2006 Rail Development Plan

West Central Ohio Port Authority

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Rail Development Plan West Central Ohio Port Authority 937-324-7644 76 East High Street 937-328-3940 fax Springfield, Ohio 45502 lhimes@ci.springfield.oh.us Website: www.clarktcc.com/westco.htm Board of Directors:

James Agle Clark County Gordon Conn Fayette County Gerald Damewood Champaign County Dr. Richard Henry, P.E., PhD. Clark County Betty Mowrey Champaign County Dale Ritenour Fayette County Alan Thompson Clark County

Officers:

Gordon Conn Chairman Alan Thompson Vice Chairman Larry Himes Secretary-Treasurer

Indiana & Ohio Railway Company 513-860-1000 498 Circle Freeway Drive, Suite 230 513-860-3888 fax Cincinnati, OH 45246 Scott.Hulstrom@RailAmerica.com Bill.Hudran@RailAmerica.com Website: www.RailAmerica.com Officials:

Scott Hulstrom President – RailAmerica Operations Central Bill Hudran IORY General Manager

Clark County-Springfield TCC 937-324-7751 76 East High Street 937-328-3940 fax Springfield, OH 45502 ccstcc@ci.springfield.oh.us Website: www.clarktcc.com Board Liaison: Alan Thompson

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Clark County - Springfield Transportation Study

Thea J. Walsh Transportation Director J. Lamar Daniel Transportation Planner II Eric B. Ottoson Transportation Planner II Scott G. Schmid Transportation Planner II Chris W. Harkness Transportation Planner I Joyce A. Davis Administrative Secretary Sue E. Harber Fiscal Officer Larry W. Himes WESTCO Secretary-Treasurer

* * * * * * * * * This report was prepared by the Clark County-Springfield Transportation Study in cooperation with the Ohio Rail Development Commission, the Ohio Department of Transportation, the West Central Ohio Port Authority and the Indiana & Ohio Railway Company.

The preparation and publication of this report was cooperatively financed by the Federal Highway Administration, the Federal Transit Administration, the Ohio Department of Transportation, Clark County, the City of Springfield, and the West Central Ohio Port Authority.

The contents of this report reflect the views of the Clark County-Springfield Transportation Study, which is responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official view and policies of the Ohio Department of Transportation or the US Department of Transportation. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

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Clark County - Springfield Transportation Coordinating Committee

John W. Sesslar, Chairman

Citizen Member Robert A. Warren, Vice Chairman Springfield Area Chamber of Commerce

Dwain Bartley* Citizen Member

Tom Junk Citizen Member

Bruce Smith Clark County Engineer

Elmer Beard Mayor, Village of Enon

Toni Keller Mayor, Village of South Vienna

Geoff Steele Assistant Director, Job & Family Services

Bob Bender City Manager, New Carlisle

Gene Kelly Clark County Sheriff

Roger Tackett Clark County Commissioner

Nancy Brown Trustee, Bethel Township

John Krabacher Council Member, City of New Carlisle

Orphus Taylor Assistant Mayor, City of Springfield

Jim Campbell National Trail Parks & Recreation

David Locke Trustee, Pleasant Township

Alan Thompson WESTCO Port Authority

John Detrick Clark County Commissioner

Bob McKie Citizen Member

Marjorie Travis Council Member, Village of Enon

William George Springfield City Area Transit

Kevin O’Neill Springfield City Commissioner

Ned Weber* Deputy, Clark County Engineer’s Department

Tim Gothard Director, City of Springfield Planning & Engineering

Matt Parrill ODOT District 7

Sarah Wildman Village Manager, Village of South Charleston

Herb Greer Clerk, Springfield Township

Nancy Pence Clerk, Pike Township

Paul Wilson Trustee, Harmony Township

David Hartley Clark County Commissioner

Leo Shanayda Springfield City Engineer

W. Darrell Howard* Clark County Administrator

Kent Sherry Springfield Area Chamber of Commerce

* Non-voting Member

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Rail Development Plan

Table of Contents 4

Introduction 5 Maintenance Highlights 7 Other Highlights 9 WESTCO PA Track Roster by County 10 WESTCO PA System Map 12

RailAmerica Heartland Region System Map 13 Planning & Development Priorities 14

Capital Projects South Charleston Mainline Track 16 Bridge #224.7 over Sugar Creek in Fayette County 22 Urbana/Maitland Mainline Track 27

Bridge over US 36 (Miami Street) in Urbana 32 Future Track Abandonment (Possible) 33 Maitland Connection 34

Fayne Connection 35 Bridge Program 36 At-Grade Crossings – Safety & Surfaces 39

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Rail Development Plan Introduction The West Central Ohio Port Authority (WESTCO) was created by the Boards of County Commissioners of Champaign, Clark, and Fayette counties pursuant to Chapter 4582 of the Ohio Revised Code for the public purpose of preserving railroad assets and providing for the continued operation of rail freight services. WESTCO has a board of seven directors. The directors are appointed by agreement among the participating counties. The board is responsible for the governing of the port authority pursuant to the Ohio Revised Code and the board's adopted rules and regulations. The secretary/treasurer is the point of contact for the board. WESTCO owns 94 miles of railroad track in Champaign, Clark, Fayette, Logan, and Madison counties. WESTCO has leased the tracks to the Indiana & Ohio Railway Company (IORY). The IORY is a regional railroad based in Cincinnati, with both owned and leased track in Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan. The IORY is a unit of RailAmerica, Inc., a railroad holding company. The IORY served 7,108 carloads on WESTCO lines in 2005.

Annual Carloads

01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,000

Year

Carlo

ads

Carloadings were higher in 2005 than 2004 due to higher grain carloads. 1994 was the first year in which all the current lines were owned by WESTCO.

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WESTCO owns 94 miles of railroad infrastructure and rights-of-way. A system map and a roster of the various lines and their lengths, by county, are shown on pages 10-11. The lines were acquired from the Grand Trunk Western Railroad (3 transactions) and Conrail (2 transactions). The IORY can interchange rail traffic originating or terminating on WESTCO lines at the following locations: Class I Railroads:

• Canadian National at Cincinnati and Flat Rock, Michigan • CSXT at Cincinnati, Lima, Middletown and Hamler, and • Norfolk Southern at Lima, Springfield, Cincinnati and Monroe • Western Railroads at Chicago through the CFER (see below)

Sister Railroads: • Chicago, Ft. Wayne, & Eastern Railroad at Lima and with interchange at Chicago, IL • Central Railroad of Indiana at Valley Junction, OH • Indiana Southern Railroad through CIND

Other Railroads: • Ann Arbor Railroad at Diann, MI • Adrian and Blissfield Railroad at Riga, MI • RJ Corman Railroad at Lima • Wheeling Lake Erie Railroad at Lima

The IORY also uses a portion of WESTCO's Maitland line from Maitland to Cold Springs and the South Charleston line from Springfield to Fayne for overhead (bridge) traffic, i.e., traffic not originating or terminating on the WESTCO lines. See the map of RailAmerica’s Heartland Region on page 12. In 1994, WESTCO, the Board of Commissioners of Clark County and the Clark County - Springfield Transportation Coordinating Committee (TCC) entered into a Memorandum of Understanding for rail planning. In 1996, the parties entered into another Memorandum of Understanding whereby TCC provides administrative services for WESTCO. In 2005, the parties agreed to increase the administrative services provided though TCC, effective in March, 2006.

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The TCC is the metropolitan planning organization for multi-modal transportation planning in Clark County. The TCC office, also known as the Transportation Study, is responsible for the rail plan development in cooperation with the WESTCO, the IOCR, the Ohio Rail Development Commission (ORDC), the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT), rail users, and interested parties. The Rail Development Plan is a narrative and program of proposed projects. The purpose of the plan is to assist the WESTCO board of directors, its officers, the IORY, state and local officials, and others. It is a capital improvement plan aimed at maintaining and improving the existing rail infrastructure, enhancing safety, and providing a satisfactory route system and service connections for WESTCO customers. Maintenance Highlights Since the last Rail Development Plan, the railroad bridge over Upper Valley Pike was completed and placed in service in April, 2005.

This project involved the replacement of a deficient 100 year-old railroad bridge over Upper Valley Pike and an environmentally sensitive tributary of the Mad River in Springfield, Ohio. The old two-span bridge consisted of a deck plate girder superstructure resting on a reinforced concrete

substructure. Vertical clearance was insufficient at the posted 12’-8”, resulting in numerous girder impacts over the years. Early in the preliminary planning stages of the proposed bridge, the existing rear abutment seat fractured, and the possibility of bridge failure became imminent. A temporary support was designed immediately and installed in front of the abutment to support the aging structure. The location of this support was chosen to be the location of the new rear abutment, so that components of the support could be incorporated into the proposed foundation design, saving time and money.

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The finished replacement bridge was designed to comply with current AREMA specifications and consists of 4 spans, including a main “through girder” span of 100 feet, and three open jumper spans. Tracks within the main span are connected to a concrete deck by means of direction fixation tie plates, as a traditional ballasted deck would have raised the track profile an undesirable amount. The straightforward design allowed the project to be completed just four months after demolition of the old bridge began. The track was out of service for just 85 days during construction. This short construction duration limited disruption to rail traffic and minimized inconvenience to motorists.

Vertical clearance under the bridge has increased to exceed minimum requirements, and the span configuration can accommodate future widening of Upper Valley Pike to six lanes at current design speeds. The inclusion of architectural details into the concrete substructure design and bold color choices enhance the aesthetic appeal of this prominent Springfield structure.

Total project cost was almost $2.1 million dollars, with funding comprised of federal funds from the Clark County-Springfield Transportation Coordinating Committee, state funds from the Ohio Rail Development Commission, private funds of the Indiana & Ohio Railway Company, and local funds from the port authority. Other extra-ordinary maintenance projects completed since the last plan include:

• Replacement of the Stoney Run culvert (original construction in 1878) • Two culverts replaced on the South Charleston line • Repairs to the bridge at MP 224.7 on the South Charleston line in Fayette County • Repairs to eliminate slow orders on the South Charleston line and FRA defects on a

portion of the Glen Echo passing track in Clark and Champaign counties

Grade crossing safety improvements (gates and flashers) completed since the last plan include: • SR 4 in Champaign County (3 crossings) • SR 41 in Fayette County • SR 729 in Fayette County • SR 41 in Madison County (completion scheduled for August, 2006)

Routine and extra-ordinary inspections were performed, including: • Track inspections • Annual inspections of all WESTCO bridges • A detailed inspection of WESTCO tracks using a “Sperry” car was completed.

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Engineering services: • Preliminary engineering and design for the rehabilitation and enhancement of the railroad

bridge over US Route 36 (Miami Street) in Urbana was started in April, 2006. Construction is planned for 2007. The bridge was built in 1926.

Other Highlights WESTCO was awarded $576,576 in federal-aid funding through Congressional earmarks for “rehabilitation/replacement of rail grade separations along the West Central Ohio Port Authority route in Champaign and Clark Counties.” By policy on obligating authority, this amount was reduced by ODOT to $480,480. This funding will be applied to the bridge over US 36 in Urbana. WESTCO was also awarded up to $144,680 in “transportation enhancement” federal-aid funding by ODOT for the bridge. The Cooperative Marketing Partnership, together with WESTCO and the IORY, hosted an excursion train and luncheon meeting on August 26, 2005. About 80 people took part in the event. Partners include the chambers of commerce in Champaign, Clark and Fayette counties, Columbia Gas, First Energy (Ohio Edison), the City of Springfield and Clark County. The partners share costs and the work effort to advertise rail-served sites and support economic development efforts in Champaign, Clark, and Fayette counties. Lastly, WESTCO continued participating on the “Ohio Ports Council” with the other port authorities in the state and the Ohio Department of Development.

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Track Roster

Track From To Total Line Between Feet Milepost Milepost Length Champaign Clark Fayette Logan Madison

South Charleston Line Springfield – Washington C.H. 202.70 229.83 27.13 11.09 11.98 4.06 South Solon Siding South Solon 215.44 216.07 0.63 0.63

Jeffersonville Siding Jeffersonville 222.34 222.74 0.40 0.40 Handy Track Runaround 45.99 46.58 0.59 0.59

Mechanicsburg Line Springfield - Mechanicsburg 0.00 17.20 17.70 7.60 9.60 Warder Street – Linden Avenue 129.40 130.60 1.20

Warder Yard Runaround 3,000 0.57 Track 837 Scrap Track – Phares Salt 1,547 0.29

Track 845 SW Landmark (Catawba

Station) 147 0.03 0.03

Mechanicsburg Yard

Track 246/847 Included Above – Main Line 0 0.00 0.00 Track 848 Passing 2,193 0.42 0.42 Track 849 Runaround 1,020 0.19 0.19 Track 850 Engine 212 0.04 0.04 Track 851 Loading 1,484 0.28 0.28

Urbana Line Bellefontaine – Glen Echo 98.80 123.80 25.00 15.97 1.50 7.53

Bellefontaine Yard Runaround 8,995 1.70 1.70 Siding 172 0.03 0.03 Siding 134 0.03 0.03

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Track From To Total Line Between Feet Milepost Milepost Length Champaign Clark Fayette Logan Madison

St. Mary’s Branch Bellefontaine 52.73 53.30 0.57 0.57

Track 211 Glen Echo Passing Track 11,657 2.21 0.55 1.66 Track 212 3,325 0.63 0.63 Track 731 Tech II 957 0.18 0.18 Track 732 Tech II 1,127 0.21 0.21 Track 733 1,984 0.38 0.38 Track 734 With a Grain of Salt 1,048 0.20 0.20 Track 735 With a Grain of Salt 1,135 0.21 0.21

Maitland Line Glen Echo – Cold Springs 123.80 132.60 8.80 8.80

Urbana Industrials Urbana

Track 282 Main Track 46.30 48.30 2.00 2.00 Track 206 Lead Track to Industrial Track 3,983 0.75 0.75 Track 284 Champaign Landmark 4,399 0.83 0.83 Track 281 Runaround 4,843 0.92 0.92 Track 974 Orbis Lead Track 963 0.18 0.18 Track 975 Orbis 557 0.11 0.11 Track 976 Orbis 186 0.04 0.04 Track 984 Fiber Sales 1,665 0.32 0.32 Track 985 Fiber Sales 377 0.07 0.07 Track 987 Champaign Landmark 306 0.06 0.06 Track 969 Royster-Clark 286 0.05 0.05 Track 971 Damewood 197 0.04 0.04

Trackage Total (Miles) 94.49 30.44 36.52 12.97 9.86 4.69

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Rail Development Plan Planning & Development Priorities The planning and development emphasis areas for WESTCO in 2006/2007 are: Track & Structures • Finalize the scope of work and secure funding for the rehabilitation of the South

Charleston mainline and the replacement of the mainline bridge #224.7 in 2007. • Continue planning for the rehabilitation of the Urbana/Maitland mainline in 2007/2008,

replace the deck and enhance the mainline bridge over US 36 in Urbana in 2007, and repair the mainline bridge #109.55 in 2006.

• Repair the mainline bridge #1.42 over Buck Creek on the Mechanicsburg line and two

other bridges in Urbana (#115.85 and the “Fiber Sales” bridge) in 2006/2007. • Plan for the future rehabilitation and/or rail replacement of the Mechanicsburg line

between M.P. 2 and M.P. 7. Grade Crossing Safety • Install gates and flashers at the MAD-SR41 crossing in 2006 and complete

programming for installations at MAD-SR323, FAY-Bloomingburg-New Holland Road on the South Charleston mainline and CHP-SR56 on the Mechanicsburg line in 2007.

• Continue efforts to obtain funding for safety improvements for all grade crossings. • Participate in safety planning and activities of the PUCO, ORDC, FRA, Operation

Lifesaver and county task forces.

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Business Development • Participate with customers, the IORY and local development officials in the retention

and expansion of existing business on WESTCO lines. • Support planning initiatives for inter-modal facility development, TOFC/COFC

services, and bulk re-load facilities. • Participate with local jurisdictions on promoting and developing marketable rail-served

sites in Champaign, Clark and Fayette counties through the Cooperative Marketing Partnership, the Job Ready Sites and the Clean Ohio Brownfield Revitalization programs at the Ohio Department of Development.

• Identify opportunities and attract new business to WESTCO lines by establishing or

restoring connections or eliminating impediments in the region or elsewhere. Strategic Issues • Determine the viability of maintaining railroad assets presently “out of service” in

Logan County. • Cooperate with local jurisdictions on transportation, utility and development projects. • Obtain dedicated funding sources for administration of WESTCO.

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The South Charleston Mainline The South Charleston mainline extends from a point southeast of Springfield (M.P. 202.7) to Fayne (M.P. 229.83) near Washington, C.H., a distance of 27.13 miles. It includes the South Solon siding (out of service – ties), the Jeffersonville passing track and the “Handy” Track. The mainline connects with the IORY at both Springfield and Fayne. See the WESTCO map on page 12. The customers on the line include Southwest Landmark and Paygro (pending) at South Charleston and Keynes Bros. at Jeffersonville. In addition to the local freight, the line is used for “overhead” traffic by the IORY. Rehabilitation estimates for maintaining a FRA Class 2 condition for 25 miles per hour operation and for upgrading the line to an FRA Class 3 condition allowing 40 miles per hour operation have been prepared, as described below. Track Rehabilitation The proposed track rehabilitation project would begin at M.P. 202.7 and ends at M.P. 229.83, a distance of 27.3 miles. The project also includes construction of a track connection to the former B&O line at Fayne and rehabilitation of the “Handy” Track. FRA Class 2 Project – Option 1 The preliminary cost estimate for the FRA Class 2 rehabilitation project is $2,011,000. The proposed scope for the track rehabilitation work includes:

• 22,339 crossties replaced • 2,750 tons of ballast placed • 27.59 miles of track regulated and surfaced • Various grade crossings reconstructed • Various drainage improvements

The project is also needed to accommodate 286,000 pound cars that are becoming the industry standard. ORDC or other grant funding will be necessary to advance the project.

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South Charleston Line Track Rehabilitation FRA Class 2

M.P. 202.7 to M.P. 229.83 and

Handy Track with Fayne Connection

Description Quantity Unit Unit Cost Total Installed

South Solon (salvage) Remove Turnout #10-115# RH Bolted Frog 1 Each $800.00 $800Remove Rail M.P. 215.43 to M.P 216.07 117.31 L.F. $70.00 $8,212Rail Salvage Value 85.25 Tons $170.00 -$14,493OTM Salvage Value 32.06 Tons $265.00 -$8,496 Credit -$13,976.70South Charleston Rehab Cross Ties - 7" IG's 21,924 Each $60.00 $1,315,440Surfacing 27.00 Miles $5,000.00 $135,000Ballast in place 2,500 Tons $15.00 $37,500Rail Anchors MP 202.85 to MP 210 20,020 Each $1.25 $25,025Tie Plates 80 Each $6.00 $480Bolts, nuts & washers 100 Sets $2.35 $235Joint Bars 20 Each $38.00 $760Spikes 365 Kegs $75.00 $27,405

Switch Ties 13.0801,000 BF $1,085.00 $14,192

Remove Scrap Ties 21,924 Each $4.00 $87,696Bolt Tightening & Replace Bars 100 Each $10.00 $1,000Remove & replace crossings (Paved) 734 LF $250.00 $183,500Remove & replace crossings (Gravel) 204 LF $45.00 $9,180Remove & replace crossings (Timber & Gravel) 148 LF $65.00 $9,620Bonding 1 L.S. $23,000.00 $23,000RR Protective Insurance 1 L.S. $25,000.00 $25,000 $1,895,033 Handy Track Cross Ties - 7" IG's 415 Each $60.00 $24,900Surfacing 0.59 Miles $5,000.00 $2,950Ballast in place 250 Tons $15.00 $3,750

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Rail Anchors 20 Each $1.25 $25Tie Plates 80 Each $6.00 $480Bolts, nuts & washers 120 Sets $2.35 $282Joint Bars 20 Each $38.00 $760Spikes 7 Kegs $75.00 $519

Switch Ties 0.731,000 BF $1,085.00 $792

Install Switch Ties 12 Each $140.00 $1,680Remove Scrap Ties 427 Each $4.00 $1,708Bolt Tightening & Replace Bars 120 Each $10.00 $1,200 $39,046 Fayne Connection Turnout installation & switch ties 1 Each $10,500.00 $10,500New track installed 150 TF $208.00 $31,200Comp Bars 4 pair $135.00 $540Drainage 1 LS $16,000.00 $16,000Engineering 1 LS $2,912.00 $2,912 $61,152 South Solon (salvage) -$13,977South Charleston Rehab $1,895,033Handy Track $39,046Fayne Connection $61,152Bridges and Contingencies $30,000 $2,011,254

Call $2,011,000

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FRA Class 3 Project – Option 2 A preliminary cost estimate was also prepared to upgrade the track to a FRA Class 3 condition that would accommodate a 40 mph train speed. This improvement would allow for more efficient operations for overhead traffic and support possible intermodal traffic. The preliminary cost estimate for the FRA Class 3 rehabilitation project is $6,505,000. The proposed scope for the track rehabilitation work includes:

• 43,615 crossties replaced • 11,050 tons of ballast placed • Welded rail • 27.14 miles of track regulated and surfaced • Various grade crossings reconstructed • Elevations adjusted at various locations • Various drainage improvements • Engineering Services

The rail needed to weld up the jointed rail may be available if some of the rail in Logan County is re-deployed to the South Charleston line. There would be a savings in rail costs as well as some additional salvage if the re-deployment were to take place. The project is also needed to accommodate 286,000 pound cars that are becoming the industry standard. RailAmerica, ORDC and other grant funding will be necessary for WESTCO to proceed with the project in 2007 or 2008.

The final scope of the project, whether it is Option 1 or Option 2, will likely be revised to reduce the project cost.

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South Charleston Line Track Rehabilitation FRA Class 3

M.P. 202.7 to M.P. 229.83 and

Handy Track with Fayne Connection

Description Quantity Unit Unit Cost Total Installed

South Solon (salvage) Remove Turnout #10-115# RH Bolted Frog 1 Each $800.00 $800Remove Rail M.P. 215.43 to M.P 216.07 117.31 L.F. $70.00 $8,212Rail Salvage Value 85.25 Tons $170.00 -$14,493OTM Salvage Value 32.06 Tons $265.00 -$8,496 Credit -$13,976.70 South Charleston Rehab Cross Ties - 7" Grade 43,200 Each $70.00 $3,024,000Surfacing 27.14 Miles $5,500.00 $149,270Ballast in place 10,800 Tons $15.00 $162,000Rail Anchors 75,992 Each $2.25 $170,982Tie Plates 450 Each $7.00 $3,150Bolts, nuts & washers 43,200 Sets $2.75 $118,800Spikes 1,267 Kegs $79.00 $100,056

Switch Ties 13.0801,000 BF $1,085 $14,193

Tie Plugs 86 Bundles $35.00 $3,024Remove Scrap Ties 43,200 Each $4.00 $172,800Weld Joints 7,349 Each $205.00 $1,506,545Rail 112# 374 Tons $350.00 $130,946Remove & replace crossings (Paved) 734 LF $250.00 $183,500Remove & replace crossings (Gravel) 204 LF $45.00 $9,180Remove & replace crossings (Timber & Gravel) 148 LF $65.00 $9,620Engineering 1 L.S. $287,903 $287,903Contingencies 1 L.S. $287,903 $287,903Bonding 1 L.S. $30,000 $30,000RR Protective Insurance 1 L.S. $25,000 $25,000 $6,388,873

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Handy Track Cross Ties - 7" IG's 415 Each $60.00 $24,900Surfacing 0.59 Miles $5,000.00 $2,950Ballast in place 250 Tons $15.00 $3,750Rail Anchors 20 Each $1.25 $25Tie Plates 80 Each $6.00 $480Bolts, nuts & washers 120 Sets $2.35 $282Joint Bars 20 Each $38.00 $760Spikes 7 Kegs $75.00 $519

Switch Ties 0.731,000 BF $1,085.00 $792

Install Switch Ties 12 Each $140.00 $1,680Remove Scrap Ties 427 Each $4.00 $1,708Bolt Tightening & Replace Bars 120 Each $10.00 $1,200 $39,046 Fayne Connection Turnout installation & switch ties 1 Each $10,500.00 $10,500New track installed 150 TF $208.00 $31,200Comp Bars 4 pair $135.00 $540Drainage 1 LS $16,000.00 $16,000Engineering 1 LS $2,912.00 $2,912 $61,152 South Solon (salvage) -$13,977South Charleston Rehab $6,388,873Handy Track $39,046Fayne Connection $61,152Bridges and Contingencies $30,000 $6,505,094

Call $6,505,000

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Bridge #224.7 Replacement Bridge #224.7 is located on the South Charleston line at M.P. 224.7 in Fayette County. The bridge carries the single mainline track over Sugar Creek. The Creamer Road at-grade crossing (AAR #258 852 U) is adjacent to the bridge. The existing bridge is a 122’ timber trestle structure consisting of 10 spans of varying lengths. There is a 10 mph train speed restriction on the otherwise FRA Class 2 track. Repairs to the bridge were made by WESTCO in 2005 and on several occasions by the DT&I Railroad (prior owner). The age of the bridge is not known, though it is a replacement as pilings from an earlier structure remain. These old pilings, together with all of the existing piers, retain debris in the stream and require periodic clearing to protect the bridge.

The bridge carries local and overhead traffic of the IORY. 286,000 cars are common for both local and overhead traffic. Existing local customers are Southwest Landmark at South Charleston and Keynes Bros. at Jeffersonville. Keynes Bros. recently acquired the elevator facility at Jeffersonville from Bunge. The track also carries local traffic to/from WESTCO customers on the Urbana Line and the Mechanicsburg line.

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The project will replace the existing structure with a new steel beam trestle. The replacement bridge will be designed for E80, current Railroad Standards, for a single FRA Class 3 track. WESTCO has employed an engineering firm for design of the new trestle. Final plans and specifications for the project will be ready in mid-November. With ORDC assistance, the construction contract can be awarded in mid-January, 2007. The preliminary cost estimate for the project is $780,000.

Design (through bidding & contract award) $60,000 Construction (including contingency) $670,000 Construction Engineering & Inspection $50,000

The plan is to open the new bridge to traffic by mid-August, 2007. During the design, it will be determined whether to maintain traffic or to use a 30-45 day detour of overhead traffic. In either case, local traffic can be maintained. The first benefit of the project will be to allow the 10 mph limit to be raised to 25 mph, consistent with the existing Class II track. It also will allow for a possible increase to Class III operations at 40 mph, if the track condition were upgraded. As discussed earlier, WESTCO and IORY are considering plans to rehabilitate the entire line A second benefit would be to reduce concern of ongoing repairs to a deficient structure and potential failure, possibly under traffic. Repairs made in 2005 cost $23,922.00 but were not sufficient to lift the 10 mph restriction. A third benefit of the project is that it would complement and allow for an increase in local and/or overhead traffic on the line. The useful life of the project is at least 75 years.

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Economic Benefits – Track Rehabilitation and Bridge Replacement

The projection is to increase future usage of the line. Southwest Landmark at South Charleston is expanding its operations by constructing a new fertilizer hub facility with deliveries by rail of potash, phosphates and urea beginning in June, 2007 and production starting in August. 2007 carloads are estimated at 600. Subsequent years’ carloads are estimated at 1,100 annually.

The Paygro Division of Garick Corporation is establishing rail access to its facility at South Charleston in 2007. The company has purchased and rehabilitated 1.9 miles of privately owned track. Initially, Paygro intends to receive aggregates, wood chips and organic wastes and ship compost and mulches. The initial estimate of carloads is about 100 for 2007, with expectations to increase rail traffic thereafter.

Paygro was awarded a 2006 Market Development Grant from the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR). The Market Development Grant encourages recycling of a variety of waste streams throughout Ohio, including organic materials. Paygro will use the grant funds to install a food waste processing system ahead of its existing composting operations. The project will better equip Paygro to receive and process pre- and post-consumer food wastes.

Keynes Bros. at Jeffersonville is intending to co-locate a bakery operation next to its existing facility and planned flour mill. 35 acres are available. A carload forecast is not available.

The ethanol plant at Bloomingburg, though not on this line, may generate traffic over this line for corn, ethanol and possibly distiller’s grain. The Smithfield Foods’ Ohio feedlot at South Charleston, adjacent to Paygro, intends to apply for state approval to increase capacity from about 9,000 head to about 21,000 head of cattle.

The fertilizer hub, Paygro, and feedlot can all be served on the Paygro track.

With regard to other future overhead traffic, the IORY has numerous interchange points with Class I’s, sister railroads like the CFER and the CIND, and other railroads like the WLE and AAR. The possibility exists that new overhead traffic might be routed via the South Charleston line.

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Description of Industrial Parks/Sites located along the Line Three rail-served sites on the line are generating considerable interest, one mega-site in Fayette County and two sites in Clark County. The Fayette County location, containing a total of 2,400 acres in the vicinity of I-71 and US 35, was one of the sites the Ohio Department of Development proposed for the Honda assembly plant. An intermodal TOFC service is in the planning process. Proposed start-up is November, 2008. Service is proposed between Jeffersonville and Chicago and Jeffersonville to Detroit (Port of Montreal). An “inland port” for bulk commodities, linked to the Ohio River, is also being considered at the site. A foreign trade zone is available. Both facilities would complement the mega-manufacturing and manufacturing sites. The first Clark County location is Prime Ohio II at I-70 and SR 41. This site contains a total of 230 acres. A second Clark County location is South Charleston. Interest is building for the continued development of agricultural and sustainability-based businesses. Over 100 rail-served acres are available. Environmental Benefits Rail freight transportation for bulk commodities is more fuel efficient and appropriate mode than trucks. Energy savings would also accrue as a benefit of the proposed intermodal TOFC service at Jeffersonville. Congestion Mitigation and Safety Benefits The congestion mitigation benefits of the proposed intermodal TOFC service at Jeffersonville is yet to be quantified. However, congestion would be reduced and safety would be improved on Ohio’s interstate system in the shipping corridors served.

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With the installation of two more safety upgrades in 2007, 12 of the 23 grade crossings on the line will have modern active warning devices with constant warning time circuitry. Nine rural, low traffic volume crossings will remain with passive warning devices and one crossing with active devices needs upgraded circuitry. With this work, the line is fit for 286,000 lb. railcars and the chance of derailment on the line is reduced.

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The Urbana/Maitland Mainline The Urbana/Maitland mainline extends from Cold Springs (M.P. 132.6) to Bellefontaine (M.P. 98.8), a distance of 33.8 miles. It includes the Glen Echo passing track and storage tracks. The Glen Echo passing track is out of service (tie condition). Two of the five storage tracks at Glen Echo are leased to Tech II for transload of plastic resins and two are leased to Convey-It and used for re-load of salt. The Tech II tracks also are used by Freedom Feeds. The line connects with Norfolk Southern main at Cold Springs, but does not connect to the CSX main in Bellefontaine at this time. The CSX mainline switch and connecting tracks were removed by Conrail prior to acquisition of the line by CSX. The northernmost customer served on the line is Champaign Landmark at West Liberty. Other customers on the line include Tech II, Champaign Landmark (Urbana), Orbis Menasha, Damewood Enterprises (Fox River Paper), International Fiber, Convey-It (With a Grain of Salt), Freedom Feeds and Royster Clark. The Glen Echo passing track and the mainline track north of West Liberty is currently used for storage of coal cars not currently needed by the owner. Track Rehabilitation The proposed track rehabilitation project would begin at Cold Springs (M.P. 132.6) and end at SR 508 (M.P. 104.2) north of West Liberty, a distance of 28.4 miles. The preliminary cost estimate for the project is $1, 476,000. The proposed scope for the track rehabilitation work includes:

• 13,400 crossties replaced • 129 switch timbers replaced • 9,100 tons of ballast placed • 31.1 miles of track regulated and surfaced • 5 grade crossings reconstructed • Various drainage improvements

The project is also needed to accommodate 286,000 pound cars that are becoming the industry standard. ORDC or other grant funding will be necessary for WESTCO to proceed with the project.

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Economic Benefits This project provides economic benefits to the state and region. A portion of the track rehabilitation (3.2 miles between Cold Springs and Maitland) is the “macro” rail route that parallels the I-75 freight corridor from Michigan to the Ohio River. 65,000 to 70,000 railcars cross this route annually. This is equivalent to about 200,000 trucks in the congested corridor through Toledo, Findlay, Lima, Dayton and Cincinnati. All commodities are served on the line. It is cleared for 286,000 lb. railcars. The rest of the Urbana/Maitland line is used for rail traffic originating or terminating in Logan, Champaign, Clark and Fayette counties. Rail service greatly benefits the ag-economy by providing transportation to distant markets for grain. Without rail service, transportation costs would increase and market access would be lost. The service benefits the manufacturing economy with the supply of plastic resins. About 500 manufacturing jobs are supported. The following companies located on the Urbana/Maitland line use the rail service:

• Champaign Landmark (3 locations) • Royster Clark • ORBIS • International Fiber Corp. • Fox River Paper • Damewood Enterprises • Convey-It • Freedom Feeds • Tech II.

The project will reduce the wear and tear damages caused by overloaded trucks on the highway system. Environmental Benefits Rail freight transportation for bulk commodities is more fuel efficient and appropriate mode than trucks.

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Congestion Mitigation and Safety Benefits The scope of work for the track rehabilitation portion of the project is essentially cross tie replacement to maintain Federal Railroad Administration Class II standards for safe track. Approximately 13,400 crossties and 139 switch ties will be replaced. The track will be regulated and surfaced. Other minor repairs will be made. With this work, the line is fit for 286,000 lb. railcars and the chance of derailment on the line is reduced.

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Urbana/Maitland Mainline Track Rehabilitation M.P. 104.2 to M.P. 132.6

Description Quantity Unit Material Labor Total Unit Total

Cost Cost Cost Cross Ties - 7" X 9" X 8.5' grade 3 # 5/4 or better 13,400 Each $41.00 $24.00 $65.00 $871,000Remove Scrap Cross Ties 13,529 Each $4.50 $4.50 $60,881 Switch Timbers 10' 33 EA. $38.00 $92.00 $130.00 $4,29011' 17 EA. $54.87 $92.00 $146.87 $2,49712' 19 EA. $59.85 $92.00 $151.85 $2,88513' 19 EA. $64.93 $92.00 $156.93 $2,98214' 18 EA. $69.82 $92.00 $161.82 $2,91315' 13 EA. $74.57 $92.00 $166.57 $2,16516' 10 EA. $79.80 $92.00 $171.80 $1,718 Road Crossings Full Depth Timber- Clean & reuse 32 L.F. $182.00 $182.00 $5,824Timber Header & Gravel, Clean & reuse 16 L.F. $114.00 $114.00 $1,824Timber Header & Gravel, Clean & renew 24 L.F. $100.00 $100.00 $2,400Rail seal & Asphalt, Renew 88 L.F. $60.00 $300.00 $360.00 $31,680FDW, Renew with rail seal & asphalt 18 L.F. $65.00 $250.00 $315.00 $5,670TH/A Renew with Gravel 32 L.F. $100.00 $100.00 $3,200Provide & Place Asphalt 96 Tons $110.00 $100.00 $210.00 $20,160 Ballast, distribute and place 9,100 Tons $10.00 $4.00 $14.00 $127,400

Raise Line & Surface 31.1 Mile

s $5,000.00 $5,000.00 $155,500Raise Line & Surface Switches 6.0 Each $1,250.00 $1,250.00 $7,500Tie Plates 50 Each $4.00 $4.00 $200Bolts 1 Kegs $250.00 $250.00 $250Joint Bars 10 Pairs $45.00 $45.00 $450Joint Tightening 180 Jts. $5.00 $5.00 $900Spikes 227 Kegs $82.00 $82.00 $18,641Remove Turnout to Drackett Lead 1 LS $5,000.00 $5,000.00 $5,000

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M.P. 118 Drainage 1 LS $25,000.00 $21,000.00 $46,000.00 $46,000 Contingency $50,000Administration $5,000Construction Engineering/Inspection $7,000 Bonding $5,000 $5,000RR Protective Insurance $25,000 $25,000 $1,475,930 Call $1,476,000

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Bridge over US 36 (Miami Street) The existing railroad bridge over US 36 is a three span ballast deck type structure with an overall length of 77’. It was built in 1926 by the New York Central Railroad to eliminate an at-grade crossing with the Erie and Pennsylvania Railroads. The vicinity map below shows the location and proximity to downtown Urbana, an area of historic homes, the Pennsylvania depot and the Simon Kenton Trail, which is located on the former Erie Railroad right-of-way.

The need to rehabilitate the bridge by replacing the bridge deck and making other repairs is well documented. In addition, given its location, it was desirable to enhance the bridge with an aesthetic treatment using context sensitive design.

Pennsylvania RR Depot/Trail Staging Area

Simon Kenton Trail

Bridge over US 36(Miami Street)

Historic Home Area

US 36/ Miami Street

Historic Downtown Square Monument

US 68

Railroad Bridge over US 36No Scale

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A plan has been devised that will include new concrete parapets with railing pilasters, repair and sealing of concrete surfaces, painting and other repairs. The final treatment for the bridge is shown below. An historical marker is also planned.

The preliminary total cost estimate for the project is $1,086,000. Funding to partly finance the project is being provided through ODOT by Federal High Priority Project #2938 and #3340 in the amount of $480,480 and a transportation enhancement grant of $144,678. Construction is planned for mid-summer 2007. Future Track Abandonment (Possible) Future consideration may be given to the abandonment of the Urbana/Maitland mainline (former Bellefontaine Secondary) from SR 508 (M.P. 104.2) to the end of the line at Carter Street (M.P. 98.8) in Bellefontaine, a distance of 5.4 miles. The abandonment would also include the former St. Mary’s branch line from Carter Street (M.P. 53.3) to U.S. 68 (M.P. 52.73) in Bellefontaine, a distance of 0.57 miles. If considered, contact would be made

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with local officials in Logan County. There are no customers on the line segments. An application must be made to the Surface Transportation Board (STB) for abandonment. ORDC and WESTCO Board approval is also required. Abandonment fees are estimated to be $5,000.

St. Mary's Branch Line Code 8142

M.P. 53.3 Carter Street

M.P. 52.73 U.S Route 68

Bellefontaine Secondary

Line Code 8147

M.P. 98.8 Carter Street

M.P. 100.5

Bellefontaine Secondary

Line Code 8231

M.P. 100.5 M.P. 104.2 SR 508 (South Side)

With STB approval, it would be possible to salvage the rail and other track materials (OTM). One scenario would be to sell the rail and OTM from Carter Street down to M.P. 101.2. (2.4 miles). Three miles of 127# CWR from M.P. 101.2 down to SR 508 M.P. 104.2) could remain in place and earmarked for installation on the Mechanicsburg line at a later date. Two miles of 105# rail on the Glen Echo passing track would also be earmarked for the Mechanicsburg line. This keeps 5 miles of rail reserved for the planned future Mechanicsburg line rail change-out. The plan is to use the rail on the Mechanicsburg line to replace lightweight 100# rail between M.P. 2 and M.P. 7. The existing rail is not sufficient for 286,000 lb. railcars. The Maitland Connection In tying together the WESTCO lines in Springfield, WESTCO and the IOCR agreed to the installation of train stop signs and gates at the Maitland diamond crossing, given the current traffic level. This train control enabled the IOCR to make use of the Maitland line from Maitland to Glen Echo. The track at Maitland is also being used for interchange of traffic between IOCR and IORY. Options for future improvements, if and when they would be needed, include:

• Constructing a connecting track in the northeast quadrant of the intersection. Engineered plans have been prepared for this alternate. A design exception for the curvature of the track will be required. The cost estimate is $155,000.

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• Activating the train signal interlocker for automated control. This alternative involves initial and ongoing communications and operating costs. A cost estimate by the IOCR is needed for this alternative.

The Fayne Connection The Indiana & Ohio interchanges grain trains at Fayne in Fayette County with CSXT. CSXT has expressed an interest in connecting the stub end of their track to the WESTCO mainline. This would facilitate interchange by reducing the train movements and time necessary to pick-up or deliver grain trains. A plan and cost estimate has been prepared to install a new #10 turnout in WESTCO’s main track near M.P. 229 and to relocate 399’ of IORY’s track at the end of their branch line. The cost estimate for the work and materials necessary is $80,000 if undertaken as a single project.

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Bridges The IORY performs annual bridge inspections and special inspections as the need arises. Summation sheets and detailed inspection forms are provided to WESTCO each year. The condition rating system provides an overall rating for the bridge and makes recommendations for maintenance and repairs, including priorities. In 2005, one bridge and one rail-top structure were replaced on the Maitland line and one bridge was repaired on the South Charleston line.

Line Milepost Bridge Over Total Cost

Maitland Line 129.90 Upper Valley Pike $2,100,000 Maitland Line 131.17 Stoney Run $153,000 So. Chas. Line 224.7 Sugar Creek @ Creamer Road $24,000 On the 2005 inspection, five bridges were assigned an overall rating of poor.

2005

OVERALL CONDITION RATINGS BY LINE

Rating Description Urbana M’burg Maitland So. Chas.

5 Very Good: Like New 0 1 2 0 4 Good: No Problems 3 4 1 1 3 Fair: Developing Problems 19 7 3 1 2 Poor: Major Problems – Slow Order 3 1 0 1* 1 Failed: Take Out of Service 0 0 0 0 Total - 47 25 13 6 3

The inspection also includes maintenance recommendations with a priority assigned to the work described. Priorities range from immediate to response at 1, 3, 5, or 10 years. Many of the bridges have maintenance recommendations in the 1-3 year response. The bridges that have been rated as Poor: Major Problems are listed below:

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Line Rating Milepost Bridge Over Cost Est. Urbana Line 2-3 105.36 Lake Street - Bellefontaine $20,000 Urbana Line 2 109.55 Creek $58,000 Urbana 2-3 116.85NYC Creek $35,000 M’burg Line 2-3 1.42 Buck Creek $125,000So. Chas. Line 2* 224.7 Sugar Creek @ Creamer Road $780,000 Bridge #105.36 over Lake Street at Bellefontaine is not in use at this time, as the track is not in service. A second bridge over Lake Street at Bellefontaine on the former St. Mary’s branch was removed in 2001. Bridge #109.55 over a creek (0.3 miles north of Lippincott Road in Champaign County) is used for service to Champaign Landmark’s facilities at West Liberty. A special inspection was made for WESTCO following a field review with the Public Utilities Commission. Bridge #116.85 NYC is located on the lead track to the Urbana Industrial Track and is used for access to Urbana customers. It is a timber trestle having an overall length of 30’. Bridge #1.42 over Buck Creek on the Mechanicsburg line in Clark County needs repair. The bridge is a 138’ thru truss steel structure. Design cost for the repairs is estimated at $15,000 and the repairs are estimated at $110,000. It is recommended that design for the repairs be initiated. Bridge #224.7 over Sugar Creek at Creamer Road on the South Charleston line in Fayette County is recommended for replacement. It is recommended that design of the replacement bridge be initiated. Other Bridges Bridge #115.85 and the “Fibersales” bridge with overall ratings of 3 have deck work identified to replace bridge ties. The estimated cost is $18,000. The bridges on the main line in Urbana were all built in 1926. Rehabilitation or replacement to extend the useful life will be necessary in the future. Spalling concrete is a particular problem. These bridges are currently used for service to the Champaign

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Landmark fertilizer outpost and Champaign Landmark’s grain facility at West Liberty on an as needed basis.

Line Milepost Bridge Over Cost Est. Urbana Line 115.34 Light Street

SFN 1160214 $80,000

Urbana Line 115.47 Pindar Street SFN 1160192

$96,000

Urbana Line 115.65 Gwynne Street SFN 1160176

$60,000

Urbana Line 115.85 Urbana Industrial Track

$10,000

Urbana Line 115.99 Miami Street SFN 1100815

$1,086,000

Urbana Line 116.36 College Way SFN 1160141

$80,000

Urbana NYC Lead Track

116.85 (NYC)

Mad River Pike SFN1160109

$40,000

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At Grade Crossings Funding for grade crossing improvements on WESTCO's system is very limited. There are three state programs for repair and upgrading of at-grade crossings. The Grade Crossing Corridor Consolidation Program provides 80% federal funding for improvements. Under this program WESTCO pays 10% and the IOCR pays 10%. Communities must close a crossing to be eligible for a project. The community may choose either to make repairs to the surface or to upgrade the warning devices. The Grade Crossing Warning Devices Program provides funding to install or upgrade active warning devices. Depending on the circumstances, project costs may be pro-rated at 60% PUCO, 30% local government, and 10% by the railroad. In other instances, the funding may be 100% PUCO. This program is jointly administered by the ORDC and the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio. Projects are selected based on a state-wide rating system. Lastly, ORDC, ODOT, and railroad may cooperate on the selection of grade crossing reconstruction projects. In this case, ORDC reimburses the railroad for the materials on selected projects. Occasionally, a crossing can be improved as a part of a highway project, usually one involving federal-aid transportation funds. Likewise, WESTCO and the affected jurisdiction may reach a cooperative agreement to share the cost of the project. Finally, WESTCO may undertake the project on its own, if no other financing alternatives are available. Surface Project Needs Crossing reconstruction projects are planned for 2004. The scope of work for the Urbana/Maitland line track rehabilitation includes the repair or replacement of five public grade crossings. The public crossings are listed below.

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Route Surface Work Warning Device Work Location Skinner Lane Replace Clark County Eagle City Road Skip (Replaced in 2003) Clark County Tremont City Road Skip Gates & Flashers -- 2002 Clark County County Line Road Skip Clark County Dallas Road Replace Champaign Co. Woodburn Road Replace Champaign Co. SR 296 Skip Champaign Co. Herr Road Replace Champaign Co. Lippincott Road Skip Champaign Co. Upper Valley Pike Replace Champaign Co. SR 508 Skip Logan County T-249 Skip Logan County T-190 (Jewels) Skip Logan County T-199 (Wokey) Skip Logan County T-200 (Allen Rd.) Skip Logan County Carter Street Skip Logan County Rural crossings on the South Charleston line on Fayette County need to be inspected for repair in 2004.

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Safety Project Needs In 2003, a survey of the safety upgrades needed on the WESTCO system was completed. In 2005, the following crossings were programmed for installation of gates and flashers. Construction was completed in 2006.

Location County DOT No. M.P. Cost South Charleston Line SR 41 Madison 258828T 214.32 $130,000 Est. SR 729 Fayette 258847X 222.39 $177,405 Act. SR 41 Fayette 258849L 222.73 $151,160 Act. Mechanicsburg Line SR 4 Champaign 527914H 11.95 $140,260 Act. SR 4 South* Champaign 527919S 13.95 $10,220 Act. SR 4 Champaign 527922A 16.5 $135,435 Act.

Total $744,480 Est. * This crossing is for upgrade of existing flasher assembly to current standards. A program of projects is envisioned for programming in 2006 for construction in 2007. The three crossings highlighted in bold below are the candidate crossings. The remaining crossings were identified for upgrades in the 2003 survey, but will be deferred for future programs.

Location County DOT No. M.P. Estimate South Charleston Line Craig Rd. Clark 258809N 204.43 $93,000 Columbus-Xenia Rd. Clark 258825X 211.96 $139,000 SR 323 Madison 258832H 216.08 $145,000 Carrs Mill-Jamestown Fayette 258836K 218.60 $139,000 Hines Rd. Fayette 258840A 219.45 $139,000 Compton Rd. Fayette 258841G 219.56 $145,000 Blessing Chapel Fayette 258845J 221.08 $178,000 Creamer Rd. Fayette 258852U 224.69 $151,000 Parrot Station Rd. Fayette 258854H 225.75 $144,000 Inskeep Rd. Fayette 258858K 227.82 $146,000 Bloomingburg-N. Holland Fayette 258860L 228.68 $145,000 Bush Rd. Fayette 258861T 228.93 $139,000

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Mechanicsburg Line E. Main St. Clark 523480J 129.80 $139,000 SR 54 Champaign 527913B 10.55 $139,000 No 10 Rd. Champaign 527915P 12.25 $143,000 SR 56 Champaign 527918K 13.59 $140,000 Locust St. Champaign 527924N 16.9 $137,000 Urbana/Maitland Line W. 1St. St. Clark 258768L 128.4 $139,000 Eagle City Rd. Clark 528004P 125.5 $139,000 County Line Rd. Champaign 527962X 122.2 $14,000 Dallas Rd. Champaign 527960J 120.60 $139,000 Woodburn Rd. Champaign 527958H 120.20 $139,000 SR 296 Champaign 527946N 112.60 $139,000 Herr Rd. Champaign 527944A 111.55 $139,000 Lippincott Rd. Champaign 527941E 109.90 $139,000 Upper Valley Pike Champaign 527940X 107.89 $139,000 SR 508 Logan 527931Y 104.20 $139,000 Urbana Industrial Track Edgewood Ave. Champaign 527724E 47.37 $194,000 Edgewood Ave. Champaign 562176H $189,000 Muzzy Rd. Champaign 527723X 48 $147,000 Miami St. Champaign 527725L 46.87 $154,000 Russell Champaign 527727A 46.53 $139,000 W. Ward St. Champaign 527728G 46.53 $139,000 Bloomfield Ave. Champaign 527731P 46 $85,000 The proposal was submitted to the ORDC and PUCO seeking 80% state funding for safety upgrades on identified routes. The routes were identified based on vehicular traffic counts, train traffic, efforts to complete a “corridor” route, and changing traffic conditions due to land use changes.