Regional level Poverty Analysis, Urbanshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/18172/14/14... ·...

Chapter IX

Regional level Poverty Analysis, Urban

9.1 Poverty Incidence across NSSO region, Overall- Urban

The table below innumerate's the incidences of poverty in urban areas of NSSO

regions. We find that incidences vary from being 0% to a high of 66%. There are

thirty three regions which show above urban all India average of poverty. The lowest

rates are seen for all the north-eastern regions of the country.

Table: 9.1.1 Poverty Incidence across NSSO regions, overall- Urban

Regions Poor Regions Poor Regions Poor Regions Poor

Maharashtra 4 66.2% Maharashtra 2 36.8% Haryana 2 23.3% Punjab 2 8.8%'

M.P6 57.1% Uttaranchal 36.5% T.N4 22.6% Gujarat 3 8.0%

Kamataka 4 57.0% Rajasthan 2 36.0% A.P I 21.9% Tripura 5.6%

Orissa 2 55.0% Maharashtra 6 35.8% T.N2 21.0% Punjab I 5.1%

M.P2 48.8% Bihar 2 35.1% Tharkhand 20.3% Manipur2 5.0%

Maharashtra 3 48.2% M.PI 34.6% W.B4 17.1% J &K I 4.1% . M.P4 47.6% T.N3 34.5% T.N 1 16.5% Assam 1 4.0%

Maharashtra 5 46.9% Kerla I 33.5% Gujarat 2 16.5% J&K2 3.9%

Orissa I 44.1% M.P3 32.6% Delhi 16.3% Assam 2 3.5%

M.P5 43.7% Rajasthan I 30.0% Gujarat I 15.6% H.P 3.2%

U.P4 43.0% Kamataka2 29.0% W.BI 15.4% Arunachal 2.6%

Orissa 3 42.9% Gujarat 4 28.5% Maharashtra I 14.5% Assam 3 1.4%

Kamataka 1 42.9% A.P2 28.2% Kamataka 3 14.1% Sikkim 1.1%

Chattisgarh 42.2% U.P I 28.0% Kerla 2 12.5% Manipur 1 0.4%

A.P3 41.3% W.B2 26.5% Gujarat 5 12.4% Meghalaya 0.1%

Bihar I 38.6% Rajasthan 4 25.0% Haryana I 11.2% Nagaland 0.0

U.P3 37.5% U.P 2 24.6% W.B3 10.5% Mizoram I 0.0

A.P4 37.2% Rajasthan 3 23.6% J &K3 9.2% Total 25.9%

Looking narrowly at the regions, we can see from the map given below as well that

the regions which fall in the highest poverty range of above 52.96% are inland central

Maharashtra, northern in M.P, southern Orissa and inland northern Karnataka. The

second rage of 39.73% to 52.96% we find the regions of central, southern and south

western M.P, coastal and northern Orissa, inland eastern and inland northern

Maharashtra and Chattisghar. While the third range which is just above overall urban

Poverty and NSS region. Urban

average rate of26%, finds the regions ofUttarakband, eastern and western U.P, Bihar,

Malwa and northern M.P, eastern and inland western Maharashtra, western and north

eastern Rajasthan, northern plains of Gujarat, inland northern and inland southern

A.P, inland southern, northern Kerala and southern T.N.

Map: 9.1.(i) India NSSO regional level

Poverty Incidence - Urban (2004-05)

Incid .. ce (%) ;0. 52.915 3U3-52.8t1 KAO-31.72 13..25 · 28.48 <13.25

.. A./Sw. : .. : N$SReglon

A

•

9.1.a Share of poor districts in total NSSO regional districts, Overall - Urban

We look closely at the regions which fall in the top three poverty ranges and examine

the district share for the major regions. In the first range, we find that nearly 50% of

the districts in Karnataka, 26% in Orissa and 22% in Maharashtra suffer from poverty

rates of 52% and more. In the second range, we find all the districts of Chattisghar,

73% of districts in Orissa, 44% in M.P, 31 % in Maharashtra standing out. While in

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the third range we find all the districts of Bihar and Uttaranchal, 75% ofU.P, 71% of

Rajasthan, 52% in A.P, 40% in M.P and 34% in Maharashtra.

Table: 9.1.a.l Share of Poor Districts in Total NSSO Regional Districts, Overall- Urban

Poverty Range Poor Total Number of Number of Number of Districts to Districts in the districts in the Total Districts in the

state region State (%)

52.97 < Maharashtra 4 66.2% 35 8 22.86

M.P6 57.1% 45 7 15.56

Kamataka4 57.0% 27 13 48.15

Orissa 2 55.0% 30 8 26.67

39.73 - 52.96 M.P2 48.8% 45 6 13.33

M.P4 47.6% 45 8 17.78

M.P5 43.7% 45 6 13.33

44.44

Maharashtra 3 48.2% 35 4 11.43

Maharashtra 5 46.9% 35 7 20.00

31.43

Orissa 1 44.1% 30 11 36.67

Orissa 3 42.9% 30 11 36.67

73.33 u.p 4 43.0% 70 7 10.00

Kamataka 1 42.9% 27 3 ILl 1

Chattisgarh 42.2% 16 16 100.00 AP3 41.3% 23 2 8.70

26.49 - 39.72 Bihar 1 38.6% 37 19 51.35

Bihar 2 35.1% 37 18 48.65

100.00 V.P3 37.5% 70 27 38.57

u.P 1 28.0% 70 26 37.14

75.71

AP4 37.2% 23 2 8.70

AP2 28.2% 23 10 43.48

52.17

Maharashtra 2 36.8% 35 6 17.14

Maharashtra 6 35.8% 35 6 17.14

34.29

Rajasthan 2 36.0% 32 12 37.50

Rajasthan 1 30.0% 32 11 34.38

71.88

M.Pl 34.6% 45 8 17.78

M.P3 32.6% 45 10 22.22

40.00 Kerla 1 33.5% 14 6 42.86

T.N3 34.5% 30 9 30.00

VttaranchaI 36.5% 13 13 100.00 Kamataka 2 29.0% 27 4 14.81

Gujarat 4 28.5% 24 3 12.50

280

Poverty and NSS region, Urban

9.1.b Distribution of the poor across NSSO regions, Overall - Urban

Next we look at the distribution of all India urban poor across the NSSO regions .

Regions which command more than a 4% share each of the urban poor are eastern and

western u.P, inland western Maharashtra and inland northern Karnataka. In the

second range of a population share of between 2% and 3.80%, we find a large number

Map: 9.1.b.(i) India Pover ty Incidence by Social Group (Others) for

NSSO Regions, Urban (2004-05)

PopulatIon Share (%) > 3.80 0.91 - 3.80 < 0.91

/ .... / State .. / ....... / NSS Region

200 0 200 400 Kilometers e---s;;; !

A

. \ ",

of regions of the country falling. These include the entire states of Uttarakhand, Bihar,

lharkhand, Chattisghar, M.P and Kerla, along with central U.P, northern and eastern

Rajasthan, northern plains of Gujarat, all regions of Maharashtra except inland

western, all regions of A.P except inland southern, all regions of Kamataka except

28 1


southern inland and all regions of T.N except the coastal. All the remaining regions

fall in the last range. Thus barring the regions falling in the first range, we fmd that

most of the urban poor are distributed more or less evenly across the regions of the

country. Comparing the regions which suffer from the highest incidence of poverty

with the regions which show the highest share of the poor, we find only one region

which is common to both, namely the inland northern region of Karnataka.

9.2 Poverty Incidence for the ST across NSSO region - Urban

We now move to identify regions of high poverty for the ST, in urban areas. In the

high poverty range of above 69.70%, we find the regions of central Bihar, southern

T.N, southern Orissa, south-eastern Rajasthan and inland northern Karnataka showing

up. Here the first two regions show incidence of 100%.

Map: 9.2.(i) India Poverty Incidence by Social Group (ST) for


Pow.." '_nee f~t ~81l.70

48.'1 · 89.70 19.71·41.10 0.11 -111.70 .. 0.10

" I ... .•.. . ~. NSS tt.gIon

~o 0 :zoo 400 K lOIN""

282


This could be due to a small sample, but it does indicate the level of plight in this

region. The second range of poverty incidence from 48.11 % to 69.70% includes the

regions of Uttarakhand, eastern U.P, northern and coastal Orissa, south, south-west

and northern M.P, inland eastern and inland northern Maharashtra and finally coastal

and inland northern and southern A.P.

Table: 9.2.1 Poverty Incidence for the ST across NSSO region - Urban

ST ST ST ST


Bihar 2 100.0% Orissa 1 52.4% Kerla 2 18.2% J &K3 0

T.N3 100.0% Maharashtra 4 48.1% Maharashtra 1 18.2% Punjab 1 0

Orissa 2 85.2% Gujarat I 43.7% Assam 1 12.1% Haryana 1 0.0%

Rajasthan 4 82.4% Jharkhand 42.5% Gujarat 2 7.9% Haryana 2 0.0%

Kamataka4 81.6% Chattisgarh 42.1% Manipur 2 7.8% Delhi 0.0%

Rajasthan 1 69.7% Karnataka 3 40.8% W.B4 6.7% u.p 1 0.0%

Uttaranchal 69.0% Maharashtra 2 37.4% Rajasthan 3 5.2% Bihar 1 0.0%

M.P5 67.8% Kerla I 36.3% Gujarat 5 4.7% Nagaland 0.0%

Maharashtra 6 64.5% MP3 34.9% Arunachal 3.9% Manipur 1 0.0%

M.P4 60.9% M.PI 32.9% Assam 3 3.1% Mizoram 1 0.0%

Maharashtra 3 60.5% M.P2 31.9% U.P4 3.1% W.B2 0.0%

Maharashtra 5 59.3% W.B3 28.6% H.P 2.4% Gujarat 4 0.0%

Orissa 3 59.2% Punjab 2 25.8% Assam 2 0.2% A.P3 0.0%

U.P3 56.1% W.Bl 23.4% Tripura 0.2% Kamataka 1 0.0%

M.P6 55.0% U.P2 21.2% Meghalaya 0.1% T.Nl 0.0%

A.P4 54.6% Kamataka 2 20.9% Sikkim 0.1% T.N2 0.0%

A.P 1 52.7% Gujarat 3 19.7% J &K 1 0 T.N4 0.0%

A.P2 52.4% Rajasthan 2 19.5% J&K2 0 Total 33.9%

In the third range, with poverty incidences of 19.71 % to 48.10%, if we focus only on

regions which suffer from above average (33.9% for ST urban) rates, then we find the

regions of Malwa in M.P, northern Kerala, inland western and inland central

Maharashtra, inland southern Karnataka, eastern Gujarat, Chattisghar and lharkhand.

9.2.a Share of poor districts in total NSSO regional districts, ST - Urban

We look at the district share of each of the region, as a proportion of the total number

of districts in the state, falling in one of the top three incidence ranges. In the fist

range the highest share are seen for central Bihar and inland northern Karnataka at

48% each. The regions falling in the second range account for 100% of the districts in

Uttarakhand, 91 % in A.P, 73% in Orissa, 46% in M.P, 42% in Maharashtra and 38%

in U.P. In the third range, we find all the districts of lharkhand and Chattisghar, 53%

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of M.P, 52% of Punjab, 50% of W.B, 42% of Kerla, 41 % of Gujarat and 41 % of

Maharashtra.

Table: 9.2.a.l NSSO regional level Poverty Incidence (ST)- Urban Poverty Range Regions Poor Total Number of Districts in Number of Districts to Total

% Districts in the state the region Districts in the State (%)

69.71 < Bihar 2 100.0% 37 18 48.65

T.N3 100.0% 30 9 30.00

Orissa 2 85.2% 30 8 26.67

Rajasthan 4 82.4% 32 5 15.63

Kamataka 4 81.6% 27 13 48.15

48.11 - 69.70 Rajasthan I 69.7% 32 II 34.38

Uttaranchal 69.0% 13 13 100.00

M.P5 ·67.8% 45 6 13.33

M.P4 60.9% 45 8 17.78

M.P6 55.0% 45 7 15.56

46.67

Maharashtra 6 64.5% 35 4 11.43

Maharashtra 3 60.5% 35 4 11.43

Maharashtra 5 59.3% 35 7 20.00

42.86

Orissa 3 59.2% 30 11 36.67

Orissa 1 52.4% 30 11 36.67

73.33

U.P3 56.1% 70 27 38.57

AP4 54.6% 23 2 8.70

AP 1 52.7% 23 9 39.13

AP2 52.4% 23 10 43.48

91.30 •

19.71 -48.10 Maharashtra 4 48.1% 35 8 22.86

Maharashtra 2 37.4% 35 6 17.14

40.00

Gujarat 1 43.7% 24 10 41.67

lharkhand 42.5% 18 18 100.00

Chattisgarh 42.1% 16 16 100.00

Kamataka 3 40.8% 27 7 25.93

Kerla 1 36.3% 14 6 42.86

M.P3 34.9% 45 10 22.22

M.P1 32.9% 45 8 17.78

M.P2 31.9% 45 6 13.33

53.33

W.B3 28.6% 18 6 33.33

W.B1 23.4% 18 3 16.67

50.00

Punjab 2 25.8% 17 9 52.94

U.P2 21.2% 70 10 14.29

Kamataka 2 20.9% 27 4 14.81

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9.2.b Distribution of the poor across NSSO regions, ST-Urban

Moving on we locate the poor by looking at their distribution across the regions.

Regions which account for above 4 % population shares are the state of Chattisghar

and inland northern Karnataka, state of lharkhand, northern Orissa, southern M.P,

inland eastern and inland northern Maharashtra and coastal and inland northern A.P

Map: 9.2.b.(i) India Distribution of Poor among Social Group (ST)

across NSSO Regions, Urban (2004-05)

PoplJl8llon Sh8re >4.00 1.01-"00 1.01-2.00 0.Q6-1 .00 <0.06

...... ../Sta .. . . ' .. .: NSS Region

A

In the second range of2.01% to 4% the regions ofvindhya, Malwa and south-west in

M.P, southern Orissa, coastal and inland southern Maharashtra and inland south

Karnataka and southern plains of Gujarat are found. In the third range eastern UP,

central Bihar, central plains of W.B, coastal Orissa, western and north-eastern

Rajasthan, northern M.P, eastern Gujarat, eastern Maharashtra and southern T.N

285


Comparing the regions here in the first two ranges with those, which show up as

suffering with high poverty incidences seen in the first two ranges from the incidence

map, we notice the regions of inland northern Karnataka, northern Orissa, northern

A.P, south-west in MP, show up as common and thus not only show high poverty

incidences but also large population share of the urban ST poor.

The top ten regions account for 57% of the ST poor in urban areas, while the next ten

make up 26% of the same. Interestingly the ST dominated states and regions of the

north-east account for almost zero percentage of the population shares.

Table: 9.2.b.l Distribution of ST poor across NSSO region, ST - Urban

Regions Share Regions Share Regions Share Regions Share

Chattisgarh 9.4% T.N3 1.9% Kamataka 2 0.2% J&K3 0

Kamataka4 7.3% Gujarat 1 1.8% Rajasthan 3 0.2% Punjab 1 0

Orissa 3 6.6% Total 26.6% Assam 1 0.1%' Haryana 1 0.0%

Tharkhand 6.4% u.p 3 1.8% Kerla 1 0.1% Haryana 2 0.0%

Maharashtra 5 6.4% Maharashtra 6 1.7% W.B4 0.1% Delhi 0.0%

A.P 1 4.9% Orissa 1 1.4% Ar.P 0.1% U.P 1 0.0%

A.P2 4.5% Rajasthan 2 1.4% Manipur2 0.1% Bihar 1 0.0%

M.P4 4.4% Rajasthan 1 1.2% Assam 3 0.1% Nagaland 0.0%

Maharashtra 3 4.1% M.P6 1.2% Gujarat 5 0.0% Manipur 1 0.0%

Orissa 2 3.9% Bihar 2 1.1% Punjab 2 0.0% Mizoram 1 0.0%

Total 57.8% M.P2 0.9% U.P4 0.0% W.B2 0.0%

M.P3 3.5% Maharashtra 4 0.8% H.P 0.0% Gujarat 4 0.0%

Gujarat 3 3.2% Uttaranchal 0.7% Assam 2 0.0% A.P3 0.0%

Maharashtra 2 3.1% A.P4 0.5% Meghalaya 0.0% Kamataka 1 0.0%

Maharashtra 1 3.0% W.Bl 0.4% Tripura 0.0% T.Nl 0.0%

M.P5 2.7% Rajasthan 4 0.4% Sikkim 0.0% T.N2 0.0%

Kamataka 3 2.7% U.P2 0.4% J &K 1 0 T.N4 0.0%

M.P 1 2.7% Gujarat 2 0.3% J&K2 0 Total 100.0%

W.B3 2.0% Kerla 2 0.2%

9.3 Poverty Incidence for the SC across NSSO region - Urban

For the urban SC, we notice that incidences are as high as seen for the ST above.

Barring the 100% incidence level seen for two regions for the ST, in comparison the,

highest rates for the SC are at 83%. Region of highest poverty for the urban SC are,

entire states of Orissa and Uttarakhand, northern Bihar, northern, central and Malwa

regions of M.P and inland central Maharashtra. In the second range of 49% to 69%

we find the regions of eastern U.P, central Bihar, southern, south-western and Malwa

regions of M.P, north-eastern and south-eastern regions of Rajasthan, the eastern,

286


inland eastern, inland northern and inland southern regions of Maharashtra, inland

northern Karnataka, south-western and inland southern A.P, southern T.N and

Chattisghar. In addition, the regions falling in the third range with above average rates

. t

Map: 9.3. (i) India Poverty Incidence by Social Group (SC) for


"overty incidence (%) > 69.30 49.21 - 69.30 20.81 - 49.20 3.11 -20.80 < 3.1 0

.1\ I State : .... ..,> NSS Region

200 0 200 400 Kilometers ~

A

.# . \ ... ,

(39% for urban SC) are inland eastern Maharashtra, western and southern Rajasthan,

inland T.N, northern Kerla, western u.p and the states of lharkhand and Delhi.

9.3.a Share of poor districts in total NSSO regional districts, SC - Urban

We now look at the share of the districts falling in regions with different levels of

poverty in the total number of districts in the respective states. Starting with the first

range, we notice 51 % of the districts in Bihar, 46% in M.P, while all in Orissa and

Uttaranchal suffer from the highest rates of poverty. In the second range we can see

287


Table: 9.3.a.l NSSO regional level Poverty Incidence (SC) Urban

Poverty Regions Poor Total Number of Number of Number of Districts to Range Districts in the districts in the Total Districts in the

state region State (%)

69.31 < M.P2 81.7% 45 6 13.33

M.P6 77.7% 45 7 15.56

M.PI 74.7% 45 8 17.78

46.67

Orissa 2 78.4% 30 8 26.67

Orissa 3 76.7% 30 II 36.67

Orissa I 71.8% 30 II 36.67

100.00

Bihar 1 71.8% 37 19 51.35

Uttaranchal 70.1% 13 13 100.00

49.21 - 69.30 Rajasthan 4 65.6% 32 5 15.63

Rajasthan 2 57.7% 32 12 37.50

53.13

M.P5 59.1% 45 6 13.33

M.P4 55.8% 45 8 17.78

M.P3 53.7% 45 JO 22.22

53.33

Kamataka 4 67.9% 27 13 48.15

T.N3 62.9% 30 9 30.00

Bihar 2 62.8% 37 18 48.65

U.P3 59.9% 70 26 37.14

AP 4 59.5% 23 2 8.70

AP3 52.3% 23 2 8.70

Maharashtra 6 50.6% 35 4 11.43

Maharashtra 5 49.2% 35 7 20.00

Maharashtra 3 55.5% 35 4 11.43

Maharashtra 2 55.4% 35 6 17.14

Maharashtra 4 69.3% 35 8 22.86

82.86

Chattisgarh 52.7% 16 16 100.00

20.81 -49.20 Rajasthan 1 48.9% 32 11 34.38

Tharkhand 48.8% 18 18 100.00

Kamataka I 35.6% 27 3 1l.l1

Kamataka 2 29.8% 27 4 14.81

25.93

AP 1 35.5% 23 9 39.13

AP2 28.8% 23 10 43.48

82.61

T.Nl 34.6% 30 7 23.33

T.N2 34.4% 30 8 26.67

50.00

W.B2 31.8% 18 6 33.33

W.B4 24.2% 18 3 16.67

W.B3 24.2% 18 6 33.33

W.BI 21.9% 18 3 16.67

100.00

Haryana 1 32.0% 19 12 63.16

Gujarat 5 31.3% 24 6 25.00

Kerla 2 25.9% 14 8 57.14

288


all the districts in Chattisghar, 82% in Maharashtra, more than 50% in Rajasthan and

M.P and 48% in Karnataka and Bihar each. In the last range we can see that all the

districts in W.B and lharkhand, 82 % in A.P, 63% in Haryana, 50% in T.N and 25%

in Karnataka fall in this range.

9.3.b Distribution of the poor across NSSO regions, SC - Urban

Looking at the distribution of the urban SC poor, we find that the regions with the

highest shares of above 4% are western U.P, north-eastern Rajasthan and inland

central and inland southern Maharashtra. In the second range we find the regions of

central and eastern u.P, northern M.P, central plains of W.B, coastal A.P, inland

eastern, inland northern and costal Maharashtra, inland northern and inland southern

Karnataka and coastal north and inland T.N.

Map: 9.3.b.(i) India Distribution of Poor among Social Group (SC)

across NSSO Regions, Urban (2004-05)

289

f'opuliltlon ailnl r~} >4.00 2.G1 . 4..00 1.G1 ·2-00 0.06 · 1.00 < O.C16

.I\'/Stil .. :'-' . • . HSS R-uion

A


If we look at the distribution of the SC urban poor across the NSSO regions, we find

that the top ten regions account for around 44% of the population. The next ten

regions make up for another 21 % of the population share.

Table: 9.3.b.l Distribution of All India Poor across NSS regions (SC) - Urban


Delhi 7.5% Orissa 3 1.7% M.P4 0.9% Karnataka 2 0.1%

Rajasthan 2 5.8% Total 21.9% M.P5 0.9% Tripura 0.1%

Maharashtra 2 5.0% AP 2 1.7% Maharashtra 6 0.8% 1 &K 1 0.1%

U.P 1 4.6% Bihar 2 l.6% Gujarat 2 0.7% Assam 2 0.1%

Maharashtra 4 4.1% T~N 3 l.6% Punjab 2 0.7% H.P 0.0%

W.B3 3.8% Haryana 1 l.6% Rajasthan 4 0.7% Assam 1 0.0%

Karnataka 4 3.7% M.P2 1.5% Kerla 1 0.7% 1 &K2. 0.0%

T.N 1 3.3% Bihar 1 1.5% Haryana 2 0.7% Sikkim 0.0%

M.P6 3.2% Iharkhand 1.5% W.B4 0.6% Manipur 1 0.0%

U.P3 3.1% W.B2 l.5% Kerla 2 0.6% 1 &K3 0

Total 44.2% Orissa 1 1.4% T.N2 0.5% Arunachal 0.0%

u.P 2 3.0% Uttaranchal 1.4% Rajasthan 3 0.5% Nagaland 0.0%

AP 1 2.9% M.P3 1.4% Gujarat 5 0.5% . Manipur 2 0.0%

Maharashtra 1 2.8% U.P4 1.4% W.B 1 0.4% Mizoram 1 0.0%

T.N4 2.7% Chattisgarh 1.4% Gujarat 3 0.3% Meghalaya 0.0%

Maharashtra 5 2.4% Punjab 1 1.1% Gujarat 1 0.2% Assam 3 0.0%

Maharashtra 3 2.3% M.P 1 1.1% Orissa 2 0.2% Gujarat 4 0.0%

Karnataka 3 2.2% AP3 l.0% Karnataka 1 0.1% Total 100.0%

Rajasthan 1 l.9% AP4 l.0%

9.4 Poverty Incidence for the OTH across NSSO region - Urban

Moving on to the last category of social group, the OTH, we begin by looking at the

incidence of poverty amongst them across NSSO regions. The highest incidence for

this group is of 65%, much lower than that seen for the ST and the SC. From the

incidence map below we can see that only two regions namely inland central

Maharashtra and inland northern Karnataka fall in the highest incidence range of

above 48%. Most regions fall in the second range of between 19.6% and 48.4%. The

entire states of Uttarakhand, U.P, Bihar, Chattisghar, Orissa, M.P, all regions of

Rajasthan except south-eastern, eastern plains ofW.B, northern Gujarat, all regions of

Maharashtra except coastal and inland central, coastal and inland eastern, all regions

of A.P except the coastal, northern Kerala and coastal and southern T.N fall in the

290

• I ..


Map: 9.4.(i) India Poverty Incidence by Social Group (Others)

for NSSO Regions, Urban (2004-05)

Poverty Incidence (%1 >48.40 19.81 - 48.40 9.21 -19.80 0.41 -9.20 < 0.41

:''.1 State :/-..: ... NSS Region

200 0 200 400 Kilometers ~ !

A

. \

... " ~

Second range which covers most of the national regions.

9.S Distribution of the poor across NSSO regions, OTH - Urban

Moving on to the distribution of the urban poor from the OTH social group, we find

that the highest shares of population, of above 4%, are found in the regions of eastern

and western U.P, inland eastern, inland southern and coastal Maharashtra and inland

northern Karnataka. Next the region with a share of between 2.01 % and 4% are,

central U.P, central Bihar, north-eastern Rajasthan, Malwa in M.P, the state of

Chattisghar, inland northern and central Maharashtra, coastal and inland northern A.P

and northern and southern T.N.

291


Map: 9.5 (i) India Distribution of Poor among Social Group

(Others) across NSSO Regions, Urban (2004-05)

pQl:IU .. lIOn Shanll%f "4.00 2.01 .4.00 1.01 - 2.00 0.06-1 .00 c o.08

l\/SWte :-- . . : .. NSS Region

•

9.6 Comparing poverty incidences across social groups for NSSO regions -Urban

Comparing the high incidence regions with the high share regions, only for the first

range, we find only northern inland Karnataka showing up as common. For the

second range we find that all the regions showing up in the distribution map also

show up in the incidence map except for inland central Maharashtra, coastal A.P and

coastal T.N.

Comparing incidence of poverty across social groups, we notice that in 21 regions, the

incidence is highest for the ST, while it is highest for the SC in 37 regions .

292

Regions

1 &K 1

1 &K2

1 &K3

H.P

Punjab 1

Punjab 2

Uttaranchal

Haryana 1

Haryana 2

Delhi

Rajasthan 1

Rajasthan 2

Rajasthan 3

Rajasthan 4

u.p 1

U.P2

U.P3

U.P4

Bihar 1

Bihar 2

Assam 1

Assam 2

Assam 3

W.B 1

W.B2

W.B3

W.B4

lharkhand

Orissa 1

Orissa 2

Orissa 3

Chattisgarh

M.P 1


Table: 9.6.1 Incidence of Poverty within NSSO Regions across Social Groups - Urban

ST SC OTH Regions ST SC 12.5 2.3 M.P2 3l.9 8l.7

3.2 4.2 M.P3 34.9 53.7

9.2 M.P4 60.9 55.8

2.4 5.0 2.8 M.P5 67.8 59.1

12.3 2.3 M.P6 55.0 77.7

25.8 19.2 5.4 Gujarat 1 43.7 11.8

69.0 70.1 29.3 Gujarat 2 7.9 20.8

32.0 6.5 Gujarat 3 19.7 10.1

36.5 20.4 Gujarat 4

40.5 8.3 Gujarat 5 4.7 31.3

69.7 48.9 26.0 Maharashtra 1 18.2 18.5

19.5 57.7 29.4 Maharashtra 2 37.4 55.4

5.2 43.6 20.1 Maharashtra 3 60.5 55.5

82.4 65.6 15.5 Maharashtra 4 48.1 69.3

4l.0 26.4 Maharashtra 5 59.3 49.2

2l.2 38.3 21.7 Maharashtra 6 64.5 50.6

56.1 59.9 34.2 AP 1 52.7 35.5

3.1 38.6 45.7 AP2 52.4 28.8

7l.8 32.4 AP 3 52.3

100.0 62.8 32.3 AP 4 54.6 59.5

12.1 3.4 3.9 Kamataka 1 35.6

0.2 6.8 3.4 Kamataka 2 20.9 29.8

3.1 Kamataka 3 40.8 36.3

23.4 2l.9 1l.6 Kamataka4 8l.6 67.9

3l.8 25.0 Goa 42.0

28.6 24.2 7.4 Kerla 1 36.3 43.5

6.7 24.2 14.0 Kerla 2 18.2 25.9

42.5 48.8 l3.0 T.N 1 34.6

52.4 7l.8 39.8 T.N2 34.4

85.2 78.4 43.7 T.N3 100.0 62.9

59.2 76.7 3l.4 T.N4 44.2

42.1 52.7 40.3 Total 39.0 41.1

32.9 74.7 28.3

OTH 44.6

30.0

44.1

39.0

48.4

l3.5

16.2

6.8

28.5

1l.2

l3.7

32.4

45.4

65.3

45.6

29.0

18.4

27.2

39.4

3l.7

43.4

29.1

10.2

53.8

15.7

32.4

11.4

13.1

19.6

3l.2

17.6

22.8

On the other hand we find that the incidence is seen to be the highest for the OTH

social group only in 4 NSSO regions. Thus we find that even in the urban areas, and

within NSSO regions which are similar in terms of agro-c1imatic conditions and sate

policies, poverty incidences vary drastically across social groups. Thus we observe

that our last hypothesis is seen to be accepted in the urban areas as well.

293

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