan kode program yang}{ }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {readable}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Penamaan Paket}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Nama awal paket sebaiknya terdiri at}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {as dua atau tiga huruf kecil, dan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {biasanya menggunakan nama domain Inte}\fs18\cf0\


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f0\charscalex100 {rnet, seperti com, org, net,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dan edu. Selain itu, Anda juga }\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {diperkenankan memberi nama paket}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dengan kode-kode negara, seperti id, uk, atau au. Penggunaan nama}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {domain ini bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya konflik paket,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dengan asumsi bahwa Anda tidak menggunakan nama domain}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \*\tx2840\*\tx3440\*\tx4373\*\tx5266\*\tx5986\*\tx6720\*\tx7666\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {orang}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lain.}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Sebagai}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {contoh,}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nama}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {paket}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {berbasis}\tab \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {domain}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {http://didik.indodesain.com adalah}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100{com.indodesain.didik}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li8213\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {7}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn11893\pghsxn16840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn666\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0

\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Penamaan Kelas dan Interface}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Nama kelas dan interface sebai}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {knya berupa kata benda atau ung-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kapan kata benda yang deskriptif da}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n tidak terlalu panjang. Penulisan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nama mengacu pada sintaks Pasc}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {al, di mana huruf pertama untuk}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {setiap kata adalah hurufbesa}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {r dan tidak ada spasi, misalnya}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {Bangun}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {SegiTiga}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, atau

}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {KoneksiData}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Penamaan Method}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Nama method seharusnya berupa kata kerja atau ungkapan kata}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kerja. Penulisan method mengacu pada}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { sintaks Camel, dimana huruf}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pertama untuk setiap kata pertam}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {a adalah huruf kecil danhuruf}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pertama kata selanjutnya adalah }\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {huruf besar. Nama method umum-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {nya juga mencerminkan operas}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {i yang dilakukannya, contohnya}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {seperti}{ }\fs20\cf0\

f1\charscalex100 {setData}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {getData}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {isValidData}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, atau}{ }\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {toString}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {PenamaanVariabel }\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Penamaan variabel-variabel kelas (}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {fields}\fs18\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {) mirip dengan penamaan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {method. Untuk penamaan variabel}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lokal dan parameter, seringkali}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f


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0\charscalex100 {menggunakan suatu akronim, singkata}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100{n, atau istilah-istilah yang}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mudah diingat, contohnya seperti sr (}\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {StreamReader}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {), buf (buffer), d}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(}\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {double}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {), dan s (}\fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {String}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {).}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx2453\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\tab \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Penamaan Konstanta}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Seperti umumnya bahasa pemrogr}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {aman, nama konstanta di Java}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {harus berupa huruf besar semua. Ap}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {abila nama konstanta terdiri atas}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {beberapa kata, sebaiknya pisahka}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {n dengan tanda garis bawah \uc1\u8220X_\uc1\u8221X.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \*\tx6186\*\tx6773\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Contoh penamaan konstanta misalnya}\tab \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {MAX}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {,}\tab \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {MAX_DATA}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, atau}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {MAX_LEN_DATA}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \*\tx2680\fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {5}\b0 \tab \fs28\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Paket dan Namespace}\b0 \par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Paket bertujuan mengorganisir ke}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {terhubungan kelas d

an mendefinisi-}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kan namespace untuk kelas-kelas ya}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ng berada di dalamnya. Dalam}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {upaya memudahkan penggunaan, menghindari konflik nama, dan}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-240\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mengontrol akses kelas-kelas maupun in}\fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {terface-interface, kita bisa}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-253\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {mengelompokkannya ke dalam suatu paket.}\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2106\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\par

Date post:	22-Feb-2018
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Rahasia Pemrograman Java

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