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Reinforcement and Reinforcement and PersistencePersistence
MSM 671 DLMSM 671 DL
Strategic Leadership/Liderazgo estratégicoStrategic Leadership/Liderazgo estratégico
Week 7 Week 7
Topic 7.4Topic 7.4
Copyright © Regis University, 2012
Objectives
• Familiarize you with the concepts of
– Continuous Reinforcement;
– Intermittent Reinforcement; and
– Persistence.
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PersistencePersistence
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• The strategic leader wants to positively reinforce the desired behaviors of followers.
• By positively reinforcing desired behaviors, the strategic leader can help followers persist in exerting discretionary effort.
• People exhibit discretionary effort when they do, not only what is expected because they have to, but when they do more than is expected because they want to.
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Reinforcement that Helps Followers Give Discretionary Effort
Reinforcement that Helps Followers Give Discretionary Effort
• Key in organizations’ future success:– ensuring that most people in the organization
are exhibiting discretionary effort.
• There are two kinds of reinforcement schedules that strategic leaders can use:
– Continuous reinforcement and
– Intermittent reinforcement
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How Frequently Should Behavior be Reinforced?
• The most powerful reinforcers (consequences) are those that are positive, immediate, and certain.
• How frequently reinforcement is given is also important.
• Reinforcement can be given on a continuous basis.
• Reinforcement can be given on an intermittent basis.
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How Frequently Should Behavior be Reinforced?
• When reinforcement is given continuously, people come to expect it because it occurs almost every time they demonstrate the desired behaviors.
• Because the reinforcement becomes routine, continuous reinforcement loses its effectiveness over time.
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How Frequently Should Behavior be Reinforced?
• When reinforcement is given intermittently, people do not know when to expect it.
• Because they don’t know when to expect it, they continue demonstrating the desired behaviors in the hopes that they’ll receive reinforcement.
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Reinforcement f for r Persistence
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Reinforcement:Immediate and Intermittent
• How can reinforcement be both immediate and intermittent?• The reinforcement follows the behavior
immediately, but not every time the behavior occurs.
• The reinforcement follows the behavior immediately or almost immediately, but the behavior is reinforced sometimes and, other times it is not.
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References
Daniels, A.C. & Daniels, J.E. (2007). Measure of a leader. New York: McGraw-Hill.
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Congratulations!Congratulations!
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Discussion Forum: QuestionsDiscussion Forum: Questions
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