Relational Cloud

Rela%onal Cloud A Database-‐as-‐a-‐Service for the Cloud

Paper by Carlo Curino et al. @mit.edu

Presenta%on by Antonio Severien [email protected]

Overview

Ø Rela%onal Databases Ø Database-‐as-‐a-‐Service (DBaaS) Ø  Problems AEacked

Ø Efficient Mul%-‐tenancy Ø Elas%c Scalability Ø Database Privacy

Ø Rela%onal Cloud Ø Experiments Ø Conclusion

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Rela%onal Cloud

Ø Rela%onal Databases Ø Database-‐as-‐a-‐Service (DBaaS) Ø Problems AEacked



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Rela%onal Databases Ø 1970 by Edgar Codd, IBM research San Jose Ø Tables

Ø Rows à Tuples Ø Columns à AEributes

Ø Rela%onal Database Management Systems (RDBMS)

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Rela%onal Cloud




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Database-‐as-‐a-‐Service (DBaaS)

Ø Cloud Ø Reduce management, opera%onal and energy costs

Ø Elas%city and scale economy Ø Pay-‐per-‐use

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amazon RDS

Rela%onal Cloud




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Problems AEacked

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Efficient Mul%-‐tenancy

Elas%c Scalability Privacy

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Ø Reduce costs Ø Efficient usage of resources Ø Maximize hardware u%liza%on Ø Single database server on each machine Ø Maintain applica%on query performance

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Ø Reduce costs Ø Efficient usage of resources Ø Maximize hardware u%liza%on Ø Single database server on each machine? Ø Maintain applica%on query performance

11 Virtual Machine


Ø Problems Ø Monitoring resource requirements for workloads Ø Predic%ng the load generated Ø Assigning workloads to physical machines Ø Migra%ng workloads between nodes Ø Live migra*on

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Ø Kairos (Monitoring and consolida%on engine) Ø Resource Monitor

Disk ac%vity and RAM requirements Ø Combined Load Predictor

CPU, RAM, Disk model that predicts the combined resource requirements

Ø Consolida%on Engine Non-‐linear op%miza%on techniques to…

… minimize the number of machines needed … balance load between back-‐end machines

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Elas%c Scalability

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Elas%c Scalability

Ø Workload exceeds single machine capacity

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Ø Scale a single database to mul%ple nodes Ø Scale-‐out by query processing par%%oning Ø Granular placement and load balance on backend

Elas%c Scalability

Ø Strategy well suited for OLTP and Web workloads… but can extend to OLAP

Ø Minimize cross-‐node distributed transac%ons

Ø Workload-‐aware par**oner Ø Par%%on data to minimize mul%-‐node transac%ons Ø Front-‐end analyses execu%on traces represented as a graph

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Graph Par%%oning

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id name age salary

id name age salary

id name age salary

we=2

we : weight of edge

we=1

we=10

Graph Par%%oning

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id name age salary

id name age salary

id name age salary

we=2

we : weight of edge

we=1

we=10

Graph Par%%oning

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id name age salary

id name age salary

id name age salary

Privacy

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Privacy

Ø Adjustable security Ø Onion ring encryp%on design

2 onion layer and 1 homomorphic encryp%on of integer

Ø SQL query on encrypted data Ø Security level dynamically adap%ve

Converge to an overall security level

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Onion Layers of Encryp%on

Value

6. RND: no func%onality

4. DET: equality selec%on

2. DET: equality join

Value

5. RND: no func%onality

3. OPE: inequality select, min, max, sort, group-‐by

1. OPE: inequality join

int value

HOM: addi%on

string value

String search

or

RND = Randomized Encryp%on (no opera%ons allowed) DET = Determinis%c Encryp%on OPE = Order-‐preserving Encryp%on HOM = Homomorphic Encryp%on (opera%ons over encrypted data)

Strong

Weak 22

Rela%onal Cloud




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Privacy-‐preserving Queries

Privacy-‐preserving Results

Rela%onal Cloud Architecture Client Nodes

User Applica%on

JDBC-‐client (CryptoDB enabled)

Frontend Nodes

Router Distributed Transac%onal Coordina%on

Admin Nodes

Par%%oning Engine

Placement and Migra%on Engine

Backend Nodes

CryptoDB Encryp%on Engine

Backend Nodes

CryptoDB Encryp%on Engine Par**ons

Placement

Database load stats

Trusted Pla,orm (Private/Secured)

Untrusted Pla,orm (Public)

Users

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Rela%onal Cloud




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Experiments

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Experiments

Bad results? Tradeoff for be=er privacy

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Experiments

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Scaling TPC-‐C

Rela%onal Cloud




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Conclusion

Ø Presented Rela%onal Cloud Ø Efficient Mul%-‐tenancy

Ø Novel resource es%ma%on Ø Non-‐linear op%miza%on-‐based consolida%on technique

Ø Scalability Ø Graph-‐based par%%oning

Ø Privacy Ø Adjustable privacy Ø SQL queries on encrypted data

Ø DBaaS is a viable cloud service

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References Ø  "Rela%onal Cloud: a Database Service for the cloud" Carlo

Curino, Evan Jones, Raluca Popa, Nirmesh Malviya, Eugene Wu, Sam Madden, Har Balakrishnan, Nickolai Zeldovich

Ø  hEp://rela%onalcloud.com

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Privacy

CryptoDB Example

SELECT i_price, ... FROM item WHERE i_id = N

JDBC client decrypts DET level 4

DET-‐encrypted cyphertext Return to JDBC client decrypted

RND cyphertexts

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Date post:	01-Dec-2014
Category:	Technology
Upload:	antonio-severien
View:	514 times
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