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Teaching Reading with Primary Sources
| Date post: | 20-May-2015 |
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Teaching Reading with Primary Sources
What is Literacy?
The ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate (speaking and listening), problem-solve, and process printed, written, and digital materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, develop and apply their knowledge, inventiveness, and potential, and participate fully in their community and wider society.
Definition developed based on The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 2010 and the BCPS Literacy Task Force 12/6/10
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Is this the focus of our teaching and learning in classrooms?
FCAT 2.0 Reading Mission Statement:Although not all benchmarks lend themselves to large-scale testing, successful schools recognize the need for students to master all Florida’s standards. The increased rigor exemplified in the NGSSS will enhance student performance in a rapidly advancing, global environment.
Purpose of FCAT 2.0 Reading:The purpose of FCAT 2.0 Reading is to measure student achievement in constructing meaning from a wide variety of texts. Reading texts may be either literary or informational…
Literary texts focus on the art of language as their medium. They provide insight, entertainment, or inspiration…
In informational texts, language is used to solve problems, raise questions, provide information, and present new ideas about subject matter…
2010 FCAT 2.0 Reading Item Specifications, page 1-3
Low: Moderate HighMore than 70% of students are likely to respond correctly.
Between 40% and 70% of students are likely to respond correctly.
Fewer than 40% of students are likely to respond correctly.
Require students to recall, observe, question, or represent basic facts.
Require two steps: comprehension and subsequent processing of the text
Make heavy demands on student thinking
Demonstrate simple skills or abilities
Make simple inferences within the text
Explain, generalize, make multiple connections
Basic understanding of texts Signal words: Summarize, infer, classify, gather, organize, compare, display; explain, describe or interpret
Requires several steps involving abstract reasoning and planning; must support thinking
“Just read the lines” Skills and concepts May involve identifying theme and implicit main ideas
“Read between the lines” Make complex inferences or complex analyses within and across texts
Take information from one portion of text and apply information to a new task.
“Read beyond the lines.”
Cognitive Complexity
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2010 Item Specifications, p. 15
Changes in Types of Texts
30% Literary Texts 70% Informational Texts
2010 FCAT Reading Test Item SpecificationsFiction: Short Stories; Poetry; Historical Fiction; Fables; Folk Tales, Tall Tales; Legends; Myths; Fantasy; Drama; Excerpts from longer works.
Nonfiction: Biographical and Autobiographical Sketches; Diaries, Memoirs, Journals, Letters; Essays (Personal and Classical Narratives); Critiques.
Primary Sources/Nonfiction: Historical Documents (e.g., Bill of Rights); Essays (e.g., Informational, Persuasive, Analytical, Historical, Scientific); Letters, Journals, Diaries.Secondary Sources/Nonfiction: Magazine and Newspaper Articles; Editorials; Encyclopedia Articles.Functional Materials: Consumer Documents (e.g., Warranties, Manuals, Contracts, Applications); Embedded in Text (e.g., Tables, Charts, Maps, Graphs, Illustrations, Photographs, Captions, Text Boxes); How-To Articles; Brochures, Fliers; Schedules; Website Pages.
• More public domain or texts commissioned for FCAT.
• Texts reflect the diversity of Florida’s student population.
• Texts should not be outdated, can stand the test of time.
• Poems, Fables, and Plays will make up only a small portion of texts on FCAT 2.0
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Reporting Category 4: Information and Media LiteracyStandard 6: The student comprehends a wide array of
informational text that is part of our day to day experiences.
Text Features in 2.2.1 Category 3 Text Features in 6.6.1 Category 4
Texts should be literary and may include, but are not limited to, fiction, nonfiction (e.g. biographies, autobiographies, diary entries, memoirs), poetry, or drama
Texts should be informational.Texts may include, but are not limited to, functional reading materials (e.g. websites, consumer documents, how-to articles, brochures, fliers, and other real-world documents.)
Texts should include a single, identifiable text feature or should contain a variety of text features.
Texts should include a single, identifiable text feature or should contain a variety of text features.
Stimuli found in texts may include titles, headings, subheadings, charts, graphs, illustrations, maps, diagrams, information found in captions, stanzas, italicized text, and text boxes.
Stimuli found in text may include headings, subheadings, titles, subtitles, maps, diagrams, captions, illustrations, graphs, or italicized text.
What are the implications for instruction?
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Teaching with Primary Sources Promotes Inquiry & Critical Thinking Skills
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Contact Information:
Learning Resources & Instructional MaterialsLynne Oakvik, Specialist
Margaret Rhorbach/Atlantic Tech High [email protected]
