References - INFLIBNETshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/6492/12/12_references.pdf ·...

References

References

Genetic Variation in the Populations of Western India 217

References

Abecasis GR, Noguchi E, Heinzmann A, Traherne JA, Bhattacharya S, Leaves NI, Anderson GG, Zhang Y, Lench NJ, Carey A, Cardon LR, Moffatt MF, Cookson WO. 2001. Extent and distribution of linkage disequilibrium in three genomic regions. Am J Hum Genet 68:191-197. Abecasis GR, Ghosh Debashis, Nicholas TE. 2005. Linkage Disequilibrium: Ancient History Drives the New Genetics. Hum Hered 59:118-124. Adorno EV, Zanette A, Lyra I, Souza CC, Santos LF, Menezes JF, Dupuit MF, Almeida MNT, Reis MG, Gonçalves MS. 2004. The β-globin gene cluster haplotypes in sickle cell anemia patients from northeast Brazil: A clinical and molecular view. Hemoglobin 28:267–271. Aggarwal A, Gauniyal M, Pattanayak I, Kshatriya GK. 2010. Haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus among the tribes of western and southern regions of India. Indian J Hum Genet 16:55-60. Aiello L. 1993. The fossil evidence for modern human origins in Africa: a revised view. Am Anthrop 95:73-96. Aird I, Bentall HH, Roberts JA. 1953. A relationship between cancer of stomach and the ABO blood groups. Br Med J 1:799–801. Alfred Database (Allele Frequency Database): A resource of gene frequency data on human populations supported by the U. S. National Science Foundation. Available at http://alfred.med.yale.edu/alfred/index.asp Andersen TI, Heimdal KR, Skrede M, Tveit K, Berg K, Borresen AL. 1994. Oestrogen receptor (ESR) polymorphisms and breast cancer susceptibility. Hum Genet 94:665-670. Antonarakis SE, Boehm CD, Giardina PJC, Kazazian HH. 1982. Nonrandom association of polymorphic restriction sites in the B-globin gene cluster. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:137-141.

References


Antonarakis SE, Boehm CD, Serjeant GR, Theisen CE, Dover GJ, Kazazian Jr HH. 1984. Origin of the beta S-globin gene in blacks: the contribution of recurrent mutation or gene conversion or both. PNAS 81:853-856 Antunez-de-Mayolo G, Antunez-de-Mayolo A, Antunez-de-Mayolo P, Papiha SS, Hammer M, Yunis JJ, Yunis EJ, Damodaran C, Martinez de Pancorbo M, Caeiro JL, Puzyrev VP, Herrera RJ. 2002. Phylogenetics of worldwide human populations as determined by polymorphic Alu insertions. Electrophoresis 23:3346–3356. Armour J, Anttinen T, May C, Vega E, Sajantila A, Kidd J, Bertranpetit J, Pääbo S, Jeffreys A. 1996. Minisatellite diversity supports a recent African origin for modern humans. Nat Genet 13:154-160. Avery OT, MacLeod CM, McCarty M. 1944. Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types: Induction of transformation desoxyribonucleic acid fraction isolated from pneumococcus type III. J Exp Med 79:137–157. Balakrishnan V, Sanghvi LD. 1968 Distance between populations on the basis of attribute data. Biometrics 24:859–865. Bamshad M, Fraley AE, Crawford MH, Cann RL, Busi BR, Naidu JM, Jorde LB. 1996. mtDNA variation in caste populations of Andhra Pradesh, India. Hum Biol 68:1-28. Bamshad M, Kivisild T, Watkins WS, Dixon ME, Ricker CE, Rao BB, Naidu JM, Prasad BVR, Reddy PG, Rasanayagam A, Papiha SS, Villems R, Redd AJ, Hammer MF, Nguyen SV, Carroll ML, Batzer MA, Jorde LB. 2001. Genetic Evidence on the Origins of Indian Caste Populations Genome Res 11:994-1004. Bamshad MJ, Watkins WS, Dixon ME, Jorde LB, Rao BB, Naidu JM, Prasad BV, Rasanayagam A, Hammer MF. 1998. Female gene flow stratifies Hindu castes. Nature 395:651-652. Bamshad S, Wooding S, Salisbury BA, Stephens JC. 2004. Deconstructing the lationship between genetics and race. Nat Rev Genet 5:598–609.

References


Barbujani G, Magagini A, Minch E, Cavalli Sforza LL. 1997. An apportionment of human DNA diversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:4516-4519. Bastos-Rodrigues L, Pimenta JR, Sergio D, Penain J. 2006. The genetic structure of human populations studied through short insertion-deletion polymorphisms. Ann Hum Genet 70:658-665. Basu A, Mukherjee N, Roy S, Sengupta S, Banerjee S, Chakraborty M, Dey B, Roy M, Roy B, Bhattacharyya NP, Roychoudhury S, Majumder PP. 2003. Ethnic India: A Genomic View, With Special Reference to Peopling and Structure. Genome Res 13:2277-2290. Batzer MA, Arcot SS, Phinney JW, Alegria-Hartman M, Kass DH, Milligan SM, Kimpton C, Gill P, Hochmeister M, Ioannou PA, Herrera RJ, Boudreau DA, Scheer WD, Keats BJB, Deininger PL, Stoneking M. 1996. Genetic variation of recent Alu Insertions in human populations. J Mol Evol 42:22-29. Batzer MA, Gudi VA, Mena JC, Foltz DW, Herrera EJ, Deininger PL. 1991. Amplification dynamics of Human-Specific (HS) Alu family members. Nucleic Acids Res 19:3619-3623. Batzer MA, Rubin CM, Hellmann-Blumberg U, Alegria-Hartman M, Leeflang EP, Stern JD, Bazan HA, Shaikh TH, Deininger PL, Schmid CW. 1995. Dispersion and insertion polymorphism in two small subfamilies of recently amplified human Alu repeats. J Mol Biol 247:418-427. Batzer MA, Stoneking M, Hartman MA, Bazan H, Kass DH, Shaikh TH, Novick GE, Ioannou PA, Scheer WD, Herrera RJ, Deininger PL. 1994. African origin of human-specific polymorphic Alu insertions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:12,288-12,292. Beato M. 1989. Gene regulation by steroid hormones. Cell 56:335-344. Benham FJ, Spurr N, Povey S, Brinton BT, Goodfellow PN, Solomon E, Harris TJ. 1984. Assignment of tissue-type plasminogen activator to chromosome 8 in man and identification of a common restriction length polymorphism within the gene. Mol Biol Med 2:251-259.

References


Bernstein F. 1924. Ergebnisse einer biostatistischen zusammenfassenden Betrachung der erblichen Blutstrukturen des Menschen. Klin Wschr 3:1495-1497. Beteille A. 1998. The Indian heritage-A sociological perspective. In: Balasubramian D, Rao NA, editors. Hyderabad: Hyderabad University Press. p 87-94. Bhasin MK, Singh IP, Sudhakar K, Bhardwaj V, Chahal SM, Walter H, Dannewitz A. 1985. Genetic studies in four tribal populations of the Surat District, Gujarat (India). Ann Hum Biol 12:27-39. Bhasin MK, Walter H. 2001. Genetics of Castes and Tribes of India. Delhi: Kamla Raj Enterprises. Bhasin MK, Walter H, Danker-Hopfe H. 1992. The Distribution of Genetical, Morphological and Behavioural Traits among the Peoples of Indian Region: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises. Bhasin MK, Walter H, Danker-Hopfe H. 1994. People of India: An Investigation of Biological Variability in Ecological, Ethno-economic and Linguistic Groups. Delhi: Kamla-Raj Enterprises. Bhaskar LVKS, Thangaraj K, Mulligan CJ, Papa Rao A, Pardhasaradhi G, Kumar PK, Shah AM, Sabeera B, Reddy AG, Singh L, Rao VR. 2008. Allelic Variation and Haplotype Structure of the Dopamine Receptor Gene DRD2 in Nine Indian Populations. Genet Test 12:153-160. Blum K, Noble EP, Sheridan PJ, Montgomery A, Ritchie T, Jagadeeswaran P, Nogami H, Briggs AH, Cohn JB. 1998. Allelic association of human dopamine D2 receptor gene in alcoholism. JAMA 263:2055–2060. Blum M, Grant DM, McBride W, Heim M, Meyer UA. 1990. Human arylamine N-acetyltransferase genes: isolation, chromosomal localization, and functional expression. DNA Cell Biol 9:193-203. Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis R. 1980. Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet 32:314-331.

References


Bowcock AM, Kidd JR, Mountain JL, Hebert JM, Carotenuto L, Kidd KK, Cavalli-Sforza LL. 1991. Drift, admixture, and selection in human evolution: a study with DNA polymorphisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 88:839-843. Bowcock AM, Ruiz-Linares A, Tomfohrde J, Minch E, Kidd JR, Cavalli-Sforza LL. 1994. High resolution of human evolutionary trees with polymorphic microsatellites. Nature 368:455-457. Brown WM, Prager EM, Wang A, Wilson AC. 1982. Mitochondrial DNA sequences of primates: Tempo and mode of evolution. J Mol Evol 18:225–239. Brumfield RT, Beerli P, Nickerson DA, Edwards SV. 2003. The utility of single nucleotide polymorphisms in inferences of population history. Trends Ecol Evol 18:249-256. Calafell F, Shuster A, Speed WC, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. 1998. Short tandem repeat polymorphism evolution in humans. Eur J Hum Genet 6:38–49. Cann HM, de Toma C, Cazes L, Legrand MF, Morel V, Piouffre L, Bodmer J, Bodmer WF, Bonne-Tamir B, Cambon-Thomsen A, Chen Z, Chu J, Carcassi C, Contu L, Du R, Excoffier L, Ferrara GB, Friedlaender JS, Groot H, Gurwitz D, Jenkins T, Herrera RJ, Huang X, Kidd J, Kidd KK, Langaney A, Lin AA, Mehdi SQ, Parham P, Piazza A, Pistillo MP, Qian Y, Shu Q, Xu J, Zhu S, Weber JL, Greely HT, Feldman MW, Thomas G, Dausset J, Cavalli-Sforza LL. 2002. A human genome diversity cell line panel. Science 296:261-262. Cann RL. 2001. Genetic clues to dispersal of human populations: Retracing the past from the present. Science 291:742–1748. Cann RL, Stoneking M, Wilson A. 1987. Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution. Nature 325:31-36. Castiglione CM, Deinard AS, Speed WC, Sirugo G, Rosenbaum HC, Zhang Y, Grandy DK, Grigorenko EL, Bonne-Tamir B, Pakstis AJ, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. 1995. Evolution of haplotypes at the DRD2 locus. Am J Hum Genet 57:1445.

References


Cavalli-Sforza LL. 2007. Human evolution and its relevance for genetic epidemiology. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 8:1-15. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Bodmer WF. 1971. The genetics of human populations. San Francisco: Freeman. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Edwards AWF. 1964. Analysis of human evolution. In: Genetics today (Proc. 11th Int. Cong. Genet.). Oxford: Pergamon Press. p 923-933. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Menozzi P, Piazza A. 1994. The history and geography of human genes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p 208–213. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Piazza A, Menozzi P, Mountain J. 1988. Reconstruction of human evolution: Bringing together genetic, archaeological and linguistic data. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:6002-6006. Census of India. 2001. Registrar General and Census commissioner, Government of India. Census of India. 2011. Registrar General and Census commissioner, Government of India. Cerda-Flores RM, Kshatriya GK, Bertin TK, Hewett-Emmett D, Hanis CL, Chakraborty R. 1992. Gene diversity and estimation of genetic admixture among Mexican-Americans of Starr County, Texas. Ann Hum Genet 19:347-360. Cerda-Flores RM, Ramyrez-Fernandez E, Garza-Chapa R. 1987. Genetic admixture and distances between populations from Monterrey, Nuevo Leo’n, Mexico and their putative ancestral populations. Hum Biol 59:31-49. Chakrabarti CS, Roy M, Sengupta NK, Lalthantluanga R, Majumder PP. 2002. Genetic relationships among some tribal groups inhabiting the Northeastern, Eastern and sub-Himalayan regions of India. Ann Hum Genet 66:361–368. Chakravarti A, Buetow KH, Antonarakis SE. 1984. Nonuniform recombination within the human beta-globin gene cluster. Am J Hum Genet 36:1239-1258. Chan V, Chan TK, Cheng MY, Leung Y, Kan YW, Todd D. 1986. Characteristics and distribution of B-thalassemia haplotypes in South China. Hum Genet 73:23-26.

References


Char KSN, Lakshmi P, Gopalam J, Sastry JG, Rao PR. 1989. Genetic differentiation among some endogamous populations of Andhra Pradesh, India. Am J Phys Anthrop 78:421-429. Chaubey G, etspalu M, Kivisild T, Villems R. 2006.Peopling of South Asia: investigating the caste-tribe continuum in India. BioEssays 29:91-100. Chen LZ, Easteal S, Board PG, Kirk RL. 1990. Evolution of beta-globin haplotypes in human populations. Mol Biol Evol 7:423-437. Chen SH, Scott R, Giblett ER. 1974. Adenosine deaminase: demonstration of a "silent" gene associated with combined immunodeficiency disease. Am J Hum Genet 26:103–107. Chen YS, Torroni A, Excoffier L, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Wallace DC. 1995. Analysis of mtDNA variation in African populations reveals the most ancient of all human continent specific haplogroups. Am J Hum Genet 57:133–149. Cleland RE. 1923. Chromosome arrangements during meiosis in certain Oenotheras. Am Nat 57:562-566. Cordaux R, Aunger R, Bentley G, Nasidze I, Sirajuddin SM, Stoneking M. 2004. Independent origins of Indian caste and tribal paternal lineages. Curr Biol 14: 231–235. Correns C. 1900. G. Mendel's Regel über das Verhalten der Nachkommenschaft der Rassenbastarde. Berichte der deutschen botanischen Gesellschaft 18:158–168. English translation: Piternick LK. 1950. G. Mendel's Law Concerning the Behavior of Progeny of Varietal Hybrids. Genetics 35:33-41. Dalley JW, Fryer TD, Brichard L, Robinson ESJ, Theobald DEH, Lääne K, Peña Y, Murphy ER, Shah Y, Probst K, Abakumova I, Aigbirhio FI, Richards HK, Hong Y, Baron JC, Everitt BJ, Robbins TW. 2007. Nucleus accumbens D2/3 receptors predict trait impulsivity and cocaine reinforcement. Science 315:1267-1270. Danser AH, Schunkert H. 2000. Renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms: potential mechanisms for their association with cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 410:303-316.

References


Darwin C. 1859. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. 1st edition. London: John Murray. Das K, Malhotra KC, Mukherjee BN, Walter H, Majumder PP, Papiha SS. 1996. Population structure and genetic differentiation among 16 tribal populations of central India. Hum Biol 68:679-705. Dayhoff MO. 1969. Atlas of protein sequence and structure. Silver Spring, Maryland: National Biomedical Research Foundation. de Vries H. 1900. Sur la loi de disjonction des hybrids. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris) 130:845-847. English Translation: de Vries H. 1950. Concerning the law of segregation of hybrids. Genetics 35:30-32. Decastello AV, Sturli A. 1902. "Ueber die Isoagglutinine im Serum gesunder und kranker Menschen". Mfinch med Wschr 49:1090–1095. Degen SJ, Rajput B, Reich E. 1986. The human tissue plasminogen activator gene. J Biol Chem 261:6972-6985. Deininger PL, Batzer MA. 1993. Evolution of retroposons. Evol Biol 27:157–196. Deininger PL, Batzer MA. 1999. Alu repeats and human disease. Mol Gen Metabolism 67:183-193. Deininger PL, Batzer MA, Hutchison III CA, Edgell MH. 1992. Master genes in mammalian repetitive DNA amplification. Trends Genet 8:307-311. Deininger PL, Batzer MA, Hutchison III CA, Edgell MH. 1993. The generation of sequence similarity in SINEs and LINEs: a reply. Trends Genet 9:38-39. Deininger PL, Daniels G. 1986. The recent evolution of mammalian repetitive DNA elements. Trends Genet 2:76-80. Deka R, Jin L, Shriver MD, Yu LM, Saha N, Barrantes R, Chakraborty R, Ferrell RE. 1996. Dispersion of human Y chromosome haplotypes based on five microsatellites in global populations. Gen Res 6:1177–1184.

References


Deka R, Shriver MD, Yu LM, Heidreich EM, Jin L, Zhong Y, McGarvey ST, Agarwal SS, Bunker CH, Miki T, Hundrieser J, Yin SJ, Raskin S, Barrantes R, Ferrell RE, Chakraborty R. 1999. Genetic variation at twenty three microsatellite loci in sixteen human populations. J Genet 78:99-121. Dobzhansky T. 1937. Genetics and the Origins of Species. New York: Columbia University Press. Dobzhansky T. 1951. Genetics and the Origins of Species. 3rd edition. New York: Columbia University Press. Dobzhansky T. 1952. Nature and origin of heterosis. In: Gowen JW, editor. Heterosis: Iowa State College Press. Dobzhansky T. 1955. Evolution, Genetics and Man. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Dungern EV, Hirszfeld L. 1911. Über gruppenspezifische Strukturen des Blutes, III. Immun Forsch 8:526. Eickstedt E. 1934. Rassenkunde und Rassengeschichte der Menschheit. Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke Verlag. Endicott P, Metspalu M, Kivisild T. 2006. Genetic evidence on modern human dispersals in South Asia: Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA perspectives. In: Petraglia MD, Bridget A, editors. The Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia. Berlin: Springer Link Publication. Enthoven RE. 1920. Tribes and castes of Bombay. Vol 1. Bombay: Govt. Central Press. Eubanks JH, Djabali M, Selleri L, Grandy DK, Civelli O, McElligott DL, Evans GA. 1992. Structure and linkage of the D2 dopamine receptor and neural cell adhesion molecule genes on human chromosome 11q23. Genomics 14:1010-1018. Evans RM. 1988. The steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. Science 240:889-895.

References


Excoffier L, Estoup A, Cornuet J-M. 2005. Bayesian Analysis of an Admixture Model With Mutations and Arbitrarily Linked Markers. Genetics 169:1727-1738. Excoffier L, Slatkin M. 1995. Maximum-likelihood estimation of molecular haplotype frequencies in a diploid population. Mol Biol Evol 12:921-927. Excoffier L, Smouse P, Quattro J. 1992 Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: Application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data. Genetics 131:479-491. Fay JC, Wu CI. 2000. Hitchhiking under positive Darwinian selection. Genetics 155:1405–1413. Feldman MW, Nabholz M, Bodmer WF. 1969. Evolution of the Rh polymorphism: A model for the interaction of incompatibility, reproductive compensation, and heterozygote advantage. Am J Hum Genet 21:171–193. Fisher RA. 1918. The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance. Trans Roy Soc Edinb 52:399–433. Fisher RA. 1930. The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Fisher RA. 1947. The rhesus factor. Am Sci 35:95–102. Ford EB. 1942. Genetics for medical students. London: Chapman and Hall. Ford EB. 1964. Ecological genetics. London: Chapman and Hall. Fox A. 1932. The relationship between chemical constitution and taste. Proc Natl Acad Sci Washington 18:115-120. Frayer D, Wolpoff M, Smith F, Thorne A, Pope G. 1993. The fossil evidence for modern human origins. Am Anthrop 95:14-50. Frazer A, Maayani S, Wolfe BB. 1990. Subtypes of receptors for serotonin. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 30:307-48.

References


Friedenreich V. 1936. Eine bisher unbekannte Blutgruppeneigenschaft (A3). Z Immunforsch 89:409. Friendenreich V, Zacho A. 1931. Die Differential diagnose zwischen der ‘Unter’-gruppen A1 und A2. Z Rassenphysiol 4:164. Fuchs S. 1964. Anthropometry of the Gujarat tribes. In: Shah PG, editor. Tribal life in Gujarat. Bombay: Gujarat research society. p 263-275. Gabriel SB, Schaffner SF, Nguyen H, Moore JM, Roy J, Blumenstiel B, Higgins J, DeFelice M, Lochner A, Faggart M, Liu-Cordero SN, Rotimi C, Adeyemo A, Cooper R, Ward R, Lander ES, Daly MJ, Altshuler D. 2002. The structure of haplotype blocks in the human genome. Science 296:2225–2229. Gadgil M, Guha R. 1992. This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press and Berkeley: University of California Press. Gadgil M, Joshi NV, Shambu Prasad UV, Manoharan S, Patil S. 1997. Peopling of India. In: Balasubramanian D, Rao NN, editors. The Indian Human Heritage Universities Press, Hyderabad: University Press. p 100-129. Gadgil M, Malhotra KC. 1983. Adaptive significance of the Indian caste system: an ecological perspective. Ann Hum Biol 10:465-478. Gaikwad S, Vasulu TS, Kashyap VK. 2006. Microsatellite diversity reveals the interplay of language and geography in shaping genetic differentiation of diverse proto-australoid populations of west-central India. Am J Phys Anthropol 129:260-267. Gauniyal M, Chahal SMS, Kshatriya GK. 2008. Genetic Affinities of the Siddis of South India: An Emigrant Population of East Africa. Hum Biol 80:251-270. Gayagay G, Yu B, Hambly B, Boston T, Hahn A, Celermajer DS, Trent RJ. 1998. Elite endurance athletes and the ACE I allele--the role of genes in athletic performance. Hum Genet 103:48-50. Gejman PV, Ram A, Gelernter J, Friedman E, Cao Q, Pickar D, Blum K, Noble EP, Kranzler H, O'Malley S, Hamer DH, Whitsitt F, Rao P, DeLisi LE, Virkkunen M, Linnoila M, Goldman D, Gershon ES. 1994. No structural mutation in the dopamine D2 receptor gene in alcoholism or schizophrenia. JAMA 271:204-208.

References


Ghosh AK. 1977. The distribution of genetic variants of glyoxalase 1, esterase D and carbonic anhydrase I and II in Indian populations. Ind J Phys Anthrop Hum Genet 3:73-83. Giblett ER, Anderson JE, Cohen F, Pollara B, Meuwissen HJ. 1972. Adenosine-deaminase deficiency in two patients with severely impaired cellular immunity. Lancet 2:1067–1069. Goldschmitdt R. 1940. The Material Basis of Evolution. New Haven CT: Yale University Press. Gower JC. 1966. Some distance properties of latent root and vector methods used in multivariate analysis. Biometrika 53:325-338. Grandy DK, Litt M, Allen L, Bunzow JR, Marchionni M, Makam H, Reed L, Magenis RE, Civelli O. 1989. The human dopamine D2 receptor gene is located on chromosome 11 at q22-q23 and identifies a TaqI RFLP. Am J Hum Genet 45:778-785. Grzeschik KH, Kazazian, HH. 1985. Report of the Committee on the Genetic Constitution of Chromosomes 10, 11, and 12. Cytogenet Cell Genet 40:179–205. Guha BS. 1935. Racial affinities of the people of India. In: Census of India, 1931 Report. Volume 1(III). Ethnographical Section. Simla: Government of India Press. Guha BS. 1944. Racial elements in the populations. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Guo Z, Sharma V, Litt M. 1990. Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the D21S13E locus. Nucleic Acids Res 18:4967. Haldane JBS. 1932. The Causes of Evolution. London: Longmans, Green & Co., and New York: Harper Brothers. Halushka MK, Fan JB, Bentley K, Hsie L, Shen NP, Weder A, Cooper R, Lipshutz R, Chakravarti A. 1999. Patterns of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes for blood-pressure homeostasis. Nat Genet 22:239–247. Hammer MF, Spurdle AB, Karafet T, Bonner MR, Wood ET, Novelleto A, Malaspina P, Mitchell RJ, Horai S, Jenkins T, Zegura SL. 1997. The geographic distribution of human Y chromosome variation. Genetics 145:787-805.

References


Hardy GH. 1908. Mendelian Proportions in a Mixed Population. Science XXVIII:49-50. Harpending H, Rogers A. 2000. Genetic perspectives on human origins and differentiation. Ann Rev Gen Hum Gen 1:361–385. Harpending HC, Ward RH. 1982. Chemical systematics and human evolution. In: Nitecki M, editor. Biochemical Aspects of Evolutionary Biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 213–256. Hartl DL, Lohe AR, Lozovskaya ER. 1997. Modern thoughts on an ancient mariner: function, evolution, regulation. Ann Rev Genet 31:337-358. Hauge X, Grandy D, Eubanks J, Evans G, Civelli O, Litt M. 1991. Detection and characterization of additional DNA polymorphisms in the dopamine D2 receptor gene. Genomics 10:527-530. Hawks J, Hunley K, Lee SH, Wolpoff M. 2000a. Population bottlenecks and Pleistocene human evolution. Mol Biol Evol 17:2–22. Hawks J, Oh S, Hunley K, Dobson S, Cabana G, Dayalu P, Wolpoff MH. 2000b. An Australasian test of the recent African origin theory using the WLH- 50 calvarium. J Hum Evol 39:1–22. Hein DW, Grant DM, Sim E. 2000. Update on consensus arylamine N-acetyltransferase gene nomenclature. Pharmacogenetics 10:291-292. Heinzmann C, Ladias J, Antonarakis S, Kirchgessner T, Schotz M, Lusis AJ. 1987. RFLP for the human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene: HindIII. Nucleic Acids Res 15:6763. Hickman D, Pope J, Patil SD, Fakis G, Smelt V, Stanley LA, Payton M, Unadkat JD, Sim E. 1998. Expression of arylamine N-acetyltransferase in human intestine. Gut 42:402-409. Hickman D, Risch A, Buckle V, Spurr NK, Jeremiah SJ, McCarthy A, Sim E. 1994. Chromosomal localization of human genes for arylamine N-acetyltransferase. Biochem J 297:441-445.

References


Hingorani AD, Jia H, Stevens PA, Hopper R, Dickerson JE, Brown MJ. 1995. Renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms influence blood pressure and the response to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition. J Hypertens 13:1602-1609. Hirszfeld L, Hirszfeld H. 1919. Essai d’application des mthods au probleme des races. Anthroplogie 29:505-537. Houck CM, Rinehart FP, Schmid CW. 1979. A ubiquitous family of repeated DNA sequences in the human genome. J Mol Biol 132:289-306. Huxley JS. 1942. Evolution: The Modern Synthesis. London: Allen & Unwin. Indian Genome Variation Consortium. 2008. Genetic landscape of the people of India: a canvas for disease gene exploration. J Genet 87:3-20. Ingman M, Kaessmann H, Pa¨a¨bo S, Gyllensten U. 2000. Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans. Nature 408:708–713. Iyengar S, Seaman M, Deinard AS, Rosenbaum HC, Sirugo G, Castiglione CM, Kidd JR, Kidd KK. 1998. Analyses of cross-species polymerase chain reaction products to infer the ancestral state of human polymorphisms. DNA Seq 8:317-327. Jackson DM, Westlind-Danielsson A. 1994. Dopamine receptors: molecular biology, biochemistry and behavioural aspects. Pharmacol Ther 64:291-370. Jenkin F. 1867. Review of 'The origin of species'. North British Rev 46:277-318. Jenne JW. 1965. Partial purification and properties of the isoniazid transacetylase in human liver: its relationship to the acetylation of p-amino-salicylic acid. J Clin Invest 44:1992-2002. Jobling MA, Hurles ME, Tyler-Smith C. 2004. Human Evolutionary Genetics: origins, peoples and disease. London/New York: Garland Science Publishing. Jorde LB, Bamshad M, Rogers AR. 1998. Using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers to reconstruct human evolution. Bioessays 20:126–136.

References


Jorde LB, Bamshad MJ, Watkins WS, Zenger R, Fraley AE, Krakowiak PA, Carpenter KD, Soodyall H, Jenkins T, Rogers AR. 1995. Origins and affinities of modern humans: a comparison of mitochondrial and nuclear genetic data. Am J Hum Genet 57:523–538. Jorde LB, Rogers AR, Bamshad M, Watkins WS, Krakowiak P, Sung S, Kere J, Harpending HC. 1997. Microsatellite diversity and the demographic history of modern humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:3100–3103. Jorde LB, Watkins WS, Bamshad MJ, Dixon ME, Ricker CE, Seielstad MT, Batzer MA. 2000. The distribution of human genetic diversity: a comparison of mitochondrial, autosomal, and Y chromosome data. Am J Hum Genet 66:979-988. Joshi NV, Gadgil M, Patil S. 1993. Exploring cultural diversity of the people of India. Curr Sci 64:10-17. Kaessmann H, Heissig F, Haeseler A von, Pa¨a¨bo S. 1999. DNA sequence variation in a non-coding region of low recombination on the human X chromosome. Nat Genet 22:78–81. Kan YW, Dozy AM. 1978. Polymorphism of DNA sequence adjacent to human β-globin structural gene: Relationship to sickle mutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:5631. Kan YW, Dozy AM. 1980. Evolution of the hemoglobin S and C genes in world populations. Science 209:388–391. Karlin S, Piazza A. 1981. Statistical methods for assessing linkage disequilibrium at the HLA-A, B, C loci. Ann Hum Genet 45:79–94. Karve I. 1961. Hindu society – an interpretation. Poona: Deshmukh Prakashan. Kashyap VK, Ashma R, Gaikwad S, Sarkar BN, Trivedi R. 2004. Deciphering diversity in populations of various linguistic and ethnic affiliations of different geographical regions of India: analysis based on 15 microsatellite markers. J Genet 83:49-63.

References


Kashyap VK, Guha S, Sitalaximi T., Bindu GH, Hasmain SE, Trivedi R 2006. Genetic structure of Indian population based on fifteen autosomal microsatellite loci. BMC Genet 7:e28. Katzov H, Bennet A, Kehoe P, Wiman B, Gatz M, Blennow K, Lenhard B, Pedersen NL, de Faire U, Prince JA. 2004. A Cladistic Model of ACE Sequence Variation with Implications for Myocardial Infarction, Alzheimer's Disease, and Obesity. Hum Mol Genet 13:2647-2657. Ke Y, Su B, Song X, Lu D, Chen L, Li H, Qi C, Marzuki S, Deka R, Underhill P, Xiao C, Shriver M, Lell J, Wallace D, Wells RS, Seielstad M, Oefner P, Zhu D, Jin J, Huang W, Chakraborty R, Chen Z, Jin L. 2001. African origin of modern humans in East Asia: a tale of 12,000 Y chromosomes. Science 292:1151–1153. Kehoe PG, Russ C, McIlory S, Williams H, Holmans P, Holmes C, Liolitsa D, Vahidassr D, Powell J, McGleenon B, Liddell M, Plomin R, Dynan K, Williams N, Neal J, Cairns NJ, Wilcock G, Passmore P, Lovestone S, Williams J, Owen MJ. 1999. Variation in DCP1, encoding ACE, is associated with susceptibility to Alzheimer disease. Nat Genet 21:71-72. Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Zhao H, Lu R-B, Okonofua FE, Odunsi A, Grigorenko E, Bonne-Tamir B, Friedlaender J, Schulz LO, Parnas J, Kidd KK. 2000. Haplotypes and linkage disequilibrium at the phenylalanine hydroxylase locus, PAH, in a global representation of populations. Am J Hum Genet 66:1882–1899. Kidd KK, Morar B, Castiglione CM, Zhao H, Pakstis AJ, Bonne-Tamir B, Lu RB, Goldman D, Lee C, Nam YS, Grandy DK, Jenkins T, Kidd JR. 1998. A global survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus. Hum Genet 103:211-227. Kidd KK, Pakstis AJ, Castiglione CM, Kidd JR, Speed WC, Goldman D, Knowler WC, Lu RB, Bonne-Tamir B. 1996. DRD2 haplotypes containing the TaqI A1 allele: implications for alcoholism research. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 20:697-705. Kimura M. 1983. The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

References


Kivisild T, Rootsi S, Metspalu M, Mastana S, Kaldma K, Parik J, Metspalu E, Adojaan M, Tolk HV, Stepanov V, Gölge M, Usanga E, Papiha SS, Cinnioðlu C, King R, Cavalli-Sforza L, Underhill PA, Villems R. 2003. The genetic heritage of the earliest settlers persists both in Indian tribal and caste populations. Am J Hum Genet 72:313-332. Kömph J, Bissbort S, Gussmann S, Ritter H. 1975. Polymorphism of red cell glyoxalase I (E.C.: 4.4.1.5). A new genetic marker in man: Investigation of 169 mother-child combinations. Humangenetik 27:141–143. Kosambi DD. 1991. The culture and civilisation of ancient India in historical outline. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House. Kshatriya GK. 1995. Genetic affinities of Sri Lankan populations. Hum Biol 67:843-866. Kshatriya GK, Aggarwal A, Khurana P, Italia YM. 2011. Genomic congruence of Indo-European speaking tribes of western India with the Dravidian-speaking populations of southern India: A study of 20 autosomal DNA markers. Ann Hum Biol 38:583–591. Kshatriya GK, Aggarwal A, Khurana P, Singh HS, Italia YM, Saraswathy KN, Ghosh PK. 2010. Genomic and linguistic affinities: A study of allelic and haplotype diversity at DRD2 locus among the tribes of Gujarat, western India. Genet Test 14:215-223. Kulozik AE, Kar BC, Satapathy RK, Serjeant BE, Weatherall DJ. 1987. Fetal Hemoglobin levels and beta S globin haplotypes in an Indian population with sickle cell disease. Blood 69:1742-1746. Kulozik AE, Wainscoat JS, Serjeant GR, Kar BC, Al-Awamy B, Essan GJF, Falusi AG, Haque SK, Hilali AM, Kate S, Ranasinghe WAEP and Weatherall DJ. 1986. Geographical survey of βS-globin gene haplotypes: Evidence for an independent Asian origin of the sickle-cell mutation. Am J Hum Genet. 39:239–244. Labie D, Srinivas R, Dunda O, Dode C, Lapoumeroulie C, Devi V, Devi S, Ramasami K, Elion J, Ducrocq R. 1989. Haplotypes in tribal Indians bearing the sickle gene: evidence for the unicentric origin of the beta S mutation and the unicentric origin of the tribal populations of India. Hum Biol 61:479-491.

References


Labuda D, Zietkiewicz E, Yotova V. 2000. Archaic Lineages in the History of Modern Humans. Genetics 156:799–808. Lahr MM, Foley RA. 1994. Multiple dispersals and Modern Human Origins. Evol Anthropol 3:48-60. Lal P. 1974. The tribal man in India: A study in the ecology of the primitive communities. In: Mani MS, editor. Ecology and Biogeography in India. The Hague: W. Junk Publishers. p 281-329. Lamarck JB. 1809. Philosophie zoologique, ou Exposition des considerations relatives a l’histoire naturelle des animaux. Paris: Dentu. English Translation: Elliot H. 1914. Zoological Philosophy: An Exposition with Regard to the Natural History of Animals. London: Macmillan. Landsteiner K. 1901. Ueber Agglutinationserscheinungen normalen menschlichen Blutes. Wien Klin Wochenschr 14:1132–1134. English Translation: On agglutination phenomena of normal human blood. 1963. In: Boyer SH, editor. Papers on Human Genetics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. p 27–31. Landsteiner K, Levine P. 1928. On the inheritance of agglutinogens of human blood demonstrable by immune agglutinins. J exp Med 48:731. Landsteiner K, Wiener AS. 1940. An agglutinable factor in human blood recognized by immune sera of rhesus blood. Proc Soc exp Biol Med 43:223. Latini V, Vacca L, Ristaldi MS, Marongiu MF, MemmÌ M, Varesi L,Vona G. 2003. β-Globin gene cluster haplotypes in the Corsican and sardinian Populations. Hum Biol 75: 855-871. Latter BDH. 1980. Genetic differences within and between populations of the major human subgroups. Am Nat 116:220–237. Lawford BR, Young RM, Noble EP, Sargent J, Rowell J, Shadforth S, Zhang X, Ritchie T. 2000. The D2 dopamine receptor A1 allele and opioid dependence: association with heroin use and response to methadone treatment. Am J Med Genet 96:592-598.

References


Lee YJ, Park SS, Kim JY, Cho HI. 2002. RFLP Haplotypes of β-Globin Gene Complex of Thalassemic Chromosomes in Koreans. J Korean Med Sc 17:475-478. Lehmann H. 1953. The sickle cell trait not an essentially Negroid feature. Man 53:9. Lehmann H Cutbush M. 1952. Sickle cell trait in southern India. Brit Med J i:404-415. Lewontin RC. 1964. The interaction of selection and linkage. I. General considerations; heterotic models. Genetics 49:49–67. Lewontin RC. 1972. The apportionment of human diversity. Evol Biol 6:381-398. Li WH, Sadler LA. 1991. Low Nucleotide Diversity in Man. Genetics 129:513-523. Livingstone FB. 1967. Abnormal haemoglobins in human populations: A summary and interpretation. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Co. Lohmann K. 1933. Formation and hydrolysis of phosphate esters. Synthesis of natural hexosemonophosphate from its components. Bioc/ scm Z 262:137. Long JC, Chakravarti A, Boehm CD, Antonarakis S, Kazazian HH. 1990. Phylogeny of human beta-globin haplotypes and its implications for recent human evolution. Am J Phys Anthropol 81:113-130. Lucki I. 1998. The spectrum of behaviors influenced by serotonin. Biol Psychiatry 44:151-62. Lumey LH, Stein AD, Ravelli ACJ. 1995. Timing of prenatal starvation in women and birth weight in their first and second born offspring : the Dutch famine birth cohort study. Eur J Obst Gynaec Repro Biol 61:23-30. Luo HR, Hou ZF, Wu J, Zhang YP, Wan YJ. 2005. Evolution of the DRD2 gene haplotype and its association with alcoholism in Mexican Americans. Alcohol 2: 117-125. Luz JD, Kimura EM, Costa FF, Sonati MDF, Sans M. 2010. Beta-Globin Gene Cluster Haplotypes in Afro-Uruguayans from Two Geographical Regions (South and North). Am J Hum Biol 22:124–128.

References


Lyerly HK, Matthews TJ, Langlois AJ, Bolognesi DP, Weinhold KJ. 1987. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus IIIB glycoprotein (gp120) bound to CD4 determinants on normal lymphocytes and expressed by infected cells serves as target for immune attack. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:4601-4605. Maddon PJ, Molineaux SM, Maddon DE, Zimmerman KA, Godfrey M, Alt FW, Chess L, Axel R. 1987. Structure and expression of the human and mouse T4 genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:9155-9159. Magaña MT, Ibarra B, Luévano KE. 2010. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium between the 5′ and 3′ haplotypes of the β-globin gene cluster in Mexican afromestizos. Blood Cells Mol Dis 44:89-94. Magana MT, Perea FJ, Ongay Z, Ibarra B. 2005. 3Z haplotypes of the β-globin gene in βS chromosomes of Mexican individuals. Blood Cells Mol Dis 34:48-52. Majumder PP. 1998. People of India: Biological diversity and affinities. Evol Anthrop 6:100–110. Majumder PP. 2001. Ethnic populations of India as seen from an evolutionary perspective. J Biosci 26:533-545. Majumder PP. 2008. Genomic Inferences on peopling of south Asia. Curr Opin Genet Dev 18:280-284. Majumder PP. 2010. The human genetic history of South Asia. Curr Biol 20: R184-R187. Majumder PP, Roy B, Balgir RS, Dash BP. 1999a. Polymorphisms in the β-globin gene cluster in some ethnic populations of India and their implications on disease. In: Gupta S, Sood OP, editors. Molecular intervention in disease. New Delhi: Ranbaxy Science Foundation. p 75-83. Majumder PP, Roy B, Banerjee S, Chakraborty M, Dey B, Mukherjee N, Roy M, Thakura PG, Sil SK. 1999b. Human-specific insertion/deletion polymorphisms in Indian populations and their possible evolutionary implications. Eur J Hum Genet 7:435–446.

References


Malhotra KC, Chakraborty R, Chakravarthy A. 1978. Gene differentiation among the Dhangar caste cluster of Maharashtra, India. Hum Hered 28:26-30. Malhotra KC, Vasulu TS. 1993. Structure of human populations in India. In: Majumder PP, editor. Human Population Genetics. New York: Plenum Press. p 207–233. Malthus TR. 1798. An Essay on the Principle of Population. London: J Johnson. Mangelsdorf DJ, Thummel C, Beato M, Herrlich P, Schutz G, Umesono K, Blumberg B, Kastner P, Mark M, Chambon P, Evans RM. 1995. The nuclear receptor superfamily: the second decade. Cell 83:835-839. Margoliash E, Smith EL. 1965. Structural and functional aspects of cytochrome c in relation to evolution. In: Bryson V, Vogel HJ, editors. Evolving Genes and Proteins. New York: Academic Press. p 221-242. Mastana SS, Reddy PH, Das MK, Reddy P, Das K. 2000. Molecular genetic diversity in 5 populations of Madhya Pradesh, India. Hum Biol 72: 499-510. Matas N, Thygesen P, Stacey M, Risch A, Sim E. 1997. Mapping AAC1, AAC2 and AACP, the genes for arylamine N-acetyltransferases, carcinogen metabolising enzymes on human chromosome 8p22, a region frequently deleted in tumours. Cytogenet Cell Genet 77:290-295. Mattei MG, Hubert C, Alhenc-Gelas F, Roeckel N, Corvol P, Soubrier F. 1989. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene is on chromosom 17. Cytogent Cell Gene 51:1041. Mayr E. 1942. Systematics and the Origin of Species. New York: Columbia University Press. Mayr E. 1963. Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, Harvard University Press. Mayr E. 1981. The Growth of Biological Thought. Cambridge: Harvard. p 330. Mayr E, Provine WB. 1980. The evolutionary synthesis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

References


Meenakshi K. 1995. Linguistics and the study of early Indian history. In: Thapar R, editor. Recent perspectives of early Indian history. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan. p 1-52.

Mellars P. 2006. Going East: New Genetic and Archaeological Perspectives on the Modern Human Colonization of Eurasia. Nature 313:796-800.

Menasce LP, White GR, Harrison CJ, Boyle JM. 1993. Localization of the estrogen receptor locus (ESR) to chromosome 6q25.1 by FISH and a simple post-FISH banding technique. Genomics 17:263-265.

Mendel G. 1865. Experiments in Plant Hybridization, Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereines in Brünn, Bd. IV für das Jahr. Abhandlungen 3-47.

Merriwether DA, Clark AG, Ballinger SW, Schurr TG, Soodyall H, Jenkins T, Sherry ST, Wallace DC. 1991. The structure of human mitochondrial DNA variation. J Mol Evol 33:543-555.

Metspalu M, Kivisild T, Metspalu E, Parik J, Hudjashov G, Kaldma K, Serk P, Karmin M, Behar DM, Gilbert MT, Endicott P, Mastana S, Papiha SS, Skorecki K, Torroni A, Villems R. 2004. Most of the extant mtDNA boundaries in south and southwest Asia were likely shaped during the initial settlement of Eurasia by anatomically modern humans. BMC Genet 5:26.

Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF. 1988. A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res 16:1215.

Mills RE, Luttig CT, Larkins CE, Beauchamp A, Tsui C, Pittard WS, Devine SE. 2006. An initial map of insertion and deletion (INDEL) variation in the human genome. Genome Res 16:1182-1190.

Montgomery HE, Marshall R, Hemingway H, Myerson S, Clarkson P, Dollery C, Hayward M, Holliman DE, Jubb M, World M, Thomas EL, Brynes AE, Saeed N, Barnard M, Bell JD, Prasad K, Rayson M, Talmud PJ, Humphries SE. 1998. Human gene for physical performance. Nature 393:221-222.

Morgan TH. 1932. The Scientific Basis of Evolution, New York: W.H. Norton.

References


Morgan TH, Sturtevant AH, Muller HJ, Bridges CB. 1915. The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity. New York: Henry Holt and Company.

Morton N, Crow JF, Muller HJ. 1956. An estimate of the mutational damage in man from data on consanguineous marriages. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 42:855-863.

Mourant AE. 1972. ABO blood groups and abortion. Brit Med J i:314-315.

Mourant AE, Kopec AC, Domaniewska-Sobczek K. 1976. The Distribution of the Human Blood Groups and Other Polymorphisms. London: Oxford University Press.

Mourant AE, Kope AC, Domaniewska-Sobczak K. 1978. Blood groups and diseases. A Study of Associations of Diseases with Blood Groups and Other Polymorphisms. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Mouräo LACB, Salzano FM. 1978. New data on the association between P.T.C. tasting and tuberculosis. Rev Brasil Biol 38:475.

Mukherjee BN, Malhotra KC, Das SK, Majumder PP, Roy M, Kate SL, Sainani GS. 1979. Genetic polymorphism in three populations of Maharashtra, India. Am J Phys Anthrop 59:367-371.

Mukherjee MB, Surve RR, Gangakhedkar RR, Ghosh K, Colah RB, Mohanty D. 2004. Beta-globin gene cluster haplotypes linked to the βS gene in western India. Hemoglobin 28:157-161.

Mukherjee N, Mitra M, Chakraborty M, Majumder PP. 2000. Congruence of genomic and ethnolinguistic affinities among five tribal populations of Madhya Pradesh, India. J Genet 79:41–46.

Muller HJ. 1940. Bearings of Drosophila work on systematics. In: Huxley JS, editor. The new systematic. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p 185-268.

Muller HJ. 1950. Radiation Damage to the Genetic Material. Am Sci 38: 399-425.

Mullis K. 1990. The unusual origin of the polymerase chain reaction. Scientific Am 262:56-65.

References


Murty JS, Padma T. 1984. Genetic polymorphism and disease association, evidence for age dependent selection. In: Malhotra KC, Basu A, editors. Human Genetics and Adaptation. Vol 1. Calcutta: Indian Statistical Institute. p 264-290. Nalbandian RM, Nichols BM, Camp FR Jr, Lusher JM, Conte NF, Henry RL, Wolf PL. 1971. Dithionite tube test-A rapid inexpensive technique for detection of Hemoglobin S and non-S Sickling hemoglobin. Clin Chem 17:1028-1032. Nätt D, Lindqvist N, Stranneheim H, Lundeberg J, Torjesen PA, Jensen P. 2009. Inheritance of Acquired Behaviour Adaptations and Brain Gene Expression in Chickens. PLoS ONE 4:e6405. Negi RS. 1968. Sickle cell trait in India. A review of known distribution. Bulletin Anthropol Survey Ind 17:439. Nei M. 1971. Identity of genes and genetic distance between populations. Genetics Suppl 68:47. Nei M. 1972. Genetic distance between populations. Am Nat 106:283–292. Nei M. 1973. Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 70:3321-3323. Nei M. 1987. Molecular evolutionary genetics. New York: Columbia University Press. Nei M, Livshits G. 1990. Evolutionary relationships of Europeans, Asians, and Africans at the molecular level. In: Takahata N, Crow JF, editors. Population biology of genes and molecules. Tokyo: Baifukan. p 251–265. Nei M, Roychoudhury AK. 1972. Genetic differences between Caucasian, Negro, and Japanese populations. Science 177:434-436. Nei M, Roychoudhury AK. 1974. Sampling variances of heterozygosity and genetic distance. Genetics 76:379–390. Nei M, Roychoudhury AK. 1982. Genetic relationship and evolution of human races. Evol Biol 14:1-59.

References


Nei M, Roychoudhury AK. 1993. Evolutionary relationships of human populations on a global scale. Mol Biol Evol 10:927-943.

Nei M, Tajima F, Tateno Y. 1983. Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data. J Mol Evol 19:153-170.

Nei M, Takezaki N. 1996. The root of the phylogenetic tree of human populations. Mol Biol Evol 13:170–177.

Neiswanger K, Hill SY, Kaplan BB. 1995. Association and linkage studies of the TAQI A1 allele at the dopamine D2 receptor gene in samples of female and male alcoholics. Am J Med Genet 60:267-271.

Neve RL, Stewart GD, Newcomb P, Van Keuren ML, Patterson D, Drabkin HA, Kurnit DM. 1986. Human chromosome 21-encoded cDNA clones. Gene 49:361-369.

Nickerson DA, Taylor SL, Weiss KM, Clark AG, Hutchinson RG, Stengard J, Salomaa V, Vartiainen E, Boerwinkle E, Sing CF. 1998. DNA sequence diversity in a 9.7-kb region of the human lipoprotein lipase gene. Nat Genet 19:233-240.

Niranjan Y, Chandak GR, Veerraju P, Singh L. 1999. Some atypical and rare sickle cell gene haplotypes in populations of Andhra Pradesh, India. Hum Biol 71:333-340.

Nitecki MH, Nitecki DV. 1994. Origins of Anatomically Modern Humans. New York: Plenum Press.

Noble EP. 1998. The D2 dopamine receptor genes: A review of association studies in alcoholism and phenotypes. Alcohol 16:33–45.

Noble EP, Blum K, Khalsa ME, Ritchie T, Montgomery A, Wood RC, Fitch RJ, Ozkaragoz T, Sheridan PJ, Anglin MD, Paredes A, Treiman L, Sparkes RS. 1993. Allelic association of the D2 dopamine receptor gene with cocaine dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 33:271-285.

Novick GE, Novick CC, Yunis J, Yunis E, Antunez de Mayolo P, Scheer WD, Deininger PL, Stoneking M, York DS, Batzer MA, Herrera RJ. 1998. Polymorphic Alu insertions and the Asian origin of Native American populations. Hum Biol 70:23–39.

References


Oestigaard T, Anfinset N, SSaetersdal T. 2004. Combining the past and the Present: Archaeological perspectives on society. Oxford: BAR International Series 1210.

Ohara BF, Smith SS, Bird G, Persico AM, Suarez BK, Cutting GR, Uhl GR. 1993. Dopamine D2 receptor RFLPs, haplotypes and their association with substance use in black and Caucasian research volunteers. Hum Hered 43:209-218.

Oka K, Tkalcevic GT, Stocks J, Galton DJ, Brown WV. 1989. Nucleotide sequence of PvuII polymorphic site at the human lipoprotein lipase gene locus. Nucleic Acids Res 17:6752.

Orkin SH, Kazazian HH Jr, Antonarakis SE, Goff SC, Boehm CD, Sexton JP, Wabert PG, Giardina JV. 1982. Linkage of beta-thalassaemia mutations and betaglobin gene polymorphisms with DNA polymorphisms in human beta-globin gene cluster. Nature 296:627-631.

Osborne NN. 1982. Biology of Serotonergic Transmission. Chichester: John Willey & Sons. p 7-27.

Pagnier J, Mears JG, Dunda-Belkhodja O, Schaefer-Rego KE, Beldjord C, Nagel RL, Labie D. 1984. Evidence for the multicentric origin of the sickle cell hemoglobin gene in Africa. PNAS 81:1771-1773.

Pante-De-Sousa G, Mousinho-Ribeiro RC, Dos Santos EJ, Guerreiro JF. 1999. β-Globin haplotypes analysis in Afro-Brazilians from the Amazon region: evidence for a significant gene flow from Atlantic West Africa. Ann Hum Biol 26:365–373.

Park JK, Kim W, Kim SW, Koh GY, Park SK. 1999. Gene-polymorphisms of angiotensin converting enzyme and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in patients with erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 11:273-276.

Parsian A, Fisher L, O'Malley K, Todd R. 1991. A new TaqI RFLP within intron 2 of human dopamine D2 receptor gene. Nucleic Acids Res 19:6977.

Pattanayak I. 2010. A study of genetic diversity among the Gonds of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka. (unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Delhi, Delhi).

References


Pauling L, Itano H, Singer SJ, Wells I. 1949. Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease. Science 110:543–548. Penny D, Steel M, Waddell PJ, Hendy MD. 1995. Improved analyses of human mtDNA sequences support a recent African origin for Homo sapiens. Mol Biol Evol 12:863–882. Plagnol V, Wall JD. 2006. Possible ancestral structure in human populations. PLoS Genet 2:972–979. Poliakov L. 1974. The Aryan Myth. New York: Basic Books. Ponglikitmongkol M, Green S, Chambon P. 1988. Genomic organization of the human oestrogen receptor gene. EMBO J 7:3385-3388. Powars D, Hiti A. 1993. Sickle cell anemia: Beta s gene cluster haplotypes as genetic markers for severe disease expression. Am J Dis Child 147:1197-1202. Prabhakaran K, Ramesh A, Usha Rani MV, Majumder PP. 2008. Did human DRD2 haplotypes originate in India? A survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium in the tribes of Eastern Ghats, South India. Curr Sci 94: 1589-1594. Provine WB. 1971. The Origins of Theoretical Population Genetics. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press. Pulst SM, Korenberg JR, Greenwald J, Carbone M. 1990a. A new EcoRI polymorphism at the D21S13 locus. Hum Genet 84:580. Pulst SM, Korenberg JR, Ren M, Greenwald J. 1990b. A new HaeIII polymorphism at the D21S13 locus. Hum Genet 85:671. Puppala S, Crawford MH. 1996. Genetic structure and phylogeny of populations of India: Andhra Pradesh. Homo 47:73-84. Quintana-Murci L, Chaix R, Wells RS, Behar DM, Sayar H, Scozzari R, Rengo C, Al-Zahery N, Semino O, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Coppa A, Ayub Q, Mohyuddin A, Tyler-Smith C, Qasim Mehdi S, Torroni A, McElreavey K. 2004. Where west meets east: the complex mtDNA landscape of the southwest and Central Asian corridor. Am J HumGenet 74:827-845.

References


Quintana-Murci L, Krausz C, Zerjal T, Sayar SH, Hammer MF, Mehdi SQ, Ayub Q, Qamar R, Mohyuddin A, Radhakrishna U, Jobling MA, Tyler-Smith C, Mc Elreavey K. 2001. Y-chromosome lineages trace diffusion of people and languages in southwestern Asia. Am J Hum Genet 68:537–542. Rakshit, Hirendra K. 1980. Ethnohistory of the tribal population of middle India. J Ind Anthropol Soc 15:97-112. Ramachandran S, Deshpande O, Roseman CC, Rosenberg NA, Feldman MW, Cavalli-Sforza LL. 2005. Support from the relationship of genetic and geographic distance in human populations for a serial founder effect originating in Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102: 15942-15947 Ramana GV, Su B, Jin L, Singh L, Wang N, Underhill P, Chakraborty R. 2001. Y-chromosome SNP haplotypes suggest evidence of gene flow among caste, tribe and the migrant Siddi populations of Andhra Pradesh, South India. Eu J Hum Genet 9:695-700. Ramsay M, Jenkins T. 1987. Globin gene-associated restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms in southern African peoples. Am J Hum Genet 41:1132-l 144. Ratnagar S. 1995. Archaeological perspectives of early Indian societies. In: Thapar R, editor. Recent perspectives of early Indian history. Bombay: Popular Prakashan. p 1–52. Ray N. 1973. Nationalism in India. Aligarh: Aligarh Muslim University. Reddy BM. 2001. R-matrix analysis and patterns of gene flow in India. Hum Biol 73:57-69. Reddy BM, Langstieh BT, Kumar V, Nagaraja T, Aruna M, Thangaraj K, Reddy ANS, Reddy AG, Singh L. 2007. Austro-Asiatic tribes of northeast India provide missing genetic link between south and southeast Asia. PLoS ONE 2:e1141. Reddy BM, Naidu VM, Madhavi VK, Thangaraj LK, Kumar V, Langstieh BT, Venkatramana P, Reddy AG, Singh L. 2005. Microsatellite diversity in Andhra Pradesh, India: genetic stratification versus social stratification. Hum Biol 77:803-823. Reddy BM, Reddy PC. 2001. Population structure and the patterns of Dermatoglyphic variation in Andhra Pradesh, India. Int J Hum Genet 1:203-209.

References


Reddy BM, Sun G, Luis JR, Crawford MH, Hemam NS, Deka R. 2001 Genomic diversity at thirteen short tandem repeat loci in a substructured caste population, Golla, of southern Andhra Pradesh, India. Hum Biol 73: 175–190. Reed TE, Schull WJ. 1968. A general maximum likelihood estimation program. Am J Hum Genet 20:579-580. Reich D, Thangaraj K, Patterson N, Price AL, Singh L. 2009. Reconstructing Indian population history. Nature 461: 489-495. Reich DE, Cargill M, Bolk S, Ireland J, Sabeti PC, Richter DJ, Lavery T, Kouyoumjian R, Farhadian SF, Ward R, Lander ES. 2001. Linkage disequilibrium in the human genome. Nature 411:199-204. Relethford JH. 1985. Examination of the relationship between inbreeding and population size. J Biosoc Sci 17:97-106. Relethford JH, Harpending HC. 1994. Craniometric variation, genetic theory and modern human origins. Am J Phys Anthropol 95:249-270. Renfrew C. 1987. Archaeology and language: The puzzle of Indo-European origins. London: Jonathan Cape. Renner O. 1914. Befruchtung und Embryobilding bei Oenothera lamarckiana und einigennverwandten Arten. Flora 107:115-150. Reuss FF. 1809. Mem. Soc. Imperiale Naturalistes. Moscow 2:327. Richards EJ. 2006. Inherited epigenetic variation–revisiting soft inheritance. Nat Rev Genet 7:395–401. Richards M, Macaulay V, Hickey E, Vega E, Sykes B, Guida V, Rengo C, Sellitto D, Cruciani F, Kivisild T, Villems R, Thomas M, Rychkov S, Rychkov O, Rychkov Y, Gölge M, Dimitrov D, Hill E, Bradley D, Romano V, Calì F, Vona G, Demaine A, Papiha S, Triantaphyllidis C, Stefanescu G, Hatina J, Belledi M, Di Rienzo A, Novelletto A, Oppenheim A, Nørby S, Al-Zaheri N, Santachiara-Benerecetti S, Scozari R, Torroni A, Bandelt HJ. 2000. Tracing European Founder Lineages in the Near Eastern mtDNA Pool. Am J Hum Genet 67:1251–1276.

References


Rieder MJ, Taylor SL, Clark AG, Nickerson DA. 1999. Sequence variation in the human angiotensin converting enzyme. Nat Genet 22:59–62.

Rigat B, Hubert C, Alhenc-Gelas F, Cambien F, Corvol P, Soubrier F. 1990. An insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene accounting for half the variance of serum enzyme levels. J Clin Invest 86:1343-1346.

Rinehart FP, Ritch TG, Deininger PL, Schmid CW. 1981. Renaturation rate studies of a single family of interspersed repeated sequences in human deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochemistry 20:3003-3010.

Risley H. 1908. The People of India. Calcutta: Thacker Spink and Company.

Risley H. 1915. The People of India. Delhi: Orient Book Reprint Corporation.

Romualdi C, Balding D, Nasidze IS, Risch G, Robichaux M, Sherry ST, Stoneking M, Batzer MA, Barbujani G. 2002. Patterns of human diversity, within and among continents, inferred from biallelic DNA polymorphisms. Genome Res 12:602-12.

Rosenberg NA, Mahajan S, Ramachandran S, Zhao C, Pritchard JK, Feldman MW. 2005. Clines, Clusters, and the Effect of Study Design on the Inference of Human Population Structure. Plos Genet 1:e70

Roychoudhury AK, Nei M. 1988. Human Polymorphic Genes: World Distribution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Rural Health Statistics (RHS) in India Bulletin. 2006. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare: Government of India.

Sahoo S, Kashyap VK 2006. Phylogeography of mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome haplo-groups reveal asymmetric gene flow in populations of Eastern India. Am J Phys Anthropol 131:84-97.

Saiki RK, Gelfand DH, Stoffel S, Scharf SJ, Higuchi R, Horn GT, Mullis KB, Erlich HA. 1988. Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science 239:487-491.

References


Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR. 1977. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74:5463–5467. Sanghvi LD. 1953. Comparison of genetical and morphological methods for a study of biological differences. Am J Phys Anthropol 11:385-404. Saraswathy KN, Kiranmala N, Murry B, Sinha E, Saksena D, Kaur H, Sachdeva MP, Kalla AK. 2009a. A genomic insight into diversity among tribal and nontribal population groups of Manipur, India. Biochem Genet 47: 694–706. Saraswathy KN, Meitei SY, Gupta V, Murry B, Sachdeva MP. 2010. Allelic and haploypic structure at DRD2 locus among five North Indian caste populations. Am J Phy Anthrop 141: 651-657. Saraswathy KN, Meitei SY, Murry B, Devi NK, Sinha E, Gupta V, Mukhopadhyay R, Asghar Md, Devi NA, Meitei KS, Sachdeva MP. 2009b. Population severance in Manipur at DRD2 locus. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 13: 831-839. Saraswathy KN, Mukhopadhyay R, Shukla D, Kaur H, Sachdeva MP, Rao AP, Saksena D, Kalla AK. 2009c. Haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium at DRD2 locus-a study on four population groups of Andhra Pradesh, India. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 13: 115-119. Saraswathy KN, Sachdeva MP, Mukhopadhyay R, Shukla D, Kiranmala DN, Rawat S, Rao AP, Kalla AK. 2008. Diversified genomic contribution among south Indian populations – A study on four endogamous groups of Andhra Pradesh. Ann Hum Biol 35:499-508. Sarkar SS. 1954. The Aboriginal Races of India. Calcutta: Bookland Limited. Satta Y, Takahata N. 2004. The distribution of the ancestral haplotype in finite stepping-stone models with population expansion. Mol Ecol 13:877–886. Scharfetter J, Chaudhry HR, Hornik K, Fuchs K, Sieghart W, Kasper S, Aschauer HN. 1999. Dopamine D3 receptor gene polymorphism and response to clozapine in schizophrenic Pakastani patients. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 10:17-20. Seielstad M. 1998. Genetic evidence for a higher female migration rate in humans. Nat Genet 20:278-280.

References


Sengupta S, Zhivotovsky LA, King R, Mehdi SK, Edmonds CA, Chow TC-E, Lin AA, Mitra M, Sil SK, Ramesh A, Usha Rani MV, Thakur CM, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Majumder PP, Underhill PA. 2006. Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists. Am J Hum Genet 78:202-221.

Sharma S, Rai E, Sharma P, Jena M, Singh S, Darvishi K, Bhat AK,Bhanwer AJS, Tiwari PK, Bamezai NK. 2009. The Indian origin of paternal R1a1* substantiates the autochthonous origin of Brahmins and the caste system. J Hum Genet 54: 47-55.

Shen MR, Batzer MA, Deininger PL. 1991. Evolution of the master Alu gene(s). J Mol Evol 33:311-320.

Simmons A, Rodríguez-Larralde A, Rodríguez-Arroyo G. 2007. Admixture estimates based on ABO, Rh and nine STRs in two Venezuelan regions. Ann Hum Biol 34:56–67.

Simpson GG. 1944. Tempo and Mode in Evolution. New York: Columbia University Press.

Simpson GG. 1949. The Meaning of Evolution. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Simpson GG. 1953. The Major Features of Evolution. New York: Columbia University Press.

Sirajuddin SM, Duggirala R, Crawford MH. 1994. Population-structure of the Chenchu and other south Indian tribal groups—relationships between genetic, anthropometric, dermatoglyphic, geographic, and linguistic distances. Hum Biol 66: 865–884.

Sitalaxmi T, Trivedi R, Kashyap VK. 2003. Microsatellite diversity among three endogamous Tamil populations suggests their origin from a separate Dravidian genetic pool. Hum Biol 75:673-685.

Slatkin M, Excoffier L. 1996. Testing for linkage disequilibrium in genotypic data using the EM algorithm. Heredity 76:377-383.

References


Smit AFA. 1996. The origin of interspersed repeats in the human genome. Curr Opin Genet Dev 6:743–748. Smith CH. 2004. Wallace's Unfinished Business. The “Other Man” in evolutionary theory: Essays & Commentaries. Complexity 10:25-32. Smith F. 1992. The role of continuity in modern human origins. In: Brauer G, Smith F, editors. Continuity or replacement? Controversies in Homo sapiens evolution. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Balkema. p 145-156. Smith FH, Spencer F. 1984. The Origins of Modern Humans: A World Survey of the Fossil Evidence. New York: Liss. Sneath PHA, Sokal RR. 1973. Numerical Taxonomy. San Francisco: Freeman. Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. 1967. Statistical Methods. 6th edition. Ames: Iowa State University Press. Sokoloff P, Giros B, Martres MP, Bouthenet ML, Schwartz JC. 1990. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel dopamine receptor (D3) as a target for neuroleptics. Nature 347:146-51. Sparkes RS, Lan N, Klisak I, Mohandas T, Diep A, Kojis T, Heinzmann C, Shih JC. 1991. Assignment of a serotonin 5HT-2 receptor gene (HTR2) to human chromosome 13q14-q21 and mouse chromosome 14. Genomics 9:461-5. Sparkes RS, Zollman S, Klisak I, Kirchgessner TG, Komaromy MC, Mohandas T, Schotz MC, Lusis AJ. 1987. Human genes involved in lipolysis of plasma lipoproteins: mapping of loci for lipoprotein lipase to 8p22 and hepatic lipase to 15q21. Genomics 1:138-144. Spedini G, walter H, Capucci MF, Rickards O, Aebischer ML, Crosti N. 1983. An anthropological study in Basse Kotto (Central Africa).Erythrocyte and Sero-genetic markers: An analysis of the genetic differentiation. Am J Phys Anthropol 60:39-47. Spurdle A, Jenkins T. 1996. The origins of the Lemba "Black Jews" of Southern Africa: evidence from p12F2 and other Y-Chromosome markers. Am J Hum Genet 59:1126-1133.

References


Stebbins GL. 1950. Variation and Evolution in Plants. New York: Columbia University Press. Stinissen P, Van Broeckhoven C. 1991. PCR detection of the frequent TaqI RFLP at locus D21S13E. Nucleic Acids Res. 19:2516. Stinissen P, Vandenberghe A, Van Broeckhoven C. 1990. PCR detection of two RFLP's at the D21S13 locus. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:3672. Stoneking M, Fontius JJ, Clifford SL, Soodyall H, Arcot SS, Saha N, Jenkins T, Tahir MA, Deininger PL, Batzer MA. 1997. Alu insertion polymorphisms and human evolution: evidence for a larger population size in Africa. Genome Res 7:1061–1071. Stringer C. 2000. Palaeoanthroplogy: Coasting out of Africa. Nature 405:24-25. Stringer C. 2002. Modern human origins: progress and prospects. Phil Trans R Soc Lond 357:563-579. Stringer C, McKie R. 1996. African Exodus: The Origins of Modern Humanity. New York: Henry Holt. Sutton M, Bouhassira EE, Nagel RL. 1989. Polymerase chain reaction amplification applied to the determination of β-like globin gene cluster haplotypes. Am J Haematology 32:66-69. Takahata N, Lee SH, Satta Y. 2001. Testing multiregionality of modern human origins. Mol Biol Evol 18:172–183. Tanaka Y, Tarumi T. 1995. Handbook of statistical analysis for Windows (in Japanese). Tokyo: Kyoritu-shuppan. Templeton AR. 1997. Out of Africa? What do genes tell us? Curr Opi Genet Dev 7:841-847. Templeton AR. 2002. Out of Africa again and again. Nature 416:45-51. Templeton AR, Clark AG, Weiss KM, Nickerson DA, Boerwinkle E, Sing CF. 2000. Recombinational and mutational hotspots within the human lipoprotein lipase gene. Am J Hum Genet 66:69-83.

References


Terreros MC, Martinez L, Herrera RJ. 2005. Polymorphic Alu insertions and Genetic Diversity among African populations. Hum Biol 77:675-704. Thangaraj K, Sridhar V, Kivisild T, Reddy AG, Chaubey G, Singh VK, Kaur S, Agarawal P, Rai A, Gupta J, Mallick CB, Kumar N, Velavan TP, Suganthan R, Udaykumar D, Kumar R, Mishra R, Khan A, Annapurna C, Singh L. 2005. Different population histories of the Mundari- and Mon-Khmer-speaking Austro-Asiatic tribes inferred from the mtDNA 9-bp deletion/insertion polymorphism in Indian populations. Hum Genet 116:507-517. Thanseem I, Thangaraj K, Chaubey G, Singh VK, Bhaskar LVKS, Reddy BM, Reddy AG, Singh L. 2006. Genetic affinities among the lower castes and tribal groups of India: inference from Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA. BMC Genetics 7:42. Thapar R. 1966. A history of India. Vol 1. Middlesex: Penguin. Thapar R. 1995. The first millennium B.C. in northern India (up to the end of Mauryan period). In: Thapar R, editor. Recent perspectives of early Indian history. Bombay, India: Popular Prakashan. p 80–141. Thapar R. 2003. Early India: From the origins to AD 1300. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. The International HapMap Consortium. 2003. The International HapMap Project. Nature 426:789-796. The International HapMap Consortium. 2005. A Haplotype Map of the Human Genome. Nature 437:1299-1320. The International HapMap Consortium. 2007. A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs. Nature 449:851-861. The International HapMap Consortium. 2010. Integrating common and rare genetic variation in diverse human populations. Nature 467:52-58. Thomsen O, Friedenreich V, Worsaae E. 1930. Über die Moglichkeit der Existenzzweier neuer Blutgruppen; auch ein Beitrag zur Beleuchtung sogennanter Untergruppen. Acta Path Microbiol Scand 7:157.

References


Thomson R, Pritchard JK, S Peidong, Oefner PJ, Feldman MW. 2000. Recent common ancestry of human Y chromosomes: Evidence from DNA sequence data. Proc Natl Acad Sci 97:7360–7365. Tiret L, Ducimetière P, Bonnardeaux A, Soubrier F, Poirier O, Ricard S, Cambien F, Marques-Vidal P, Evans A, Kee F, Arveiler D, Luc G. 1994. Synergistic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin-II type 1 receptor gene polymorphisms on risk of myocardial infarction. Lancet 344:910-913. Tishkoff S, Dietzsch E, Speed W, Pakstis A, Kidd J, Cheung K, Bonné-Tamir B, Santachiara-Benerecetti A, Moral P, Krings M. 1996. Global patterns of linkage disequilibrium at the CD4 locus and modern human origins. Science 271:1380-1387. Tishkoff SA, Goldman A, Calafell F, Speed WC, Deinard AS, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. 1998. A global haplotype analysis of the myotonic dystrophy locus: implications for the evolution of modern humans and for the origin of myotonic dystrophy mutations. Am J Hum Genet 62:1389–1402. Tishkoff SA, Pakstis AJ, Stoneking M, Kidd JR, Destro-Bisol G, Sanjantila A, Deinard AS, Sirugo G, Jenkins T, Kidd KK, Clark AG. 2000. Short tandem repeat polymorphism/Alu haplotype variation at the PLAT locus: implications for modern human origins. Am J Hum Genet 67:901-925. Torroni A, Wallace DC. 1995. MtDNA haplogroups in Native Americans. Am J Hum Genet 56:1234–1238. Trabuchet G, Elion J, Baudot G, Pagnier J, Bouhass R, Nigon VM, Labie D, Krishnamoorthy R. 1991. Origin and spread of beta-globin gene mutations in India, Africa, and Mediterranea: analysis of the 5' flanking and intragenic sequences of beta S and beta C genes. Hum Biol 63:241-252. Tschermak E. 1900. Über Künstliche Kreuzung bei Pisum sativum. Berichte der Deutsche Botanischen Gesellschaft 18:232-239. English Translation: Tschermak E. 1950. Concerning artificial crossing in Pisum sativum. Genetics 35:42-47. Tsirka SE, Gualandris A, Amaral DG, Strickland S. 1995. Excitotoxin-induced neuronal degeneration and seizure are mediated by tissue plasminogen activator. Nature 377:340-344.

References


Uma Mahesh KSS, Aggarwal A, Bhasker MV, Mukhopadhyay R, Saraswathy KN. 2011. Distribution Pattern of HbS and β-globin Gene Haplotypes among Koya Dora Tribe of Andhra Pradesh. Int J Hum Genet 11:123-126. Underhill PA, Passarino G, Lin A, Shen P, Lahr M, Foley R, Oefner P, Cavalli-Sforza L. 2001. The phylogeography of Y chromosome binary haplotypes and the origins of modern human populations. Ann Hum Genet 65:43-62. Underhill PA, Shen P, Lin AA, Jin L, Passarino G, Yang WH, Kauffman E, Bonne´-Tamir B, Bertranpetit J, Francalacci P, Ibrahim M, Jenkins T, Kidd JR, Mehdi SQ, Seielstad MT, Wells RS, Piazza A, Davis RW, Feldman MW, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Oefner PJ. 2000. Y chromosome sequence variation and the history of human populations. Nat Genet 26:358–361. Valsad District Handbook. 2001. Gujarat: Government of Gujarat. Varawalla NY, Fitches AC, Old JM. 1992. Analysis of beta-globin gene haplotypes in Asian Indians: origin and spread of beta-thalassaemia on the Indian subcontinent. Hum Genet 90:443-449. Veerraju P, Demarchi DA, Lakshmi N, Rao TV. 2008. Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms in Indian Tribal Populations. Int J Hum Genet 8: 75-83. Veerraju P, Rao TV, Lakshmi N, Reshmi S, Dey B, Majumder PP. 2001. Insertion/Deletion DNA polymorphisms in two south Indian tribal populations. Int J Hum Genet 1:129–132. Vigilant LA, Wilson AC, Harpending H. 1991. African populations and the evolution of human mitochondrial DNA. Science 253:1503-1507. Vishwanathan H, Deepa E, Cordaux R, Stoneking M, Rani MVU, Majumder PP. 2004. Genetic structure and affinities among tribal populations of southern India: a study of 24 autosomal DNA markers. Ann Hum Genet 68:128–138. Vishwanathan H, Edwin D, Usha Rani MV, Majumder PP. 2003. A survey of haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium at the DRD2 locus in the Nilgiri hill tribes, South India. Curr Sci 84:566–570.

References


Vogel F, Motulsky AG. 1997. Human Genetics: Problems and Approaches. Berlin: Springer.

Wainscoat JS, Higgs DR, Kanavakis E, Cao A, Geogrgiou D, Clegg JB, Weatherall DJ. 1983. Association of two DNA polymorphisms in the α-globin gene cluster Multiple origins of the sickle mutation; evidence from beta S globin gene cluster polymorphism. Mol Biol Med 1:191.

Wainscoat JS, Hill AVS, Boyce AL, Flint J, Hernandez M, Thein SL, Old JM, Lynch JR, Falusi AG, Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB. 1986. Evolutionary relationships of human populations from an analysis of nuclear DNA polymorphisms. Nature 319:491-493.

Wall JD, Przeworski M. 2000. When did the human population size start increasing? Genetics 155:1865–1874.

Wallace AR. 1858. On the Tendency of Varieties to Depart Indefinitely From the Original Type. J Proc Linnean Soc Zoo 3:53–62.

Wallace AR. 1889. Darwinism: An Exposition of the Theory of Natural Selection, with Some of Its Applications (1912 ed.). New York and London: Macmillan and Company.

Wallace BE. 1968. Topics in Population Genetics. New York: Norton.

Wallace MR, Anderson LB, Saulino AM, Gregory PE, Glover TW, Collins FS. 1991. A de novo Alu insertion results in neurofibromatosis type 1. Nature 353:864-866.

Warren JT Jr, Peacock ML, Rodriguez LC, Fink JK. 1993. An MspI polymorphism in the hyman serotonin receptor gene (HTR2): detection by DGGE and RFLP analysis. Hum Mol Genet 2:338.

Watkins WS, Prasad BV, Naidu JM, Rao BB, Bhanu BA, Ramachandran B, Das PK, Gai PB, Reddy PC, Reddy PG, Sethuraman M, Bamshad MJ, Jorde LB. 2005. Diversity and divergence among the tribal populations of India. Ann Hum Genet 69:680-692.

References


Watkins WS, Ricker CE, Bamshad MJ, Carroll ML, Nguyen SV, Batzer MA, Harpending HC, Rogers AR, Jorde LB. 2001. Patterns of ancestral human diversity: An analysis of Alu-insertion and restriction-site polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet 68:738-752.

Watkins WS, Rogers AR, Ostler CT, Wooding S, Bamshad MJ, Brassington AME, Carroll ML, Nguyen SV, Walker, Prasad BVR, Reddy PG, Das PK, Batzer MA, Jorde LB. 2003. Genetic Variation Among World Populations: Inferences From 100 Alu Insertion Polymorphisms. Genome Res 13:1607-1618.

Watson JD, Crick FHC. 1953. A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. Nature 171: 737-738.

Weinberg W. 1908. Über den Nachweis der Vererbung beim Menschen. Jahresh Verein f vaterl Naturk Württem 64:368-382. English Translation: On the demonstration of heredity in Man. In: Boyer SH, editor. Papers on Human Genetics. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs. p 4-15.

Weiner AS, Peters HR. 1940. Hemolytic reactions following transfusions of blood of the homologous group, with three cases in which the same agglutinogen was responsible. Am Int Med 13:2306.

Willbold D, Rosch P. 1996. Solution Structure of the Human CD4 (403-419) Receptor Peptide. J Biomed Sci 3:435-441.

Wolpoff MH, Hawks J, Caspari R. 2000. Multiregional, Not Multiple Origins. Am J Phys Anthrop 112:129-136.

Wolpoff MH, Wu X, Thorne AG. 1984. Modern Homo sapiens origins: a general theory of hominid evolution involving the fossil evidence from east Asia. In: Smith FH, Spencer F, editors. The origins of modern humans. New York: Alan R. Liss. p 411-483.

Wright S. 1921. Systems of mating. The biometric relations between parent and offspring. Genetics 6:111-123.

References


Wright S. 1931. Evolution in Mendelian populations. Genetics 16:97–159. Wright S. 1943. Isolation by distance. Genetics 28:114-138. Wright S. 1951. The genetical structure of populations. Ann Eugen 15:323–354. Yu N, Zhao Z, Fu Y-X, Sambuughin N, Ramsay M, Jenkins T, Leskinen L, Patthy L, Jorde LB, Kuromori T, Li W-H. 2001. Global patterns of human DNA sequence variation in a 10-kb region on chromosome 1. Mol Biol Evol 18:214–222. Zago MA, Silva WA, Dalle B. 2000. Atypical βS haplotypes are generated by diverse genetic mechanisms. Am J Hematol 63:79-84. Zhang K, Akey JM, Wang N, Xiong M, Chakraborty R, Jin L. 2003. Randomly distributed crossovers may generate block like patterns of linkage disequilibrium: an act of genetic drift. Hum Genet 113:51-59. Zhao Z, Jin L, Fu YX, Ramsay M, Jenkins T, Leskinen E, Pamilo P, Trexler M, Patthy L, Jorde LB, Ramos-Onsins S, Yu N, Li W-H. 2000. Worldwide DNA sequence variation in a 10-kilobase noncoding region on human chromosome 22. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:11354–11358. Zhu X, Luke A, Cooper RS, Quertermous T, Harris C, Mosley T, Gu CC, Tang H, Rao DC, Risch N, Weder A. 2005. Admixture mapping for hypertension loci with genome-scan markers. Nat Genet 37:177-181. Zischler H, Geisert H, Haeseler A von, Paabo S. 1995. A nuclear ‘fossil’ of the mitochondrial D-loop and the origin of modern humans. Nature 378:489–492. Zuckerkandl E, Latter G, Jurka J. 1989. Maintenance of function without selection: Alu sequences as "cheap genes". J Mol Evol 29:504-512. Zuckerkandl E, Pauling L. 1962. Molecular disease, evolution and genic heterogeneity. In: Kasha M, Pullman B, editors. Horizons in Biochemistry. New York: Academic Press. p 189-225. Zuckerkandl E, Pauling L. 1965. Evolutionary divergence and convergence in proteins. In: Bryson V, Vogel HJ, editors. Evolving Genes and Proteins. New York: Academic Press. p 97-166.

Date post:	29-Aug-2019
Category:	Documents
Upload:	lamnhu
View:	215 times
Download:	0 times

References - INFLIBNETshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/6492/12/12_references.pdf ·...

Documents