Readings (Viewpoints 1)

8/19/2019 Readings (Viewpoints 1)

1/18

REAING

1 Word Check The following words appear

in the text Make sure you know what they

mean.

f aate • b nd • sqeaky • cope

PREDICTING CONTENT

Beore read ng a text, look at th e pct ures and

the title Ths w l l he lp you predct the content of

the text.

2 Look at the title and the picture What do you

think the text is about?

3 Read the text and check whether your

pediction was correct.

4. Ae the ollowing statements true o false?

Find evidence n the text to support your

answes

Te ma foll owg the wite was a stage

2 PA was irst di ag osed i he 990s

3. People ca ge PA fro tei paets.

4. Soe PA suferes do ' go o mc h

5. T e wrer peers o keep er cond on a secret

6. Sci et iss have o d scoveed a c re fo PA.

5 Choose the best answe according to the text.

1 In ts text he wre wans maly to . . .a tell eades he stoy of e ieb nform reades about PAc. gve deas abo te ates reseac o PAd. el p eades diag ose whethe hey ave PA

2 When te wite real sed se had PA, she was . . . .a ga d hat she was o aoneb pse ta thee was someh g wog

wt erc a gy at no one a d ever od hed happy hat he r cond o was no

ore serous

6 Answer the questions n your own words

How dd te wrer kn ow tat se ad PA?

2. Wa cles do PA sfees se o recognisepeope?

3. Why gt a busi ess eeg be d iclt for

te wite?4 Wha im pessio do PA sufferers ake on

otes?

5. Why do PA suffeers soeti mes peed heyhaven' go teir gl asses?

7 Fnd words or ph rases i n the text that mean:

1 aad (paagrap 1 )

2 i ad d it ion o (paagap 2)

3. deiey (paragrap 3)

4. make it possbe fo (paragaph 4)

5. types, k ds (paag aph 6)

• Have you ever been in a situation where

you d idn't recogn ise someone or couldn't

remember thei r name? How did you feel?

What did you do?


2/18

A Face I' 11 Alwys orgt

A few years ago a man began cal l ing m e from th e other sd e of the street I gnore d h i m,

but he ran after me, shoting "Hey! Frightened, I shouted back, "What's the problem?

When e replied his American accent remnded me: he was my fatmate and I had been

living wth him fo three years

5 Tis incd ent along with several ote s, made me real ise that I am faceb ind . I h ave a

cond ition called posopagnosa, or PA. I ' m not real ly b l ind . When I ' m l ooking at a face, I can

d esci be it pe fecty. ts ust tat when I lo ok away, I don 't rem em ber the detai ls .

PA was first documented in the 1940s and was beieved to be caused by brain injury or a

stroke. However, n the 1990s, reports were published of parents and children who were

10 suffering from the disorde bt ad no injury. Tis clearly showed that some people are

born with the problem and that it can be heredtary Neurologists have now proved that it

is caused by a defect in a single geneWhen I tell my friends about my conditon, they say But you just recognised me "Yes, I

answer, "becase you still ave long orange hair, a squeaky voce and a ring through your

15 eyebrow. t's tese clues that allow prosopagnostics to function in society But what if

youre at a business meeting were all the men are wearing suits and have short hair?

In sort, lfe isn't easy for PA sufferers. We're seen as snobbish and

strange because we don 't say he ll o to peop le we' re supp osed to

know. Somehow, "Sorry, I didn't recognise you seems a poor

20 excuse for ook ng straght through someone especial ly when

that someone is your boyfriend

So how d o we cope? Wel l, we use al l sorts of strategi es. Som e of

us just don't social ise much Other options include smil ing at

everyone just in case they ae an acqantance, or pretending

25 we haven't got our glasses.

All in al l, it's a rel ief to know that my problem has a name

and that lots of other peop le share it - in fact, t's bel ieved

that one person in 50 suffers from PA. t's aso easier to

tel l people about it than to let them think I 'm crazy. And

30 now that they've found out it's caused by a gene, who

knows - one day there m ay eve n be a cure.

False friends

realise ( l ine 5 means darse cuenta no realizar

pretending (l in e 24) ean s fingiendo not pretendiendo

Uit 1

7


3/18

�RE ING

4 Choose the best answer according to the text.

1 . Asab le was angy becase . a he manage had gven Max a ey to s

18

1 Word Check: Th e following words appear

in the text. Make su re you know what they

mean

goomy • b ned • staed • grasped

MAKING INFERENCES

Ma king i nferences he lps you u nderstand th ings

that a ren't actua ly written in the text We ca n

deduce th ings from certai n i nformation in the

text, for example, th e way people react or th e

th in gs they say.

2 The following sentences appear in the text

What can you infer from them? Choose the

correct answer be low

Ausable dd not look like any secret agentFowler had read about He was past midde agean d ver very fat.

Wen Fowler st saw Ausable ,e probaby el

a . exced b dsapponted

3. Read the short story ad compete thesentences using your own words

1 Ausabe wen o s oom becase . .

When tey entered e oo, Fowler andAusabe wee srpr ised by .

3 Max becae nevos when someone . . .

Max cl mbed tog te wndowbecase e ougt

5 . Max sceaed because . .

roob he manag e had no blo cked te balConyc Max waned e epod. Max was hold ng a gun

Ausabe said ta he had cal led te pol ce .a because Max had enered s roomb because Fowler ad fol owed hi m o hi s

omc. n ode to g ve he h e secret eportd jst n case thee was tobl e

3 Ausabe knew ta e knoc k on he doorwas . a . te pol ceb. roo servcec. an agent de verng e repord. the hoel mana ger

. We can ne that n te end Fowler fel

a hat hs i s pesson ad been wrongb hat Ausab le was no very profession ac dsapponted becase te evenin g had not

been exci in gd wo ied abot wa had appened o Max

5 Fin d words o phrases in the text tha t mean

the opposte of:

1 . led (l nes 1-3)

. pracical (nes 8-10)

3 at ( nes 3-5)

.happ ly ( i nes

3-3)

5 slowly ( nes 50-5)

6 loweed ( nes 4-56)

• Do you thi k Ausable was a good secretagent Why o why not

Fictional spies: Sam isher,

Jason Bourne and Austin Powers


4/18

The Midnight s tor

Aue did not look ike any secret agent

ower had read about He was past mddle ageand ver, very fat. Fowler oowed him down theoomy corridor of the od French hote where theecret agent had a smal room on the sixth oor

You are disappointed," Ausable said over hishoulder. ou were told that was a secret agent,

a spy You wanted to meet me because 1ou area young and romantic writer You had eXpectedysterious figures in the night, the crck o gunsand poison in the wine. But instead of havingecret messages sipped into my hand by a dar-

yed beauty, ony got a phone call arranging aeetng in my room Youve been bored" The fatan laughed to himsel as he unlocked the dooro his room and et hs rustrated guest enter

I I l

It belongs to the next room, but it extends

40 under my window," explained Ausabe angriy.The manager promised to block it off, but hehasnt." Suddenly, there was a knock at the doorAusable smied with relie That is the policeI tod them to check on me to make sure

4 everything was al right."Max bit his lip nervously The knocking was

repeated.What wil you do now, Max?" Ausable asked

I I do not answer the door, they wil come in5 0 anyway. And they wi not hesitate to shoot."

Max's face was back with anger as he backedswty toward the window and put one leg outinto the nght. Send them away," he waed wil wait on the bacony."

Cheer up, my oung friend Soon you wl see 55a top secret report o this room, a report

The knocking on the door became louder anda voice was raised. Mr Ausabe! Mr Ausabe!"

hat may someday aect the course o hstoryhat is the drama, is it not?" As he was speaking,:usabe closed the door behind him. Then he�tced on the light.

Halway across the room a man was standingand pointing an automatc pistol at them He was

lender, not ta, with a face ike a fox. Ausabeblinked a ew times Max" he said, you startede What are you doing in my room?"

The report," Max murmured. The secretrport that is being brought to you tonght. wanti"

Ausable sat down heavily n an armchair I'murious with the hote manager," he said grimly.his is the second tme in a month that someonehas entered my room from that balcony"owler's eyes went to the single window o the

roomBacony?" Max asked No, I had a key.What balcony?"

Keeping the gun on the two men, Max graspedthe window rame and swung the other eg up andover. The doorknob tued. As Max dropped onto

60 the bacony, he screamed once. The door openedand a waiter stood there wth a tray, a botte andtwo gasses.

65

7

Here is the drnk you ordered, sir" He set thetray on the tabe and lef the room.

Whte faced and shaking, Fower stammered,but . but . what about ... the polce?

There never were any poice," Ausablesghed. Only room service whom I wasexpecting"

But what about the man on the bacony ?"Fowler began.What bacony?" asked AusabeFowler was sti breathing hard as Ausabe

camy poured himsel a drink

aranging ( l n e mean p/aneando,

programando o arreg/ando

Uit 2

report i e 1 8) means informe ot reportaje


5/18

J

�

RE ING

5 Choose the best answer accordi ng to the text

1 Pstous and hs coach ca ed that .a Osca had overcome h ge d isadvantages

0

1 Wod Check: The following wods appearin the text. Ma ke sure you know what theymean.

able-bodied • blades • ovecomeovertu • space-age

IDENTIFYING THE MAIN IDEA

Readi ng the frst entence of a pa ragrap h an

he l p ident ify the ma in dea . Ident fy ing the ma in

idea o eah paragraph w i l l he l p you un destand

the tt

2 Read the fist sentence of each paagraph inthe text In which paragraph do you think youwill i nd the ollowing in ormation?

1 istorus' eary l ie

. he easo o the AA's deciso Y

3. istoius reactio to the AAF's deciso S

4 An introduction to Osca istorus 1

5 . The inal vedict b

3. Read the text and check your a nswers to

Exercise 2

4. Answer the que stions

1 What is uusual about Osca isto s?

2 Why did Pi stoiu s bel ieve he should be a lowed

to compete n the Olympics?

3. What dd the IAAF decide?

4 Why dd they mae ths decsio ?

5 Accodig to istous ad his coach, what

maes him successfu?

6 Why s the wod ironically used i l i e 33?

b the Cheetahs wee bette tha egsc. it would be too diicult fo hi m to compete

at Beij i ngd. hi s case would set a pecedet

2. Pistoi us did ot compete at Bej g becausea the AA woud not al low tb. he was dsabledc he dd not u fast eou ghd the CAS woud not a l ow it

3 Accodi g to the text P storius' case has madep eopl e . . . .

6

1 .

2

3.

4

5

a. wat Cheetahs stead o ea legsb woder how much techo logy should be

used i spotc ask whethe disabed ad abe-bodied

athletes should compete togethed. change their minds about dsabed athetes

Find words in the text that mean

achievement (paragaph 1)

best, oremost (paag aph 3) -

opoessiona (paagraph 3)

geate tha orma paagaph 5)l

impove (paagaph 6)

• In you opinion, should Oscar Pistorius bea owed to compete at the next Olym pics?Why or why not?

F ind out about som stange spo rs at :WEB EXTRA •u •.brilgfobooks.es/le'JOfS I


6/18


7/18

RE ING

1 . Word Chec The following words appear

in he ex. Mae su re you know wha

hey mean.

mave • reguay-saped • stateof-teat

SCNING FOR SPECIFIC

INFORMATION

Scann ing means look ing through the text qu ick lyto fi nd specfic n forma tion . Pay attention to thetye of i nformat ion you are l k ing for (names places, dates, prices) Looking for numberssymbo ls and cap ta l letters w he l p you

2 Scan he ex quic y o look for he follownginformaion

1 he smme tempeatue i bai4 < b(

the ame o Dbai s dewate hoel

3 the mbe o s la ds i The Wold

4. he name o the sl ad tat Bad Pt has boght

5 he sze o the uba Ma l

3 . Read he ex and answer h e foowng

quesons.1 . How wi the new poects hel p ba 's

ecoomy?

Wha cold othe a chiects do i tey kewte hei gt o Bu j D bai?

3 . Wha s unus al abot the rooms at Hydopo is?

4. How do yo now Te Word wil be anexcusive aea?

5. Wha s nnovative abo e panned68-soey owe?

The World

4 Are he foowing saemens rue or false?

Find evidence i n he ex o suppor your

answers.

1 Most peope don't ea se tat bai is ngot o oi l F

2. B i d i gs are be ig b i t vey q ick ly i ba-3 . Sayig at ydropo is w i be iexpesive t

4 No one wi ive o Pal m Islads. f5 uba ad wi be e same se as Dsey TWord

5 Choose he bes answer according o he ex.

1 e art i ic ia l is and gops ae . . .a . a shaped l ie pam reesb addt os o nata l sl ad sc eac made p o 300 slads@ ade o aa materia ls

2. Whic o he o owig ecords s Dbai NObea ing?a. te ta es bu d i gQ

the deepest bi ld ngc the argest a fc ia l is andsd. the argest shoppng cee

6 n d words or phrases i n he ex

ha ean:r

1 moey eared o receved AM�(paagrap 1 )

an as at l ve n he sea �)(paragraph 3

3 exta (paragrap 44. otae (pa rag aph 5)t� �

5 abt ious, impessive (paagaph 5)j

u

·

• Which sies in your area werespecificall y bu il o arac ouriss?

Are hey popular?


8/18

One usually thinks of Dubai, one of the seven Arab Emirates, as being rich in oil. Itsrulers, however, know better. heir oil is running out fas, and to creae an alternaivesorce of income, they wan Dubai o become the business and touris capital of theMiddle Eas t O n the bare, dry desert sand of Duba i Ciy, where temperatures are oftenover 45°C in the summer, spectacular architecural projects are breaking every recordin the book. And it's happening a a speed and scale never known before.

First and foremost, the breahtaking Burj Dubai skyscraper will tower over this cit -and every other city. It's going to be the world's talles building, though no oneknows exactly how tall. Its planners are keeping is final heigh a secre because ofcompetition from other buildings under consruction They wan o be sure that byhe time it's finished, no other building will have surpassed i

While this building reaches for the sky, another projec is reaching deep underhe ocean Hydropolis, the world's first luxury underwater hoel, is a surrealisticfantasyland 20 metres below the surface of the Persian Gulf Shaped like a gian

.s jellyfish, its 220 opulent suites will have plexiglass walls so that guests will be ableto marvel at the colourful marine life all around them.

A larger project is he artificial island groups off Dubais shores. Built from sandand stone dug up from the bottom of the sea, theyll be the largest manmadeislands ever constructed. Palm Isl ands, three island groups shaped like gian palm

� trees, will contain heme parks, hotels and luxury housing for over a millionpeople he other group of islands represents a map of the world. Each of he

World's 300 islands is s haped like an individual counry, and is for sale sta rting at$1 5 million So if youve got some spare cash, you can join the list of celebritieswhich includes Pamela Anders on, who'll be living on "Greece'; and Brad Pitt and

Angelina Jolie, who have bought "Ethiopi a':

One of the most architecturally innovative future projects is a 68storey towerin which each irregularlyshaped storey will turn separately round a centralaxis, completing 360 every 90 minutes his means the entire building willalways be changing shape. Anoher recordbreaker is the grandiose, 1,200shop,

3 12millionsquarefoot Dubai Mall, the biggest shopping centre on the planetOne of the grandest projects of all is Dubailand, a huge leisure and entertainmentcomplex twice the size of todays biggest, Disney World Its highlights will inclu de

a multitude of theme parks, stateoftheart sports stadiums, resorts and malls.his i s just a small part o f whats happening in Du bai's building boom Clearly,

Js this city will soon be packed with sensational major attractions, making it oneof the world's architectural wonderland s.

False friends

luxury ( l ine 13) means lujo lujuria

larger ( ine 17) means mayor, m6s grande m6s largo

resorts ( ine 33) means complejos turfsticos no resortes

major ( l ne 35) means de gran relevancia not mayor

Uit 4


9/18

�

REAING-

1 . Word Check: The following words appear

in he ex. Make sure you know wha hey

mean

ena age ncy • og-erm • cuddes • ury • ad

GUESSING THE MEANING

OF WORDS

Whe n you do n't know the mea n ng of a word try

to guess. First, try to identfy the part of speech

from ts p ace i n the sentence an d ts endin g.

Then , l ook for c lues to i ts mean i ng by read ng the

othe r words in th e sentence.

2. Read he ex Look a he words in co lou r

Wha par of speech is each word? ry and

guess he mea ning o f each word

3. Choose he bes answer according o he ex.

Jusify your choice wih a senence from

he ex.

1 . Te pupose o Flexpetz s to . . .a . eac people to take resposbilty for dogsb. ecoura ge peope to ow dogsc. al ow peope o have a dog eporaryd dssade people from owing dogs

2 F expetz cusomes a . s en the sae dog eac t eb. feel ha e sevice is too expesivec. are mosy peopl e wo have go oeyd. pay each te ey ae a dog

3 Mar ena ervantes . . . a feels i is wog o ret dogsb. says se resces soe dogs o deac s an a al r ghs acvsd. ps dogs i a a l seltes bewee reas

4. F lexpe .

a. operaes o y i te Uned Staesb is a er aoa l bsi nessc is app oved o by an im a expesd as sevea owners

4 Complee he senences according o he

informaion in he ex

1 Sa m W l l as compares re g a dog o . . . .

5. Choose he bes mean ing for each word

or ph rase according o he ex

1 leave ( l ine 1 )a go oub abandonc. ogetd. ic de

2 p ic p ( ne 5)

a l ftb byc aed ren

3 ae sho o (l i e 8)a. ave oo mc hb. don't ave eoughc have a lted don't ave ay

4 cla is ( l ne 9a. deadsb eqies

c. requestsd decares

5. long o (l i e 1 4)a watb watc take a lot of tied. in abou

• Some saes in he SA have recenly passed

laws ha ban he rening of animal s. Do you

hink i should be il legal o ren animals ?

Why or why no?

2 e Co is w ites that passng a dog aound wi l . . . .

3 eit hn ks ha nsead of reng dogs, peope

4. Tacy o son as aways waned . . .

5 Ke and L wa to give 6 Jackpo is a abado a . . .


10/18

J

th' ima l Watc

Dogsf

r Ren l

Do you love dogs? Are you a person whose busy lifestyle doesn't leave room for a pet? There's asolution for you: Flexpetz, the dog rental agency. Now you can enjoy having a dog wthout the long

term day-today responsib iltes that come with it

How does it work? Customers who pay a monthly fee choose a dog on the I nternet Then they

pck it up from the Flexpetz oce for a day or a weekend and take t home for long romps by the

seaside and cosy evening cuddles on the sofa The next week they pick u p the same dog o r choose

another one lts not cheap by any means but this s a servce wh 1ch is meant for hardworking

urban professionals who are shot of t1me not money

Vets and animal experts object to the 1dea of do nt Is bu owner Marlena Cevantes cla ms that

10 many of the dogs come from overcrowded ani a. shelters here Uwanted amals are eventually

killed She says that they are well cared for be als and that customers sometmes even

adopt them

Flexpetz has offices n Los Ange les New York Cty a L and Cevantes plans to open more

offices around the world lt seems that no matter how hectic r lves may be we still long for the

uncondtional afecton of a fury friend

COMMENTS

We lve in crazy tmes. We can

rent anyhing from a car to a

desgner handbag for a fewhours. But a dog s not a fad

20 or a fashion accessory.

Sam Williams,

San Francso

Dogs are dependent

on meanngfu , felong

reationships wth their human

owners A dog wi become

5 confused and unhappy if t

is passed from one home to

another. I suggest that thesedog-lovers try volunteerng atthe local animal shelter where

there are penty of dogs that

need walks and attenton

Keith Collins

Animal behavouist London

For me Fexpetz is a dream

come true. I miss havng a dogbut it would be irresponsible for

35 me to keep one because I worklong hours and travel a lot I'm

mad about Olvia the poode

that I rent evey weekend

Woud she be better of in an

4o anima shelter? I dont thnk so!

Tacy Johnson,

Los Angeles

We want our chidren to have

the experence of a dog but

were too busy to cope wth

ownng one. The kids can't45 wat for the weekends when

we rent Jackpot a beautiful

back Labrador expetz is a

great dea

Ken and iz Matthews,

New Yok City

False frieds

claims ( e 9) me afrma not c/ama

eventually ( l ne 10) me na!mene oeventualmente

Uit


11/18

�

RAING

1 . Word Check The followng words appearn the text Make sure you know what they

mean

twise • pla ins • rain-soaked • ha lsonesunel-shaped

UNDERSTANDING CONNECTORS

Connectors can he p you u nderstand th e

connecto n between idea s n a text They often

show contrast addt on , cause and esu lt .

2 F nd the fol lowng connectors n t he textook at the informaton they connect Decdewhether they show contrast, add ton, cause

or result

1 . due to ( l ne 9 3 . despe ( n e 1 2

2 moeove ( n e 1 2 4 so ( ne 25)

3 Read the text. Ae the followng statements

true or fa se? nd evdence n the text to

suppot you answes

1 Women aely become orado chases

2. Wl le beg and Metz have scie i c knowledgeabou toadoes

3 Tornado chasers ty to ge sd e tornadoes

4 W ll ebeg and Metz ae eve rghtene d

5 Tornadoes ae amo g the songes typesof soms

6 it 's o ecessay to evacuae people d ui ga tonado

C DRY AR

4 Choose the best answer accordng to the text.

1 . Toado chas ig is oten usta ng because a i is hard to ge the pope equ ip meb chasers do't kow he ime and locaon o

the ornadoesc i dn g a orado i voves a lo o tavel l i ngd i is da nge rous o ge vey clos e o a oa do

2 Toradoes a can destroy ent e ciesb ae easie o pedi ct han hu r icaesc have wds almos as fas as hu icaesd oten come unexpecedly

3 Amaeus who wat o chase oradoes a can do t al one i they ae careub ae usu ay fom Eu opec should do i wih a ou companyd can be very sue o seeing a toad o

5 Fnd words or p hrases n the text that mean:

1 . a set o goup of two (paagaph 1 2 nstead o (paragraph 2

3. h (paragaph 3

4 mos mode (paagaph 3

5 . srage, myseous (paragaph 5

6 see (paagaph 6)

• Do you th nk tonado chas ng s woth the

rsk? Why or why not?

Tornado Alley is

the area in theUnited States

where tornadoes

a re mo st frequ en t.

Q)

WIRM DRY


12/18

�t he Twiste S istes Meteooogists Peggy Weneg and eanie Metz ae:ong the most skilled tonado chases in the United States. They'e not eay sistes,

�- th y'r the closest of fiends, and they enoy chasing tonadoes as a pai

ado chases ae people who do the opposite of what most people do athe than

nning away fom these deady, destuctive stoms, they actuay seek them out, taveling

•usands of kiometes to get as cose as they can. To do this they dive back and foth

o s Tonado Aley," the huge pains of the centa United States Amost al tonado

_ - es ae men, which makes Wienbeg and etz vey unusua

ado chasing can e extemely dangeous. Due to thei ackgound in meteoology, Wilenbeg_d etz ae ae to avoid getting caught inside a tonado but they ae constanty at isk At any

m they might e stuck y ightning slip on ainsoaked highways o get hit by giant haistones

!eove, it can e fustating Like ohe chases he pai use the latest equipment, but despite this

ae often unae to pedict exactly whee o when they ll find a wiste. They have often divenoss entie states, only to ealise that they should hae chosen he opposite diection.

·OY do they do it? Both women have een fascinated y toms since chidhood They

_ uld have become odinay weathe foecastes but he combination of a desie fo thils

:d scientific cuiosity makes them unale to esist chasing stoms. Toadoes ae powefu) ond ou conto Thee is an eement of fea but also of excitement and eauty,

y etz

ge tonadoes ae, indeed, one of the most poweful natual phenomena on theanet. Thei naow paths eave an eeie sot of devastation, such as ipping apat one

id of a steet while the othe emains intact Nealy 60 people a yea ae kiled in

· se funneshaped stoms, which have winds twice the speed of the stongest

uricane Wost of all, unlike huicanes, they ae nealy impossile to pedict:

ecastes ae able to wan people ony minutes efoe a tonado stikes, so

e idents have itte time to evacuate. The data gatheed by stom chases

uld hep sove this puzze

1any amateu thillseekes ae joining the stomchasing game, even

ming fom Euope to see tonadoes up cose. Those who want to chase

tos shoud not undeestimate the danges of tying it alone The ony

afe way is to oin a tonado chasing tou un y a company such as the

wiste Sistes Stom Tous. They take touists fo a week of chasing,

nd the ucky ones wil witness natue at its most spectacua - a

onado foming ight in font of thei eyes

actualy( l in e 5) meas realmente de hecho no actualmente

ordnary ( i e 1 6) means normal, corriente ot ordnar vulgar

4 U i 6

67


13/18

RE ING

,

4 Answer the questions

1 . In what ways is an Antarcc cise d ferentfrom a uxu ry cru se

1 . Word Check The foowng words appear

n the text Make s ure you know what they

mean.

ozen • on board • seals • caims • pei s

A prono un o r possessive determi ne r refers to

a th i ng person or idea that has a l ready een

ment ioned often in the f irst part of the sentence

or in the prev ious sentence

2 Read the text and decide who or what thefoowing words reer to:

1 s ( l in e 3)

2 th is ( l ine 8)

3 they ( l e 1 7 )

the m ( l ne 23)

5 . the r ( ine 24)

6 t ( l ie 26)

3 . Choose the best answer accordn g to the text

1 The wr ter fee s i is spr s ig that .

a . so ma ny peo ple wa n o go to Atarcticab. it s so expens ve to go to Atarctcac t s possibe to go to Aa rcicad t s im possb e o go o Antarctica

2 he crse ship sak n 200 d u e to . a . a stom a seab. an accdenc the nexperence of te capai nd a lea ig tank

2 Wh at ae hree ways i wh ch Anactca isun qe/

3. What egatve effec could toursm have Atarctica?

Why do soe peope wa to l m i the n umberof touriss in Antarct ca?

5 What post ve effect cou ld tou sm have oAactica?

5. Complete the sentences usi ng your ownwords

1 ens of thosads of people . .

2 Before 1820 , n o one . . . . .3 Accoding o the 1 959 teaty, n o ation w ever

c l a m that

4 . ou rsts to Antarctca ma y be r sing the l vesbecase of . . .

5 . n he 2007 nc dent , no tour sts . .

6 . A di saster was avoded because te tank • .

6. Fnd adjectves in the text that mean theopposite of

1 nearby (paragraph )

2 sma l (paragraph 2 )

3 forbdden (paragrap� 4) calmest (paagaph 5)

5. hot (paragraph 5)

• Do you thnk that it's a good idea to promote

tourism to Antarctca? Why or why not?

There are 1 6 research stations inAntarctica.

Penguins an swm a speeds inexcess of 2 0 k/h

M/5 Explorer sinks in ntarctca,23rd November 2007


14/18

10

15

20

2

3

Th e F i n a l F r o nt e

Aaria froze remoe ad m poib e o e o Or ? U be ievabe a eem youve oa adveu ou pr i ad eou h moey you a aua y v oe a he boom of heword. I a i popu ay a a ou deao owi wh he umb er of yeary viorow i he e of ou ad

A you ave o do i up o oe o e Aaria u e a d pay ayh i fom abou$8,000

oe day o $35000 or a mo Bu do expe a uxu ry rip wh d o a d ai o The purpoe o e a a you a abou hi amai p ae o a oo a you e o board, you ui de w be o eah you abou Aaria' eooy ad w i d fe Thi w prepae you or e uforeabe h you' be eei peaua r adape, a ieber, ea ad peu i

Ie-oveed Aaria he ode pae o Eah, pu e aue. ha o pemae ede, adee are o op oe b boad or a ee are a o o aive peop e, o he me h um abei eve a d eye o he u i hab ed oe wa whe wa dovered i 820 doebeo o ay ouy bu beo o a of u. 959, a eaoa areeme wa ed,ay o oury woud make ay eoia am here ad dedia he ee oie opeaeu ieii eeah

Evomea are oered abou e efe of oum o he aea, e ay um a avy

aue a e i he eooia ba a e They ay ha he damae ou d be mi mied hee wererue o i mi he u mbe of our a owed o vii ea yea However ome oum may aua ypomoe oervaio I peope wie Aaria breahak beauy, perap ey beomeawa re of he i mpoa e o poe

Howeve, he eviome o e o y oer ee are pe for hum a a we . The eaaoud e oie a e he ouh e o Earh ad ake a eaoed p' apai o e houhem wh e eoa i he reaherou e I November 2007 5 u uky ou a ver orou ieboa o he iy wae wah a he r ue hp a k ae ra o a eberFouaey or hem h e weaher wa am o he re were o deah or i jure before hey werea y reued Ju a uk y hee wa o o ea k rom he hi p a k he ak had eaked woud ave aued a ev romea diae

To be o he afe ide, i you dede o ave o Aara hooe a ompay ha a o oexperiee Ejoy you adveue ad keep i mid you ae auay v oe o Earh' fafroer

U it 7


15/18

E ING

1 Word Check: The foll owing words appeain the text. M ake sure you know what theymean.

watcfl • evolved • speed cameras

AUTHOR'S PURPOSE

An a utho r writes for different reas ons, forexamp le : to inform (ne ws art icl es reports) toenterta n (narratves) t persuade (opin ion essaysan d ed itoria l s ) and to descr ibe (descr ipt ions ofevents p l aces or people) .

2 Read the text. What i s the author's pu rpose?

a. to persuade people to behave more ho esty

b. to te an amu si g story abot an experet

< to give iforatio about an experimet ad itsimpl icat ios

d. to describe te deta s of te way a exper metwas doe

3 . Complete the sentences

. I order to p v fo their d r s, peope . n the off ice r ·I

-F fhQ

� ( �

2. Peope pa id for the i dr i ks ess ofte we .

3 . Accod g to Messa Bateson, peope wi l hepus if

4. he wter fees that peope wi l be\�- .

more honest . . .WiAd . p:'.

The average person in

London is potographed

approximately 300

times a day on CCV

4 Choose the best answer accordin g tothe text

1 Accordi g to Me issa Bateso, people reacted tote poster of eyes because a it was vey rea sti c� they were afra d of beig caugtc they wated to be see as good peoped they rea ised tat it's wrog to be dishonest

2 he exper iet was impotat because . . . .®

it showed how people 's behavo ur ca beinflueced

b. the office now had eogh moey for d nsc t sowed how peope behaved i te tim e

of the caveed it got attetion i n the word's eda

3 Te Newcaste po i ce posters r have had a effect o crime fi gres

war dves there ae speed camerasc. have bee used i othe areas as weld were put u p as a resut of th e u iversity's

researc

5 Fnd words or ph rases in the textthat mean:

1 tg (paragrap 2) �A2 alost (paragraph 3) " �

3 . gua ratee (paragraph 4) r"4. react (paragrap 5 t,.e5 . occu (paragraph 7)

• Do you think that th e police in your areashould try usng posters like the Newcastlepolice? Why or why not?

Find oum re ab ut

hon box :ww.burli1gtoooks e/'•ponsI


16/18

s the best policy but as we all

know we are sometmes no t as honest as we

should be According to the resuts of a recent

study at Newcastle University, England even a5 picture of someone watching us s enough to

make us change our ways.

The experment was conducted at an offce

where staff paid for ther own tea and coffee

by puttng money nto a tin Anyone n ths

· stuaton, of course would be tempted to take

a free drnk because no one woud know who

had paid and who hadn't The researchers

placed a poster above the mugs, showng the

price of each item Over a tenweek perod

5 they alternated the posters weekly, switchng

between an mage of flowers and various

m ages of watchfu eyes

The resuts were astoundng. Workers

had paid neary three tmes more for ther

2 drnks durng the weeks when the posters

had photographs of eyes The conclusion?

Peope behave better when they think theyrebeing watched. And according to Meissa

Bateson the behavoura biologst who ran the

experment its not just because were afraid

of getting caught

This reacton dates back to the days of the

cavemen when peope began to rease that

co-operatng n groups was a better way to

3 ensure survval than vng aone. Ths meant

that peopl e seen as co-operatve types enoyed

good reputatons and were kely to be treated

wel. The same s true today According to

Bateson, when we thnk were being watched

3 we behave better so people see us as co

operatve and behave the same way towards

us when we need hep

But why do we have ths eacton when we

know the eyes arent rea? Bateson says

40 "yes and faces send a strong bo log cal sig nal

that we have evolved to respond to n other

words ou r brans are programmed to respond

to eyes and faces even n a pcture.

The experment got worldwide media

5 attenton . People were excted by the possb l ty

that the same principe coud be applied to

other situations as well on the roads for

nstance Today road signs warnng drvers

of speed cameras often show a picture of a

50 camera. But now we know that were much

more li key to react f we see a p cture of eyes

or a face

Ths idea has actualy been appled by

the Newcaste polce in a new technque to

55 combat crime In rough areas where crimes

tend to take place, they have put up posters

of watchfu eyes wth the slogan Weve got

our eyes on crminals. heyl l be checking

crme fig ures to see whether the posters have6 an effect

ts a pty that peope aren't honest al the

tme, whether or not someones watchng. But

f all t takes s a poster to get th�m to make the

rght choce, then tsdefintey a good dea!

Newcastle Pice pser

False fr iends

policy i e ) means poltc ot polcaconducted ( i e 7) meas realzado o conducdocrime ( l n e 55) meas delncuencia o crimen

figure ( ine 59) meas dat, cifra o figura

U it 8


17/18

� REAING

1 . Word Check The following words appearin the text. Make sure you know what they

mean.

spacecraft • cocpit • hoax

REVIEW OF READING STRATEGIES

2 Look at the title and the pictures. What do

you thi nk the text is about?

3. Read the first sentence of each paragraph

In which paragraph do you think youl l find

the following ?

1 a desciptio of a sal British T show2 . a desciptio of the falists "space wal3 . the reactio of the contestats to the hoax

4 Scan the text and fin d the followinginformation

1 the year Big Brther bega2. what ta Cty is ad whee ts ocated3 the amount of pr e oey gve to the fa ists

5 Read the text Look at the words in colour

and try to guess the meaning of each one

6 Are the fol lowing statemen ts true or false?

ind evidence i n the text to support your

answers

The part icipats the f ist Big Bothe weenaware of the impotance of ther pograme.

2 Tweve cotestats wee ch ose to f yto oter space

3. The cotestants were take to a trai gbase Russ a

4 . he spacecraft dd not eave the go d .

5 Cadidates thoght they were seeng paetEarth th roug h the spacecaft's wdows

6 Produ ces had expected the hoax towo pefecty.

Some participants on

7 Answer th e questions.

1 . I what way has teevs io chaged s ice 1 999?

2. How did the podces ake the base seem ke

Star Cty?

3 ow dd the cotestants fd o t about the

hoax?

4.Why were the psychoog cal tests i portant fothe pograme?

5 ow d d th e cotestants feel after they weregve th e pize?

8 Choose the best answer according to the text.

The witer fee ls that . a the hoax shod ot have been show

because it was cel

the pize s given to the cotestats were toogenerous

c. the contestants shod not compa in about

the hoaxd Kei a ssett was ot a good cad date fo the

progamme

9 Fi nd words or phrases in t he text that mean:

1 . cocated socialsed (paagraph 1

2 age, time peiod (paragraph 1

3 . o longe i use (paragaph 3)

4 n stead of (paagraph 4)

. deceved fooled (parag raph

• Do you th ink it's acceptable for TV producersto trick people as they did i n Space Cadets?

Why or why not?

real TV shows have becoe

in terna tional celebrities.


18/18

In 1 999 nine Dutch volunteers took part n the T reaity pogamme Bg Boe Moving o ahouse whee they wee cut of fom the wold they interacted unde he gaze of live televsion

cameas 24 hous a day Litte did they know that the expeimental pogramme they wee in

woud become an instan hi and begin a new era in elevision. Back then, sitcoms and soap

5 operas used o be the man form of T eneainment , bu oday viewes ae used to he facthat reayT takes up mos boadcastng ime

O all the ealty shows one of the most remakable was Biain's Space Cadets The twelvecandidates selected fo ths progamme were tod tha hey wee going to Sta Cy he

Russian ta ining facil iy fo cosmonauts nea Moscow Fou among them would have he

10 opponiy of a lifetme: o fly o oute space

Rather than Russia, howeve, the contestants wee taken to a disused militay base n the

south-east of England In ode to make the sho fligh seem long poduces told the pilot to

fly n circes over he Noh Sea o fou hous befoe landing The base anne by actos had

been elaboately dsguised as a Russian facility, down to details such as Russian light bulbs

15 wal sockes and cigaettes

Ae two weeks of taini ng all but fou conestants had been kicked o the pogamme

and it was time fo the space flght The excied winnes boaded a spacecraft taken fom

a Holywood film set Fake noises and vibations accompanied the "take-o In place of

wndows the cockpt had digital sceens which pojected images of oute space complete

20 wth beauifu views of panet Eath t was the mos elaboate hoax in television hisoy

The high point of the fve days in space was to be a spacewalk The participants left the cat

one by one to step out into space; instead they sepped into a studio set where they weegeeted by fiends and amily who told hem that they had never really left England.

Even the poduces wee supised at how well the hoax had woked

25One eason ay have been the psychoogical ests in theselection process. These wee designed especialy to

pinpoint candidates who wee vey g i ble and theefore

likely to believe whateve they wee told.

To sofen he blow the inalists wee gven pizes

3o o £25,000 each and a trp o the eal Sa City

in Russia Despite this it was had fo them

to get used to the idea that they had been

tcked When pesentes asked twentyfive

yea-old Ke Hassett if she was upset she

35 admitted that she was heaboken She

expla ined that space travel had always beenhe childhood deam Was the hoax cruel?

Pehaps But anyone volunteeing fo a

eality show knows that they may be in fo

40 some supises ts all pat of the game

False friends

nstant ( l i e ) mea inmediato ot instante

facil ( l i e 9) mea instalaci6n ot facilidad

Ut 9

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