Reduce Your Odds of Delay · 2016. 2. 1. · Traffic Flow Management (TFM) • What is Traffic Flow...

Reduce Your Odds of Delay Learn More About Traffic Flow Management

Jim McClay, NBAA

John Kosak, NBAA

• Located at the FAA Air Traffic Control System Command Center

(ATCSCC)

• Represents Business Aviation in the daily operation of the National

Airspace System (NAS)

• Provides real-time information about the daily NAS operation to NBAA

Members and to Air Traffic Services (ATS) Subscribers.

• For more information, visit www.nbaa.org/ats

2

An Introduction

http://www.nbaa.org/ats

Traffic Flow Management (TFM)

• What is Traffic Flow Management and how does it help?

• “ … the craft of managing the flow of air traffic in the National Airspace

System, or NAS, based on capacity and demand.”

• Exists to help minimize delays to your flight operation

• Accomplished through Collaborative Decision Making - gathering input

from all stakeholders before making a decision

• TFM is applied through the ATC organizational structure:

• Tower

• TRACON (if applicable)

• ARTCC – 20 of them

• ATCSCC – Air Traffic Control System Command Center.

An Overview

3


• What is a delay?

• a reportable delay is one exceeding 15 minutes

• Delays can occur as a result of a number of things:

• weather

• volume

• equipment

• runway

• other - aircraft incidents, special events, etc.

Cause of Delays

4

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Common Trouble Spots

5

• NY metro area (ZNY/N90)

• Due to airspace complexity

• DC metro area (ZDC/PCT)

• Issues with traffic to NY metros & Boston due to overhead stream

• San Francisco (SFO)

• Due to bay area – low ceilings daily

• Atlanta (ATL)

• Due to volume (the world’s busiest airport)

• Miami (ZMA) and Jacksonville (ZJX) Centers

• Due to thunderstorm activity


• Located in Vint Hill, Virginia –

south of Dulles Airport (IAD)

• Location of NBAA Air Traffic

Services

• Oversees all 20 ARTCCs and

manages the overall flow of

air traffic within the NAS

• Is responsible for coordinating

traffic management initiatives

(delays)

• Responsible for managing

airspace, not individual aircraft.

Air Traffic Control System Command Center

(ATCSCC)

6

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) FAA Centers

7


• Most common cause of delays

• Causes over 70% of delays

• Convective weather is the big problem, due to its unpredictability

• Primary FAA Tools

• Collaborative Convective Forecast Product – CCFP

• http://aviationweather.gov/products/ccfp/

• Extended Convective Forecast Product – ECFP

• http://www.aviationweather.gov/products/ecfp/

• Aviation Winter Weather Dashboard – AWWD

• http://testbed.aviationweather.gov/winterdashboard

Weather

8

http://aviationweather.gov/products/ccfp/http://www.aviationweather.gov/products/ecfp/http://testbed.aviationweather.gov/winterdashboard


• Collaborative Convective Forecast Product (CCFP)

FAA Resource

9

Traffic Flow Management

10

FAA Resource

• Extended Convective Forecast Product


11

FAA Resource

• Aviation Winter Weather Dashboard - AWWD

• http://testbed.aviationweather.gov/winterdashboard

• Based on the SREF output

• Core 30 airports

• Top 10 diversion airports

• Key secondary

• Forecast parameters:

• 3 hour snowfall

• Low visibility associated with winter weather

• Freezing rain


12

FAA Resource

• Aviation Winter Weather Dashboard


• What are Traffic Management Initiatives (TMIs)?

• There are two basic types of TMIs:

• terminal

• en route

• Compliance is mandatory with both

TMI Overview

13


• Operational Information System (OIS) • http://www.fly.faa.gov/ois/

FAA Resource

14


• So, how do we know

who will be affected by

a Traffic Management

Initiative (TMI)?

• Scope:

• Distance • ex. 1400 miles +CZY

• Center • ex. ZTL+ZOB+ZBW

• Tier • ex. 1STTIER or 2NDTIER

• INTERNAL

• Time

Scope Explained

15



FAA Resource

16


• Used to manage traffic to a specific airport

• Only traffic TO the airport

• Only traffic to THAT airport

• Departures from the airport not affected

• Delays spread out the demand

• Expect Departure Clearance Times (EDCTs)

• Valid +/– 5 minutes

Ground Delay Programs (GDPs)

17

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Ground Delay Programs (GDPs)

18


• Key points for Business Aviation operators:

• Slots created for late-filers based on 6 week historical average

• Late-filers penalized – average delay + time until first available slot

• Late-filers receive delay regardless of the scope of the GDP


• Options to avoid delays associated with a GDP:

• Consider an alternate airport.

• Consider arriving earlier or later

• FILE EARLY to avoid being considered a pop-up!!

• Use a Flight Plan Service Provider


• Manages traffic through specific AIRSPACE

• Not to specific airports

• All airports in that area are impacted

• Starts as a Flow Evaluation Area (FEA)

• Line in space

• Center boundary

• Straight line

• Anywhere in NAS

• Becomes a Flow Constrained Area (FCA) - AFP

• EDCTs like a GDP

• Boundary arrival time versus airport in GDPs

• Same ―pop-up factor‖ issues as with GDPs

Airspace Flow Programs (AFPs)

22

• Two of the most common AFPs are FCAA05 and FCAA08, used to

control traffic into the northeast

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Airspace Flow Programs (AFPs)


24

FAA Resource

• National Playbook • http://www.fly.faa.gov/PLAYBOOK/pbindex.html


25

FAA Resource

• National Playbook • http://www.fly.faa.gov/PLAYBOOK/pbindex.html


• A new type of TMI

• ATC will focus on managing the capacity of a constraint

• Designed to help manage en route traffic around a constraint in the NAS

• Designed to accommodate user preferences

• Flight operators will control how each flight responds to a constraint based

on their business model

• Planned implementation is Spring, 2014

Collaborative Trajectory Options Program (CTOP)

26

27

• One CTOP

• Multiple FCAs

FCA001

FCA002

FCA003

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Collaborative Trajectory Options Program (CTOP)

28

ACID ORIG DEST IGTD TYPE ERTD

ABC123 LAX IAD 05/1945 B757 05/1957

RTC RMN

T

TVS

T

TVE

T

Route ALT SPEE

D

0 TRM PKE J96 SLN J24 MCI J80 VHP APE AIR J162 MGW GIBBZ1 350 435

30 TRM PKE DRK J96 GUP J8 BGD MMB PER SGF J98 FAM J78 IIU J78 HVQ GIBBZ1

350 435

50 1745 1945 TRM PKE DRK J6 IRW FSM MEM J42 BNA HVQ GIBBZ1 350 430

60 1945 2145 DAG J100 LAS J146 HBU DVV J60 JOT J146 WOOST J34 AIR J162 MGW GIBBZ1

350 425

70 45 2030 2200 TRM BLH J169 TFD J50 SSO J4 EWM J66 ABI J4 FUZ UIM ELD SQS VUZ J14 CREWE J51 FAK BARIN1

310 430

ERTD – Earliest Runway Time of Departure

RTC – Relative Trajectory Cost

RMNT- Required Minimum Notification Time

TVST – Trajectory Valid Start Time

TVET- Trajectory Valid End Time

Optional values provided by the Flight

Operator

Trajectory Option Set

Flight ID


• Flight operators submit TOSs

• Or file simple flight plan – only 1 option

• CTOP runs

• Flight operators are awarded least cost route option from TOS or

accept ground delay

• Flight operators file flight plans based on CTOP route or delay

assignment

• FCAs contained in CTOP can be dialed up and down as needed

29


30

• CTOP will introduce a completely new facet to flight planning

• TOS submissions

• Much more dynamic system

• Importance of participation

• Can mean the difference between departing or sitting on the ground

• How can operators participate?

• Some flight plan service providers are working on customer-facing

interfaces to allow for CTOP participation

• Business aviation operators should check with their providers to

determine options



• EDCT Lookup Page • http://www.fly.faa.gov/edct/

FAA Resource

31


• Most restrictive TMI:

• Used when an Immediate reduction in demand is required

• Sudden weather change

• Equipment outage

• Incident

• Normally short-term (one to two hours)

• Often transitioned into GDPs

• Traffic held on ground at point of departure

• Airport-specific

Ground Stops

32

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Ground Stops

33



FAA Resource

34


• Most restrictive TMI:

• Used when an Immediate reduction in demand is required

• Sudden weather change

• Equipment outage

• Incident

• Normally short-term (one to two hours)

• Often transitioned into GDPs

• Traffic held on ground at point of departure

• Airport-specific

Ground Stops

35


• Advisories Database • http://www.fly.faa.gov/adv/advAdvisoryForm.jsp

FAA Resource

36


• Slot-based program

• Control IFR arrivals / departures

• Used for sporting events, conferences, etc

• Usually published weeks in advance

• Reservations up to 72 hours in advance

• Slots generally good +/- 15 minutes

• Some require confirmation

• Two places to find information:

• e-STMP web page

• NTAP on the web

Special Traffic Management Programs (STMPs)

37


• e-STMP • http://www.fly.faa.gov/estmp/

• This is where you

can make reservations

for STMP programs

FAA Resource

38

• NTAP (Notices to Airmen

Publication) • http://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/

publications/notices/

• This is where you can find

details on STMPs

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) FAA Resource

39

• NTAP (Notices to Airmen

Publication)

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) FAA Resource

40


• En route TMIs are composed of:

• Miles-in-Trail (MIT)

• Minutes-in-Trail (MINIT)

• Traffic Management Advisor (TMA)

• Reroutes / Other route tools

• Generally not airport-specific

• TMA is the exception

Additional En route TMIs

41


• An older technique

• Can affect both departures and arrivals

• Room for deviations

• Used in lieu of a ground stop

• Reflected on Current Restrictions page

Miles-in-Trail (MIT) / Minutes-in-Trail (MINIT)

42

• TMA seeks to schedule aircraft to the active runway threshold, with the

least amount of delay

• Affects aircraft from adjacent centers

• Dynamically integrates ―overhead stream‖ (flights from other centers) with

internal departures to create a precise flow

• TMA delays are not reflected on the OIS or on any other web-accessible

resource

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) TMA – Traffic Management Advisor


• Reroutes are issued both by FAA Advisory and tactically by ATC

• Types of Reroutes:

• Preferred Routes

• Coded Departure Routes (CDRs)—in the Route Management Tool (RMT)

• Preferred Routes and CDRs are available at

http://www.fly.faa.gov/rmt/coded_departure_routes.jsp

• Playbook Routes

Reroutes

44


• Current Reroutes

• http://www.fly.faa.gov/ratreader/

• Types of reroutes

• RQD

• RMD

• FYI

FAA Resource

45

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) How to Read a Reroute in an Advisory

46


• National Playbook Routes

• http://www.fly.faa.gov/PLAYBOOK/pbindex.html

• Types of Playbook routes

• Airport-specific routes

• Airway Closure routes

• East/West Transcon routes

• Regional routes

FAA Resource

47

• Origin:

• EWR LGA JFK TEB HPN

• Route:

• DIXIE V1 LEEAH V229

PXT V157 TAPPA V286

BRV BARIN1 IAD

• Altitude:

• 6000 FEET

IAD

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) SERMN South Routes to IAD

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) How to Read a Reroute from the Playbook

49

• One of the most common reroutes that impacts business aviation is the

AZEZU set of routes

• These are designed to handle traffic between the northeast and Florida

• Particularly used when there is a weather constraint onshore and ATC is

trying to move as much traffic as possible offshore

• It can be used either north to south or south to north

• The routes are only available at FL310 or higher

• Before accepting the routes, operators must ensure that their aircraft is

equipped to operate over-water

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) AZEZU Routes

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) AZEZU Routes

• CDRs are identified by a unique eight-letter identifier, such as

"TEBAPFAZ"

• TEB is the departure airport

• APF is the arrival airport

• AZ is a note that tells the local facility that this route uses the AZEZU deep

water route

• The alternate is having the controller read off the following full route

clearance while you write it down:

• KTEB DIXIE V276 PREPI OWENZ LINND AZEZU L453 PAEPR M201

BAHAA AR21 CRANS LLNCH KAPF

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Coded Departure Routes

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Web Resource - www.fly.faa.gov

53

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Be Smart in Filing Your Flight Plan

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• Plan ahead – the day before, if possible

• Determine if you will be operating in or near any trouble spots

• Are you going near airspace/airports at high risk for delays?

• Check CCFP and Extended Convective Forecast Product for weather issues

• Use the FAA online resources

• Check OIS web page

• Review current Advisories

• Review latest Operations Plan

• Check Current Reroutes page

• File well ahead of time and accurately

• Up to 24 hours prior

• Use Flight Plan Service Providers

• File for a realistic time

• Remember that ―Late Filers‖ are penalized

• File before the program is issued

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) Be Smart in Filing Your Flight Plan


• Contact Information:

• Jim McClay – [email protected]

• John Kosak – [email protected]

• For more information about TFM:

• www.nbaa.org/ops/airspace/tfm

• For more information about NBAA Air Traffic Services:

• www.nbaa.org/ats

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Questions?

57


• Current Restrictions

• http://www.fly.faa.gov/current_restrictions/jsp/index.jsp

FAA Resource

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