READ THE EVENTS THAT CHANGED THE WORLD: D -DAYANSWER THE FOLLOWING IN COMPLETE SENTENCES:

1. WHICH OF THE ALLIES SUFFERED THE GREATEST LOSSES ON D -DAY?

2. WHY DO YOU THINK THE ALLIES CHOSE TO ATTACK AT BEACHES, RATHER THAN ESTABLISHED HARBORS?

3. LOOKING AT THE DIAGRAM, WHAT OBSTACLES DO YOU THINK WERE THE MOST DIFFICULT TO OVERCOME IN THE INVASION?

3/31/15 Do NowPages: 482-483

Unit VII, Notes #6: The Allies Turn the Tide

***I. All-Out War

U.S and Britain Increased governmental

power Total war Restricted rights Propaganda Japanese internment

campsWomen help win the war

Jobs in factories/ construction

Rosie the Riveter Served in military auxilery

roles

***II. Battle of the Atlantic 1939 – 1945 (Jan. 1942 – July 1943 were decisive)German U-Boats were sinking unprotected U.S. and other

Allies' merchant ships Allies began using convoys to protect shipsThe Allies also used a sonar system to detect German U-

Boats The Germans were very successful in the beginning, but

by mid - 1943, the Allies had the upper hand

***III. The Allies Forge Ahead

North Africa Eisenhower defeats

Rommel (May, 1943)Europe

“Big Three”- Churchill, FDR, Stalin agree to focus on Europe first (Nov, 1943)

"The Battle of the Atlantic was the only thing that really frightened me" - Winston Churchill.

***III. The Allies Forge Ahead cont.

Italy July 1943, U.S. British

forces land in Italy Italians defeated but

fighting continues vs. Germans

Soviet Union Battle of Stalingrad- July

1942- Feb 1943 bitter street by street

fighting Soviets encircled attackers Huge German losses/battle

winter

***IV. The Allies Push Toward Germany

June 6, 1944- D-Day- invasion of France (Normandy) Generals Dwight D.

Eisenhower and George Patton influential in leading attack

Round the clock bombing of Germany

During this time, Soviet Union was pushing into Poland and Allies were pushing North in Italy

3 million ally troops to attack

Normandy Invasion cont. (don’t need to copy)D – Day

Ø       60 mile stretch of beachØ       156,000 troopsØ       4,000 landing craftØ       600 warshipsØ       11,000 planesØ       Largest land-sea-air operation in historyØ       Omaha beach known as one of the most

brutal areas

***Battle of the Bulge- Dec. 1944

September 1944, France was freed from Nazi control Massive German Counterattack:Germans

were winning in the beginning Last German offensive

120,000 Germans died (also lost 600 tanks and guns and 1,600 planes – leading to defeat)

80,000 Americans died After, Allied victory was certain

Yalta – “The Big 3”

***V. Yalta Conference

Big Three agreed to divide Germany into 4 occupation zones

Soviets would enter war with Japan in three months

Disagreement on Eastern Europe Stalin wanted control FDR, Churchill wanted

self-determination Stalin agreed to free

elections

***

At the beginning of his 4th Term, President Franklin D. Roosevelt passes away (April 12, 1945)

-The U.S. went through a major grieving period-Harry S Truman, as Vice-President, takes the role as President

May 8, 1945: V-E day = Victory in Europe day-General Eisenhower accepted a surrender by the Third

Reich  

The end of HitlerApril 30, 1945

Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide (gun shot and cyanide)

Bodies burned in street

Cover of Time magazine May 7, 1945