Reducing Emissions with Natural Gas and Carbon Capture and Storage
20 November 2014
Follow us on #gasweek14
LA
RG
E S
CA
LE
CC
S P
RO
JEC
TS
1 LACQ, France
2
SLEIPNER, Norway 3
PETERHEAD, UK 4
NORTH KILLINGHOLME, UK 5
CAPTAIN CLEAN, UK
6
DON VALLEY, UK
7 ROTTERDAM, The Netherlands
8 SNØHVIT, Norway
9 WHITE ROSE, UK
GAS WEEK 2014
“REDUCING EMISSIONS WITH NATURAL GAS AND CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE”
Dominique Copin Total,
Natural Gas and CCS,
Feedback from the Lacq CCS industrial pilot,
20 November 2014
SWITCH FROM COAL TO GAS: A SIGNIFICANT GHG
EMISSION REDUCTION POTENTIAL WORLDWIDE
Gas Naturally Workshop 20 november 2014 4
0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
2011AverageChina
2011Average
India
2011Average
World
Moderncoal
powerplant
CCGT
g /kW
h
Worldwide Emissions from coal and gas power
generators
0
10
20
0% 20% 50% 100%
CO
2 e
mis
sio
ns
fro
m p
ow
er
gen
era
tio
n (
Gt/
ye
ar)
Share of coal switched to gas
Coal Gas from switch Gas Oil
Gas power plants emit much less CO2
than Coal power plants
Switch from Coal to Gas to
produce power has the
potential to significantly reduce
GHG emissions
Source IEA CO2 emission from fuel combustion 2013
CO2 QUANTITIES TO BE STORED
Gas Naturally Workshop 20 november 2014 5
0 50 100 150 200
Others
Europe
Americas OECD
India
China
Cumulative CO2 quantities to be stored (Gt)
till 2050 from 2050 to 2100
Source:
IEA (till 2050)
extrapolated
by Total (after 2050)
Will capacities be everywhere
as large as needed?
Each kWh of power produced
from gas will require fewer
storage capacities than
from coal.
6
6 Lacq deep gas reservoir
Oxygen
Production
Unit
Lacq gas production
1
Natural gas inlet
2
Lacq gas treatment plant
3
Commercial gas
4
Utilities Boiler oxycombustion
5
CO2
6
CO2 Transportation
7
Compression
8
CO2 injection
9
CO2 storage
10
4000 m
4500 m Natural gas
Steam
Purification / CO2 dehydration
Compression
Rousse reservoir
Industrial scale: 30MWth oxycombustion
CO2 injection CO2 transport CO2 capture Natural Gas production
A COMPLETE INDUSTRIAL CHAIN
Gas Naturally Workshop 20 november 2014
Lacq site
PLANT OVERVIEW
ASU
Stack
Flue Gas
Recycle
Air
Compressor
L/G separator(s)
Direct Contact Cooler
Dryers
Compressor
27 km long Pipe Well
Head
Depleted
Gas Reservoir
Rousse
Site
Lacq Site
Commercial
Gas
Oxygen
HP Steam
to Plant network
30MWth
OxyBoiler
Range CO2 90 – 93 %vol
O2 5 – 7 %vol
N2 1 – 3 %vol
Ar 1 %vol
NOx <0,1 % vol
H2O, CO < 10 ppm vol
7 Gas Naturally Workshop 20 November 2014
Rousse compressor
P inlet: 27 bar P outlet: 51 bar
Rousse storage
Depleted gas reservoir
@ 4500m/GL
RSE-1 injection well head
TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OVERVIEW
Capture
Range CO2 90 – 93 %vol
O2 5 – 7 %vol
N2 1 – 3 %vol
Ar 1 %vol
NOx <0,1 % vol
H2O, CO < 10 ppm vol 8
Gas Naturally Workshop 20 November 2014
9
CCS PILOT, LACQ, FRANCE Permitting and public acceptance
Permit obtained in May 2009 for capture,
transportation and storage A « Regulatory » pilot, 1st in Europe
Public dialogue – transparency policy Identification of Stakeholders (NGOs, mayors…)
Early public meetings in 2007 (3 public meetings)
Follow up information committees (13 meetings)
Information letter every quarter (21 letters)
Dedicated Hot line
Scientific Advisory Committee since 2007
Scientific collaboration program with National
Institutes and Universities on Rousse storage
Project endorsed by the Carbon Sequestration
Leadership Forum (CSLF)
A scientific book on lessons learned from Lacq CCS
pilot will be edited early 2015 and available on
Global Carbon Capture and Storage Institute
(GCCSI) website.
Gas Naturally Workshop 20 november 2014
PERSPECTIVES
10
● Switch from Coal to Gas is a significant driver to
reduce GHG emissions.
● This switch will result in fewer constraints for CCS
development due to CO2 potential storage capacity
limits or costs.
● Gas CCS demonstrators and R&D are needed.
● CO2 Storage Capacity estimations are key to the
assessment of the development potential of CCS.
Gas Naturally Workshop 20 november 2014
Reducing Emissions with Natural Gas and Carbon Capture and Storage
20 November 2014
Follow us on #gasweek14
Gas Week 2014
“Reducing emissions with natural gas and Carbon Capture and Storage”
Lamberto Eldering Statoil
The Sleipner CCS project
20 November 2014
Outline – Key questions
• What have we learned about CCS operations and long-term CO2 storage at
Sleipner?
18 years of successful CO2 storage site operations
2014-11-12 13 Classification: Internal
• Sleipner gas fields
• Amine capture
from natural gas
• 0.9 Mtpa stored
• 15Mt stored by end 2014
• Injection started in Sept. 1996
• CO2 is injected in the Utsira Fm at ~ 900 m
depth (above the condensate reservoir)
• Operated by Statoil with licence partners
ExxonMobil and Total
• Since April 2014 CO2 from Gudrun field gas
(north of Sleipner) is also injected
9% CO2 in
the gas from
Sleipner Vest
15 Mt CO2
injected since
1996
Sleipner overview
2014-11-12 14 Classification: Internal
Main achievements
• 18 years of successful CO2 storage site
operations
• Used globally as a role model for CCS
• Significant contribution to Norway’s emissions
reductions
• Important learnings for science and
technology of CO2 capture, transport and
storage
• Used to pioneer and demonstrate a range of
monitoring technologies:
− Time-lapse seismic
− Gravity monitoring
− Seabed mapping
2014-11-12 15 Classification: Internal
Main challenges and barriers
• Project permitted under Norwegian Petroleum law
• During the project other conventions came into play
− OSPAR
− EU CCS Directive
• External interest leads to additional expectations on
the operator – data sharing and technical clarifications
• Geophysical monitoring data has led to significant
improvements in understanding CO2 flow behaviour
and storage capacity
• Gained experience on how much monitoring data is
needed for CO2 storage sites in general
2014-11-12 16 Classification: Internal
EU CCS Directive
• Implementation of the Directive in Norway may
impose additional requirements beyond todays
practise.
− Possible technical implications
• Increased requirements on future
monitoring plan
− Liabilities
• Long term liabilities after injection stop
• Financial security for leakage risk
2014-11-12 17 Classification: Internal
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Ac
cu
mu
late
d C
O2 [M
t]
Year
Gravity surveys
Seismic surveys
Seafloor mapping
CSEM survey
Injection and monitoring history
2014-11-12 18 Classification: Internal
Seismic time-lapse monitoring shows that CO2 stays in place in the Utsira
Fm at Sleipner and gives a detailed description of where the CO2 is
CO2 plume - 4D seismic
Furre & Eiken, 2012
2001-1994 2004-1994 2006-1994 2008-1994 2010-1994
High
Low
2014-11-12 19 Classification: Internal
Main lessons learned
• Geophysical monitoring has proven essential for site management
Safe CO2 storage confirmed
• Monitoring of pressures is as important as saturation:
Down-hole gauges are highly desirable
• Practical learnings about capacity and injectivity from well
operations experience
• Monitoring the overburden is as important as the reservoir:
External interest may require analysis of regional and near-
surface datasets
• Time-lapse seismic imaging of CO2 plume development gives
much improved understanding of flow processes
Builds confidence in model forecasts
• Well defined governmental framework and regulations have
contributed to the stable and predictable operation
2014-11-12 20 Classification: Internal
Test Center Mongstad (TCM)
• Capture technologies ready for implementation
• Measure technologies developed at TCM bridged
knowledge- gap on amine emissions
• Unique centre available for further testing
2014-11-12 21 Classification: Internal
Presented by Lamberto Eldering, Statoil ASA
Special thanks to the Sleipner Production
License
www.statoil.com
Thank you for your attention!
2014-11-12 22 Classification: Internal
Reducing Emissions with Natural Gas and Carbon Capture and Storage
20 November 2014
Follow us on #gasweek14
Reducing Emissions with Natural Gas and Carbon Capture and Storage
20 November 2014
Follow us on #gasweek14