REGIONAL WORKSHOP

FOR RESOURCE

MOBILIZATION FOR

ASIA AND PACIFIC.

Bangkok, 6th-8th May

2014 Biodiversity related Expenditures in India

By

Dr. Satish C. Garkoti, Director, MoEF

1

Resources Mobilization for

what ?

Answer:

For implementing the National

Biodiversity Action Plan(NBAP)

2

Whether the NBAP prepared?

Answer is Yes.

NBAP for India was formulated

through a comprehensive inter-

ministerial consultation process and

was approved by the Government

of India in the year 2008.

3

Biodiversity Facts About India

India was one of the first countries to have a proactive

legislation and enacted a comprehensive Biological Diversity

Act in 2002.

The Biodiversity Rules were notified in 2004.

This Act is being implemented through a three tier structure:

4

BDA,2002

National Level

NBA

State Level

SBBs

Local Level

BMCs

Biodiversity Facts About India

India adopted National Environmental

Policy(NEP) in 2006.

The NBAP was prepared by revising and

updating the National Policy and Macro-

level Action Strategy on Biodiversity

developed in 1999 and using the FTR of

the NBSAP project in order to achieve

consonance between NBAP an NEP.

5

Biodiversity Facts About India

India is therefore pioneer in developing

NBAP, which was rather developed prior

to CBD Strategic Plan for Biodiversity,

2011-2020.

In the light of SP 2011-2020 and Aichi

Biodiversity Targets, India has undertaken

a process of updating its NBAP in order to

further build synergies between NBAP and

Aichi Biodiversity Targets.

6

Biodiversity Facts About India India is amongst the few countries that have developed

a bio-geographic classification for conservation planning and mapped biodiversity-rich areas in the country supporting 18% of human and cattle population.

Out of 34 global biodiversity hotspots, four are present in India, namely:

The Himalaya

The Western Ghats The North-East, and The Nicobar Islands

These hotspots support 60% of species and have high endemism, and are therefore areas of global conservation concern.

7

Biodiversity Facts About India

India is also among selected countries in the

World that have developed their own National

Biodiversity Targets aligned with Aichi Biodiversity

Targets.

The National Biodiversity Targets and Monitoring

framework have been developed on the basis of

extensive consultation s with range of

stakeholders and a review of the programmes

and activities being undertaken by relevant

Ministries/ Departments in the Government of

India, SBBs and NGOs.

8

Biodiversity Facts About India

Mainstreaming strategies , is an important process by way of which the non-environmental Ministries having cross cutting mandates could actively involve in implementation of the NBAP

along with

NBA, SBBs, State Forest Departments, State Planning Boards and relevant departments of State Governments, such as Fisheries, Agriculture, Livestock and Animal Husbandry, Forests, Mining & Education;

Local Level Institutions such as Biodiversity Management Committee(BMCs), Village Eco-development Committees(VEDCs), Joint Forest Management Committees(JFMCs) and Gram Sabha(Village Assemblies)

9

Resources Mobilization for

what?

Answer :

For implementation of the NBAP and also Monitoring framework.

10

What is the funding support

for Biodiversity Conservation? The Resource flows to the biodiversity sector

include:

(1) Direct core funding & non-core funding (that

originates from the budgetary resources of the MoEF), and

(2) Indirect peripheral funding, which comprises development budgetary resources that are allocated by other scientific and development Ministries/Departments of the GOI towards programmes that have a bearing on biodiversity conservation.

11

Financial overview of schemes

of MoEF

There has been a steady increase in the budgetary

allocation of MoEF since 1992 under all major heads.

From an average annual outlay of Rs.2,800 million in

1992-1993 (96.55 million USD at April 1992 exchange

rate), the outlay in 2013-2014 was Rs.24,300 million

(477.59 million USD at an exchange rate of 1 USD =

Rs.62.08 in February 2014).

The 11th Plan (2007-2012) approved budgetary outlay

for MoEF was Rs.100,000 million whereas the 12th Plan

(2012-2017) approved budgetary outlay for MoEF is

Rs.178,740 million. This is an increase of 78.74%

12

MoEF's core funding for biodiversity

conservation during 2013-2014

Out of the MoEF's aggregate budget of Rs.2430

crores(Rs.24300 million) for the year 2013-2014, the amount of

core funding for biodiversity conservation, i.e., funding of

schemes which are directly relevant to biodiversity

conservation, is Rs.1564.34 crores(Rs.15643.4 million).

The same for years 2012-13, 2011-12 and 2010-11 is given in

Table in next slide(For 2013-2014, this is an increase of Rs.486

crores or approximately 45% of the core funding amount for

the year 2010-2011).

13

Schemes 2010-2011

(Rs. In

Crores)

2011-2012

(Rs. In

Crores)

2012-2013

(Rs. In

Crores)

2013-2014

(Rs. In

Crores)

Forestry and

Wildlife

793.24 927.08 898.94 1195.83

Research and

Development for

Conservation

104.69 68.94 166.70 153.51

Conservation of

Natural

Resources

29.2 80.00 94.00 90.00

NCMP 151 267.60 25.00 125.00

Total 1078.13 1343.62 1184.64 1564.34

Core Funding for Biodiversity Conservation

14

MoEF's non-core funding for biodiversity

conservation during 2013-2014

The net leverageable non-core funding by the MoEF

[on other schemes such as pollution control,

hazardous substance management, impact

assessment, etc.] is Rs.2,598 million [As these

programmes contribute to biodiversity conservation

only indirectly, a multiplier approach has been

applied], as was done when India made its

submission to CoP-11 of the CBD in September 2012,

wherein 30% of the allocation under these schemes,

i.e., has been considered to be attributable to

biodiversity conservation.

15

Outlays at the State level Apart from the MoEF, each State and Union

Territory (UT) in India also allocates part of its

budget for expenditure on the environment.

According to the Budget Document of States,

provided by the Planning Commission, for 2013-

2014, the core funding by State Governments is Rs.50,255.7 million (Rs.5025.57 crores or USD 810.47

million at 1USD = Rs.62.08 in February 2014).

16

Indirect Peripheral funding: Biodiversity-

related programmes of allied Ministries

Of the 52 Ministries/Departments of the GOI, 23

Ministries/Departments (in addition to the MoEF) were

identified as having a bearing on biodiversity conservation

as they fund and implement biodiversity-related

programmes.

These 23 Ministries/Departments were identified on the basis

of an extensive review of the RFDs of the 52

Ministries/Departments, information available in annual

reports/websites of Ministries/Departments and institutions, as

well as inputs provided by officials, scientists and other

stakeholders at the individual level and from a range of

organizations from different regions of the country.

17

Indirect Peripheral funding: Biodiversity-

related programmes of allied Ministries

As in the case of non-core funding for biodiversity under the MoEF's schemes, a multiplier approach has been applied to assess the biodiversity component of leverageable peripheral funding of the schemes implemented by other Ministries/Departments since the entire amount allocated to them cannot be attributed to biodiversity.

Accordingly, depending on the potential ability of a scheme to contribute to biodiversity, varying multipliers have been used for determining the funds attributable to biodiversity conservation.

18

Indirect Peripheral funding: Biodiversity-

related programmes of allied Ministries

In this assessment of funding, the credibility of the

data is high as data are from

Ministries'/Departments' Demand for Grants and

other publicly available budget documents.

However, there is some degree of subjectivity with

regard to the multipliers used for determining

allocations considered to be attributable to biodiversity.

To address this concern, consultations were

undertaken with the concerned Ministries/Departments with a view to confirming

these data.

19

Peripheral funding: Biodiversity-related

programmes of allied Ministries

Using this method of calculation, an amount of Rs.23547.4 million can be considered as the net leverageable peripheral funding for biodiversity for 2013-2014 under 77 relevant schemes of 23 Ministries/Departments of the GOI other than the MoEF.

It is expected that in India's attempt to further mainstream biodiversity, the number of Ministries/Departments identified may change and the estimates for leverageable funding for biodiversity may increase.

There are a number of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) that work very actively for the environment in general and for biodiversity in particular. In addition to Central and State Government funding, NGOs receive funding from corporates in India and from foreign sources. The amounts have however not been taken into account when calculating the total funding because of non-availability of reliable data.

20

Total estimated funding for biodiversity

conservation during 2013-2014

Core, non-core and peripheral funding for

biodiversity conservation

Details of the core and non-core funding by the MoEF

for biodiversity conservation as well as those of States for

2013-2014 are provided in the next slide. As explained,

peripheral funding pertains to funding related to

biodiversity conservation under 77 schemes and

programmes of 23 Ministries/Departments of the GOI

other than the MoEF.

21

Core, non-core and peripheral funding

for biodiversity conservation in 2013–

2014

Nature of funding Amount (Rs. in crores)

Core 1564.34

Non-Core 259.8

Core+ Non-Core 1824.14

States 5025.57

Peripheral

(23

Ministries/Departments,

77 schemes)

2354.74

Total Rs. 9204.45 Crores or

USD 1482.68 million

22

Core, non-core and peripheral funding

for biodiversity conservation in 2013–

2014

22%

4%

71%

3%

Sales

Core Funding

(Rs.15643.4 million)

Non core Funding

(Rs.2598 million)

State Outlay

(Rs.50255.7 million)

Peripheral Funding

(Rs. 23547.4 million)

Overall spending= Rs.92044.50 million or USD1482.68 million

23

National Biodiversity Targets and

Millennium Development Goals

The Millennium Declaration, made during the UN Millennium Summit on 8 September 2000, was signed by 189 countries, including 147 heads of State and Government, and included eight goals called the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). India is committed to efforts towards achieving the MDGs and related targets for progress in human development and poverty reduction.

India's National Biodiversity Targets are also directly and indirectly related to the MDGs. Efforts towards meeting the National Biodiversity Targets and MDGs will synergize progress towards achieving targets for biodiversity conservation and human development.

24

THANKS!

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