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REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and...

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REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The Coca-Cola Company November 4, 2009
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Page 1: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM

 Brian R. HenrySenior CounselVenturing and Emerging Brands andNorth America Competition CounselThe Coca-Cola Company

November 4, 2009

Page 2: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Companies Must Be Vigilant To Protect Against Cartels

• DOJ Antitrust Division has recovered over $4B in criminal fines over the past 11 years.

• Price-fixing among commercial product and service suppliers continues as enforcement records are set.   

• In FY 2007:  defendants prosecuted sentenced to 31,391 jail days;  highest 

total imposed in any given year fines obtained by the Division were more than $630M, second 

highest in Division history Division had 50 pending grand jury investigations  of suspected 

international cartel activity.   

Page 3: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Deputize Company Procurement Employees as Frontline Cartel Scouts

• Eyes and ears of the company with respect to supplier conduct;  instrumental in early detection.

• Potential visibility into cartels as they are forming or while they operate.   Whistleblowers, amnesty applicants, and agency investigations are after the fact.

• Better to stop a cartel in its tracks rather than having to file litigation years after substantial harm has been incurred by the company. 

• Cannot do it alone.  Legal Department must be integrally involved.  

Page 4: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Procurement Department Must be Trained in the Art of Cartels

• Need to know what to look for and need to understand the lengths cartel members will go to keep cartels secret.  Publicly available details of actual operations as released by the DOJ can significantly aid in this process. 

• Need to be informed about current cartel cases as to enable (a) assessments of possible impact on company, and (b) understanding regarding the variety of industries involved in cartel activity. 

Page 5: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Training in the Art of Cartels (continued)

• Legal Department training program to teach employees about key red flags.  

• Bring in law firms and economists who can provide insights from first hand experience prosecuting and defending cartels.  

Page 6: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Training Agenda

• Industry Characteristics• Product Characteristics• Market Factors• Pricing Activity• Bidding Activity• Suppliers Use of Suspicious Language• Recent History of Cartel Enforcement

Page 7: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Prepare Company / Industry “Watch List”

• Master list of major company purchases and suppliers.

• Analyze and apply historical and economic factors. 

• Classify as HighHigh, MediumMedium or LowLow risk.  Focus on HighHigh and MediumMedium Risk products.

Page 8: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Create An Early Alert System

• Procurement  must be alert to and track suspicious activityStructural changes in industryApparent information exchanges among competitorsOdd price increases or bidding behaviorTrade press reports suggesting coordination

• Should be trained to get Legal Counsel involved earlyDepending on seriousness may want to retain economist

Page 9: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Create An Early Alert System (continued)

• Next steps greatly dependant on facts,  but . . . Save, Save, Save (all relevant materials and notes)Document, Document, Document (all conversations and events)

Ask for written confirmations of concerning responses or certifications of lack of collusion (to preserve fraudulent concealment arguments)

Ask questions when bids do not make senseAct normally and do not discuss concerns with suppliersAvoid accusing of collusion (may not be correct or it may give them opportunity to cover up)

Consider contacting supplier legal counsel 

Page 10: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Implement Measures To Prevent Future Collusion

• Confirmatory statements from suppliers that they will adhere to the antitrust laws and the purchaser’s specific code of conduct.  

• Certifications that bids are competitive and not the product of collusion.

• Sealed bidding and keep identity of bidders secret.

• Limit amount of information shared with suppliers regarding other suppliers’ dealings and bids.

Page 11: REDUCING A COMPANY’S RISK OF BEING A CARTEL VICTIM Brian R. Henry Senior Counsel Venturing and Emerging Brands and North America Competition Counsel The.

Implement Measures To Prevent Future Collusion (continued)

• Increase number of bidders to as many as practicably possible.

• Require disclosure of possible subcontractors and their pricing.

• If bids are identical award contract to only one bidder or reissue the RFP (deters sharing of award).

• Record and save details information of information provided to all suppliers.  


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