41
REGIONAL SEMINARS 2015
2
Engineering & Utilities Organization
Acts as an internal utility to Harvard University
Not core funded, rather funded by rate payers for
delivered utilities
Produce Steam, Chilled Water and Electric
Blackstone Steam Plant – peak at 300 k/pph in winter
Blackstone Steam Plant – 5 MW back pressure turbine
Blackstone Steam Plant – 7 MW combustion turbine
(new)
Two Chilled Water Plants – 18,500 tons capacity
Purchase Electricity on the open market
50 MW peak campus microgrid
3
Steam Distribution Chilled Water Distribution Electric Distribution
7 miles of direct buried and 2 miles of tunnel
Condensate piped back to plant ~85-90% returned
Distribution in the north part of campus
Expanding the system to the south
Distribution at 15 kV; all underground
Eight stations that interface with the local utility
4
Automated Meter Reading (AMR) – 2009
E&U has connected 90% of the total supplied load Various meter types
RS-485 “smart” meters
4-20 mA analog
Digital pulse
Maintains a central historian for all collected information in the Harvard University data center OSIsoft PI Data Archive
Makes the information available for billing, building managers, operations personnel and students
5
AMR Overview
Electric
Meter
Chilled
Water
Meter
RS-485
ModBus
RTU
Condensate
Flow (mag)
Meter
Condensate
Totalizer
Drum
MeterDigital
pulse
4-20 mA
Metering
PLC
ModBus
Ethernet TCP/IP
Interface
Server
Central
Database
Historian
Billing
Interface
Billing
Report
ServerClient
Interface
Client
Web
Server
HU General
Population
HU General
Population
Real Time Monitoring +
Trending
Billing Interface + GHG
Reporting
Facility
(PI DataArchive)
(PI OLEDB Provider)
6
OSIsoft PI System Products
• Data historian for AMR is a PI Data Archive running on a virtual
server located at our main data center
• We have the PI Interface for Modbus Ethernet for data
collection
• We use PI DataLink at our main client terminal in our office
• We have PI ProcessBook running on our client machine
• We have a Web server running the PI WebParts to serve up data
remotely
7
Steam Use Metering
8
Steam Metering
• Deliver steam at 400 oF and 100 psi
• Historically we meter condensate leaving a facility
• Started to meter steam flow in
• Drum meter, very reliable– Pulsed totalizer output
– Cost ~ 5k
– Calibration – almost never
• V-Cone steam flow meter– Advanced flow computer
– Cost ~ $15-30k
– Calibration – twice a year
9
Steam Metering Cont.
• On the surface, the steam meter
output seems much better
Condensate Flow Meter
14-Jan-12 00:00:00 233,180,928 11,952
14-Jan-12 01:00:00 233,193,280 12,247
14-Jan-12 02:00:00 233,205,632 12,027
14-Jan-12 03:00:00 233,217,984 11,092
14-Jan-12 04:00:00 233,229,680 12,220
14-Jan-12 05:00:00 233,242,608 13,480
14-Jan-12 06:00:00 233,256,272 14,651
14-Jan-12 07:00:00 233,271,280 15,055
14-Jan-12 08:00:00 233,286,880 13,774
14-Jan-12 09:00:00 233,301,184 13,290
14-Jan-12 10:00:00 233,314,832 13,316
14-Jan-12 11:00:00 233,329,072 14,258
14-Jan-12 12:00:00 233,343,424 13,765
14-Jan-12 13:00:00 233,357,728 14,085
14-Jan-12 14:00:00 233,372,032 14,149
14-Jan-12 15:00:00 233,386,912 13,680
14-Jan-12 16:00:00 233,401,216 15,588
14-Jan-12 17:00:00 233,417,472 15,994
14-Jan-12 18:00:00 233,433,712 16,291
14-Jan-12 19:00:00 233,450,032 16,923
14-Jan-12 20:00:00 233,467,584 16,551
14-Jan-12 21:00:00 233,485,072 16,911
14-Jan-12 22:00:00 233,502,608 17,150
14-Jan-12 23:00:00 233,520,160 15,291
15-Jan-12 00:00:00 233,535,824 15,719
15-Jan-12 01:00:00 233,552,080 15,474
The pulse output just gives total pounds
The steam meter output is much richer:
Flow ratePressure
Temperature
10
Steam Metering Cont.
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
09
-Mar
-12
01
:00
:00
09
-Mar
-12
05
:00
:00
09
-Mar
-12
09
:00
:00
09
-Mar
-12
13
:00
:00
09
-Mar
-12
17
:00
:00
09
-Mar
-12
21
:00
:00
10
-Mar
-12
01
:00
:00
10
-Mar
-12
05
:00
:00
10
-Mar
-12
09
:00
:00
10
-Mar
-12
13
:00
:00
10
-Mar
-12
17
:00
:00
10
-Mar
-12
21
:00
:00
11
-Mar
-12
01
:00
:00
11
-Mar
-12
06
:00
:00
11
-Mar
-12
10
:00
:00
11
-Mar
-12
14
:00
:00
11
-Mar
-12
18
:00
:00
11
-Mar
-12
22
:00
:00
12
-Mar
-12
02
:00
:00
12
-Mar
-12
06
:00
:00
12
-Mar
-12
10
:00
:00
12
-Mar
-12
14
:00
:00
12
-Mar
-12
18
:00
:00
12
-Mar
-12
22
:00
:00
13
-Mar
-12
02
:00
:00
13
-Mar
-12
06
:00
:00
13
-Mar
-12
10
:00
:00
Flo
wra
te (
#/h
r)NWL Steam Flow and Condensate Comparison
Condensate
Steam Flow
11
Electric Metering
12
Electric Demand Metering
• In the billing system we typically recorded kWh and kW demand
• Using the AMR system we were able to stop visiting the meters, but what about the demand?
Usage Peak Demand Peak Demand
July 264,439 443.29 496.83
August 260,279 477.71 489.67
September 283,234 497.97 491.15
October 268,481 839.75 493.17
November 284,924 491.72 496.34
December 256,537 489.37 491.25
January 269,392 468.96 464.41
February 286,151 493.38 477.77
March 257,576 482.46 496.83
April 253,369 466.93 499.18
May 271,685 473.35 480.34
June 272,034 478.88 480.03
Tot al_Consum pt ion Tot al Dem and Tot al Dem and
Tot Usg / Max Dmd 3,228,101 840 4993,244,468 829,704 486
FY2014 FY2015 FY2016
Tot al_Consum pt ion Tot al_Consum pt ion Tot al Dem and
286,474 0 0.00
269,426 0 0.00
262,110 0 0.00
261,607 0 0.00
291,224 0 0.00
246,960 0 0.00
282,801 0 0.00
267,221 0 0.00
268,292 276,057 486.32
269,987 0 0.00
263,020 270,471 479.95
275,346 283,176 483.58
Month FY2014 FY2015 FY2016
Usage Usage Peak Demand
Meter: CE1 761B - NW Lab USA 52A
Utility Type: Electric, Demand Units = kW ; Usage Units = kWh
13
Electric Demand Metering Cont.
Using the PI Performance Equations we created a tag to do 15
minute block demand.
We then built another tag that ratcheted up each month based on
the peak demand, with a reset at the end of the billing cycle.
event = Building-CalcDemand-Meter1, if TagVal('Building-
CalcDemand-Meter1') = "Shutdown" then PrevVal('Building-
MonthDemand-Meter1', '*-15m') else if Day('*')=17 and
Day(PrevEvent('Building-CalcDemand-Meter1', '*'))<>17 then
TagVal('Building-CalcDemand-Meter1') else Max(TagVal('Building-
CalcDemand-Meter1'), TagVal('Building-MonthDemand-Meter1'))
14
Utility Service Sizing
15
Existing Electric Service
• William James Hall
– Built in the 60’s
– Double ended main electric service
• Main transformers 1000 kVA
• Tie transformer 500 kVA
• Existing project to update the service
16
Existing Electric Service Cont.
• Building use has changed over the years
17
New Electric Service
• Dunster House
– Built in the 40’s
– Upper class dorm
– 170,000 GSF
– Modeled after Europe
• Resident dean
• Library
• Meeting spaces
• Kitchen & dining
• Resident tutors
18
Existing Electric Service Cont.
• House renewal to
completely renovate
• All new utility services
• Engineer of Record used
historical data (in blue)
and code to size service
– Conservatively sized
(600 kVA) – TOO BIG
– Use the data to help
reduce the service on the
next house
19
Steam Conductivity
20
Blackstone Plant Makeup Water
• Two services fed from the local water utility
• Upgraded water treatment in 2006
– Multi media filters
– Reverse osmosis system
– Water softeners
– Chemical treatment
• Treated conductivity < 20 mS/cm
21
High Conductivity Reads – Prior Procedure
• Plant personnel receive a high conductivity alarm
– Notify the distribution group
– Possibly dump all returns
• Distribution personnel
– Send workers with hand held meters to the “usual suspects”
– Possibly dump large areas to alleviate plant dumping
22
Distribution Conductivity Sensor Location
• Pilot project added sensors in eleven locations throughout the
distribution
23
LISE Installation
• Large science building
– New construction 2006
– Peak demand +8,000 pph
– Direct use: steam to hot water converters
24
Mill Street District Receivers
• Collects returns from several
dorms and kitchens
– All buildings 80+ years old
– Hot water converters
– Direct heating
– Kitchen use
25
Temperature Effects
• LISE – built 2007, 140,000 GSF
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
28
-Jan
-13
28
-Jan
-13
29
-Jan
-13
30
-Jan
-13
30
-Jan
-13
31
-Jan
-13
1-F
eb-1
3
2-F
eb-1
3
2-F
eb-1
3
3-F
eb-1
3
4-F
eb-1
3
5-F
eb-1
3
5-F
eb-1
3
6-F
eb-1
3
7-F
eb-1
3
8-F
eb-1
3
8-F
eb-1
3
9-F
eb-1
3
10
-Fe
b-1
3
11
-Fe
b-1
3
11
-Fe
b-1
3
Co
nd
en
sate
Te
mp
(o
F)
Ste
am F
low
(#/
hr)
Steam Flow
Condensate Temp
26
Operations Monitoring via PI ProcessBook
27
Storm Monitoring of Tunnel
28
15 kV Station Monitoring
29
Chilled Water Plant Overview
30
Chilled Water Plant Detail
31
Steam Plant Detail
32
Operations Monitoring via PI WebParts
33
Steam Plant Operator Use
Plant operators can react to pressure
drops due to demand spikes in real time
34
Individual Facility Overviews
• Central facility
view for schools
• Data in real time
• Variable trends
35
Individual Facility Overviews Cont.
36
Demand Response
37
Demand Response
• We have yearly demand charges from
the regional ISO operator
– Measured use on the
time the grid peaks
• We monitor use and
call for voluntary
electric curtailment
• Yearly savings
$200-300k
REGIONAL SEMINARS 2015
• •
•
•
•
•
REGIONAL SEMINARS 2015
Please wait for the
microphone before asking
your questions
Complete the Survey
for this session
State your
name & company
REGIONAL SEMINARS 2015
