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Recreational Water Quality and Human Health in the Caspian Region Kathy Pond, Aidan Cronin and Steve Pedley Robens Centre, University of Surrey, UK
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Recreational Water Quality and Human Health in the Caspian RegionKathy Pond, Aidan Cronin and Steve Pedley Robens Centre, University of Surrey, UK
Map Showing Study AreaIranTurkmenistanKazakhstanAzerbaijanRussian Federation
Aim of ProjectTo develop and deliver a training course for health-based monitoring of groundwater and recreational water in the Caspian Sea region (April 2001)To provide laboratory and field equipmentTo establish pilot monitoring programmes
Issues Related to Water Used for Recreational PurposesTourism - financial benefitsHealth Issues
Part of everyday life
Pathogens Associated With Recreational Use of WaterAcanthamoeba sppAdenovirusCoxsackie virusCryptosporidiumDermatophyte fungiEchovirusGiardia lambliaHepatitis ALeptospira sppMicrosporidiaMycobacterium marinumNaegleria fowleriPoliovirusPseudomonas aeruginosaShigella sppSchistosomes
Other Hazards Associated with Recreational Water Use AreasPhysical hazardsChemical contaminationVenomous animals
Objectives of Training CourseTo outline the importance of monitoring recreational water and beach quality to protect human health To outline the importance of linking monitoring to management and designing remedial measures.Emphasis on practical work
Course contentWHO Guidelines for Safe Recreational Water EnvironmentsBackground to use of indicatorsRationale for using the chosen indicatorsTechniques for water samplingTechniques for analysing water qualityQuality controlInterpretation of results and management optionsSanitary inspections
Design of Pilot ProjectPilots conducted in Azerbaijan, Iran and TurkmenistanCo-ordinators in each country responsible for selecting the beaches to be sampled and the laboratories to undertake the analysisCriteria for selecting a beach: it must be regularly used for bathing and close to the laboratory
Quality ControlAll field and laboratory equipment was sent out prior to the training course - media, filtration equipment, glassware, sampling equipment, incubators and autoclaves.To ensure comparability standard recording forms and instructions were used.Local contracts were issued to the laboratories
Laboratory Equipment
Water Quality SamplingSamplers collect 500 ml of water in sterilised containers from the same point, at the same time weekly or monthly.Sampling carried out in accordance with standard procedures recommended by the American Public Health Association.Samples immediately labelled, packed in cool box and transported to laboratory.
Sampling Team - Iran
Other Information RecordedNumber of bathersMeteorological conditionsTemperature of waterpH of water
Sanitary SurveyIdentifies sources of microbiological pollution Reviews the adequacy of the sampling programme and any management measures in place to deal with known hazardsRecommended by WHO to carry out a sanitary survey at the start of the bathing season and before any new activities that could affect the quality of the beach
Sources of Contamination
RecordingResults of the water quality sampling and sanitary survey are forwarded to the office of the Caspian Environment Programme in Baku and to the WHO Collaborating Centre at the Robens Centre each month.A follow-up visit was made to the region three months after the start of the programme
Chosen Indicators of Microbiological Contamination E. coli - always faecal in originFaecal streptococci - widely accepted as good indicator of faecal pollution. Show a close relationship with gastrointestinal symptoms associated with bathing in marine and freshwaters. WHO Guidelines based on faecal streptococci
E. coli
Faecal Streptococci
Bathing water standards and Guidelines (EC and WHO)
Parameter
EC Standard
WHO Guideline
E. coli
95%
Sampling Areas - IranTotal 10 sites monitored
E. coli concentrations from six recreational bathing waters, Iran
Chart1
10001285136901970114
22080095107127058
14001680440340660800
9602703683848040
23045013504225900257
590032705260315028001800
3500908763226750210
8300178034203009500300
17006301070100031001280
930095001630497092007760
Ramsar
Salman
Noshahre
Nashtaroud
Chalouse
Tonekabon
Date
cfu / 100ml
Ramsar
DateE coliFaecal streptococciWater Temp
9/23/0110005824.4
9/29/012202225.8
10/6/01140020023.8
10/13/0196013823.0
10/20/012309221.7
10/27/01590032017.5
11/3/01350023119.0
11/10/01830038019.1
11/17/01170032518.5
11/24/01930035014.4
Ramsar
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Ramsar Beach, Iran
Salman
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/011285340
9/29/0180090
10/6/011680380
10/13/01270113
10/20/0145057
10/27/013270345
11/3/0190853
11/10/011780260
11/17/01630100
11/24/019500380
Salman
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Salman Shahr Beach, Iran
Noshahre
DateE ColiFaecal streptococci
9/22/0113621
9/29/019513
10/6/01440222
10/13/01368106
10/20/011350330
10/27/015260350
11/3/01763188
11/10/013420325
11/17/011070287
11/24/01163049
Noshahre
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E Coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Noshahre Beach, Iran
Nashtaroud
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/019020
9/29/011076
10/6/0134060
10/13/013812
10/20/01422100
10/27/013150340
11/3/0122620
11/10/0130030
11/17/01100080
11/24/014970113
Nashtaroud
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Nashtaroud Beach, Iran
Chalouse
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/011970200
9/29/011270280
10/6/01660170
10/13/0148070
10/20/015900340
10/27/012800350
11/3/01750140
11/10/019500380
11/17/013100252
11/24/019200380
Chalouse
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Chalouse Beach, Iran
Tonekabon
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/0111425
9/29/01588
10/6/01800126
10/13/01408
10/20/0125722
10/27/011800340
11/3/012109
11/10/0130030
11/17/011280110
11/24/017760230
Tonekabon
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Tonekabon Beach, Iran
All
DateRamsarSalmanNoshahreNashtaroudChalouseTonekabon
E coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE ColiFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/011000581285340136219020197020011425
9/29/012202280090951310761270280588
10/6/011400200168038044022234060660170800126
10/13/01960138270113368106381248070408
10/20/0123092450571350330422100590034025722
10/27/01590032032703455260350315034028003501800340
11/3/01350023190853763188226207501402109
11/10/0183003801780260342032530030950038030030
11/17/011700325630100107028710008031002521280110
11/24/0193003509500380163049497011392003807760230
All
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
Ramsar E coli
Ramsar Faecal streptococci
Salman E coli
Salman Faecal streptococci
Noshahre E Coli
Noshahre Faecal streptococci
Nashtaroud E coli
Nashtaroud Faecal streptococci
Chalouse E coli
Chalouse Faecal streptococci
Tonekabon E coli
Tonekabon Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Beaches, Iran
E coli
DateRamsarSalmanNoshahreNashtaroudChalouseTonekabon
9/22/0110001285136901970114
9/29/0122080095107127058
10/6/0114001680440340660800
10/13/019602703683848040
10/20/0123045013504225900257
10/27/01590032705260315028001800
11/3/013500908763226750210
11/10/018300178034203009500300
11/17/0117006301070100031001280
11/24/01930095001630497092007760
E coli
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
Ramsar
Salman
Noshahre
Nashtaroud
Chalouse
Tonekabon
Date
cfu / 100ml
E. coli concentrations from six recreational bathing waters, Iran
Strep
DateRamsarSalmanNoshahreNashtaroudChalouseTonekabon
9/22/0158340212020025
9/29/0122901362808
10/6/0120038022260170126
10/13/0113811310612708
10/20/01925733010034022
10/27/01320345350340350340
11/3/0123153188201409
11/10/013802603253038030
11/17/0132510028780252110
11/24/0135038049113380230
Strep
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
Ramsar
Salman
Noshahre
Nashtaroud
Chalouse
Tonekabon
Date
cfu / 100ml
Faecal streptococci concentrations in six recreational water areas, Iran
Other
DateNoorZagh-e-MarzKhazar AbadParcking 2 Beach
E coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococci
12/25/012023340104704013
1/1/029622235189001201240
Other
00000000
00000000
Noor E coli
Noor Faecal streptococci
Zagh-e-Marz E coli
Zagh-e-Marz Faecal streptococci
Khazar Abad E coli
Khazar Abad Faecal streptococci
Parcking 2 Beach E coli
Parcking 2 Beach Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Other Beaches, Iran
Faecal streptococci concentrations in six recreational water areas, Iran
Chart2
58340212020025
22901362808
20038022260170126
13811310612708
925733010034022
320345350340350340
23153188201409
3802603253038030
32510028780252110
35038049113380230
Ramsar
Salman
Noshahre
Nashtaroud
Chalouse
Tonekabon
Date
cfu / 100ml
Ramsar
DateE coliFaecal streptococciWater Temp
9/23/0110005824.4
9/29/012202225.8
10/6/01140020023.8
10/13/0196013823.0
10/20/012309221.7
10/27/01590032017.5
11/3/01350023119.0
11/10/01830038019.1
11/17/01170032518.5
11/24/01930035014.4
Ramsar
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Ramsar Beach, Iran
Salman
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/011285340
9/29/0180090
10/6/011680380
10/13/01270113
10/20/0145057
10/27/013270345
11/3/0190853
11/10/011780260
11/17/01630100
11/24/019500380
Salman
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Salman Shahr Beach, Iran
Noshahre
DateE ColiFaecal streptococci
9/22/0113621
9/29/019513
10/6/01440222
10/13/01368106
10/20/011350330
10/27/015260350
11/3/01763188
11/10/013420325
11/17/011070287
11/24/01163049
Noshahre
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E Coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Noshahre Beach, Iran
Nashtaroud
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/019020
9/29/011076
10/6/0134060
10/13/013812
10/20/01422100
10/27/013150340
11/3/0122620
11/10/0130030
11/17/01100080
11/24/014970113
Nashtaroud
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Nashtaroud Beach, Iran
Chalouse
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/011970200
9/29/011270280
10/6/01660170
10/13/0148070
10/20/015900340
10/27/012800350
11/3/01750140
11/10/019500380
11/17/013100252
11/24/019200380
Chalouse
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Chalouse Beach, Iran
Tonekabon
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/0111425
9/29/01588
10/6/01800126
10/13/01408
10/20/0125722
10/27/011800340
11/3/012109
11/10/0130030
11/17/011280110
11/24/017760230
Tonekabon
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Tonekabon Beach, Iran
All
DateRamsarSalmanNoshahreNashtaroudChalouseTonekabon
E coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE ColiFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococci
9/22/011000581285340136219020197020011425
9/29/012202280090951310761270280588
10/6/011400200168038044022234060660170800126
10/13/01960138270113368106381248070408
10/20/0123092450571350330422100590034025722
10/27/01590032032703455260350315034028003501800340
11/3/01350023190853763188226207501402109
11/10/0183003801780260342032530030950038030030
11/17/011700325630100107028710008031002521280110
11/24/0193003509500380163049497011392003807760230
All
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
000000000000
Ramsar E coli
Ramsar Faecal streptococci
Salman E coli
Salman Faecal streptococci
Noshahre E Coli
Noshahre Faecal streptococci
Nashtaroud E coli
Nashtaroud Faecal streptococci
Chalouse E coli
Chalouse Faecal streptococci
Tonekabon E coli
Tonekabon Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Beaches, Iran
E coli
DateRamsarSalmanNoshahreNashtaroudChalouseTonekabon
9/22/0110001285136901970114
9/29/0122080095107127058
10/6/0114001680440340660800
10/13/019602703683848040
10/20/0123045013504225900257
10/27/01590032705260315028001800
11/3/013500908763226750210
11/10/018300178034203009500300
11/17/0117006301070100031001280
11/24/01930095001630497092007760
E coli
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
Ramsar
Salman
Noshahre
Nashtaroud
Chalouse
Tonekabon
Date
cfu / 100ml
E. coli concentrations from six recreational bathing waters, Iran
Strep
DateRamsarSalmanNoshahreNashtaroudChalouseTonekabon
9/22/0158340212020025
9/29/0122901362808
10/6/0120038022260170126
10/13/0113811310612708
10/20/01925733010034022
10/27/01320345350340350340
11/3/0123153188201409
11/10/013802603253038030
11/17/0132510028780252110
11/24/0135038049113380230
Strep
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
Ramsar
Salman
Noshahre
Nashtaroud
Chalouse
Tonekabon
Date
cfu / 100ml
Faecal streptococci concentrations in six recreational water areas, Iran
Other
DateNoorZagh-e-MarzKhazar AbadParcking 2 Beach
E coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococci
12/25/012023340104704013
1/1/029622235189001201240
Other
00000000
00000000
Noor E coli
Noor Faecal streptococci
Zagh-e-Marz E coli
Zagh-e-Marz Faecal streptococci
Khazar Abad E coli
Khazar Abad Faecal streptococci
Parcking 2 Beach E coli
Parcking 2 Beach Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Other Beaches, Iran
Summary of Results - Iran10 beaches sampledFour beaches failed EC Guideline for E. coliNoticeable peaks in concentrations of faecal streptococci
Sampling Areas - AzerbaijanTotal 3 sites monitored - approximately 100 Km apart
E. coli counts per 100 ml at two recreational bathing beaches, Azerbaijan
Chart1
2417
2119
2216
26
20
2037164
22
21
19
23
15
18
14
2215
1816
2018
21
20
2416
2015
1812
22
23
2214
1813
1614
16
20
2315
2111
2115
21
18
1814
1816
1916
20
19
2215
2015
2115
22
20
1814
1917
2115
20
21
1916
2114
1715
16
19
Novkhana
Shihovo
Date
cfu/100 ml
Sheet1
Azerbaijan
Site NumberNameDateTimepHTemperatureE. coli/100 mlFaecal streptococciComments
1Novkhana9/23/0109,508,1924,42435Weather, good, windless
2Novkhana9/23/0110,008,3024,42139
3Novkhana9/23/0110,108,0824,42237
4Novkhana9/23/0110,208,2124,42631
5Novkhana9/23/0110,308,2424,42034
6Shihovo9/23/0112,308,0924,31728
7Shihovo9/23/0112,408,1124,31922
8Shihovo9/23/0112,508,1724,31626
1Novkhana9/30/0110,008,1823,82034Weather, good, sea wind
2Novkhana9/30/0110,108,3223,82238
3Novkhana9/30/0110,208,0923,82131
4Novkhana9/30/0110,308,2223,81929
5Novkhana9/30/0110,408,2622,62332
6Novkhana9/30/0112,308,1122,61524
7Novkhana9/30/0112,408,1422,61827
8Novkhana9/30/0112,508,2122,61425
9Govsana9/30/0114,557,922,11330
10Govsana9/30/0115,058,022,11128
Novkhana11/3/012226
Novkhana11/3/011830
Novkhana11/3/012032
Novkhana11/3/012130
Novkhana11/3/012029
Shihovo11/3/011522
Shihovo11/3/011628
Shihovo11/3/011826
Novkhana11/10/012425
Novkhana11/10/012028
Novkhana11/10/011820
Novkhana11/10/012228
Novkhana11/10/012323
Shihovo11/10/011622
Shihovo11/10/011525
Shihovo11/10/011222
Novkhana11/17/012228
Novkhana11/17/011828
Novkhana11/17/011630
Novkhana11/17/011625
Novkhana11/17/012026
Shihovo11/17/011425
Shihovo11/17/011319
Shihovo11/17/011419
Novkhana11/24/012326
Novkhana11/24/012128
Novkhana11/24/012130
Novkhana11/24/012125
Novkhana11/24/011822
Shihovo11/24/011520
Shihovo11/24/011120
Shihovo11/24/011518
Novkhana1/5/021821
Novkhana1/5/021822
Novkhana1/5/021924
Novkhana1/5/022026
Novkhana1/5/021924
Shihovo1/5/021421
Shihovo1/5/021627
Shihovo1/5/021625
Novkhana1/12/022229
Novkhana1/12/022027
Novkhana1/12/022126
Novkhana1/12/022228
Novkhana1/12/022025
Shihovo1/12/021521
Shihovo1/12/021524
Shihovo1/12/021522
Novkhana1/19/021820
Novkhana1/19/021921
Novkhana1/19/022124
Novkhana1/19/022023
Novkhana1/19/022122
Shihovo1/19/021423
Shihovo1/19/021725
Shihovo1/19/021521
Novkhana1/26/021926
Novkhana1/26/022127
Novkhana1/26/021723
Novkhana1/26/021621
Novkhana1/26/021925
Shihovo1/26/021620
Shihovo1/26/021421
Shihovo1/26/021520
Sheet2
NameDateE. coli/100 ml
NovkhanaShihovo
Novkhana 19/23/012417
Novkhana 22119
Novkhana 32216
Novkhana 426
Novkhana 520
Novkhana 19/30/0120
Novkhana 222
Novkhana 321
Novkhana 419
Novkhana 523
Novkhana 615
Novkhana 718
Novkhana 814
Novkhana 111/3/012215
Novkhana 21816
Novkhana 32018
Novkhana 421
Novkhana 520
Novkhana 111/10/012416
Novkhana 22015
Novkhana 31812
Novkhana 422
Novkhana 523
Novkhana 111/17/012214
Novkhana 21813
Novkhana 31614
Novkhana 416
Novkhana 520
Novkhana 111/24/012315
Novkhana 22111
Novkhana 32115
Novkhana 421
Novkhana 518
Novkhana 11/5/021814
Novkhana 21816
Novkhana 31916
Novkhana 420
Novkhana 519
Novkhana 11/12/022215
Novkhana 22015
Novkhana 32115
Novkhana 422
Novkhana 520
Novkhana 11/19/021814
Novkhana 21917
Novkhana 32115
Novkhana 420
Novkhana 521
Novkhana 11/26/021916
Novkhana 22114
Novkhana 31715
Novkhana 416
Novkhana 519
Sheet2
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Novkhana
Shihovo
Date
cfu/100 ml
E. coli counts per 100 ml at two recreational bathing beaches, Azerbaijan
Sheet3
DateFaecal Streptococci
NovkhanaShihovo
9/23/013528
3922
3726
31
34
9/30/0134
38
31
29
32
24
27
25
11/3/012622
3028
3226
30
29
11/10/012522
2825
2022
28
23
11/17/012825
2819
3019
25
26
11/24/012620
2820
3018
25
22
1/5/022121
2227
2425
26
24
1/12/022921
2724
2622
28
25
1/19/022023
2125
2421
23
22
1/26/022620
2721
2320
21
25
Sheet3
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Novkhana
Shihovo
Date
cfu/100 ml
Counts of faecal streptococci per 100 ml at two recreational bathing beaches, Azerbaijan
Counts of faecal streptococci per 100 ml at two recreational bathing beaches, Azerbaijan
Chart1
3528
3922
3726
31
34
3437164
38
31
29
32
24
27
25
2622
3028
3226
30
29
2522
2825
2022
28
23
2825
2819
3019
25
26
2620
2820
3018
25
22
2121
2227
2425
26
24
2921
2724
2622
28
25
2023
2125
2421
23
22
2620
2721
2320
21
25
Novkhana
Shihovo
Date
cfu/100 ml
Sheet1
Azerbaijan
Site NumberNameDateTimepHTemperatureE. coli/100 mlFaecal streptococciComments
1Novkhana9/23/0109,508,1924,42435Weather, good, windless
2Novkhana9/23/0110,008,3024,42139
3Novkhana9/23/0110,108,0824,42237
4Novkhana9/23/0110,208,2124,42631
5Novkhana9/23/0110,308,2424,42034
6Shihovo9/23/0112,308,0924,31728
7Shihovo9/23/0112,408,1124,31922
8Shihovo9/23/0112,508,1724,31626
1Novkhana9/30/0110,008,1823,82034Weather, good, sea wind
2Novkhana9/30/0110,108,3223,82238
3Novkhana9/30/0110,208,0923,82131
4Novkhana9/30/0110,308,2223,81929
5Novkhana9/30/0110,408,2622,62332
6Novkhana9/30/0112,308,1122,61524
7Novkhana9/30/0112,408,1422,61827
8Novkhana9/30/0112,508,2122,61425
9Govsana9/30/0114,557,922,11330
10Govsana9/30/0115,058,022,11128
Novkhana11/3/012226
Novkhana11/3/011830
Novkhana11/3/012032
Novkhana11/3/012130
Novkhana11/3/012029
Shihovo11/3/011522
Shihovo11/3/011628
Shihovo11/3/011826
Novkhana11/10/012425
Novkhana11/10/012028
Novkhana11/10/011820
Novkhana11/10/012228
Novkhana11/10/012323
Shihovo11/10/011622
Shihovo11/10/011525
Shihovo11/10/011222
Novkhana11/17/012228
Novkhana11/17/011828
Novkhana11/17/011630
Novkhana11/17/011625
Novkhana11/17/012026
Shihovo11/17/011425
Shihovo11/17/011319
Shihovo11/17/011419
Novkhana11/24/012326
Novkhana11/24/012128
Novkhana11/24/012130
Novkhana11/24/012125
Novkhana11/24/011822
Shihovo11/24/011520
Shihovo11/24/011120
Shihovo11/24/011518
Novkhana1/5/021821
Novkhana1/5/021822
Novkhana1/5/021924
Novkhana1/5/022026
Novkhana1/5/021924
Shihovo1/5/021421
Shihovo1/5/021627
Shihovo1/5/021625
Novkhana1/12/022229
Novkhana1/12/022027
Novkhana1/12/022126
Novkhana1/12/022228
Novkhana1/12/022025
Shihovo1/12/021521
Shihovo1/12/021524
Shihovo1/12/021522
Novkhana1/19/021820
Novkhana1/19/021921
Novkhana1/19/022124
Novkhana1/19/022023
Novkhana1/19/022122
Shihovo1/19/021423
Shihovo1/19/021725
Shihovo1/19/021521
Novkhana1/26/021926
Novkhana1/26/022127
Novkhana1/26/021723
Novkhana1/26/021621
Novkhana1/26/021925
Shihovo1/26/021620
Shihovo1/26/021421
Shihovo1/26/021520
Sheet2
NameDateE. coli/100 ml
NovkhanaShihovo
Novkhana 19/23/012417
Novkhana 22119
Novkhana 32216
Novkhana 426
Novkhana 520
Novkhana 19/30/0120
Novkhana 222
Novkhana 321
Novkhana 419
Novkhana 523
Novkhana 615
Novkhana 718
Novkhana 814
Novkhana 111/3/012215
Novkhana 21816
Novkhana 32018
Novkhana 421
Novkhana 520
Novkhana 111/10/012416
Novkhana 22015
Novkhana 31812
Novkhana 422
Novkhana 523
Novkhana 111/17/012214
Novkhana 21813
Novkhana 31614
Novkhana 416
Novkhana 520
Novkhana 111/24/012315
Novkhana 22111
Novkhana 32115
Novkhana 421
Novkhana 518
Novkhana 11/5/021814
Novkhana 21816
Novkhana 31916
Novkhana 420
Novkhana 519
Novkhana 11/12/022215
Novkhana 22015
Novkhana 32115
Novkhana 422
Novkhana 520
Novkhana 11/19/021814
Novkhana 21917
Novkhana 32115
Novkhana 420
Novkhana 521
Novkhana 11/26/021916
Novkhana 22114
Novkhana 31715
Novkhana 416
Novkhana 519
Sheet2
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Novkhana
Shihovo
Date
cfu/100 ml
E. coli counts per 100 ml at two recreational bathing beaches, Azerbaijan
Sheet3
DateFaecal Streptococci
NovkhanaShihovo
9/23/013528
3922
3726
31
34
9/30/0134
38
31
29
32
24
27
25
11/3/012622
3028
3226
30
29
11/10/012522
2825
2022
28
23
11/17/012825
2819
3019
25
26
11/24/012620
2820
3018
25
22
1/5/022121
2227
2425
26
24
1/12/022921
2724
2622
28
25
1/19/022023
2125
2421
23
22
1/26/022620
2721
2320
21
25
Sheet3
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Novkhana
Shihovo
Date
cfu/100 ml
Counts of faecal streptococci per 100 ml at two recreational bathing beaches, Azerbaijan
Summary Results for AzerbaijanThree sites sampled. E.coli counts less than EC Guide valueFaecal streptococci counts less than EC guideline value
Sampling Areas - TurkmenistanTotal 4 sites monitored. Approximately 26 Km apart
Counts of E. coli bacteria/100 ml at four recreational bathing areas in Turkmenistan
Chart1
42366053
903105
321411212
626412
9611916
1249272
757334
545627
5216513035
12333
385313221
10351160
07180
022410
65483
20770
153421
712354
723015
59521
722570
169170
123190
1331201
02291
00460
148263
Hotel Awara
Hotel Hazar
Hotel Florida
Resort Ufra
Date
cfu / 100ml
Hotel Awaza
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/01420
7/4/0196
7/13/01325
7/19/0166
7/25/0190
8/1/01121
8/9/01711
8/14/0150
8/22/015232
8/29/0110
9/6/01380
6/11/01106
9/19/0100
9/25/0102
10/2/0161
10/9/0121
10/16/01150
10/23/0170
10/30/0170
11/6/0154
11/13/0174
11/20/01164
11/27/0111
12/4/01131
12/11/0100
12/18/0103
12/25/01113
Hotel Awaza
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Hotel Awaza, Turkmenistan
Hotel Hazar
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/01360
7/4/0102
7/13/01142
7/19/01264
7/25/0160
8/1/01495
8/9/015716
8/14/014532
8/22/0116557
8/29/0121
9/6/01532
6/11/01359
9/19/0173
9/25/01221
10/2/01524
10/9/0102
10/16/0130
10/23/01121
10/30/01230
11/6/0194
11/13/01228
11/20/0192
11/27/01238
12/4/0133
12/11/0129
12/18/0100
12/25/014856
Hotel Hazar
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Hotel Hazar, Turkmenistan
Hotel Florida
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/016068
7/4/0130
7/13/0111245
7/19/014119
7/25/0111910
8/1/01273
8/9/013323
8/14/016214
8/22/011308
8/29/01333
9/6/011324
6/11/0111637
9/19/01186
9/25/01417
10/2/014811
10/9/01776
10/16/01428
10/23/013512
10/30/0100
11/6/01529
11/13/015712
11/20/01176
11/27/01195
12/4/0112023
12/11/012924
12/18/014615
12/25/01260
Hotel Florida
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Hotel Florida, Turkmenistan
Resort Ufra
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/015372
7/4/011050
7/13/01120
7/19/0120
7/25/01160
8/1/0120
8/9/0142
8/14/0170
8/22/01350
8/29/0130
9/6/01211
6/11/0100
9/19/0100
9/25/0100
10/2/0131
10/9/0100
10/16/0110
10/23/0142
10/30/01150
11/6/0113
11/13/0100
11/20/0100
11/27/0100
12/4/0110
12/11/0110
12/18/0100
12/25/0133
Resort Ufra
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Resort Ufra, Turkmenistan
All
DateHotel AwazaHotel HazarHotel FloridaResort Ufra
E coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/0142036060685372
7/4/019602301050
7/13/0132514211245120
7/19/0166264411920
7/25/01906011910160
8/1/0112149527320
8/9/017115716332342
8/14/01504532621470
8/22/015232165571308350
8/29/01102133330
9/6/013805321324211
6/11/011063591163700
9/19/01007318600
9/25/010222141700
10/2/0161524481131
10/9/01210277600
10/16/011503042810
10/23/0170121351242
10/30/017023000150
11/6/01549452913
11/13/0174228571200
11/20/011649217600
11/27/011123819500
12/4/01131331202310
12/11/010029292410
12/18/010300461500
12/25/01113485626033
All
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
Hotel Awaza E coli
Hotel Awaza Faecal streptococci
Hotel Hazar E coli
Hotel Hazar Faecal streptococci
Hotel Florida E coli
Hotel Florida Faecal streptococci
Resort Ufra E coli
Resort Ufra Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Beaches, Turkmenistan
E coli
DateHotel AwaraHotel HazarHotel FloridaResort Ufra
6/29/0142366053
7/4/01903105
7/13/01321411212
7/19/01626412
7/25/019611916
8/1/011249272
8/9/01757334
8/14/01545627
8/22/015216513035
8/29/0112333
9/6/01385313221
6/11/0110351160
9/19/0107180
9/25/01022410
10/2/0165483
10/9/0120770
10/16/01153421
10/23/01712354
10/30/01723015
11/6/0159521
11/13/01722570
11/20/01169170
11/27/01123190
12/4/011331201
12/11/0102291
12/18/0100460
12/25/01148263
E coli
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
Hotel Awara
Hotel Hazar
Hotel Florida
Resort Ufra
Date
cfu / 100ml
Counts of E. coli bacteria/100 ml at four recreational bathing areas in Turkmenistan
Strep
DateHotel AwaraHotel HazarHotel FloridaResort Ufra
6/29/01006872
7/4/016200
7/13/0152450
7/19/0164190
7/25/0100100
8/1/011530
8/9/011116232
8/14/01032140
8/22/01325780
8/29/010130
9/6/010241
6/11/0169370
9/19/010360
9/25/012170
10/2/01124111
10/9/011260
10/16/010080
10/23/0101122
10/30/010000
11/6/014493
11/13/0148120
11/20/014260
11/27/011850
12/4/0113230
12/11/0109240
12/18/0130150
12/25/01135603
Strep
006872
6200
52450
64190
00100
1530
1116232
032140
325780
0130
0241
69370
0360
2170
124111
1260
0080
01122
0000
4493
48120
4260
1850
13230
09240
30150
135603
Hotel Awara
Hotel Hazar
Hotel Florida
Resort Ufra
Date
cfu / 100ml
Faecal streptococci, Turkmenistan
Counts of faecal streptococci per 100 ml, at four recreational bathing sites, Turkmenistan
Chart2
006872
6200
52450
64190
00100
1530
1116232
032140
325780
0130
0241
69370
0360
2170
124111
1260
0080
01122
0000
4493
48120
4260
1850
13230
09240
30150
135603
Hotel Awara
Hotel Hazar
Hotel Florida
Resort Ufra
Date
cfu / 100ml
Hotel Awaza
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/01420
7/4/0196
7/13/01325
7/19/0166
7/25/0190
8/1/01121
8/9/01711
8/14/0150
8/22/015232
8/29/0110
9/6/01380
6/11/01106
9/19/0100
9/25/0102
10/2/0161
10/9/0121
10/16/01150
10/23/0170
10/30/0170
11/6/0154
11/13/0174
11/20/01164
11/27/0111
12/4/01131
12/11/0100
12/18/0103
12/25/01113
Hotel Awaza
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Hotel Awaza, Turkmenistan
Hotel Hazar
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/01360
7/4/0102
7/13/01142
7/19/01264
7/25/0160
8/1/01495
8/9/015716
8/14/014532
8/22/0116557
8/29/0121
9/6/01532
6/11/01359
9/19/0173
9/25/01221
10/2/01524
10/9/0102
10/16/0130
10/23/01121
10/30/01230
11/6/0194
11/13/01228
11/20/0192
11/27/01238
12/4/0133
12/11/0129
12/18/0100
12/25/014856
Hotel Hazar
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Hotel Hazar, Turkmenistan
Hotel Florida
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/016068
7/4/0130
7/13/0111245
7/19/014119
7/25/0111910
8/1/01273
8/9/013323
8/14/016214
8/22/011308
8/29/01333
9/6/011324
6/11/0111637
9/19/01186
9/25/01417
10/2/014811
10/9/01776
10/16/01428
10/23/013512
10/30/0100
11/6/01529
11/13/015712
11/20/01176
11/27/01195
12/4/0112023
12/11/012924
12/18/014615
12/25/01260
Hotel Florida
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Hotel Florida, Turkmenistan
Resort Ufra
DateE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/015372
7/4/011050
7/13/01120
7/19/0120
7/25/01160
8/1/0120
8/9/0142
8/14/0170
8/22/01350
8/29/0130
9/6/01211
6/11/0100
9/19/0100
9/25/0100
10/2/0131
10/9/0100
10/16/0110
10/23/0142
10/30/01150
11/6/0113
11/13/0100
11/20/0100
11/27/0100
12/4/0110
12/11/0110
12/18/0100
12/25/0133
Resort Ufra
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
E coli
Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Resort Ufra, Turkmenistan
All
DateHotel AwazaHotel HazarHotel FloridaResort Ufra
E coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococciE coliFaecal streptococci
6/29/0142036060685372
7/4/019602301050
7/13/0132514211245120
7/19/0166264411920
7/25/01906011910160
8/1/0112149527320
8/9/017115716332342
8/14/01504532621470
8/22/015232165571308350
8/29/01102133330
9/6/013805321324211
6/11/011063591163700
9/19/01007318600
9/25/010222141700
10/2/0161524481131
10/9/01210277600
10/16/011503042810
10/23/0170121351242
10/30/017023000150
11/6/01549452913
11/13/0174228571200
11/20/011649217600
11/27/011123819500
12/4/01131331202310
12/11/010029292410
12/18/010300461500
12/25/01113485626033
All
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
Hotel Awaza E coli
Hotel Awaza Faecal streptococci
Hotel Hazar E coli
Hotel Hazar Faecal streptococci
Hotel Florida E coli
Hotel Florida Faecal streptococci
Resort Ufra E coli
Resort Ufra Faecal streptococci
Date
cfu / 100ml
Beaches, Turkmenistan
E coli
DateHotel AwaraHotel HazarHotel FloridaResort Ufra
6/29/0142366053
7/4/01903105
7/13/01321411212
7/19/01626412
7/25/019611916
8/1/011249272
8/9/01757334
8/14/01545627
8/22/015216513035
8/29/0112333
9/6/01385313221
6/11/0110351160
9/19/0107180
9/25/01022410
10/2/0165483
10/9/0120770
10/16/01153421
10/23/01712354
10/30/01723015
11/6/0159521
11/13/01722570
11/20/01169170
11/27/01123190
12/4/011331201
12/11/0102291
12/18/0100460
12/25/01148263
E coli
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
Hotel Awara
Hotel Hazar
Hotel Florida
Resort Ufra
Date
cfu / 100ml
Counts of E. coli bacteria/100 ml at four recreational bathing areas in Turkmenistan
Strep
DateHotel AwaraHotel HazarHotel FloridaResort Ufra
6/29/01006872
7/4/016200
7/13/0152450
7/19/0164190
7/25/0100100
8/1/011530
8/9/011116232
8/14/01032140
8/22/01325780
8/29/010130
9/6/010241
6/11/0169370
9/19/010360
9/25/012170
10/2/01124111
10/9/011260
10/16/010080
10/23/0101122
10/30/010000
11/6/014493
11/13/0148120
11/20/014260
11/27/011850
12/4/0113230
12/11/0109240
12/18/0130150
12/25/01135603
Strep
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Hotel Awara
Hotel Hazar
Hotel Florida
Resort Ufra
Date
cfu / 100ml
Faecal streptococci, Turkmenistan
Summary of Results from TurkmenistanFour sites sampledGenerally good qualityTwo sites regularly show counts of E. coli greater than 100 per 100 ml - exceeding the EC guide valueAll sites are within the Mandatory valueAll sites less than 100 faecal streptococci per 100 ml
ConclusionsResults so far seem to indicate compliance with EC Standards and WHO Guidelines in Turkmenistan and AzerbaijanConsiderable spatial and temporal variation in microbiological quality is noted indicating changing health risks
AchievementsThe programme helped to strengthen technical co-operation and capacities between countriesProvided guidance on the establishment of local capabilities for controlling water-borne diseasesRaised awareness of WHO guidelinesStrengthened regional data collection, and provided an infrastructure for a long-term programme of monitoring and data collectionPromoted discussion and co-operation between bordering countries of the Caspian Sea
This slide shows the area that the project is concerned with. The Caspian Sea is in fact an inland lake, bordered by Azerbaijan, Russia, Kazakhstan and Iran.
It is the largest inland body of water in the world and it is estimated that the levels have risen by about 2.5 metres over the last 25 years.This project was undertaken by the Robens Centre for Public and Environmental Health, University of Surrey, as part of the Caspian Environment ProgrammeGood quality recreational water may provide financial benefits to a community through attracting tourists to an area.
The health issues associated with bathing in contaminated water may be significant.
Primary concern of researchers in this field of work has been the relatively minor illnesses such as gastrointestinal illnesses and ear, nose and throat infections. However, more serious illnesses such as hepatitis A and Legionnaires disease have been linked with bathing in recreational waters.Good quality water that can be used for recreation is particularly important in tourist areas but often those same waters are a part of everyday life for the local communities, and therefore it is equally important to ensure that recreational waters that are not in tourist areas do not pose a health risk Primary concern of researchers in this field of work has been directed towards gastrointestinal illnesses acquired whilst bathing but a number of other health hazards may be encountered. This slide shows just a few of pathogens that are associated with recreational use of water.
In addition other hazards such as chemical contamination, hazardous animals and physical hazards may be encountered in recreational water use areas. These are generally more local or regional in distribution.2 represetatives from each country bordering the Caspain Sea were invited to the training programme which was held in Turkmenbashi, in the north of Turkmenistan. The backgrounds of the participants varied quite considerably.
