emergency housing “architecture on the edge of survival” concept -an extreme form of architecture (“architecture on the edge of survival”), tenets: 1. universal application (ability to modify, ie. adding insulation) 2. effective performance (use of post-tensioning in bamboo plywood strips) 3. economical (use of local materials, selection is performance-based) 4. transportable (collapsable to flats) 5. ease of assembly (simple friction bond of male & female parts with few fasteners) 6. renewable materials 7. digitally prefabricated (CNC - precision, adds to ease of assembly) 8. open work (easy recombination of cruciform layout) 9. urban &/or rural applications 10. flexibility of use Red + Housing - OBRA Architects
Transcript
emergency housing
“architecture on the edge of survival”
concept
-an extreme form of architecture (“architecture on the edge of survival”), tenets:
1. universal application (ability to modify, ie. adding insulation)
2. effective performance (use of post-tensioning in bamboo plywood strips)
3. economical (use of local materials, selection is performance-based)
4.transportable(collapsabletoflats)
5. ease of assembly (simple friction bond of male & female parts with few fasteners)
6. renewable materials
7. digitally prefabricated (CNC - precision, adds to ease of assembly)
8. open work (easy recombination of cruciform layout)
9. urban &/or rural applications
10.flexibilityofuse
Red + Housing - OBRA Architects
emergency housing
Haiti
concept
-temporary & transitional shelter for victims displaced by natural disasters (ie. earthquake in Haiti)
-most temporary/emergency lots too small for other temporary housing; need a 2nd story for optimal living space
-25-gauge galvalume sheets sandwiched with EPS core -interlocking system, on tracks -listedbenefits:energyefficient,wind/fire/earthquake/mold/mildew/water/termite resistant, good R-values, low maintenance, high indoor air quality
delivery
-not yet built; planned for construction in New Orleans this year
emergency housing
New Orleans, LA (& other locations)
fabrication
-no single construction method used. methods include:
-site built -panelized -manufactured -modular -stick built -kit (Lowe’s)
delivery
-was available from a number of manufacturers, including off-the-shelf from Lowe’s
-not widely available anymore
use
-some erected in New Orleans & Mississippi, but local governments were against them as they felt the cottages reduced property values.
“36’indiameterAmericangraindryerwitha2000squarefootsingle-familystarter homeinside.Instantlyassembledoff-the-shelf14GAgalvanizedcorrugatedsteel exterior... Optional greenhouse. Buy 5 get one free!”
House-in-a-Can - Austin & Mergold
fabrication
-manufacturing base already in place for sourcing, fabrication, engineering & delivery(mass production systems already available)
delivery
-not yet built
emergency housing
Finland
concept
-temporary building for cold climates in crisis situations
-intended to house a family of 5 for 5 years, at which time the house can be upgraded, relocated, resold or recycled
-200 square feet (standard of 38 sq ft/person for emergency housing); 2 sleeping spaces, galley kitchen, dual purpose eating/living/workspace
Liina Transitional Shelter - Aalto University
fabrication
-assembled by 2 adults in 6 hours with common tools & a cartoon diagram
The Nano Rescue is a prefabricated panelized home that takes advantage of natural light, has good shading, collects rainwater, and hooks directly to sewer holding tanks so there is no need for plumbing in place.
stackable
The homes come in standardized sizes so they can easily be stacked up or adjacent to each other and do not require any additional steel framework. This means that 8 stories high, low-rise apartment buildings can be easily erected.
NLS
NLS offers a building system that is effi cient, cost effective and thermally superior. NLS technology consists of a series of systems, including the Nano Composite Wall (NCW), a wall system that has excellent thermal capabilities and can be used to build up to 8 stories without the need for additional strucutral support.
The Nano Rescue is a pre-engineered system and contains many of the Nano Living System’s technologies (NLS), for example: lift bed, panels, recyclable materials, and water collection systems.
construction & use
It can be constructed in four days, after which it is fully equipped and ready for move-in.
Although the Nano Rescue is only intended to be occupied up to 3 years, it can be transformed into a permanent residency, since all of the material can be re-used to build the permanent house.
“The Reaction Housing System is a rapid response, emergency housing system that is fl exible enough to meet any housing challenge. It is a kit of parts that primarily consists of housing units called Exos, accessories, and supporting infrastructure.”
the exo
The Exos are base housing units that proivde private living and sleeping quarters for a family of four within a climate-controlled enviornment. Electrical power is delivered via a special connector line that powers each unit’s lighting and four wall outlets. Designed to allow for various confi gurations. They can also be interconnected.
transportation
Units can be transported via truck by stacking the units on top of each other and laying them on their side. Units can also be fl at packed and transported via rail, ship, or cargo aircraft.
setting up an exo
There is almost no assembly required. An exo unit is tranpsorted in two pieces - a base and an upper shell. The bases are unloaded fi rst and then workers lower the upper shells down onto the bases where they lock into place. To complete assembly, the beds inside are lowered from their secured positions in the walls .
http://www.reactionhousingsystem.com/
The Exo Transportation Setting up an Exo
emergency housing
Recycled Pallet HouseAzin Valy & Suzan Wines of I-Beam Design
As a basic structure, the pallet houses can be easily assembled and disassembled, and can even serve as the framework for more permanent housing by adding insulation, vaper barriers, plaster, plywood, and so on. If disassembled the scrap can easily be recycled into other building materials, fuel or mulch.
design/conceptualization
The Pallet House design aims to address the need for temporary shelters (for people affected by natural disasters) that are more sturdy and inviting than a tent but still practical considering limited resources.
The house is constructed primarily of shipping pallets, which are sturdy, inexpensive and readily available. In most cases in a disaster relief effort, many of the pallets will arrive as part of the transportation of food and materials requiring no additional logistics to procure them.
competition guidelines
To address the issue of transitional housing, bridging the gap between temporary tent shelter and permanent home. The house should last about fi ve years, the time it takes a Kosovar family to rebuild a typical stone house.
cost
One transitional shelter measuring 10’x20’ would take 80 pallets to build and cost approximately $500.00
emergency housing
Cardboard HousePeter Stutchbury & Richard Smith
design/conceptualization
Cardboard house is an eco-friendly housing unit intended as temporary housing but is capable of many uses, including temporary housing for disaster relief. Constructed of 100% recycled (and recyclable after use) materials, the house is extremely low cost both monetarily and environmentally. It can be put together by 2 people in 6 hours.
HDPE
The house is waterproofed using HDPE plastic, which is also used for the construction of fl exible under-fl oor water tanks as well as the kitchen and bathrom pods.
structure
The house was conceived as a kit of parts comprised of frames, infi ll fl oor, and wall panels. A series of repetitive portal frames are spaced and stabilized by a secondary structure similar to the interlocking spacers used in wine boxes. The Lightweight mate-rials (making it transportable and easily assembled) are held down by the roof’s fabric (operating similar to a tent fl y), which also diffuses daylight and turns the structure into a ‘glow-box’ at night. Water collected under the fl oor also assists in holding down the building.
LED Architecture Studio addresses the psychological impact of displacement and destruction onset by disasters, and gives attention to nutritional aspects and to the need to restore a safe and hospitable atmosphere.
The Techno Box is a habitat structure designed to perform in emergency situations and provide a high comfort acoustical and thermal environment. The elements are modules that can be aggregated to serve different functions and is designed for a maximum of 5/6 people per unit.
transportation
The techno box uses light components that allow for easy transport, simple assembly, and are adaptable to the ground. After use, the modules can be used again in other situations or can be added to other elements by stacking for a maximum of two fl oors in the vertical direction and an indefi nite number in the horizontal direction.
Each element in the composition is able to modify each dwelling module through ex-pansion and compression of spaces. These provide a relative inclusion or exclusion for functional elements. The form of the module was chosen for its ability to aggregate both as a horizontal and a vertical element.
“The modules have an internal distribution installation: water, electricity, heating, cool-ing and dehumidifi cation, which are easily connected with the external emergency net-work, and is fed with renewable sources, specifi cally through solar and photovoltaic panel, heat recovery boilers and tanks for drinking water.”
