READING, RESEARCH, AND REFERENCEWriting Styles, Genres, Parts of a Book, Styles of Type

REVIEW Reference Materials & Resources

Almanac Atlas Brochure/Pamphlet Dictionary Directory Encyclopedia Experts Internet Magazine Museum

artifacts Newspaper Thesaurus

TYPES OF WRITING Narrative

Tells a story Fictional or Nonfictional Usually contains dialogue Can teach a moral or lesson Past, present, or future tense Examples

Adventure stories Mysteries Historical fiction Science fiction Horror stories Tall tales Realistic stories

TYPES OF WRITING Informational

Gives facts and information about real things Often organized using headings and

subheadings These make it easy to scan or skim for the exact

information you are looking for

USING THE RESOURCES Table of Contents Index Glossary Special Type Headings/subheadings Captions Footnotes Taking Notes

USING THE RESOURCES Table of Contents

An outline of a book Found near the

front of a book Gives a quick look

at the main subjects covered and where to find those subjects

USING THE RESOURCES Index

Where you find information on a specific topic within a book

Usually located at the back of the book

More detailed list of topics than table of contents

Lists every subject covered in the whole book

Alphabetical order Includes page numbers

Index

Aanimation, 12arcade games, 6, 38, 50artists. See VIDEO ARTISTS

Bbackgrounds. See SCREEN BACKGROUNDSbuying games, 52

Ccartridge, 15, 39, 55, 67circuits, 15colors, 17

USING THE RESOURCES Glossary

An alphabetical listing that defines important words used in the book

Generally found at the back of textbooks and other reference books

Glossary

amphibian: a cold-blooded vertebrate that lays eggs, has three stages of life, and can live on land or in water (pages 50, 54)

attract: to pull something using a force such as magnetic force (pages 12, 33, 40)

axis: the imaginary line that connects the North and South Poles; the Earth rotates on its axis (pages 41, 79)

USING THE RESOURCES Special Type

Used to draw attention to special words or thoughts.

Some common styles:roman (regular) type

italic type

bold type

underlined type

CAPITAL LETTERS

a combination of any or all of these styles

USING THE RESOURCES Titles and subtitles

read carefully Title =name

Usually printed in larger type than any other text in the story, article, book, or poem

Subtitle – explains a little more about the title Example: I saw Esau: The School Child’s Pocket Book

USING THE RESOURCES Headings and Subheadings

Often occur in informational/expository writing Act like subtitles Tell what a part of the written work is about Allow readers to scan/skim the article to find the most

important information Let the reader know what is coming next

Example: A magazine article about video games might have sections under such headings as:

Sports Games Maze Games Other Games

USING THE RESOURCES Captions

Found under or beside illustrations Sentences, short paragraphs that explain the contents of a

photograph, drawing, graph, or chart

Luke Dollar lived in Madagascar and studied lemurs and their predators. Photograph courtesy Luke Dollar

USING THE RESOURCES Footnotes

Small notes at the bottom of a page. Explain, define, or expand on information in the text Marked by a small number or symbol following a word or

sentence dolmen1

A matching symbol or number will appear next to an explanation or definition at the bottom of the page

1dolmen: a prehistoric monument of two or more stones supporting a table-like slab of stone. Found in France and England, they are thought to mark ancient graves.

USING THE RESOURCES Taking Notes

A way to record information for your report or project and to help reinforce your learning

Boil Down Good note taking is taking the bare facts/main points from what you

have read. (In your own words) Read a paragraph or short section of the information Think about what you have read. Figure out what it says. Make an outline of what you have read in short, simple sentences.

USING THE RESOURCES Taking Notes

A way to record information for your report or project and to help reinforce your learning

Boil Down Good note taking is taking the bare facts/main points from what you

have read. (In your own words) Read a paragraph or short section of the information Think about what you have read. Figure out what it says. Make an outline of what you have read in short, simple sentences.

Remember that you need acknowledge your sources. Tell where you found your information Use quotation marks when you use other people’s words

QUIZ

1) Imagine that you have just read a selection about Amelia Earhart, an American pilot. The Selection says that, in 1932, Earhart became the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. When she attempted to fly around the world, her plane mysteriously disappeared. Amelia Earhart was never seen again.

Which of the four choices below will give you the BEST information about the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.

A. The 2006 Book of Facts B. Maps of the World’s Oceans C. A recent issue of Flying D. Famous Pilots: Their Lives and Legends

On the line next to each title, write the type of resource it represents. Select from the following list.Almanac Magazine Autobiography Newspaper Expert DictionaryBrochure Biography Encyclopedia Atlas Directory Video

2) The Encyclopedia of Sports

3) Maps of the Polar Regions

4) National Geographic Kids

5) The Winston-Salem Journal

6) A Ranger at Croatan National Forest

7) Walt Disney: The Man Who Created Mickey

8) My Life as an Explorer

9) A telephone book

10) A Dictionary of Job Titles