Red Hat Linux Installation book by _sandeep Jangir

7/28/2019 Red Hat Linux Installation book by _sandeep Jangir

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HOW INSTALL RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX 5 INGRAPHICAL MODE

Requirement Bootable Red hat enterprise Linux 5 DVD

Definition of bootable DVD The boot sector of a DVD disk is located at

cylinder 0, head 0, sector 1. This sector is created by a DVD disk formatting

program, such as the NERO ,POWER ISO programs and a bootable DVD disk

partition (the MBR - Master Boot Record) have the information about the stages

of the system's boot processing

STEP 1 Go to bios setting and select first boot device CD-ROM otherwisetemporary boot from CD-ROM.

STEP 2 After boot from CD-ROM It will show a screen look like this.


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Here we will got some information that press ENTER for install in graphical mode

and type Linux text for install in text mode and press F2 for more

installation options (example noprobe, Linux text etc.) & F4 for kernel options

and F5 for RESCUE mode.

Graphical Mode & Text Mode Graphical mode is easy then text mode .In

graphical mode we will got some information about installation and other things

and it is easiest way to installation if you have knowledge to install in graphical

then you can use text mode.

Rescue Mode If we are having hardware or software problems, and we

want to get a few important files of our system's hard drive then we can get file

from Rescue Mode. If we are unable to boot normally into Red Hat Enterprise

Linux then we can repair our system so in simple words we can say Rescue Mode

is Recovery Mode.

STEP 3


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We will learn that how to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 in

graphical mode so press ENTER for install in graphical mode. After

choose type of graphical (after press enter) installation it will show ascreen look like this..

Click on ok button for testing the CD media before installation and

choose skip options for skip the media testing. Here I choose skip

options because Im sure that my media disk is correct and have notany error if you are not sure then test the media disk before

installation. After chose skip options it will show a screen look like

this.


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STEP 4

Press next to continue installation. After press next button it will show a screen

look like this.

Please select language here that you want to use during installation process.Red

Hat Enterprise Linux 5 supports installation of multiple languages and changing

of languages based on your requirements.The following languages are supported

in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5

East Asian Languages - Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional),Japanese and Korean.

European Languages - French, German, Italian, Portuguese (Brazilian),

Russian and Spanish. Indic Languages - Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam,

Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Sinhalese, Tamil and Telugu.

STEP 5


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After selecting language press next for continue installation. After pressing next

button it will show a screen look like this..

Select Keyboard language here that you want .By default it use U.S English

language. Press next button after selecting keyboard language. After pressing

next button it will Show screen look like this


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STEP 6 Here it will show you two options

1:- installation number If you want to subscription from Red Hat

and want to get update packages then put installation number if you dont

want subscription then skip this option

2:- skip entering installation number This option use to skip

installation number

I choose skip option because I dont want subscription right now. Afterselect skip option and pressing ok button it will show again a screen look

like this.


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STEP 7 Press on skip button for skip installation number option and

press on back button for previous option. After pressing skip it will show a

screen look like this..


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In that picture you will see some options so Im going to explain these options

and I will explain you that what is the mean of those options.

Remove all partitions on selected drives and create default layout

This option will delete the all partition of your hard disk and will create a

default layout. Default layout means it will create 100MB of boot partition and will

create swap partition according to system RAM size and will create / partition of

whole free space. If you have already Windows or other operating system in your

machine then dont choose this option otherwise it will delete all partition and

you will loss all your data.

Warning:- Dont choose that option if you have Windows or other operating

system.

Remove Linux partitions on selected drives and create default layout

This option will delete the Linux partition of your hard disk if you already have

Linux operating system and will create a default layout. Default layout means it

will create 100MB of boot partition and will create swap partition according to

system RAM size and will create / partition of whole free space.

Use free space on selected drives and create default layout

In this option if you have free space on selected drives then it will use free space

and will create default layout. I already explained about default layout .

Create custom layout In this option you can customize partition table as

you like. This option depend on your choice that what do you want.

So here i choose create custom layout option. After chose option click on next

button for continue installation. After click next button it will show a screen look

like this


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I deleted my all partition because I dont have windows partition on my system. If

you have any partition and you want to use that partition then dont delete that

partition. The minimum size of free space for install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 is5GB to 6GB and for fully installation (in which all packages included) 8GB to

10GB required. So if you have minimum size of space for installation then

continue.

If you dont have minimum required space for installation then end the process.

STEP 8 There are many buttons on that picture like New, Edit, Delete,

Reset , RAID, LVM. Im going to sort description about those buttons .

New For create new partition

Edit For edit a created partition

Delete For delete a created partition


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Reset For reset partition table

Raid For create a raid (redundant array of inexpensive disks) partition

Lvm For create lvm partition (logical volume management) partition

Click on new button. After clicking new button it will show a screen look likethis.

STEP 9 After clicking on new button you will see some options in thatpicture like Mount point, File system type, Encrypt, etc. So i will give a sort

description about those options.

Mount Point To access any file system, it is first necessary to mount itwithout mounting a file system we cant access a file system. In simple words we

can say that mount point is place where we can access a file system.

Types of mount point 1 / (forward slash):- / Is the top mount point inRed Hat . All others mount points will create under slash mount. All data ofsystem will store under slash mount point.


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2 /boot: - This partition is the first partition that is read by the system duringboot up. The boot loader and kernel images that are used to boot your systeminto Red Hat Enterprise Linux are stored in this partition.

3 /usr:- Programmes and source code related data kept under /usr mount point.

4 /var:- Variable data, such as spools, man pages, news and mailqueues, database data are kept in /var mount point.

5/home:- Users data are kept in /home mount point.

6/tmp:- Temporary data are store in /tmp mount point.

7 /usr/local:- Containing programs specific to the local system (the /usr mightbe shared across different systems in large environments)

8 /opt:- contains add-on packages and is usually used to install applicationsinto which are not provided by your package manager natively (as those shouldreside in /usr) or build specific to the local system (/usr/local).

Minimum size of partitions

Directory Minimum size

/ 250 MB

/home 100 MB

/boot 100 MB

/usr 250 MB

/var 384 MB

/root 3GB 5G

/tmp 50 MB


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File system A partition is a section of a hard disk that contains a single

type of file system. A file system is a way of organizing data on a computer

system.

The meaning is the type of file system, that is, how the storage of data (i.e., files,

folders, etc.) is organized on a computer disk (hard disk, floppy disk, CDROM,

etc.) or on a partition on a hard disk. Each type of file system has its own set of

rules for controlling the allocation of disk space to files and for associating data

about each file with that file, such as its filename, the directory in which it is

located, its permissions and its creation date.

Types of file system

Ext2:- This is second extended file system of Linux. Ext2 features (1)

improved algorithms that greatly increase its speed, (2) additional timestamps

(such as date of last access and date of last inode modification), (3) the ability to

track the state of the file system and (4) support for a maximum file size.

Ext3:- This is the enhanced version of Ext2 file system.The main benefit of ext3

is that it allows journaling. Journaling has a dedicated area in the file system,where all the changes are tracked. When the system crashes, the possibility of

file system corruption is less because of journaling.

Vfat:- vfat is still the easiest way to share data between Linux and the somewhatlimited Windows-world.

Raid :- (Redundant Array of Inexpensive disk). It is a category of disk drives thatemploy two or more drives in combination for fault tolerance and performance.RAID disk drives are used frequently on servers but aren't generally necessaryfor personal computers. RAID allows you to store the same data redundantly (inmultiple paces) in a balanced way to improve overall storage performance.


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Logical volume manger (LVM):-

LVM is a tool for logical volume management which includes allocating

disks, striping, mirroring and resizing logical volumes.

The physical volumes are combined into logical volumes, with the exception ofthe /boot/ partition. The /boot/ partition cannot be on a logical volume groupbecause the boot loader cannot read it. If the root (/) partition is on a logicalvolume, create a separate /boot/ partition which is not a part of a volume group.

A Basic example of LVM:-

For example, say that you have a 1GB disc and you create the "/home" partitionusing 600MB. Imagine that you run out of space and decide that you need 1GB in"/home". Using the old notion of partitions, you'd have to have another drive atleast 1GB in size. You could then add the disc, create a new /home, and copy theexisting data over.

However, with an LVM setup, you could simply add a 400MB (or larger) disc, andadd its storage units to the "/home" partition. Other tools allow you to resize anexisting file-system, so you simply resize it.


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Swap:-

Swap space is the area on a hard disk which is part of the Virtual Memory

of your machine, which is a combination of accessible physical memory (RAM)and the swap space. Swap space temporarily holds memory pages that areinactive. Swap space is used when your system decides that it needs physicalmemory for active processes and there is insufficient unused physical memoryavailable. If the system happens to need more memory resources or space,inactive pages in physical memory are then moved to the swap space thereforefreeing up that physical memory for other uses.

Minimum required size of swap is 256 MB. Swap size depend on system RAMsize. Im going to explain that what the recommended size ofswap partition is???

RAM Size Recommended size of swap

4GB RAM or less Minimum 2GB

4GB to 16GB of RAM Minimum 4GB




Encrypt: - Use this option for encrypt partition. It will ask you a password forpartition encryption. It will ask you passphrase at boot up time for decryptpartition.

STEP 10

Create all partition (/, /home, /boot, /tmp, /var etc.) in ext3 file systembecause Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 support ext3 file system and ext3 file systemis better than ext2 file system.

How to create a partition

First select mount point and then select file system type and select size ofpartition that you want. Please see this picture for better understanding..


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Here i created /home partition of 100 MB size with ext3 file system. So create all

partition with required size. When you create swap partition then select file

system type swap and then select size of swap according to RAM size.

After created all partitions, it will show a screen look like this


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STEP 11 After created all partition according required size, click on next

button for continue installation. After click on next button it will show a screen

look like this

Here we can set a boot loader password for security purpose. For changes in

boot configuration at boot time, it will ask you a passphrase for changes in boot

configuration.

And here we can set label ofoperating system, the default label is Red Hat

Enterprise Linux. For advance boot configuration select Configure advancedboot loader option.

STEP 12

Click on next button for continue installation. After press next button it will show

a screen look like this..


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Configure your ip (Internet protocol) address and HOST name manually or

automatically via DHCP server.

For configure manually ip address, press on edit button, after press edit button it

will show a screen look like this


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HOW INSTALL RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX 5 INGRAPHICAL MODEHere I configure 172.24.0.1 ip address and subnet mask 255.255.0.0 because

that ip class is B so I set subnet mask 255.255.0.0

After press ok it will show a screen look like this.

Here i configured ip address 172.24.0.1 and HOST namewww.grras.com

And gateway 172.24.0.254 and primary DNS server and secondary DNS server

STEP 13

After network configuration, press on next button for continues

installation. After press next button, it will show a screen look like this.
http://www.grras.com/http://www.grras.com/http://www.grras.com/http://www.grras.com/


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Select time zone here as your requirement &I choose Asia/Kolkata time zone

here.

STEP 14 After select time zone click on next button for continues

installation. After click on next button, it will show a screen look like this


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Set Root user password here. Root user is the admin (super) user in Red Hat

Enterprise Linux 5.

STEP 15 After set password for Root user; click on next button forcontinues installation. After click on next button it will show a screen look like

this

Here we can customize the software selection. If you want customize software

selection then select Customize now options otherwise select Customize

later option for later software selection. Here I choose Customize later option.

Click on next button after selection software option.

STEP 16 After click on next button, it will show a screen look like

this..


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Click on next button for continues installation.

STEP 17 After click on next button, it will show a screen look like this.


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Installation in progress..Please wait here, it will take few minutes for install

packages.

STEP 18 After complete install packages, it will show a screen look likethis..

The Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 installation is complete. Press on reboot button

for reboot your system.

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Red Hat Linux Installation book by _sandeep Jangir

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