1 Reducing Contamination in Picking and Handling By S.Shabbir Raza Pakistan Cotton Standards Institute Ministry of Textile Industry Government of Pakistan 1 BRIEF HISTORY Pakistan cotton being inherently of good quality the country was not realizing its intrinsic value from the international market (raw cotton and its made-ups) and the maximum quality of Pak cotton was quoted in the Export Type Afzal due to: § Absence of any recognized cotton classing and grading system § Absence of Pricing system based on quality. § Improper picking procedures, handling, storage transportation and ginning practices. § High degree of contamination in Pak Cotton. 1 ESTABLISHMENT OF PCSI Government of Pakistan being cognizant of the issue established Pakistan Cotton Standards Institute (PCSI) thorough the promulgation of Cotton Standardization Ordinance, 1994 with the following objectives. § Establishing and promoting cotton standardization program based upon internationally accepted grading and classification system. § Setting up grades and standards of seed cotton and lint. § Provide Training to the personnel's from public and private sector in the skills of cotton classing and grading. 2 CONTAMINATION IN COTTON Contamination in raw cotton is the most serious problem affecting the Cotton Spinning Industry. Ø Credibility Loss According to ITMF contamination survey report Pak. cotton was placed under most contaminated description The country is loosing about 400 to 500 million US$ per annum due to contamination in raw cotton & its made ups. (Source APTMA) Ø Index and value difference Due to contamination and non-implementation of Cotton Standardization System the entire Pak Cotton is quoted at Index B. Value difference between both the Indices is about 6 to 7 Cents/lbs. 3 TYPES OF CONTAMINATION § ORGANIC Leaf particles, shells, sticks, stems, seed & seed coat fragments, barks, hulls, yellow spots, dead/ immature fibers, discoloration, poultry feather, animal/ human hairs etc. § IN-ORGANIC Fabric/ strings/ pieces of jute, hessian , polypropylene, polythene, colored cloth, packets of cigarettes, and wrappers, pieces of bricks, plastic film, pieces of glass, sand, rust, dirt and dust, metal/wire etc. 4
Transcript
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Reducing Contamination in Picking and Handling
By
S.Shabbir Raza
Pakistan Cotton Standards Institute Ministry of Textile Industry
Government of Pakistan
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BRIEF HISTORY Pakistan cotton being inherently of good quality the country was not realizing its intrinsic value from the international market (raw cotton and its made-ups) and the maximum quality of Pak cotton was quoted in the Export Type Afzal due to:
§ Absence of any recognized cotton classing and grading system
§ Absence of Pricing system based on quality.
§ Improper picking procedures, handling, storage transportation and ginning practices.
§ High degree of contamination in Pak Cotton.
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ESTABLISHMENT OF PCSI Government of Pakistan being cognizant of the issue established Pakistan Cotton Standards Institute (PCSI) thorough the promulgation of Cotton Standardization Ordinance, 1994 with the following objectives.
§ Establishing and promoting cotton standardization program based upon internationally accepted grading and classification system.
§ Setting up grades and standards of seed cotton and lint.
§ Provide Training to the personnel's from public and private sector in the skills of cotton classing and grading.
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CONTAMINATION IN COTTON Contamination in raw cotton is the most serious problem
affecting the Cotton Spinning Industry.
Ø Credibility Loss According to ITMF contamination survey report Pak. cotton was
placed under most contaminated description The country is loosing about 400 to 500 million US$ per annum due to contamination in raw cotton & its made ups.
(Source APTMA) Ø Index and value difference Due to contamination and non-implementation of Cotton
Standardization System the entire Pak Cotton is quoted at Index B. Value difference between both the Indices is about 6 to 7 Cents/lbs. 3
coat fragments, barks, hulls, yellow spots, dead/ immature fibers, discoloration, poultry feather, animal/ human hairs etc.
§ IN-ORGANIC Fabric/ strings/ pieces of jute, hessian ,
polypropylene, polythene, colored cloth, packets of cigarettes, and wrappers, pieces of bricks, plastic film, pieces of glass, sand, rust, dirt and dust, metal/wire etc.
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ECONOMIC LOSSES AT DIFFERENT STAGES
• Raw Cotton = 308 million $
• Yarn = 252 million $
• Fabrics = 215 million $
• Hosiery = 255 million $ • Garments/ Made ups = 392 million $
Contamination Free Cotton campaign was launched at District Rahim Yar Khan (Punjab) in the year 2001-02 and three consecutive national clean cotton campaigns were launched in the districts of Sindh and Punjab in the years 2005-06, 2006-07 and 2007-08 with the objective to produce High Quality Contamination Free Clean Cotton.
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ACHIEVEMENTS REGARDING PRODUCTION OF CONTAMINATION FREE COTTON
Subsequent upon the implementation of PCSI Work Plan in collaboration with Provincial Agriculture Departments, the following achievements were realized:
§ The Contamination level in Pakistan Cotton in the district of Rahimyar Khan was brought down to 4.0 to 5.0 gms /bale from 19.0 gms/bale. (Source APTMA).
§ The ITMF in its 2001 issue has Ranked Pakistan at 25th position. Where as in 1999 it had Ranked Pakistan Number 2 at the most contaminated description. (Source ITMF 2001)
§ In the selected Ginning Factories where Trading Corporation of Pakistan entered into purchase contract and ensured premium the range of contamination level was assessed between 0.74 to 1.97 gms/bale.
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PCSI WORK PLAN FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY CLEAN COTTON
PCSI devised a work plan for the production of high quality clean cotton in the districts of Sindh and Punjab. The Work plan comprises of :
n Administrative Arrangements.
n Operational Arrangements.
n Marketing Arrangements.
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ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENT
¤ Progressive ginning factories fulfilling the PCSI prescribed criteria in consultation with Provincial Agriculture Department shall be selected in the proposed project area .
¤ The selected ginning factories shall register the progressive growers of the area and enter into an agreement for the supply of clean seed cotton.
¤ The registered growers as per agreement shall be bound to adopt PCSI prescribed procedure for picking, handling and transportation of seed cotton to the selected ginning factories of the project areas.
¤ The ginning factories may purchase the seed cotton from the registered growers.
¤ The participating growers, ginners shall enter into an agreement with the buyers of cotton for the payment of agreed premium on high quality clean cotton over and above the prevailing market price of the area.
¤ Factory management shall make all suitable arrangements and extend full cooperation and assistance to the PCSI Classers for the implementation of Cotton Standardization System for production of Standardized High Quality Clean Cotton.
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OPERATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS ¨ PCSI shall assign a Cotton Classer to each selected ginning factory in the project
area to supervise the implementation of PCSI prescribed procedure for the production of High Quality Clean Cotton.
¨ PCSI Classer shall conduct Seed Cotton Grading, Lint Cotton Classification, and determination of contamination levels and issue quality certificate to assist the Growers and Ginners in determining the commercial value of their cotton.
¨ Arrival of seed cotton shall be graded bora by bora / trolley by trolley by PCSI Classer.
¨ Each selected ginning factory in the project area shall hire at-least one trained cotton selector to assist PCSI Classer.
¨ PCSI cotton fibre testing laboratory (advisory cell) shall arrange on farm demonstration on the farms of progressive farmers on proper picking, handling and storing procedures for the growers of the area.
¨ PCSI cotton fibre testing laboratory (advisory cell) shall arrange on factory demonstration on better ginning practices in the selected ginning factories for the ginners of the area.
¨ The ginner in the project areas shall use all available methods for pre-cleaning and post cleaning to produce High Quality Clean Cotton.
¨ Each selected ginning factory in the project areas should maintain the Party wise records for Seed Cotton arrival, grading, contamination level, pressing and classification of each lot produced.
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MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS
¨ The buyers should purchase cotton on the basis of quality i.e. grade, staple length and other fibre properties and ensure payment of premium.
¨ The ginner shall have the option to sell the lint cotton in the local market, exporters and public sector.
¨ The selected ginning factory shall ensure the payment of premium to the Grower for supply of High Quality Clean Seed Cotton and Phutti Supplier over and above the prevailing market price in the area.
¨ The buyer and seller of lint cotton shall enter into an agreement for the production and purchase of High Quality Clean Cotton.
¨ The buyer shall sign a purchase contract with the seller for the purchase of High Quality Clean Cotton.
¨ The buyer shall pay agreed premium for High Quality Clean Cotton over and above the prevailing market price of the area.
¨ The buyer should purchase cotton on the basis of quality i.e., Grade, Staple Length and contamination level subject to premium and discount.
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The quality control arrangements made. ¨ Cotton Standardization Ordinance, 2002 promulgated.
¨ National Cotton Standards / Grades developed. ¨ Technical capabilities for the implementation of cotton standardization system arranged ¨ Cotton Standardization Rules 2007 Gazette Notified. ¨ To control the contamination in cotton.
¤ a. The Provincial Cotton Control Act 1966 Punjab and Sindh had been amended and the use of Jute, Polypropylene and any cloth made of any fiber other then cotton for picking, packing, storage and transportation of Cotton has been banned.
¤ b. Necessary amendments have also been made in the Cotton Control Act 1966 for the mandatory marking of the grade and staple length on each bale by the ginners.
¨ Karachi Cotton Association (KCA )switched over from its traditional variety wise marketing system to quality based marketing system on the basis of PCSI Grades subject to premium /discount.
¨ Established ten Cotton Fiber Testing Laboratories at Karachi, Mirpur Khas, Sangha (Sindh) Rahimyar Khan, Bahawalpur, Vehari, Multan, Sahiwal, D.G. Khan, Faisalabad (Punjab) equipped with state of the art High Volume Instruments Uster Classing 1000 and Shirley Analyzer Machine MK-2, UK. .
¨ Education/Awareness Campaigns are being launched regularly. ¨ Provided training to 2420 Cotton Selectors from Public & Private Sector in the skills of
cotton classing and grading.
¨ Trained 203 Female Cotton Pickers’ Master Trainers on proper picking procedures in Sindh and Punjab.
