19
Prepared by:
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 1/19
Prepared by:
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 2/19
Reducing level is the process of leveling thearea of the site to the required level as statedin the layout plan of project.
Generally, there are 3 method of reducinglevel include such as cut method, fill methodand cut and fill method.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 3/19
Reducinglevel
Cut Fill Cut & Fill
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 4/19
To identify the method of reducing level. To identify the procedure of reducing level.
To identify the machineries that suitable for
the method. To define the advantage and disadvantage of
the method that use on the chosen site.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 5/19
The project is to upgrade the flood resistancesystem in UiTM Shah Alam.
By using method of Cut and Fill in the process of reducing level.
There is three methods to calculate cut and fillvolume, that is cross sectional area and gridmethod.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 6/19
Formula: Area of cut or fill
A1= bd1 + sd21
Volume of cut or fillV= [(A1 + A2 )/2 ] x length
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 7/19
The ground is20x20 and
proposed RL 47.0
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 8/19
Cut
GP Height Modfac
Weight
Fill
GP Height Modfac
Weight
Formula: volume of fillingV= total cutting weight (20x20) / 6
Volume of cut or fillV= total filling weight (20x20) / 6
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 9/19
Project title : CADANGAN MEREKABENTUK, MENBINA DAN
MENYIAPKAN KERJA-KERJANAIKTARAF SISTEM TEBATAN BANJIR SERTA KERJAKERJA BERKAITAN DIKAITAN DI UiTM SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR D.E.
No. of contract : UiTM/PER/T/166/09Client : UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, 40450, SHAH ALAM,
SELANGOR D.E.
Contractor : JAROM BUILDER SDN. BHD (615594 D), NO.1C, LOT 2112, JALAN HAJI IDRIS,42600 JENJAROM, KUALA LANGAT, SELANGOR D.E.
Consultant : JURUTERA PERUNDING AYY, 616 LEVEL 6, BLOCK AKELANA CENTRE POINT,NO.3, JALAN SS/19, KELANA JAYA, 47301, PETALING JAYA,SELANGOR D.E.
Surveyor : HALIM ASSOCIATES, 328B & C, MELAWATI SQUARE,
JALAN BANDAR ,MELAWATI, TAMAN MELAWATI, 53100 KUALA LUMPUR.
Date site entering : 27 JULY 2010.Date work done : 07 MAC 2011.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 10/19
UiTM Backgate
Section7
Site
Location
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 11/19
I. Method of reducing levelII. The procedure for cut and fill
III. Machinery that used in construction
IV. Problems occurring on the site.V. Advantages and disadvantages of using
those machines.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 12/19
The construction is using cut and fill method.The ways are open cut and sheet pile.
Open cut usually used for reducing level atslope and high strength soil.
Sheet pile is used for lower strength soil.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 13/19
After installedsheet pile,excavator is usedto excavate the
whole area.
At 2 meter the
excavation stagewill stop to checkwhether the areand depth arecorrect.
the area anddepth of the
excavationbeendetermined.
The sheet pile
installed atexcavationcircumferences
After that,excavationstage isstarted.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 14/19
After the processsurveying finished,the excavationprocess iscontinued until itreach the 3 meterdepth.
At the level 3 meter,the cut stage is stop.After that the base of excavation area is
installed castingslab.
The sewerspipe is putand thestage of backfill isstarted.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 15/19
Excavator Mobile crane
Truck
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 16/19
The type of the soil is clay, so when raining, the
ground will turn into a mud. Wheeled type vehicle and will not able to move on
the soft and muddy ground condition.
Limited movement will be the cause of delay.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 17/19
Advantageso easily move
around the siteo Capable to do
the requiredwork.
o Time efficiento the crawler
tracker is veryuseful in the sitearea that is fullof mud.
Disadvantageso Large machines has
limited access in thesite.
o crawler tracker it iseasier to travel in thesite but it is difficult to
travel on road.
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 18/19
Proposed cut and fill areas shall carefully planned.
Volume of excavation increases significantly as the depth of the cut increases, and therefore usually tries to avoidexcessive cut depths
Volume of excavation increases significantly as the depth of the cut increases, and therefore usually tries to avoidexcessive cut depths
8/3/2019 Reducing Level
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/reducing-level 19/19
Cut and Fill method is the common type been used forreducing level in a site.
A detailed engineering soils analysis of a proposed cut and fillcross section is a crucial part of the reducing level design
process.
The results of the soils analysis are used to develop thedesign details of cut and fill sections such as depth and slopeof the cut or fill.
