Region V Overview

9th Ozone Research Managers Meeting

Geneva 14th-1th May 2014

Matt TullyBureau of Meteorology, Australia

9th Ozone Research Managers MeetingGeneva, 14th-16th May, 2014

Region V

Overview of Observational Activities

Dobsons

Macquarie Island

MelbournePerth

DarwinBrisbane

Lauder

Mauna Loa

Samoa

SingaporeManila

Longstanding Dobson sites

• Mauna Loa: 1957 - present• Brisbane: 1957 – present• Aspendale/Melbourne: 1957 - present• Wellington/Invercargill/Lauder: 1957 -

present• Macquarie Island: 1957 - present• Perth: 1969 - present• Samoa: 1975 - present• Manila: 1978 – present• Singapore: 1979 – present

Brewers

Petaling Jaya(Bandung)

Ozonesondes

Broadmeadows

Macquarie Island

Lauder

Suva (Fiji)Watukosek (Java)

Sepang Airport

Hilo

Samoa

Region V Countries in Antarctica

Davis (Australia) Ozonesondes

Region V Countries in Antarctica

Arrival Heights (New Zealand) Dobson

Antarctic measurements

Arrival Heights total column measurements(top) Ozone (Dobson)(2nd) ClO (ClOE)(3rd) BrO slant column (UV/Vis)(4th) HCl (FTIR)(5th) HNO3 (FTIR)(bottom) NO2 (UV/Vis)

AHTS is among the best-instrumented sites in Antarctica, and key to Antarctic ozone science.

UV Spectrometer

UV/Vis

FTIR

FTIR, LIDAR, Microwave, UV/Vis, UV Spectrometer

Ongoing long time series at Lauder

• Stratospheric NO2 since 1981 (33 years)

• Ozonesondes since 1986 (28 years)• Dobson Ozone since 1987 (27 years)• UV Spectrometers since 1989 (25 years)• Ozone LIDAR since 1994 (20 years)• Microwave radiometers since 1994 (20

years)• TEI in situ ozone analyser since 2004 (10

years)

Cape Grim – Ozone Depleting Substances and Greenhouse Gases (In Situ)

Analysis of Observations

Brewer #116 Bandung (Repaired and recalibrated under Vienna Convention Trust

Fund 2006)

Melbourne Dobson record 1978-2012 reprocessed following Hradec Kralove workshop

MOD data

Dobson

11 year running mean

Tully, Klekociuk and Rhodes, Atmos. Ocean 2013

Lauder Dobson

Melbourne Dobson

Lauder Dobson

Melbourne Dobson

Perth Dobson

Brisbane Dobson

Modelling

Chemistry-Climate Modelling at NIWAMean annual cycle to total-column ozone in NIWA-UKCA all-forcings ensemble, 1995-2004. Contours: TOMS climatology

Annual- and zonal-mean ozone in all-forcings ensemble.

Annual- and zonal-mean ozone in fixed-ODS simulation.

Annual- and zonal-mean ozone in fixed-GHG simulation.

Climate-ozone coupling

Three-months mean Southern Annular Mode index for 1979-2008, based on surface pressure, in all-forcings simulations, fixed-ODS simulations, and ERA-Interim. Significant positive trends in REF-C2 in spring and summer seasons. No trends in fixed-ODS simulation.Ozone depletion is driving climate change in spring and summer.

Modelling at Bodeker Scientific Revell, L. E., Bodeker, G. E., Huck, P. E., Williamson, B. E., and Rozanov, E.: The

sensitivity of stratospheric ozone changes through the 21st century to N2O and CH4, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2012.

Some Scientific Issues

- Influence of ozone changes on surface climate (especially precipitation) in Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes

- Links between ozone depletion and Antarctic sea-ice- Influence of the Antarctic Ozone Hole on seasonal

prediction in the SH - Resolving differences between datasets and model

results in the tropics- Better quantification of ozone changes in the UT/LS

(especially in the tropics)- The optimal level of UV Exposure for humans

Other Issues

• Financial commitment to support long term monitoring programs

• Isolation from the rest of the world (this has improved over the last few years, in part helped by ozone work within Australia and New Zealand becoming much better co-ordinated)

• The maintenance of the Bodeker Scientific global total column ozone database and the vertically resolved ozone database has ceased due to lack of funding

Capacity Building – some recommendations from Indonesia

• Requires a strong support in capacity building at the technician and research levels to continue both with monitoring and relevant research

• Needed financial support for travel to meetings, seminars and workshops abroad.

• Ozone and UV (measurement of UV index) network in Indonesia must be continue and maintained.

• Still needed assistance for calibration and maintenance of instrumentations which can not be done in Indonesia due to the lack of budget spare parts and experts.

Matt Tully+61 3 9669 4139M.Tully@bom.gov.au

Thank you…