R&D of MPPC in kyoto
M.taguchi
picture
I will show you real one later!
MPPC(Multi pixel photon coutner)
100~1000 APD pixel in 1mm2
Each pixel operates as Geiger mode
(independent of input light)
The output is a sum of all the APD signals
Compact Low-cost Insensitive to the magnetic
field Low bias voltage :30~75V High gain:105~107
MPPC characters:
Raw signal and ADC hist of MPPC
Great performance for photon counting
0
1
2
History of R&D 2005.Apr~ measurement of fundamental performance feedback to HPK 2005.Nov beamtest@KEK 2005.Dec laser test of the sample we used at beamtest 2006.Jan we got the new samples 2006.Feb feedback to HPK 2006.Mar~ laser test of the new samples 2006.May feeback to HPK
Now at this stage
Summary of the parameter of the new sample
type # of pixel
gain Cross talk
PDE(MPPC)/QE(PMT)
HPK32 400 6.55×105
0.11 2.1
HPK53 100 2.64×106
0.21 2.1
@noise rate=800kHz,T=20℃
Uniformity in 1pixel
RMS/mean=2%
efficiency
gain
RMS/mean=2%
HPK53(100pixel)
bias=68.8V
100μ
m
1pixel
laser
efficiency
gain
RMS/mean=3%
RMS/mean=3%
Uniformity of each pixel
Total 100pixel
HPK53(100pixel)
Bias=68.8V
N-Grid P0D FGD ECAL SMRD Elec.Gain 1E5~1E
6
Linearity ~10PE >200 ~100 >200 ~10PE
#Pixels >100 >1000
>500 >1000 ~10PE
Target (MIP) 10 20 20 20 15
Dynamic Range
<2000
Timing Resolution
~10ns ~2ns ~2ns ~2ns ~2ns 2.5ns
Sensor diameter
1mm 1.2mm
1.2mm
1.2mm 1.1mm
Package Size <10mm <10mm
<5mm
<10mm
<5mm
PDE >15% >15% >15%
>15% >15%
Threshold (TH) >1.5 >1.5(2.5)
>1.5(2.5)
>1.5(2.5)
>0.5 For 16ch7fc
Noise (TH) 10~40kHz
Summary and future plan The new samples satisfy T2K requirement We can use MPPC in T2K (particularly in On-Axis) Study Individualtiy of large number of samples Readout electronics Packaging Beamtest of S type scintillator with MPPC
Back up
Measurement of gain
電荷量
# ev
ent
0p.e
1p.e
Charge sensitive ADC
Caluculate charge of 1p.e
MPPC
amp
X10~ 100
MPPC gain
=Q
e ・ (amp gain)Q
Blue LED
素電荷
Measurement of gain
15℃
20℃
25℃
1×106
1×106
3×106
311-53-1A-002-1 311-32-1A-002-5
68.4
68.4
69.6
69.4Bias V Bias V
15℃
20℃
25℃
Crosstalk measurement
Crosstalk‥ photons emitted from one pixel during the Geiger discharge causes the Geiger discharge at neighboring pixels
0.5p.e1.5p.e
・ Assuming 2p.e noise is caused by crosstalk of 1p.e noise(accidental coincidence of 1p.e noise is negligible)
e.p5.0thanmoreevents
e.p5.1thanmoreevents
Crosstalk rate =
Data taken by random trigger
Measurement of crosstalk
15℃
20℃
25℃
311-32-1A-002-5 311-53-1A-002-1
68.4 69.6
68.4
69.4Bias V Bias V
15℃
20℃
25℃
15℃
20℃
25℃
0.3
0.3
Beamtest @KEK in Nov.2005
64ch MAPMT(as reference)
beam
Scintillator 1.3x2.5x50 cm3
(used in K2K scibar detector)1mmΦ fiber
HPK100e or Russian SiPM
4 layers
• 0.5 ~ 1.4GeV/c• proton & pion• ~ 100 event/spill• beam size 1x1cm2
setupMotivation・ Can the light yield for T2K near detector be obtained?(more than 5p.e for
MIP)
Beamtest@KEK(cont’d)
・ The measured PDE including optical contact for HPK100 and Russian SiPM are about 0.7 and 1.0 of PMT, so obtained light yield is consistent with the expectation considering the misalignment of a fiber
MPPC type MPPC p.e for MIP PMT p.e for MIP Ratio of MPPC p.e with PMT(%)
HPK100#13 9.9 18.3 54
HPK100#14 10.2 18.2 56
HPK100#16 13.3 18.2 73
Russian600#13 22.9 18.2 126
Russian600#14 17.1 18.2 94
efficiency
RMS/mean=1.7%
gain
RMS/mean=1.6%
crosstalk
Uniformity in 1pixel
HPK32(400pixel)
bias=68.8V
0.25
RMS/mean=2.9%
RMS/mean=3.4%
gain
efficiency
crosstalk
Uniformity of each pixel
HPK32(400pixel)
Bias =68.8V
RMS/mean=16%
0.18
KL→π0νν