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Give Wings to Imagination

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INTRODUCTION AND DESIGN

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Terminology1.Wing 2.Fuselage 3.Vertical Tail 4. Horizantal tail

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Control Surfaces: Aileron, elevator, Rudder,Flaps

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How wings generate lift?A cross section of a typical airplane wing will show the top surface to be morecurved than the bottom surface. This shaped profile is called an ' airfoil ' (or'aerofoil').

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Angle of attack

A crucial factor of lift generation is the Angle ofAttack - this is the angle at which the wing sits inrelation to the horizontal airflow over it. As the angleof attack increases, so more lift is generated - but onlyup to a point until the smooth airflow over the wing isbroken up and so the generation of lift cannot besustained. When this happens, the sudden loss of liftwill result in the airplane entering into a stall , wherethe weight of the airplane cannot be supported anylonger.

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However, a direct reaction to lift is drag and this too increases with airspeed.So airfoils need to be designed in a way that maximizes lift but minimizesdrag, in order to be efficient.

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p = Avg. Density of air at Certain Height (in Kg/m 3)U = Relative vel. of air (in m/s)

CL = Cofficient of Lift

S = planform area of wing/Projection of wing area onhorizontal plane (in m 2)

The lift coefficient is determined from this equation

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The shape of the airfoil is determined using a softwarecalled Design Foil, with the help of the lift coefficient

obtained.

The tutorials of this software will be e-mailed to you

USING DESIGN FOIL

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For Level flight, Weight = Lift (W=L) Using wing loading value, we obtain the planform area.

To get the value of Chord Length, we assume AspectRatio (AR) around 6 to 8. In rectangular wing AR = span/Chord Weight is approx. 2 kgs

WING DIMENSIONS

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Fuselage 70-75 % of wing span. Horizontal Stabilizer 25% of the wing area Vertical stabilizer 50% of HS

OTHER PARTS

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Amit Kumar Gond akgond@ A-216/5 9452452637

Jeetesh Agrawal jeetesh@ C-209/5 9795669413

Kratika Agrawal kratika@ 9616354932

Tushar Sikroria sikroria@ G-212/5 9450683065

http://students.iitk.ac.in/aeromodelling