Edward Saltzberg Executive Director Security & Sustainability Forum Download slides (“Handouts”) from GoTo webinar window. Take the exit survey! Reducing the Impacts of Extreme Heat: A Global Perspective Dr. Arunima Malik Lecturer at ISA, School of Physics & Sydney Business School Dr. Shubhayu Saha Health Scientist Climate and Health program, CDC August 27 th , 2020 Webinar Registration: 1150 Dr. Ollie Jay Associate Professor & Director Thermal Ergonomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health at The University of Sydney Dr. Jennifer Vanos Assistant Professor School of Sustainability, ASU
Transcript
Edward Saltzberg
Executive Director
Security & Sustainability
Forum
Download slides (“Handouts”) from GoTo webinar window. Take the exit survey!
Reducing the Impacts of Extreme Heat: A Global Perspective
Malik, A, Bongers, C., McBain, B., Rey-Lescure, O., de Dear, R., Jay, O., Lenzen, M., 2020,
Fans as a possible solution for reducing AC use (under preparation)
II - Energy and emission considerations of using air conditioners
The University of Sydney Page 33
Malik, A, Bongers, C., McBain, B., Rey-Lescure, O., de Dear, R., Jay, O., Lenzen, M., 2020,
Fans as a possible solution for reducing AC use (under preparation)
II - Energy and emission considerations of using air conditioners
AC only
The University of Sydney Page 34
Malik, A, Bongers, C., McBain, B., Rey-Lescure, O., de Dear, R., Jay, O., Lenzen, M., 2020,
Fans as a possible solution for reducing AC use (under preparation)
II - Energy and emission considerations of using air conditioners
AC with fan
The University of Sydney Page 35
Malik, A, Bongers, C., McBain, B., Rey-Lescure, O., de Dear, R., Jay, O., Lenzen, M., 2020,
Fans as a possible solution for reducing AC use (under preparation)
II - Energy and emission considerations of using air conditioners
AC with fan
The University of Sydney Page 36
III – Growing demands on our health systems: hidden impacts
Upstream
Health care sector
What is the environmental footprint of health care, from a supply-chain perspective?
Lenzen, M., Malik, A., Li, M., Fry, J., Weisz, H., Pichler, P.-P., Chaves, L. S. M., Capon, A. and
Pencheon, D. (2020), "The environmental footprint of health care: a global assessment", The Lancet
Planetary Health, Vol. 4 No. 7, pp. e271-e279.
The University of Sydney Page 37USA (U), Japan (J), the UK (G), Brazil (B), China (C) and India (I)
III – Growing demands on our health systems: hidden impacts
The University of Sydney Page 38
III – Growing demands on our health systems: hidden impacts
The University of Sydney Page 39
III – Growing demands on our health systems: hidden impacts
National Center for Environmental Health
Economic perspectives on health impacts
from extreme heat exposure
Shubhayu Saha
Climate Science team
Asthma and Community Health
Division of Environmental Science and Practice
National Center for Environmental Health
Objectives
➢Highlight the importance of economic valuation of the health
impacts from extreme heat
➢Provide a framework to estimate a broad range of direct health
costs associated with heat exposure
National Center for Environmental Health
Economic loss from natural disasters
– missing health dimension
Source: Munich RE
National Center for Environmental Health
The need for economic valuation
➢Economic estimates provide a different metric to demonstrate the
health burden associated with extreme heat
➢Economic estimates can distinguish between healthcare costs
related to extreme heat that are relevant to individuals, agencies,
healthcare system or society at large
➢Estimates of health burden also pave the way to assess cost-
effectiveness of potential strategies aimed at reducing the burden of
heat related morbidity and mortality
National Center for Environmental Health
Extreme heat Direct impacts
Vector-borne disease
Maternal and child health
Mental health
Worker productivityNutrition
Range of heat health impacts
National Center for Environmental Health
Climate Change in the United States: Benefits of Global Action; Environmental Protection Agency, 2015
Economic impact of high temperature on labor productivity in the US
National Center for Environmental Health
Healthcare costs associated with exposure to high temperature
➢Estimate the public health burden associated with extreme heat
o Case definitions – specific disease codes, all records
National Center for Environmental Health
Healthcare costs associated with exposure to high temperature
➢Estimate the health economic costs associated with adverse outcomes
Death Hospital admission Emergency care Productivity loss
National Center for Environmental Health
Valuation of deaths associated with extreme heat
Value of statistical life year (VSL) (Mortality risk reduction):
(Robinson et al., 2019)
If the individual Willingness-To-Pay is $300 for a risk reduction of 1 in 10,000, then VSL is $3 million ($300 divided by 1 in 10,000)
Estimates of VSL can depend on
o Specific health outcomeo Income status of an individualo Age of an individual
National Center for Environmental Health
Valuation of illness associated with extreme heat
Direct costs
o Financial costs for seeking medical care in hospitals, emergency care, urgent care centers,
physician visits (from a patient perspective)
o Financial costs involved in providing medical services (from a facility perspective)
Indirect costs
o Reduced productivity due to long term illness (from a patient perspective)
o Opportunity costs for providing care – missed work, school (from a care-giving perspective)
National Center for Environmental Health
Estimates of healthcare costs associated with heat exposure
National Center for Environmental Health
Health cost estimates by different outcomes related to heat exposure
Moderate-Extreme heat
HI_max > 70th %ileEconomic value per year
(million $, 2016)
Health Outcome Age GroupTotal Attributed Cases
[95% eCI]
Mortality
(1998-2014)65+
2,016
[863, 3,193]
1167
[478 , 1839]
Emergency department
visits
(2005-2014)
0-1923,478
[8751, 37,860]
1.4
[1.15, 1.65]
20-6412,733
[-5,415, 31,057]-
65+1,943
[-3,075, 6,827]-
Hospital admission
(2005-2014)
0-191,089
[194, 1,929]
1.51
[1.11, 1.94]
20-644,026
[-3,036, 10,829]-
65+5,091
[-802, 10,993]-
Total1171.47
[614.26, 1749.07]
National Center for Environmental Health
National Center for Environmental Health
Country
Built environment
City
Community
Individual
Actions to reduce the health risk from extreme heat
More agencies
Longer time scales
For more information, contact NCEH/ATSDR1-800-CDC-INFO (232-4636)TTY: 1-888-232-6348 www.atsdr.cdc.gov www.cdc.govFollow us on Twitter @CDCEnvironment
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
