Regulation of Design Method of Earthquake Resistance for Buildingby SNI (Indonesian National Standard)By : Putika Ashfar Khoiriputika@civil.osaka-u.ac.jp28J16118

Regulation of Design Method of Earthquake Resistance for Building by SNI (Indonesian National Standard) code :

SNI 176 : 2012SNI 03-1726-2002

COVERAGE :1. General requirements2. Building structure and general design3. Regular building structure general design4. Irregular building structure design5. Building Structure Performance (Factor loads, ductility)6. Earthquake effect on the lower structure7. The effect of earthquake on secondary components, architecture

components and machine and electrical instalation

General requirements

Risk Category for building under earthquake loads

Risk Category :

1 Building with low risk of man victims whem the earthquake come

2 Building with high risk potential of damage when the earthquake come, and have a high risk of victims during the earthquake.

3 Important public facilities

Risk Category Building Category Significance Factor (I)

1Agricultural facility, fisheries facility

1Temporary facilityStorage room

2

Housing,

1

Store, Office, Apartment, Departement store, Industrial building, Manufacturing building, Factory

3Movies,

1.25Meeting Hall, Stadium

4

Monumental Building

1.5

Educational building (schools, university)HospitalsEarthquake shelterElectricity Power PlantWater Tank

Design earthquake and building category

1. The design earthquake is defined to have a reoccurence period of 500 years, so its probability in the 50 years building life span is 2 %

2. for various building categories, the effect of design earthquake must be multiplied with significance factor (I)

Building structure general design

Lower structure (basement) All the building located underground

Upper structureAll the building located above ground level

Building structure general design

Lower structure (basement) All the building located underground

Upper structureAll the building located above ground level

can be assumed to be laterally clamped on the base ground level

1. Can be considered as a separate structure underground 2. Loaded by combination of = earthquake loads (from the upper

structure) + earthquake loads (from its inertial force) + earthquake loads (surronding soils)

3. Must fully elastic and not depend of ductility level of upper structure4. Lower structure rules

Vm = maximum earthquake loading due to the effect of design earthquake

Vy = earthquake loading due to the effect of design earthquake, causing the first yielding

f2 = structure extra strange factor (f2 = 0.83 + 0.17μ).. see table ‘Building structure performance level‘ for μ value

Building structure general design (other…)

Floor level (storey floor)

Without basement ( no lower structure )

Upper structure can be assumed on the direct foundation footing, assembly foundation footing plane and the upper plane of pile foundation heads

1. The center of gravity of storey floor building = resultant point of dead load + live load

2. Eccentricity (ed) between the center of gravity and the center of rotation

ed = 1.5 e + 0.05 b b = largest horizontal size of the building structure e = eccentricity ( 0 < e < 0.3b )

DEFLECTION : building structure deflection < 0.03/R (< 30 mm) of height of the respective level

Building structure general design (other…)

Supporting structurecan refer to a variety of structures in architecture that includes arches, beams, columns, balconies, and stretchers.

1. must be designed against deflection of building structure system

2. ( R < 1.6), R = earthquake reduction factor (see table ‘Building structure performance level’)

3. Nominal basic shear load open frame < total nominal shear load working in the direction of the earthquake load

Seismic design categoryStructure with risk category 1 to 3 in the location where the response parameter acceleration spectral in 1 s is more than or equal with 0.75 must join the seismic design

1. Lateral forceLateral force in every floor is calculate as Fx = 0.01 WxFx =design lateral force on x- floorWx = total dead load on x floor

2. Joint connection1. Joint connection must have force to resist minimum force

( 5 % dead load + live load from supported joint)2. A base joint have to resist horizontal force not less than

0.24 kN/m2 or 2 % horizontal wall weight3. Welded beam to colum Joint can be use to hold lateral force

due to earthquake force4. Maximum peak ground acceleration with constant

acceleration of 60% g

Factor load design and strength

Regular and Irregular Building StructureA building is defined as a regular building under the following terms ( if not satisfy, it will be categorized as an irregular building)

1. Height of the building measured from the lateral clamping level may not be more than 40 meter

2. Length of the protursion doesn't exceed 25% of the largest size of the building structure in direction of the protursion (tonjolan)

3. Each floor has a weight of no more than 150 % of floor weight of the floor above or below it.

Regular and Irregular Building StructureUltimate limit performance (ξ)

Nominal basic shear load ( V1)

Nominal basic shear force from the performed response spectrum order analysis result (Vt)

Regular building Irregular building

ξ= 0,7 R ξ=

limit damage to buildings due to earthquakes

𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟=0.8𝑉 1

𝑉 𝑡≥1

Capacity designThe ductility factorThe ductility factor of a building due to the effect of the earthquake design , plastic joints in the building structure may only occur on beam ends and on column feet and shear wall feet

Building structure ductility factor ()Design of the earthquake near collapsing (Building structure deflection when the first yielding occurs (If the building is fully elastic (max value)

Ductility of the building structure and the nominal earthquake loading

𝑉 𝑦=𝑉 𝑐

𝜇

Building structure ductility factor ()Design of the earthquake near collapsing (Building structure deflection when the first yielding occurs (If the building is fully elastic (max value)Maximum loading due to effect of design earthquake absorbable by a fully elastic building structure in the condition near collapsing (Vc)Loading causes the first yield in the building structure (Vy)Normal earthquake loading due to effect design earthquake (Vn)Earthquake reduction factor (1,6 ≤ R = µf1 < Rmax )Base shear forcesupported by each of the building (Vs)For earthquake design, we change the reduction factor into :earthquake response factor (Rs)

𝑉 𝑛=𝑉 𝑦

𝑓 1=𝑉 𝑐

𝑅𝑅=

∑ 𝑉 𝑠

𝑉 𝑠

𝑅𝑠

Building structure performance level µ RFullly elastic 1 1.6

Partially elastic

1.5 2.42 3.2

2.5 43 4.8

3.5 5.64 6.4

4.5 7.25 8

Fully ductile 5.3 8.5

Seismic zone and response spectrum

Peak acceleration of base rock and peak acceleration of soil surface for each Indonesia seismic zone

Seismic zone

Peak acceleration on bed rock (g)

1 0.032 0.13 0.154 0.25 0.256 0.3

Peak acceleration of soil surface Ao(g)Hard soil Medium Soil Soft soil Special soil

0.04 0.05 0.08

Requires special

evalution at each location

0.12 0.15 0.20.18 0.23 0.30.24 0.28 0.340.28 0.32 0.360.33 0.36 0.38

ZONES