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ECLIPSE* reservoir simulation software Release Notes Version 2010.1
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Page 1: Rele Notes 2010.1

ECLIPSE* reservoir simulation software

Release Notes

Version 2010.1

Page 2: Rele Notes 2010.1

Proprietary noticeCopyright © 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. Reproduction or alteration without prior written permission is prohibited, except asallowed under applicable law.

Use of this product is governed by the License Agreement. Schlumberger makes no warranties, express, implied, or statutory, with respectto the product described herein and disclaims without limitations any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

Trademarks & service marks"Schlumberger," the Schlumberger logotype, and other words or symbols used to identify the products and services described herein areeither trademarks, trade names, or service marks of Schlumberger and its licensors, or are the property of their respective owners. Thesemarks may not be copied, imitated, or used, in whole or in part, without the express prior written permission of their owners. In addition,covers, page headers, custom graphics, icons, and other design elements may be service marks, trademarks, and/or trade dress ofSchlumberger and may not be copied, imitated, or used, in whole or in part, without the express prior written permission of Schlumberger.

Page 3: Rele Notes 2010.1

ECLIPSE Release Notes Table of Contents

3

Table of ContentsChapter 1 - Release Overview.......................................................................................................... 5Overview of Developments in 2010.1.....................................................................................................................................5

Chapter 2 - Product and Feature Changes ..................................................................................... 7Platform Availability ................................................................................................................................................................7ECLIPSE ............ ...................................................................................................................................................................9FrontSim ............. .................................................................................................................................................................49ECLIPSE Pre- and Post-Processors (EPP)..........................................................................................................................53

Chapter 3 - Known Issues.............................................................................................................. 552010.1 Release Issues .........................................................................................................................................................55

Chapter 4 - Licensing and Installation .......................................................................................... 63How to Install and License....................................................................................................................................................63

Index.............. .................................................................................................................................. 65

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4 ECLIPSE Release NotesTable of Contents

Page 5: Rele Notes 2010.1

ECLIPSE Suite Release Notes Release OverviewOverview of Developments in 2010.1

5

Chapter 1Release Overview

Overview of Developments in 2010.1The developments for ECLIPSE 2010.1, FrontSim 2010.1 and the pre- and post-processors are outlined in this section.

ECLIPSE 2010.1This is a major release of the ECLIPSE suite of reservoir simulators with significant functional extensions in several key areas in both ECLIPSE 100 and ECLIPSE 300. The emphasis in this release is on the enablement of complex workflows and on feature compatibility.

Thermal Recovery Simulation

• Equilibration option extensions

• Dual tubing wells enabling detailed steam injection control in SAGD processes

• Increased temperature ranges

• Linear Solver improvements

Enhanced Oil Recovery

• Partitioning of Tracers into multiple phases

• Feature compatibility enabling construction of complex Chemical EOR strategies

• Extensions to the Rock Physics and Saturation Function options

Improved Integration with Petrel Reservoir Engineering

• Generation of streamlines from ECLIPSE results

• User Keyword rules in development strategies

• Improved Results Visualization

Flexible Field Development Strategies

• Sustained Capacity Tests for oil and water

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6 Release Overview ECLIPSE Suite Release NotesOverview of Developments in 2010.1

• Keyword parameterization for use in control logic

• Extensions to the user defined quantity framework

Well Modeling

• Multiple flow paths to surface

Compatibility Improvements for Existing Options

• Parallel streamline tracers

• Enhanced oil recovery options

• Grid property modifications throughout the simulation model (static and dynamic)

FrontSim 2010.1FrontSim 2010.1 is a major release of the streamline simulator. The emphasis in this release has been focused on the capabilities outlined below.

Workflow Enablement through Petrel Reservoir Engineering

• Geological screening

• Pattern Flood Management (PFM)

• Generation of streamlines from ECLIPSE results

• Streamline tracing through LGRs

Performance enhancements

• Use of multicore technology.

Reliability, Consistency and Compatibility with ECLIPSE

• Improved well and surface constraint handling.

ECLIPSE Pre- and Post Processing in 2010.1The focus of this release has been on the maintenance of our existing pre- and post-processors, prioritizing business critical defects.

PVTi has been the primary focus in this release in order to improve the usability and the overall stability of the program. The focus was on fixing issues and errors found in the previous versions and implementing some developments that enhance the existing workflows, particularly around thermal simulation.

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ECLIPSE Suite Release Notes Product and Feature ChangesPlatform Availability

7

Chapter 2Product and Feature Changes

Platform Availability

All• This release includes updates to the ECLIPSE simulators (ECLIPSE and ECLIPSE

FrontSim).

• SIS reminds customers that we are working towards the retirement of the interactive products, and their replacement by Petrel Reservoir Engineering. Customers are strongly advised to consult their SIS Account Manager about transition to Petrel RE. Note that Petrel RE includes access to some interactive products (ECLIPSE Office, Schedule, FloGrid, FloViz and GRAF) under the Petrel license.

Note For full information on the supported hardware, devices and software systems mentioned in this chapter, refer to the Installation Guide.

Linux

Note SIS advises customers that the interactive pre- and post-processors are no longer released on Linux. These products were last released on Linux in 2009.1. They are now released on Microsoft Windows only. There are no plans to discontinue support for the simulators on 64-bit x86_64 and ppc64 Linux.

• The ECLIPSE simulators are no longer released on 32 bit Linux systems. They were last released on these systems in 2009.2.

• SIS advises customers that the 2010.2 release will be the last version to support Itanium processors.

Page 8: Rele Notes 2010.1

8 Product and Feature Changes ECLIPSE Suite Release NotesPlatform Availability

• ECLIPSE works on RedHat 4 or 5 and SUSE SLES 10 based systems.

Windows• Windows 2000 is no longer supported for any application.

• Microsoft XP, XP64, Vista 32, Vista 64 are supported. We tested all the products on Vista Business and Vista Enterprise. However, we expect that all of the variants in the Vista family will function correctly.

• Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 64 bit, is supported for the simulators only.

• There are no plans to discontinue any 32 bit applications on Windows-based systems.

BenchmarksThe new distribution format includes all the benchmarks and utility software. The benchmark data includes new FrontSim and ECLIPSE 300 benchmarks. These can be found under ECLIPSE/resources/BENCHMARKS.

Certified PlatformsSeveral new platforms have been added to the certified list and these can be obtained from the certified systems letter that will accompany the 2010.1 release. Note however that with the exception of Altix there are no certified Intel Itanium systems on the certified list.

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ECLIPSE Suite Release Notes Product and Feature ChangesECLIPSE

9

ECLIPSE

New facilities in 2010.1

ECLIPSE 2010.1This is a major release of the ECLIPSE suite of reservoir simulators with significant functional extensions in several key areas in both ECLIPSE 100 and ECLIPSE 300. The emphasis in this release is on the enablement of complex workflows and on feature compatibility.

Thermal Recovery Simulation• Equilibration option extensions

• Dual tubing wells enabling detailed steam injection control in SAGD processes

• Increased temperature ranges

• Linear Solver improvements

Enhanced Oil Recovery • Partitioning of Tracers into multiple phases

• Feature compatibility enabling construction of complex Chemical EOR strategies

• Extensions to the Rock Physics and Saturation Function options

Improved Integration with Petrel Reservoir Engineering • Generation of streamlines from ECLIPSE results

• User Keyword rules in development strategies

• Improved Results Visualization

Flexible Field Development Strategies• Sustained Capacity Tests for oil and water

• Keyword parameterization for use in control logic

• Extensions to the user defined quantity framework

Well ModelingMultiple flow paths to surface

Compatibility Improvements for Existing Options• Parallel streamline tracers

• Enhanced oil recovery options

• Grid property modifications throughout the simulation model (static and dynamic)

Page 10: Rele Notes 2010.1

10 Product and Feature Changes ECLIPSE Suite Release NotesECLIPSE

ECLIPSE 100

RUNSPEC section• Item 11 has been added to the UDQDIMS keyword. This can be used to request that a new

random number generator seed is computed for restart cases, as opposed to using the seed from the base case simulation. This seed affects the new UDQ functions RRNDN and RRNDU.

• New items 8 and 9 have been added to the REGDIMS keyword. These can be used to specify the maximum number of work arrays, double precision and integer respectively, for use with the OPERATE and OPERATER keywords.

• Item 11 of the WELLDIMS keyword can now be used to specify the maximum number of lists that a well may belong to at any one time.

GRID section• The RPTINIT keyword has been added to allow the user to control GRID and EDIT output

to the .INIT or .FINIT file. When the keyword is specified along with a series of mnemonics, only PORV and the mnemonics specified will be output to the .INIT or .FINIT file. This has been extended to include cartesian LGRs, radial LGRs and nested LGRs.

• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

EDIT section• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

PROPS section• The GRAVCONS keyword has been added to allow the user to override the defaulted gravity

constant value.

• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

REGIONS section• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

SOLUTION section• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

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ECLIPSE Suite Release Notes Product and Feature ChangesECLIPSE

11

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to have a seventh argument, which specifies a fluid-in-place region set to use instead of OPERNUM.

SUMMARY section• The SUMMARY mnemonics NLINSMIN and NLINSMAX have been added to output the

actual minimum and maximum number of linear iterations in the Newton iterations within each time step. These quantities are also output when the PERFORMA mnemonic is specified.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics FOSTP, FOSPR, FOSSP, FOSRU, FOSRL, GOSTP, GOSPR, GOSPP, GOSRU and GOSRL have been added to output information on the most recent sustainable capacity test for OIL. The mnemonics FWSTP, FWSPR, FWSSP, FWSRU, FWSRL, GWSTP, GWSPR, GWSPP, GWSRU and GWSRL provide this information for WATER.

• All lumped connection mnemonics starting C and ending L now have an exact equivalent which starts with a W. This allows direct specification of a lumped connection index instead of grid block indices.

• A summary mnemonic CVIRL has been added to give the injection flow rate in a lumped completion. This is equivalent to CVFRL but the sign is reversed.

• Summary mnemonics have been added which report well, group and field rate targets/limits. These are WOPRT, WWPRT, WGPRT, WLPRT, WJPRT, WVPRT, WOIRT, WWIRT, WGIRT, WVIRT, GOPRT, GWPRT, GGPRT, GLPRT, GJPRT, GVPRT, GOIRT, GWIRT, GGIRT, GVIRT, FOPRT, FWPRT, FGPRT, FLPRT, FJPRT, FVPRT, FOIRT, FWIRT, FGIRT and FVIRT.

• Completion SUMMARY mnemonics (beginning with C*) and local completion SUMMARY mnemonics (beginning with LC*) now allow the well name to be defaulted by using the wildcard character ‘*’.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics AAQTD and AAQPD have been added to output dimensionless time and pressure for Carter-Tracy aquifers.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics NBYTOT and MEMORYTS have been added to output memory usage.

• A summary mnemonic CVIR has been added to give the injection flow rate in a completion. This is equivalent to CVFR but the sign is reversed.

• SUMMARY mnemonics RGPTF, RGPTS, RGPRF and RGPRS have been added to output the regional free and solution gas production totals and rates.

SCHEDULE section• The TIME keyword has been added to ECLIPSE 100 to allow the times of report steps to

be specified. Previously this was only available in ECLIPSE 300.

• The UDQ keyword has been extended to include two new functions, RRNDU and RRNDN, which use a different random number generator seed value for each simulation. These new functions are similar to the existing RANDU and RANDN functions but those functions use a fixed seed value that is set in the UDQPARAM keyword.

• The second item of the keyword GSSCPTST has been extended to include ORAT and WRAT as possible control modes.

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12 Product and Feature Changes ECLIPSE Suite Release NotesECLIPSE

• A new keyword EXCAVATE has been added to allow users to specify grid blocks to be removed from the simulation during a run. Item 146 of the OPTIONS keyword can be used to specify how the fluid-in-place calculations are evaluated.

• As explained in item 12 of WELSPECS, the hydrostatic heads calculated using segmented densities in the wellbore are damped to reduce the likelihood of stability problems. This is done by combining values from the previous time step with those of the current time step in a weighted average. An error has been identified in the implementation of this damping which meant that more damping was being applied than intended. This error has been fixed in the 2010.1 version of the simulator but has not been made the default behavior as it may result in changes in simulation results. The correct damping can be applied by setting item 145 of the OPTIONS keyword to a non-zero value.

• The WLIST and WLISTNAM keywords now allow a well to be in more than one list at a time, up to a maximum number specified in item 11 of WELLDIMS.

• The behavior of the default river infiltration equation (item 17 of GRDREACH defaulted) has been improved in the unsaturated regime. The pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored via item 148 of the OPTIONS keyword.

Partitioned Tracers• The fourth item of the TRACER keyword was extended to include MULT, which can now

be used to set up a multi-partitioned tracer. The multi-partitioned tracer functionality is an extension and generalization of partitioned tracers to allow a tracer to be present in any number of phases.

• A sixth item of the TRACER keyword was added to specify the phase concentration to use in adsorption calculations for a partitioned tracer. Any of the phases that the tracer partitions into can be specified along with the mnemonic ALL. If this is the case the overall, pore volume averaged tracer concentration will be used as a basis for adsorption calculations.

• The TRACERKM keyword has been added to specify partitioning functions for tracers that partition into any number of phases.

• The TRDCY keyword was extended to allow the specification of an individual tracer decay half-life for each phase that the tracer partitions into.

• The TRDIF keyword was extended to allow specification of individual tracer diffusion coefficients for each phase that the tracer partitions into.

• The summary mnemonics FTIP#, RTIP#, BTIP#, RTFT#, and BTCN# were added to output the amount of tracer in place, tracer flows and tracer concentrations in each of the phases that the tracer partitions into. The mnemonics must be compounded with the three-character name of a partitioned tracer. Additionally, the number of the desired phase, according to the list of phases given in the TRACERKM keyword, must be specified. For example, BTCN3PT1 gets the block concentration of tracer PT1 in the third phase that it partitions into.

• When used with a multi-partitioned tracer, the mnemonics TRADS, TRROCK and TRDCY in the keyword RPTPROPS now output adsorption data, tables of partitioning coefficients and decay and diffusions parameters for each phase that the tracer partitions into.

• When used with a multi-partitioned tracer, the mnemonic TRACER in keywords RPTSOL and RPTSCHED now outputs tracer concentrations for each phase that the tracer partitions into.

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ECLIPSE Suite Release Notes Product and Feature ChangesECLIPSE

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User Defined Arguments• Some of the items of the keyword CECON can be set using a UDQ. These items are: Item 6

- Maximum water cut (water-liquid ratio); Item 7 - Maximum gas-oil ratio; Item 8 - Maximum water-gas ratio; Item 11- Minimum oil production rate; and Item 12 - Minimum gas production rate.

• Some of the items of the keyword GCONPRI can be set using a UDQ. These items are: Item 2- Oil production rate upper limit; Item 4 - Water production rate upper limit; Item 6 - Gas production rate upper limit; Item 8 - Liquid production rate upper limit; Item 10 - Reservoir fluid volume production rate upper limit; Item 11 - Reservoir volume production balancing fraction upper limit; and Item 16 - Linearly combined rate target or upper limit.

• The second and third items of the keyword GTADD (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition will be performed.

• The second and third items of the keyword GTMULT (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the multiplication will be performed.

• The second item of the keyword WTADD (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition will be performed.

• The second item of the keyword WTMULT (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the multiplication will be performed.

• Item 8 of the WSEGTABL keyword (the ALQ value used in a table look-up) can be set using a UDQ.

• All items of the keyword LINCOM can be set using a UDQ.

• Items 2 and 3 of keyword GCONSUMP can be set using a UDQ.

ECLIPSE 300

RUNSPEC section• Item 11 has been added to the UDQDIMS keyword. This can be used to request that a new

random number generator seed is computed for restart cases, as opposed to using the seed from the base case simulation. This seed affects the new UDQ functions RRNDN and RRNDU.

• A new mnemonic NEWTRAN has been added to the PETOPTS keyword. This forces fault transmissibilities to be calculated even for corner point geometry, which is necessary for correct treatment of coarsened cells containing faults.

• A new item 4 has been added to the JALS keyword. This can be used to switch on an extra residual check.

• If item 214 of OPTIONS3 is set to a non-zero value, this enables the pre-2009.2 John Appleyard Linear Solver (JALS).

• New items 8 and 9 have been added to the REGDIMS keyword. These can be used to specify the maximum number of work arrays, double precision and integer respectively, for use with the OPERATE and OPERATER keywords.

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14 Product and Feature Changes ECLIPSE Suite Release NotesECLIPSE

• A new item 13 has been added to the WELLDIMS keyword. This can be used to specify the maximum number of secondary wells in the simulation. If unspecified, the default value is 10.

• The ROCKCOMP keyword has been extended by two additional items:

• Item 4 allows the user to define a model that can be used to define the transmissibility as a function of porosity,

• Item 5 defines a constant value needed with one of the models chosen using item 4.

• The new option OLDORNNC has been added to the PETOPTS keyword. This option reverts the order of the .INIT file data for non-neighbor connections between global cells to that seen pre-2010.1.

GRID section• The RPTINIT keyword has been added to allow the user to control GRID and EDIT output

to the .INIT or .FINIT file. When the keyword is specified along with a series of mnemonics, only PORV and the mnemonics specified will be output to the .INIT or .FINIT file. This has been extended to include cartesian LGRs, radial LGRs and nested LGRs.

• The keyword ROCKFRAC enables the rock volume to be computed as a fraction of the grid cell bulk volume. This can be useful for coal bed, shale gas and thermal runs.

• The PINCH keyword has been extended to allow extra options for calculating the pinchout transmissibility. Items 4 and 5 are now available in ECLIPSE 300.

• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The RPTGRID and RPTGRIDL keywords have been expanded to allow the user to output DPNUM information to the .PRT file.

• The PERMMF keyword can now be used with EQUALS.

EDIT section• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

PROPS section• The GRAVCONS keyword has been added to allow the user to override the defaulted gravity

constant value.

• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The MIXWPERM keyword has been added and activates an alternative water relative permeability calculation that takes into account the dissolution of gases.

• The MIXACTO and MIXACTG keywords have been added to specify the oil and gas activity functions, respectively, for soluble components.

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ECLIPSE Suite Release Notes Product and Feature ChangesECLIPSE

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• The TRANGE keyword can now be set in the PROPS section for thermal option. The default for Items 1 and 2, the minimum and maximum temperature expected, are 1 °C and 2000 °C, respectively. The allowable lower limit for Item 1 is -100 °C and that for Item 2 is 1 °C.

• The ROCKPMAT keyword has been added to specify the Thermal Palmer-Mansoori rock model.

• The ACTCO2S keyword has been added to specify the activity coefficient model that is used by CO2STORE for CO2 salting out effects.

• The keywords ROCKTRMX, ROCKTRMY and ROCKTRMZ allow the user to input transmissibility variation parameters for each grid cell in the X-, Y- and Z-direction respectively. Refer to ROCKCOMP keyword item 4 for more information.

REGIONS section• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

SOLUTION section• The RPTRST keyword now allows the mnemonics BG, BO and BW. These are phase

formation-volume-factors, not molar densities.

• The OPERATE keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

• The OPERATER keyword has been extended to have a seventh argument, which specifies a fluid-in-place region set to use instead of OPERNUM.

SUMMARY section• The mnemonic FAGIP has been added to provide the summary output of field gas in place

(aqueous phase). This mnemonic is compatible with the CO2SOL, H2SSOL and GASSOL options.

• The mnemonic BWIP is now extended to ECLIPSE 300 to provide the summary output of water in place in a block.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics NLINSMIN and NLINSMAX have been added to output the actual minimum and maximum number of linear iterations in the Newton iterations within each time step. These quantities are also output when the PERFORMA mnemonic is specified.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics FOSTP, FOSPR, FOSSP, FOSRU, FOSRL, GOSTP, GOSPR, GOSPP, GOSRU and GOSRL have been added to output information on the most recent sustainable capacity test for OIL. The mnemonics FWSTP, FWSPR, FWSSP, FWSRU, FWSRL, GWSTP, GWSPR, GWSPP, GWSRU and GWSRL provide this information for WATER.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics RCOM, RCWM, RCGMI and RCGMM have been added to output the regional molar amounts of hydrocarbon components in each phase.

• All lumped connection mnemonics starting C and ending L now have an exact equivalent which starts with a W. This allows direct specification of a lumped connection index instead of grid block indices.

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16 Product and Feature Changes ECLIPSE Suite Release NotesECLIPSE

• Summary mnemonics CVIRL and CVPRL have been added to give the injection and production flow rates in a lumped completion. These are numerically equivalent to CVFRL but the sign of CVIRL is reversed.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics ROIR, RGIP, RWIR have been added to output information on region phase injection rates. These mnemonics include group and well efficiency factors. OPTIONS3 item 237 may be used to remove efficiency factors from the calculation.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics ROIT, RGIT, RWIT have been added to output information on region phase injection totals.

• Completion SUMMARY mnemonics (beginning with C) and local completion SUMMARY mnemonics (beginning with LC) now allow the well name to be defaulted using the wildcard character ‘*’.

• Summary mnemonics have been added which report well, group and field rate targets/limits. These are WOPRT, WWPRT, WGPRT, WLPRT, WJPRT, WVPRT, WOIRT, WWIRT, WGIRT, WVIRT, GOPRT, GWPRT, GGPRT, GLPRT, GJPRT, GVPRT, GOIRT, GWIRT, GGIRT, GVIRT, FOPRT, FWPRT, FGPRT, FLPRT, FJPRT, FVPRT, FOIRT, FWIRT, FGIRT and FVIRT.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics AAQTD and AAQPD have been added to output dimensionless time and pressure for Carter-Tracy aquifers.

• The SUMMARY mnemonics NBYTOT and MEMORYTS have been added to output memory usage.

• Summary mnemonics CVIR and CVPR have been added to give the injection and production flow rates in a completion. These are numerically equivalent to CVFR but the sign of CVIR is reversed.

• Summary mnemonics have been added to report secondary well production, injection and phase ratio data. These summary vectors are WDOPR, WDWPR, WDGPR, WDLPR, WDVPR, WDOPT, WDWPT, WDGPT, WDLPT, WDVPT, WDWIR, WDGIR,WDWIT, WDGIT, WDGOR WDOGR, WDGLR, WDWGR and WDWCT. In addition, the secondary well temperature WDTEM and pressure WDPR summary vectors have been added.

• Summary mnemonics have been added to report group production, injection and phase ratio data inclusive of secondary well contributions. These summary vectors are GDOPR, GDWPR, GDGPR, GDLPR, GDVPR, GDOPT, GDWPT, GDGPT, GDLPT, GDVPT, GDWIR, GDGIR,GDWIT, GDGIT, GDGOR GDOGR, GDGLR, GDWGR and GDWCT.

• Summary mnemonics have been added to report field production, injection and phase ratio data inclusive of secondary well contributions. These summary vectors are FDOPR, FDWPR, FDGPR, FDLPR, FDVPR, FDOPT, FDWPT, FDGPT, FDLPT, FDVPT, FDWIR, FDGIR,FDWIT, FDGIT, FDGOR FDOGR, FDGLR, FDWGR and FDWCT.

SCHEDULE section• The UDQ keyword has been extended to include two new functions, RRNDU and RRNDN,

which use a different random number generator seed value for each simulation. These new functions are similar to the existing RANDU and RANDN functions but those functions use a fixed seed value that is set in the UDQPARAM keyword.

• The second item of the keyword GSSCPTST has been extended to include ORAT and WRAT as possible control modes.

• New mnemonics have been added to the RPTRST keyword to report the number of streamlines traced by LAGTRAC through a cell. These mnemonics begin LGLC.

• The RPTRST keyword now allows the mnemonics BG, BO and BW. These are phase formation-volume-factors, not molar densities.

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• The default for TRANGE keyword Item 2 (the maximum temperature expected) is modified to 2000 °C. The allowable lower limit for Item 1 (the minimum temperature expected) is -100 °C and that for Item 2 is 1 °C.

• The keyword RPRKPAME can be used to output a table of pore volume and permeability multipliers versus pressure for a given grid cell when the ROCKPAME rock compaction model is used.

• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) is now available for use with Cartesian local grid refinements (CARFIN).

• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) is now available for use in parallel (PARALLEL).

• An alternative renormalization method for LUMPING tracers solved using the Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) has been made available. This may be activated using OPTIONS3 item 203.

• As explained in item 12 of WELSPECS, the hydrostatic heads calculated using segmented densities in the wellbore are damped to reduce the likelihood of stability problems. This is done by combining values from the previous time step with those of the current time step in a weighted average. An error has been identified in the implementation of this damping which meant that more damping was being applied than intended. This error has been fixed in the 2010.1 version of the simulator but has not been made default behavior as it may result in changes in simulation results. The correct damping can be applied by setting item 213 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• The WSEGWELL keyword has been added to associate a segment of a multi-segment well with a secondary well name.

• The SCONPROD keyword has been added to provide a mechanism for specifying production controls for a secondary well.

• The SCONINJE keyword has been added to provide a mechanism for specifying injection controls for a secondary well.

• The STEST keyword has been added to provide a mechanism for testing whether closed secondary wells should be reopened.

• The MULTPV keyword can be used to modify the pore volumes during the run.

• When the RPTRST keyword includes the BASIC=2 or RESTART mnemonics, restart output will be generated for PKRG, PKRO, PKRW, PKRGE, PKRWE, PKROGE and PKROWE for thermal runs using the keyword ENKRVT. These are processed or temperature-scaled relative permeabilities.

• When the RPTRST keyword includes the BASIC=2 or RESTART mnemonics, restart output will be generated for PPCG and PPCW for thermal runs using the keyword ENPCVT. These are processed or temperature-scaled capillary pressures.

• An alternative saturation pressure calculation for the GASWAT option has been made available. This may be activated using OPTIONS3 item 225.

• An alternative timestep convergence strategy is available in 2010.1 in which two successive newton iterations are required to converge. This can be activated using OPTIONS3 item 206.

CO2STOREThe CO2STORE option can now be used at higher temperatures, up to 250 °C. The default model for pure water density use an analytical form of the water density as detailed by The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS-IF97). In order to use the pre-2010.1 water density calculations OPTIONS3 item 232 can be set to unity.

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Thermal• The thermal heavy-oil equilibration method has been enhanced. If the water-oil contact lies

above the reservoir and if, based on the composition provided at the datum depth, oil is heavier than water, then the pressure in EQUIL item 2 refers to the oil phase and the reservoir will be initialized with heavy oil. The OPTIONS3 keyword item 217 can be used to restore the pre-2010.1 equilibration behavior.

• The TRANGE keyword can now be set in the PROPS section for thermal simulation. The default for Item 2 (the maximum temperature expected) is modified to 2000 °C. The allowable lower limit for Item 1 (the minimum temperature expected) is -100 °C and that for item 2 is 1 °C. The OPTIONS3 keyword Item 218 can be used to restore the pre-2010.1 thermal temperature limits.

• A new thermal convergence method for rock-filled cells has been implemented. The OPTIONS3 keyword item 219 can be used to restore the pre-2010.1 convergence method.

• A new item 4 has been added to the JALS keyword. This can be used to switch on an extra residual check (“ON”).

• If item 214 of OPTIONS3 is set to a non-zero value, this enables the pre-2009.2 John Appleyard Linear Solver (JALS).

• When the RPTRST keyword includes the BASIC=2 or RESTART mnemonics, restart output will be generated for PKRG, PKRO, PKRW, PKRGE, PKRWE, PKROGE and PKROWE for thermal runs using the keyword ENKRVT. These are processed or temperature-scaled relative permeabilities.

• When the RPTRST keyword includes the BASIC=2 or RESTART mnemonics, restart output will be generated for PPCG and PPCW for thermal runs using the keyword ENPCVT. These are processed or temperature-scaled capillary pressures.

User Defined Arguments• Some of the items of the keyword CECON can be set using a UDQ. These items are: Item 6

- Maximum water cut (water-liquid ratio); Item 7 - Maximum gas-oil ratio; Item 8 - Maximum water-gas ratio; Item 11- Minimum oil production rate; and Item 12 - Minimum gas production rate.

• Some of the items of the keyword GCONPRI can be set using a UDQ. These items are: Item 2- Oil production rate upper limit; Item 4 - Water production rate upper limit; Item 6 - Gas production rate upper limit; Item 8 - Liquid production rate upper limit; Item 10 - Reservoir fluid volume production rate upper limit; Item 11 - Reservoir volume production balancing fraction upper limit; Item 12 - Wet gas production rate upper limit; Item 14 - Surface gas volume production balancing fraction upper limit; Item 15 - Surface water volume production balancing fraction upper limit; and Item 16 - Linearly combined rate target or upper limit.

• The second and third items of the keyword GTADD (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition will be performed.

• The second and third items of the keyword GTMULT (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the multiplication will be performed.

• Item 8 of the WSEGTABL keyword (the ALQ value used in a table look-up) can be set using a UDQ.

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• The second item of the keyword WTADD (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition will be performed.

• The second item of the keyword WTMULT (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the multiplication will be performed.

• The second and subsequent items of the keyword WINJEDET can be set using a UDQ.

• All items of the keyword LINCOM can be set using a UDQ.

• The third item of the keyword WECONCMF (maximum mole fraction) can be set using a UDQ.

Facilities for Hydraulic Fracture WorkflowECLIPSE 300 only To facilitate a hydraulic fracture workflow, particularly for shale gas, certain region arrays are

now allowed to be modified in SCHEDULE section using the keywords ADDREG, EQUALREG, MULTIREG and OPERATER. This is an ECLIPSE 300 only facility.

The arrays that can be modified are listed below:

The effect of these keywords will be as follows:

PORO PERMX PERMY

PERMZ MULTX MULTY

MULTZ SIGMA(V) MULTSIG(V)

MULSGGD(V) DIFFMMF WORK(1/2)

Table 2.1 Effect of Hydraulic Fracture keywords

Keyword DescriptionDIFFMMF Modifies matrix-fracture diffusivity in dual-porosity runs. If output is required for

flexible restart in the model, these multiplier values will be output as DIFFMMFS.

MULSGGD(V) Modifies matrix-fracture coupling transmissibility for oil-gas gravity drainage in dual-porosity runs. If output is required for flexible restart in the model, these multiplier values will be output as MULSGGDS.

MULTSIG(V) Modifies matrix-fracture coupling transmissibility in dual-porosity runs. If output is required for flexible restart in the model, these multiplier values will be output as MULTSIGS.

MULTX/Y/Z Modifies transmissibility in X/Y/Z-direction. If output is required for flexible restart in the model, the multiplier values will be output as MULTXS/MULTYS/MULTZS.

PERMX/Y/Z Modifies permeability in X/Y/Z-direction. Also approximates the corresponding transmissibility multiplier MULTX/Y/Z determined from the ratio of the new permeability value to the old one. If output is required for flexible restart in the model, the permeability values will be output as MODPERMX/Y/Z.

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Behavioral changes in 2010.1These may cause changes to the results of a simulation, or alter the form or content of the output.

Behavioral changes in ECLIPSE 100

RUNSPEC section• The UDADIMS keyword has been redefined. Item 1 specifies the number of keyword

arguments in which UDQs replace numeric values. Item 2 has been retained for back compatibility. Item 3 specifies the number of instances in which a UDQ is used in a keyword argument.

• The default values of items 3 and 4 in the WSEGSOLV keyword have been modified. There is also a new item 6 which sets the gradient linearization limit for ICD segments.

GRID section• If OPTIONS switch 141 is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior for adjusting

non-neighbor connections within coarsened cells is restored. For 2009.2 onwards, the NNC ends may be moved to a different coarsened cell to avoid the situation where, after coarsening, a fault NNC no longer crosses its fault. This new algorithm may also cause slight changes in the transmissibility of other NNCs.

• For the JFUNC and JFUNCR keywords, invalid entries for items 1 and 6 will result in an error condition.

• If OPTIONS switch 151 is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior is restored for calculating transmissibility across a pinchout when argument 4 of the PINCH keyword is set to ALL. The transmissibility was only affected for pinchouts of more than one cell.

PROPS section• When using the STONE1EX keyword with hysteresis for version 2009.2 onwards, if the

exponent values assigned to a given grid block are different for drainage and imbibition, a warning is issued. For versions up to and including 2009.1, this resulted in an error condition.

PORO Modifies porosity. Modifies the corresponding pore volume by a multiplier MULTPV determined from the ratio of the new porosity value to the old one. If output is required for a flexible restart in the model, the porosity values will be output as MODPORO.

SIGMA(V) Modifies matrix-fracture coupling transmissibility in dual-porosity runs. If output is required for flexible restart in the model, these multiplier values will be output as SIGMA.

WORK(1/2) These are work arrays to be stored for subsequent use. If output is required for flexible restart in the model, these values will be output as WORK(1/2).

Table 2.1 Effect of Hydraulic Fracture keywords

Keyword Description

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• A correction has been made to the calculation of the interpolated PVTO tables, used for the API tracking option, to avoid the creation of duplicate Rs nodes. This has been found to occur for some combinations of Rs nodes and user specified minimum separations between successive Rs nodes. Pre-2009.2 behavior may be restored by setting item 140 of the OPTIONS keyword to a non-zero value.

• If output of the PVTO tables is selected using the RPTPROPS keyword, the interpolated versions of the tables will also be printed if API tracking has been specified.

SOLUTION section• The default Carter-Tracy influence table has been extended to cover larger dimensionless

time values. Pre-2009.1, 2009.1 and 2009.2 behaviors can be restored by setting item 123 of the OPTIONS keyword to 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

SUMMARY section• If OPTIONS switch 143 is set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2010.1 behavior for

the reporting of partitioned tracer flowrates in river reaches.

SCHEDULE section• The calculation of the flowrate limit for wells subject to a drawdown limit (WELDRAW) has

been improved. Pre-2009.2 behavior may be restored by using item 144 of the OPTIONS keyword.

• The default Carter-Tracy influence table has been extended to cover larger dimensionless time values. Pre-2009.1, 2009.1 and 2009.2 behaviors can be restored by setting item 123 of the OPTIONS keyword to 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

• The behavior for keywords WTADD and WTMULT when used with UDQ has been improved. There will be behavioral changes between 2010.1 and pre-2010.1 versions. The second item (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition/multiplication will be performed.

• The GECON keyword argument 8 now interacts more comprehensively with follow-on wells. Item 150 of the OPTIONS keyword reverts to pre-2010.1 behavior.

• The RPTRST mnemonic RFIP now uses an improved formulation. Item 152 of the OPTIONS keyword reverts to the pre-2010.1 behavior.

• For the 2010.1 version onwards, the interpolation between immiscible and miscible relative permeability curves in the surfactant model is only performed for blocks with a non-zero surfactant concentration. The immiscible curves are used for blocks with a zero surfactant concentration.The pre-2010.1 behavior is restored via item 147 of the OPTIONS keyword.

• The behavior of the default river infiltration equation (item 17 of GRDREACH defaulted) has been improved in the unsaturated regime. The pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored via item 148 of the OPTIONS keyword.

Tracers• If item 149 of the OPTIONS keyword is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior is

restored for solving tracers in combination with Multi-Segmented Wells (MSWs). For the 2010.1 version onwards, an error has been fixed in the coupled iterative solution of the tracers which previously led to wrong tracer rates and concentrations in the MSW segments. The change affects single phase, two phase and partitioned tracers.

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Behavioral changes in ECLIPSE 300

RUNSPEC section• The UDADIMS keyword has been redefined. Item 1 specifies the number of keyword

arguments in which UDQs replace numeric values. Item 2 has been retained for back compatibility. Item 3 specifies the number of instances in which a UDQ is used in a keyword argument.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 196 is set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2009.2 behavior for VELDEP models using radial geometry.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 197 is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior for adjusting non-neighbor connections within coarsened cells is restored. For 2010.1 onwards, the NNC ends may be moved to a different coarsened cell to avoid the situation where, after coarsening, a fault NNC no longer crosses its fault. This new algorithm may also cause slight changes in the transmissibility of other NNCs.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 200 is set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2010.1 fluid-in-place calculations for any ECLIPSE 300 data set that does not contain COAL or SOLID.

• The EOS keyword when specified in the RUNSPEC section must have EoS models specified for all EoS regions. Previously only one EoS region model had to be specified. This does not affect the EOS keyword when specified in PROPS Section.

• The SUMMARY section mnemonics BOIP, BGIP, BOIPL, BOIPG, BGIPL and BGIPG are calculated using the separator defined by FIELDSEP. This provides consistency with the vectors output in the restart file when using SFIP in RPTRST. OPTIONS3 switch 201 determines this behavior.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 208 is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior is restored whereby the SPECHS keyword need not be specified for thermal models with components exhibiting solid phases.

• Time zero save files are no longer generated by default if no other save files are requested throughout the run. Time zero save files are still generated automatically if later save files are requested with the SAVE or AUTOSAVE keywords. To generate a time zero save file either use the SAVE keyword in the RUNSPEC section or the MULTSAVE keyword.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 223 is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 treatment of updating the well PI for the rock-crushing option (using the ROCKTAB and ROCKTABH keywords) is used. This will only affect summary output for the completion connection factor, CTFAC.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 228 is set to 1 or 3, the pre-2010.1 EoS cubic root selection method is used for the saturation pressure calculation in flash. If OPTIONS3 switch 228 is set to 2 or 3, the pre-2010.1 EoS cubic root selection method is used for the single-phase molar density calculation in flash.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 232 is set to 1, the pre-2010.1 density model for pure water is activated for CO2STORE.

• The default values of items 3 and 4 in the WSEGSOLV keyword have been modified. There is also a new item 6 which sets the gradient linearization limit for ICD segments.

• OPTIONS3 switch 189 has been modified. Now, by default, a rigorous density inversion check is performed after scalar flash. If this switch is set to -1, the check will not be performed. If set to 2, this activates the density inversion check during the vector flash as well as the post-scalar flash.

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GRID section• For the JFUNC and JFUNCR keywords, invalid entries for items 1 and 6 will result in an

error condition.

• For coal bed methane models, using the multi porosity option and the instant sorption model, each porosity adds to the rock volume. This behavior has changed so that the total rock volume of the pore systems is reset to the average total rock volume. It is possible to change the default by explicit assignment of rock fractions using the ROCKFRAC keyword. The pre-2009.2 behavior can be obtained by setting item 212 in the OPTIONS3 keyword to 1.

• The functionality of the PINCH keyword has been extended to be compatible with ECLIPSE 100. If OPTIONS3 switch 209 is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 treatment of the PINCH keyword is restored and items 4 and 5 will be ignored.

• The default Carter-Tracy influence table has been extended to cover larger dimensionless time values. Pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting item 170 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to 2.

• Prior to 2010.1, a negative cell thickness calculated from the grid geometry was not flagged as an error. In 2010.1 a negative cell thickness generates an error but these errors can be downgraded via OPTIONS3 item 233.

PROPS section• A correction has been made to the calculation of the minimum oil saturation for the Stone

1 relative permeability model with end-point scaling and with either the SOMGAS or the SOMWAT keyword specified. This correction is only applicable if the critical oil-in-gas (SOGCR) or critical oil-water (SOWCR) end-point saturations are zero. The pre-2009.2 behavior can be restored by setting item 193 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• When using the STONE1EX keyword with hysteresis, if the exponent values assigned to a given grid block are different for drainage and imbibition, for version 2009.2 onwards a warning is issued. For versions up to and including 2009.1, this resulted in an error condition.

• The SPECHS keyword must now be specified for thermal models in which one or more components exhibit solid phases. Pre 2009.2 behavior can be restored by setting item 208 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• The default Carter-Tracy influence table has been extended to cover larger dimensionless time values. Pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting item 170 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to 2.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 199 is set to 1, the alternative Ezrokhi calculation is activated.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 207 is set to 1, the alternative Jacobian construction for CO2SOL/H2SSOL/GASSOL is activated.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 215 is set to 1, the alternative handling of the ROCK keyword and its functionality is activated.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 221 is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior of the BDENSITY keyword is activated.

• Prior to 2010.1, the output of the input oil-water capillary pressure tabular data using the EPSDEBUG or EPSDBGS keyword reported the data in GRAF format with the sign reversed as compared to the input data. This sign reversal has now been removed but may be reinstated by setting item 226 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

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• The RPTPROPS mnemonics SWF3 and SGF3 now output, in addition to the input saturation function tables, the 3-phase relative permeabilities for water and gas respectively, for the IKU3P model.

SOLUTION section• The default Carter-Tracy influence table has been extended to cover larger dimensionless

time values. Pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting item 170 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to 2.

SUMMARY section• Summary mnemonics ROPR, RWPR and RGPR now include well and group efficiency

factors in their calculation. Pre-2010.1 behavior may be recovered using item 237 of the OPTIONS3 keyword.

SCHEDULE section• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) gives an improved solution for cases where no

water is present in the reservoir.

• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) calculates when to update and retrace streamlines more efficiently. If item 194 of the OPTIONS3 keyword is positive and divisible by 2, pre-2009.2 behavior is recovered.

• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) uses an improved calculation of porosity to derive the time-of-flight. If item 194 of the OPTIONS3 keyword is positive and divisible by 3 and 5, pre-2009.2 behavior is recovered.

• The WELOPEN, WPIMULT and WSCCLEAN keywords have been modified so that they do not produce error messages if wells completed in local grid refinements are specified within them. Instead they now output a warning message and the offending well is skipped.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 196 is set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2009.2 behavior for VELDEP models using radial geometry.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 200 is set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2010.1 fluid-in-place calculations for any ECLIPSE 300 data set that does not contain COAL or SOLID.

• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) uses an improved technique to solve LUMPING tracers. This technique uses total hydrocarbon streamlines instead of separate oil and gas streamlines. The previous method may be recovered using OPTIONS3 switch 202.

• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) will now remain active after a fast restart if it is enabled when the SAVE keyword is used.

• Actions defined using ACTIONX with a dynamic well list defined using WDYNLIST have improved functionality. This change may be reverted to pre-2009.2 behavior by setting OPTIONS3 item 205 to a positive value.

• The calculation of well IPR (Inflow Performance Relation) has been improved. The new method improves the results for injecting connections, leading to better results from Open ECLIPSE queries ending IPRA, IPRB and IPRC. The pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored via item 210 of the OPTIONS3 keyword.

• Lift gas applied to a well using WCONPROD is now applied if the well is opened using QDRILL. Pre-2009.2 behavior may be recovered by setting OPTIONS3 item 211to a non-zero value.

• The default Carter-Tracy influence table has been extended to cover larger dimensionless time values. Pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting item 170 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to 2.

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• Prior to 2009.2, a blackoil approximation was used to calculate the pressure drop in multi-segment well segments with an associated VFP table. A full flash calculation is now performed. The pre-2009.2 behavior can be restored via item 204 of the OPTIONS3 keyword.

• For 2010.1, the PINCH keyword has been extended to include items 4 and 5. These additional items can be ignored, as was the pre-2010.1 behavior, by setting item 209 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• The application of drilling time and workover time through WDRILTIM and GRUPRIG has been improved. Pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting item 216 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• The pre-2010.1 behavior for thermal heavy-oil equilibration can be restored by setting item 217 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• The default for the TRANGE keyword Item 2 (the maximum temperature expected) is modified to 2000 °C. The allowable lower limit for Item 1 (the minimum temperature expected) is -100 °C and that for Item 2 is 1 °C.

• The pre-2010.1 thermal temperature limits can be restored by setting item 218 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• The pre-2010.1 thermal rock-filled convergence method can be restored by setting item 219 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• The behavior for keywords WTADD and WTMULT when used with UDQ has been improved. There will be behavioral changes between 2010.1 and pre-2010.1 versions. The second item (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition/multiplication will be performed.

• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) uses an improved method for tracing streamlines; well connections are now handled in a more advanced manner.

• The Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC) now calculates the number of streamlines to trace using element 3 of LAGTRAC and the number of active cells. Previously the total number of cells was used.

• If OPTIONS3 switch 223 is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 treatment of updating the well PI for the rock-crushing option (using the ROCKTAB and ROCKTABH keywords) is used. This will only affect summary output for the completion connection factor, CTFAC.

• Prior to 2010.1, the cancellation of fluid import to or export from a segment using the WSEGEXSS keyword (by setting the import/export type to NONE) resulted in the cancellation of import to or export from all segments associated with the well defined using the WSEGEXSS keyword, if the cancellation was applied to the first segment previously defined for import or export. From 2010.1 onwards, if the cancellation is applied to the first segment, the import to or export from any other segments defined using this keyword is unaffected. Pre 2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting item 224 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to a non-zero value.

• The composition of the wellbore fluid for cross-flowing wells is better estimated before the well solve to facilitate improved reservoir volume rate control. Pre-2010.1 behavior may be recovered using OPTIONS3 item 227.

• Gas accounting takes better account of well and group efficiency factors when calculating re-injection quantities. Pre-2010.1 behavior may be recovered using OPTIONS3 item 229.

• The well model now takes better account of group efficiency factors (GEFAC) when setting group rate targets when an intermediate, unconstrained group is present. The pre-2010.1 behavior may be recovered by using OPTIONS3 switch 230.

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• The asphaltene deposition model has been improved for 2010.1. The pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored via OPTIONS3 item 231.

• The WELSEGS keyword now uses the correct default value for the top segment volume. Pre-2010.1 behavior may be recovered using OPTIONS3 switch 234.

• The transmissibility and diffusivity for dual and multi porosity connections now use the simulation grid cell bulk volume and not the sum of the cell pore volume and cell rock volume. For most cases these will be equal, but for thermal and coal bed methane runs the assignment of rock volume might result in differences. The pre-2010.1 can be restored by setting this item to 235 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to 1.

• The behavior when failing to converge in a thermal simulation has been improved. This includes not chopping on a minimum timestep until the maximum number of Newton iterations have been solved. The pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting item to 236 of the OPTIONS3 keyword to 1.

• If item 238 of the OPTIONS3 keyword is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 method for interpreting group injection inheritance rules will be restored. For 2010.1, the group injection inheritance linkage is automatically re-evaluated when the injection fluid changes to ensure that the correct fluid properties are used.

• If item 239 of the OPTIONS3 keyword is set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 method for inferring injection gas injection composition from GINJGAS when using WCONINJH will be restored. In some cases, it has been found that the injection gas composition is not correctly inferred when using GINJGAS with WCONINJH and without group control. This has been rectified in 2010.1.

• The behavior when using OPTIONS3 item 43 with a value of 2 has changed. Prior to 2010.1 this switch suppressed the output of an error message whilst now it suppresses the output of a warning message.

• The composition used in the SORMW1 feature has been modified. The pre-2009.2 behavior can be restored via OPTIONS3 item 195.

ODD3P Relative Permeability and Capillary Pressure Hysteresis Model• A correction has been made to the calculation of the derivatives associated with the scaling

of the saturation end-points for the ODD3P relative permeability and capillary pressure hysteresis option. Pre 2009.2 behavior can be restored using the OPTODD3P keyword.

Equation of State• If OPTIONS3 switch 228 is set to 1 or 3, the pre-2010.1 EoS cubic root selection method

is used for the saturation pressure calculation in flash. If OPTIONS3 switch 228 is set to 2 or 3, the pre-2010.1 EoS cubic root selection method is used for the single-phase molar density calculation in flash.

• OPTIONS3 switch 189 has been modified. Now, by default, a rigorous density inversion check is performed after scalar flash. If this switch is set to -1, the check will not be performed. If set to 2, this activates the density inversion check during the vector flash as well as the post-scalar flash.

INIT File NNC Output• The default order of .INIT output data for non-neighbor connections between global cells

is now consistent with the order used in restart and .FLUX files. The option OLDORNNC has been added to the PETOPTS keyword to allow for back-compatibility.

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New Keywords in 2010.1

New keywords in ECLIPSE 100

GRID sectionThe new GRID section keywords are:

PROPS sectionThe new PROPS section keywords are:

SUMMARY sectionThe new SUMMARY keywords are:

Table 2.2 GRID keywords

Keyword DescriptionRPTINIT The keyword has been added to allow the user to control GRID and EDIT output

to the .INIT or .FINIT file. When the keyword is specified along with a series of mnemonics, only PORV and the mnemonics specified will be output to the .INIT or .FINIT file. This has been extended to include cartesian LGRs, radial LGRs and nested LGRs.

Table 2.3 PROPS keywords

Keyword DescriptionGRAVCONS This keyword has been added to allow the user to override the defaulted gravity

constant value.

TRACERKM This keyword has been added to specify partitioning functions for multi-partitioned tracers.

Table 2.4 SUMMARY keywords

Keyword DescriptionNLINSMIN Output the actual minimum number of linear iterations in the Newton iterations

within each time step.

NLINSMAX Output the actual maximum number of linear iterations in the Newton iterations within each time step.

FTIP#XXX Outputs field tracer in place for tracer XXX in phase #.

RTIP#XXX Outputs region tracer in place for tracer XXX in phase #.

BTIP#XXX Outputs block tracer in place for tracer XXX in phase #.

RTFT#XXX Outputs inter-region flow of tracer XXX in phase #.

BTCN#XXX Outputs block concentration of tracer XXX in phase #.

CVIRL Gives the injection flow rate in a lumped completion. Numerically equivalent to CVFRL but the sign is reversed.

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WXXXL Exact equivalents to the matching CXXXL lumped completion mnemonics, except that the lumped connection number is specified in place of the indexes.

W/G/FOPRT Well/group/field oil production rate target/limit.

W/G/FWPRT Well/group/field water production rate target/limit.

W/G/FGPRT Well/group/field gas production rate target/limit.

W/G/FLPRT Well/group/field liquid production rate target/limit.

W/G/FJPRT Well/group/field linearly combined production rate target/limit.

W/G/FVPRT Well/group/field reservoir volume production rate target/limit.

W/G/FOIRT Well/group/field oil injection rate target/limit.

W/G/FWIRT Well/group/field water injection rate target/limit.

W/G/FGIRT Well/group/field gas injection rate target/limit.

W/G/FVIRT Well/group/field reservoir volume injection rate target/limit.

AAQTD Aquifer dimensionless time (Carter-Tracy aquifers only)

AAQPD Aquifer dimensionless pressure (Carter-Tracy aquifers only)

MEMORYTS Outputs the maximum current memory usage across processors as reported by the operating system.

NBYTOT Outputs the peak usage of dynamically allocated memory as reported the simulator internal memory allocator. Note that some memory allocations are performed by other mechanisms and are not accounted for by this summary quantity. In parallel, this is the maximum across processors.

CVIR Gives the injection flow rate in a completion. Numerically equivalent to CVFR but the sign is reversed.

FOSPR Target sustainable rate for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

FOSRL Maximum tested rate sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

FOSRU Minimum tested rate not sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

FOSSP Period for which the target sustainable rate could be maintained for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil. If the target sustainable rate was maintained for the entire test period, this is equal to the test period.

FOSTP Test period for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

GOSPR Target sustainable rate for most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

GOSRL Maximum tested rate sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

GOSRU Minimum tested rate not sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

GOSSP Period for which the target sustainable rate could be maintained for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil. If the target sustainable rate was maintained for the entire test period, this is equal to the test period.

GOSTP Test period for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

FWSPR Target sustainable rate for most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

FWSRL Maximum tested rate sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

Table 2.4 SUMMARY keywords

Keyword Description

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SCHEDULE sectionThe new SCHEDULE keywords are:

FWSRU Minimum tested rate not sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

FWSSP Period for which the target sustainable rate could be maintained for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water. If the target sustainable rate was maintained for the entire test period, this is equal to the test period.

FWSTP Test period for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

GWSPR Target sustainable rate for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

GWSRL Maximum tested rate sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

GWSRU Minimum tested rate not sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

GWSSP Period for which the target sustainable rate could be maintained for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water. If the target sustainable rate was maintained for the entire test period, this is equal to the test period.

GWSTP Test period for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

RGPTF Requests output of the regional free gas production total.

RGPTS Requests output of the regional solution gas production total.

RGPRF Requests output of the regional free gas production rate.

RGPRS Requests output of the regional solution gas production rate.

Table 2.5 SCHEDULE Keywords

Keyword DescriptionTIME This keyword has been added to ECLIPSE 100 to allow the times of report

steps to be specified. Previously this was only available in ECLIPSE 300.

EXCAVATE Allows the user to specify grid blocks to be removed from the simulation during a run.

Table 2.4 SUMMARY keywords

Keyword Description

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New keywords in ECLIPSE 300

GRID sectionThe new GRID section keywords are:

PROPS sectionThe new PROPS section keywords are;

Table 2.6 GRID keywords

Keyword DescriptionRPTINIT The keyword has been added to allow the user to control GRID and EDIT output

to the .INIT or .FINIT file. When the keyword is specified along with a series of mnemonics, only PORV and the mnemonics specified will be output to the .INIT or .FINIT file. This has been extended to include cartesian LGRs, radial LGRs and nested LGRs.

ROCKFRAC Set rock volume from a fractional value multiplied with the grid cell bulk volume.

Table 2.7 PROPS keywords

Keyword DescriptionGRAVCONS This keyword has been added to allow the user to override the defaulted gravity

constant value.

MIXWPERM Activates an alternative (mixed) water relative permeability calculation.

MIXACTO Used to specify the oil activity functions for soluble components.

MIXACTG Used to specify the gas activity functions for soluble components.

TRANGE This keyword is now allowed to be set in PROPS section. The default for Items 1 and 2 (the minimum and maximum temperature expected) are 1 °C and 2000 °C, respectively. The allowable lower limit for Item 1 is -100 °C and that for Item 2 is 1 °C.

ROCKPMAT Used to specify the Thermal Palmer-Mansoori rock model.

ACTCO2S Used to specify the CO2 activity coefficient model.

ROCKTRMX Allows the user to input transmissibility variation parameters for each grid cell in the X-direction.

ROCKTRMY Allows the user to input transmissibility variation parameters for each grid cell in the Y-direction.

ROCKTRMZ Allows the user to input transmissibility variation parameters for each grid cell in the Z-direction.

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SUMMARY sectionThe new SUMMARY keywords are:

Table 2.8 SUMMARY keywords

Keyword DescriptionFAGIP Field gas in place (aqueous phase) - compatible with the CO2SOL, H2SSOL and

GASSOL options.

BWIP Block water in place.

NLINSMIN Output the actual minimum number of linear iterations in the Newton iterations within each time step.

NLINSMAX Output the actual maximum number of linear iterations in the Newton iterations within each time step.

TCPUTR Total CPU time used in tracer calculations.

TCPUTRSV Total CPU time used in tracer calculations by implicit solver.

TCPULGTR Total CPU time used in LAGTRAC streamline tracing.

TCPULGSV Total CPU time used in the LAGTRAC tracer solver.

RCOM Regional molar amount of component dissolved in oil.

RCWM Regional molar amount of component dissolved in water.

RCGMI Regional molar amount of component trapped in gas.

RCGMM Regional molar amount of component mobile in gas.

ROIR Region oil injection rate.

RGIR Region gas injection rate.

RWIR Region water injection rate.

ROIT Region oil injection total.

RGIT Region gas injection total.

RWIT Region water injection total.

FOSPR Target sustainable rate for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

FOSRL Maximum tested rate sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

FOSRU Minimum tested rate not sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

FOSSP Period for which the target sustainable rate could be maintained for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil. If the target sustainable rate was maintained for the entire test period, this is equal to the test period.

FOSTP Test period for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

GOSPR Target sustainable rate for most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

GOSRL Maximum tested rate sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

GOSRU Minimum tested rate not sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

GOSSP Period for which the target sustainable rate could be maintained for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil. If the target sustainable rate was maintained for the entire test period, this is equal to the test period.

GOSTP Test period for the most recent sustainable capacity test for oil.

FWSPR Target sustainable rate for most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

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FWSRL Maximum tested rate sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

FWSRU Minimum tested rate not sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

FWSSP Period for which the target sustainable rate could be maintained for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water. If the target sustainable rate was maintained for the entire test period, this is equal to the test period.

FWSTP Test period for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

GWSPR Target sustainable rate for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

GWSRL Maximum tested rate sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

GWSRU Minimum tested rate not sustained for the test period during the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

GWSSP Period for which the target sustainable rate could be maintained for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water. If the target sustainable rate was maintained for the entire test period, this is equal to the test period.

GWSTP Test period for the most recent sustainable capacity test for water.

CVPRL Gives the production flow rate in a lumped completion. Identical to CVFRL.

CVIRL Gives the injection flow rate in a lumped completion. Numerically equivalent to CVFRL but the sign is reversed.

WXXXL Exact equivalents to the matching CXXXL lumped completion mnemonics, except that the lumped connection number is specified in place of the indexes.

W/G/FOPRT Well/group/field oil production rate target/limit.

W/G/FWPRT Well/group/field water production rate target/limit.

W/G/FGPRT Well/group/field gas production rate target/limit.

W/G/FLPRT Well/group/field liquid production rate target/limit.

W/G/FJPRT Well/group/field linearly combined production rate target/limit.

W/G/FVPRT Well/group/field reservoir volume production rate target/limit.

W/G/FOIRT Well/group/field oil injection rate target/limit.

W/G/FWIRT Well/group/field water injection rate target/limit.

W/G/FGIRT Well/group/field gas injection rate target/limit.

W/G/FVIRT Well/group/field reservoir volume injection rate target/limit.

AAQTD Aquifer dimensionless time (Carter-Tracy aquifers only)

AAQPD Aquifer dimensionless pressure (Carter-Tracy aquifers only)

MEMORYTS Outputs the maximum current memory usage across processors as reported by the operating system.

NBYTOT Outputs the peak usage of dynamically allocated memory as reported the simulator internal memory allocator. Note that some memory allocations are performed by other mechanisms and are not accounted for by this summary quantity. In parallel, this is the maximum across processors.

CVPR Gives the production flow rate in a completion. Identical to CVFR.

CVIR Gives the injection flow rate in a completion. Numerically equivalent to CVFR but the sign is reversed.

WDOPR Secondary well oil production rate.

Table 2.8 SUMMARY keywords

Keyword Description

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WDWPR Secondary well water production rate.

WDGPR Secondary well gas production rate.

WDLPR Secondary well liquid production rate.

WDVPR Secondary well reservoir volume production rate.

WDOPT Secondary well oil production total.

WDWPT Secondary well water production total.

WDGPT Secondary well gas production total.

WDLPT Secondary well liquid production total.

WDVPT Secondary well reservoir volume production total.

WDWIR Secondary well water injection rate.

WDGIR Secondary well gas injection rate.

WDWIT Secondary well water injection total.

WDGIT Secondary well gas injection total.

WDOGR Secondary well oil-gas ratio.

WDGOR Secondary well gas-oil ratio.

WDGLR Secondary well gas-liquid ratio.

WDWGR Secondary well water-gas ratio.

WDWCT Secondary well water cut.

WDTEM Secondary well temperature.

WDPR Secondary well pressure.

GDOPR Group oil production rate including secondary well contributions.

GDWPR Group water production rate including secondary well contributions.

GDGPR Group gas production rate including secondary well contributions.

GDLPR Group liquid production rate including secondary well contributions.

GDVPR Group reservoir volume production rate including secondary well contributions.

GDOPT Group oil production total including secondary well contributions.

GDWPT Group water production total including secondary well contributions.

GDGPT Group gas production total including secondary well contributions.

GDLPT Group liquid production total including secondary well contributions.

GDVPT Group reservoir volume production total including secondary well contributions.

GDWIR Group water injection rate including secondary well contributions

GDGIR Group gas injection rate including secondary well contributions.

GDWIT Group water injection total including secondary well contributions.

GDGIT Group gas injection total including secondary well contributions.

GDOGR Group oil-gas ratio including secondary well contributions.

GDGOR Group gas-oil ratio including secondary well contributions.

GDGLR Group gas-liquid ratio including secondary well contributions.

GDWGR Group water-gas ratio including secondary well contributions.

GDWCT Group water cut including secondary well contributions.

FDOPR Field oil production rate including secondary well contributions.

Table 2.8 SUMMARY keywords

Keyword Description

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SCHEDULE sectionThe new SCHEDULE section keywords are:

FDWPR Field water production rate including secondary well contributions.

FDGPR Field gas production rate including secondary well contributions.

FDLPR Field liquid production rate including secondary well contributions.

FDVPR Field reservoir volume production rate including secondary well contributions.

FDOPT Field oil production total including secondary well contributions.

FDWPT Field water production total including secondary well contributions.

FDGPT Field gas production total including secondary well contributions.

FDLPT Field liquid production total including secondary well contributions.

FDVPT Field reservoir volume production total including secondary well contributions.

FDWIR Field water injection rate including secondary well contributions

FDGIR Field gas injection rate including secondary well contributions.

FDWIT Field injection total including secondary well contributions.

FDGIT Field gas injection total including secondary well contributions.

FDOGR Field oil-gas ratio including secondary well contributions.

FDGOR Field gas-oil ratio including secondary well contributions.

FDGLR Field gas-liquid ratio including secondary well contributions.

FDWGR Field water-gas ratio including secondary well contributions.

FDWCT Field water cut including secondary well contributions.

Table 2.9 SCHEDULE keyword

Keyword DescriptionRPRKPAME Output rock compaction ROCKPAME pore volume and permeability multipliers

versus pressure for a given cell.

SCONPROD Specify secondary well production controls.

SCONINJE Specify secondary well injection controls.

STEST Test whether a closed secondary well should be reopened.

WSEGWELL Associate a segment of a multi-segment well with a secondary well name.

Table 2.8 SUMMARY keywords

Keyword Description

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Altered keywords in 2010.1

Altered keywords in ECLIPSE 100

RUNSPEC sectionThe altered RUNSPEC keywords are:

GRID sectionThe altered GRID keywords are:

Table 2.10 Altered RUNSPEC keywords

Keyword DescriptionUDQDIMS Item 11 has been added to this keyword. This can be used to request that a new

random number generator seed is computed for restart cases, as opposed to using the seed from the base case simulation. This seed affects the new UDQ functions RRNDN and RRNDU.

UDADIMS The UDADIMS keyword has been redefined. Item 1 specifies the number of keyword arguments in which UDQs replace numeric values. Item 2 has been retained for back compatibility. Item 3 specifies the number of instances in which a UDQ is used in a keyword argument.

PETOPTS A new NEWTRAN mnemonic has been added to this keyword for compatibility with ECLIPSE 300. It has no effect.

REGDIMS New items 8 and 9 have been added to this keyword. These can be used to specify the maximum number of work arrays, double precision and integer respectively, for use with the OPERATE and OPERATER keywords.

WELLDIMS Item 11 of this keyword can now be used to specify the maximum number of lists that a well may belong to at any one time.

WSEGSOLV The default values of items 3 and 4 have been modified. There is also a new item 6 which sets the gradient linearization limit for ICD segments

Table 2.11 Altered GRID keywords

Keyword DescriptionOPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

JFUNC Invalid entries for items 1 and 6 will result in an error condition.

JFUNCR Invalid entries for items 1 and 6 will result in an error condition.

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EDIT sectionThe altered EDIT keywords are:

PROPS sectionThe altered PROPS keywords are:

REGIONS sectionThe altered REGIONS keywords are:

Table 2.12 Altered EDIT keywords

Keyword DescriptionOPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

Table 2.13 Altered PROPS keywords

Keyword DescriptionRPTPROPS If output of the PVTO tables is selected, the interpolated versions of the tables will

also be printed if API tracking has been specified

OPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

TRACER The fourth item of this keyword now accepts the value MULT which specifies a multi-partitioned tracer.

TRACER A sixth item of this keyword was added to specify the phase concentration to use in adsorption calculations for partitioned tracers.

TRDCY This keyword was extended to allow specification of individual tracer decay half-life for each phase that a tracer partitions into.

TRDIF This keyword was extended to allow specification of individual tracer diffusion coefficients for each phase that a tracer partitions into.

RPTPROPS If used with multi-partitioned tracers, the mnemonics TRADS, TRROCK and TRDCY now output adsorption data, tables of partitioning coefficients and decay and diffusions parameters for each phase that the tracer partitions into.

Table 2.14 Altered REGIONS keywords

Keyword DescriptionOPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

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SOLUTION sectionThe altered SOLUTION keywords are:

SUMMARY sectionThe altered SUMMARY keywords are:

SCHEDULE sectionThe altered SCHEDULE keywords are:

Table 2.15 Altered SOLUTION keywords

Keyword DescriptionOPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

RPTSOL If used with multi-partitioned tracers, the mnemonic TRACER in now outputs tracer concentrations for each phase that the tracer partitions into.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to have a seventh argument, which specifies a fluid-in-place region set to use instead of OPERNUM.

Table 2.16 Altered SUMMARY keywords

Keyword DescriptionC* and LC* All completion SUMMARY mnemonics (beginning with C) and local completion

SUMMARY mnemonics (beginning with LC) now allow the well name to be defaulted using the wildcard character ‘*’.

Table 2.17 Altered SCHEDULE keywords

Keyword DescriptionUDQ This keyword has been extended to include two new functions, RRNDU and

RRNDN, which use a different random number generator seed value for each simulation. These new functions are similar to the existing RANDU and RANDN functions but those functions use a fixed seed value that is set in the UDQPARAM keyword.

CECON Some of the items of this keyword can be set using a UDQ. These items are: Item 6 - Maximum water cut (water-liquid ratio); Item 7 - Maximum gas-oil ratio; Item 8 - Maximum water-gas ratio; Item 11- Minimum oil production rate; and Item 12 - Minimum gas production rate.

GCONPRI Some of the items of this keyword can be set using a UDQ. These items are: Item 2- Oil production rate upper limit; Item 4 - Water production rate upper limit; Item 6 - Gas production rate upper limit; Item 8 - Liquid production rate upper limit; Item 10 - Reservoir fluid volume production rate upper limit; Item 11 - Reservoir volume production balancing fraction upper limit; and Item 16 - Linearly combined rate target or upper limit.

GCONSUMP Items 2 and 3 can be set using UDQs.

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OPTIONS keywordThe altered OPTIONS are:

GSSCPTST Added the ORAT and WRAT control modes in the options list of item 2.

GTADD The second and third items (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition will be performed.

GTMULT The second and third items (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the multiplication will be performed.

WSEGTABL Item 8 of this keyword (the ALQ value used in a table look-up) can be set using a UDQ.

WTADD The second item (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition will be performed.

WTMULT The second item (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the multiplication will be performed.

LINCOM All items can be set using a UDQ.

RPTSCHED If used with multi-partitioned tracers, the mnemonic TRACER in now outputs tracer concentrations for each phase that the tracer partitions into.

WLIST Wells may now belong to more than one list at a a time, up to a maximum specified by item 11 of WELLDIMS.

WLISTNAM Wells may now belong to more than one list at a a time, up to a maximum specified by item 11 of WELLDIMS.

Table 2.18 Altered OPTIONS

Switch Description123 This option affects the behavior of Carter-Tracy aquifer influence function tables.

In 2009.1, the interpolation of influence function tables has been improved. The handling of extrapolated data was modified in 2009.2. In 2010.1, the default Carter-Tracy influence table has been extended to cover larger dimensionless time values. If set to 1, the pre-2009.1 behavior is restored. If set to 2, the 2009.1 behavior is restored. If set to 3, the 2009.2 behavior is restored.

140 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior for the interpolation of PVTO tables for API tracking is restored. For the 2009.2 version onwards the interpolation procedure has been modified to avoid duplicate Rs nodes which could occur for some combinations of table data and minimum Rs node separations.

141 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior for adjusting non-neighbor connections within coarsened cells is restored. For 2009.2 onwards, the NNC ends may be moved to a different coarsened cell to avoid the situation where, after coarsening, a fault NNC no longer crosses its fault. This new algorithm may also cause slight changes in the transmissibility of other NNCs.

142 Reserved for future use.

Table 2.17 Altered SCHEDULE keywords

Keyword Description

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143 If set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2010.1 behavior for the reporting of partitioned tracer flowrates in river reaches.

144 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior for calculating flow rate limits for the WELDRAW keyword is used.

145 As explained in item 12 of WELSPECS, the hydrostatic heads calculated using segmented densities in the wellbore are damped to reduce the likelihood of stability problems. This is done by combining values from the previous time step with those of the current time step in a weighted average. An error has been identified in the implementation of this damping which meant that more damping was being applied than intended. This error has been fixed in the 2010.1 version of the simulator but has not been made the default behavior as it may result in changes in simulation results. The correct damping can be applied by setting this item to a non-zero value.

146 If set to a non-zero value, fluid in place calculations include contributions from excavated cells.

147 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior is restored for relative permeability interpolation based on capillary number in the surfactant model. For the 2010.1 version onwards the interpolation between immiscible and miscible relative permeability curves is only performed for blocks with a non-zero surfactant concentration. The immiscible curves are used for blocks with a zero surfactant concentration.

148 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior of river infiltration equations in the unsaturated regime is restored.

149 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior is restored for solving tracers in combination with Multi-Segmented Wells (MSWs). For the 2010.1 version onwards, an error has been fixed in the coupled iterative solution of the tracers which previously led to wrong tracer rates and concentrations in the MSW segments. The change affects single phase, two phase and partitioned tracers.

150 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior is restored for GECON argument 8. For the 2010.1 version onwards, the simulation will not be stopped if a group includes a follow-on well due to be opened in the next time step.

151 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior is restored for calculating transmissibility across a pinchout when argument 4 of the PINCH keyword is set to ALL. The transmissibility was only affected for pinchouts of more than one cell.

152 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior for the RPTRST mnemonic RFIP is restored. The pre-2010.1 behavior calculated reservoir fluid-in-place to be surface fluid-in-place multiplied by formation volume factor. From 2010.1, this is calculated as pore volume multiplied by saturation.

Table 2.18 Altered OPTIONS

Switch Description

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Altered keywords in ECLIPSE 300

RUNSPEC sectionThe altered RUNSPEC keywords are:

Table 2.19 Altered RUNSPEC keywords in ECLIPSE 300

Keyword DescriptionUDQDIMS Item 11 has been added to this keyword. This can be used to request that a new

random number generator seed is computed for restart cases (as opposed to using the seed from the base case simulation). This seed affects the new UDQ functions RRNDN and RRNDU.

UDADIMS The UDADIMS keyword has been redefined. Item 1 specifies the number of keyword arguments in which UDQs replace numeric values. Item 2 has been retained for back compatibility. Item 3 specifies the number of instances in which a UDQ is used in a keyword argument.

EOS The EOS keyword when specified in the RUNSPEC section must have EoS models specified for all EoS regions. Previously only one EoS region model had to be specified. This does not affect the EOS keyword when specified in the PROPS section.

PETOPTS A new OLDORNNC mnemonic has been added to this keyword which reverts the order of the .INIT file data for non-neighbor connections between global cells to that seen pre-2010.1.

PETOPTS A new NEWTRAN mnemonic has been added to this keyword. This forces fault transmissibilities to be calculated even for corner point geometry, which is necessary for correct treatment of coarsened cells containing faults.

JALS A new item 4 has been added to this keyword. This can be used to switch on an extra residual check.

REGDIMS New items 8 and 9 have been added to this keyword. These can be used to specify the maximum number of work arrays, double precision and integer respectively, for use with the OPERATE and OPERATER keywords.

WSEGSOLV The default values of items 3 and 4 have been modified. There is also a new item 6 which sets the gradient linearization limit for ICD segments.

WELLDIMS A new item 13 has been added to this keyword. This can be used to specify the maximum number of secondary wells in the simulation. If unspecified, the default value is 10.

ROCKCOMP A new item TPLM-MAN has been added to this keyword. This can be used to specify the Thermal Palmer-Mansoori model.

ROCKCOMP Items 4 and 5 have been added to define a model which can be used to specify the dependence of transmissibility on fluid porosity.

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GRID sectionThe altered GRID keywords are:

EDIT sectionThe altered EDIT keywords are:

PROPS sectionThe altered PROPS keywords are:

Table 2.20 Altered GRID keywords in ECLIPSE 300

Keyword DescriptionPINCH Items 4 and 5 are now available in ECLIPSE 300 as well as ECLIPSE 100. They

allow extra control over the calculation of pinchout transmissibility.

OPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

RPTGRID This keyword has been expanded to allow the user to output DPNUM information to the .PRT file.

RPTGRIDL This keyword has been expanded to allow the user to output DPNUM information to the .PRT file.

PERMMF This keyword can now be used with EQUALS.

Table 2.21 Altered EDIT keywords in ECLIPSE 300

Keyword DescriptionOPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

Table 2.22 Altered PROPS keywords in ECLIPSE 300

Keyword DescriptionOPTODD3P Item 1 of this keyword is now defaulted to a value of 4 which selects the 2009.2

onwards version of the ODD3P relative permeability and capillary pressure hysteresis option. Pre 2009.2 behavior can be restored by selecting other values for this item.

RPTPROPS Mnemonics SWF3 and SGF3 now output, in addition to the input saturation function tables, the 3-phase relative permeabilities for water and gas respectively, for the IKU3P model.

OPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

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REGIONS sectionThe altered REGIONS keywords are:

SOLUTION sectionThe altered SOLUTION keywords are:

SUMMARY sectionThe altered SUMMARY mnemonics are:

Table 2.23 Altered REGIONS keywords in ECLIPSE 300

Keyword DescriptionOPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include

two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

Table 2.24 Altered SOLUTION keywords in ECLIPSE 300

Keyword DescriptionRPTRST The RPTRST keyword now allows the mnemonics BG, BO and BW. These are phase

formation-volume-factors not molar densities.

OPERATE This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to allow the use of work arrays, and to include two new operators, ABS and MULTIPLY.

OPERATER This keyword has been extended to have a seventh argument, which specifies a fluid-in-place region set to use instead of OPERNUM.

Table 2.25 Altered SUMMARY mnemonics

Mnemonic DescriptionC* and LC* All completion SUMMARY mnemonics (beginning with C) and local completion

SUMMARY mnemonics (beginning with LC) now allow the well name to be defaulted (by using the wildcard character ‘*’).

RWPR Group and well efficiency factors are now included in region water production rates.

ROPR Group and well efficiency factors are now included in region oil production rates.

RGPR Group and well efficiency factors are now included in region gas production rates.

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SCHEDULE sectionThe altered SCHEDULE keywords are:

Table 2.26 Altered SCHEDULE keywords in ECLIPSE 300

Keyword DescriptionADDREG This keyword may be used in the SCHEDULE section. However, this is a

specialist facility. Regions (pre-defined by the FIPxxxx keyword in the REGIONS section) can be used in item 4. This will allow the following arrays to be modified: DIFFMMF, MULSGGD(V), MULTSIG(V), MULTX/Y/Z, PERMX/Y/Z, PORO, SIGMA(V) and WORK(1/2).

CECON Some of the items of this keyword can be set using a UDQ. These items are: Item 6 - Maximum water cut (water-liquid ratio); Item 7 - Maximum gas-oil ratio; Item 8 - Maximum water-gas ratio; Item 11- Minimum oil production rate; and Item 12 - Minimum gas production rate.

EQUALREG This keyword may be used in SCHEDULE section. However, this is a specialist facility. Regions (pre-defined by the FIPxxxx keyword in the REGIONS section) can be used in item 4. This will allow the following arrays to be modified: DIFFMMF, MULSGGD(V), MULTSIG(V), MULTX/Y/Z, PERMX/Y/Z, PORO, SIGMA(V) and WORK(1/2).

GCONPRI Some of the items of this keyword can be set using a UDQ. These items are: Item 2- Oil production rate upper limit; Item 4 - Water production rate upper limit; Item 6 - Gas production rate upper limit; Item 8 - Liquid production rate upper limit; Item 10 - Reservoir fluid volume production rate upper limit; Item 11 - Reservoir volume production balancing fraction upper limit; Item 12 - Wet gas production rate upper limit; Item 14 - Surface gas volume production balancing fraction upper limit; Item 15 - Surface water volume production balancing fraction upper limit; and Item 16 - Linearly combined rate target or upper limit.

GSSCPTST Added the ORAT and WRAT control modes in the options list of item 2.

GTADD The second item (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition will be performed.

GTMULT The second item (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the multiplication will be performed.

LINCOM All items may be set using a UDQ.MULTIREG This keyword may be used in SCHEDULE section. However, this is a specialist

facility. Regions (pre-defined by the FIPxxxx keyword in the REGIONS section) can be used in Item 4. This will allow the following arrays to be modified: DIFFMMF, MULSGGD(V), MULTSIG(V), MULTX/Y/Z, PERMX/Y/Z, PORO, SIGMA(V) and WORK(1/2).

OPERATER This keyword may be used in SCHEDULE section. However, this is a specialist facility. Regions (pre-defined by the FIPxxxx keyword in the REGIONS section) can be used in item 7 instead of OPERNUM. This will allow the following arrays to be modified: DIFFMMF, MULSGGD(V), MULTSIG(V), MULTX/Y/Z, PERMX/Y/Z, PORO, SIGMA(V) and WORK(1/2).

RPTRST The RPTRST keyword now allows the BG, BO and BW mnemonics.These are phase formation-volume-factors not molar densities.

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RPTRST When BASIC=2 or RESTART is used with thermal runs containing the ENKRVT keyword restart output will be generated for PKRG, PKRO, PKRW, PKRGE, PKRWE, PKROGE and PKROWE. These are processed or temperature-scaled relative permeabilities.

RPTRST When BASIC=2 or RESTART is used with thermal runs containing the ENPCVT keyword restart output will be generated for PPCG and PPCW. These are processed or temperature-scaled capillary pressures.

TRANGE The default for the Item 2 (the maximum temperature expected) is modified to 2000 °C. The allowable lower limit for Item 1 (the minimum temperature expected) is -100 °C and that for Item 2 is 1 °C.

UDQ This keyword has been extended to include two new functions, RRNDU and RRNDN, which use a different random number generator seed value for each simulation. These new functions are similar to the existing RANDU and RANDN functions but those functions use a fixed seed value that was set in the UDQPARAM keyword.

WECONCMF Item 3 of this keyword (the maximum mole fraction) can be set using a UDQ.WELOPEN This keyword no longer produces an error message if wells completed in a local

grid refinement are specified in it. Instead a warning message is output and the offending well is skipped.

WPIMULT This keyword no longer produces an error message if wells completed in a local grid refinement are specified in it. Instead a warning message is output and the offending well is skipped.

WSCCLEAN This keyword no longer produces an error message if wells completed in a local grid refinement are specified in it. Instead a warning message is output and the offending well is skipped.

WSEGTABL Item 8 of this keyword (the ALQ value used in a table look-up) can be set using a UDQ.

WTADD The second item (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the addition will be performed.

WTMULT The second item (control quantity) can be set using a UDQ. A new item (Item 4) is also added to specify the number of subsequent report steps at which the multiplication will be performed.

MULTPV This keyword can be used to modify the pore volumes during the run.

WINJEDET The second and subsequent items of this keyword can be set using a UDQ.

Table 2.26 Altered SCHEDULE keywords in ECLIPSE 300

Keyword Description

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OPTIONS3 keywordThe altered OPTIONS3 switches are:

Table 2.27 Altered OPTIONS3 switches

Switch Description43 The behavior of this switch has changed when a value of 2 is specified. Prior to

2010.1, it suppressed the output of an error message, but now it suppresses the output of a warning message.

170 If set to 1, the pre-2009.1 behavior for the interpolation of the Carter-Tracy aquifer influence function tables is restored. If set to 2 the pre-2010.1 behavior for the default Carter-Tracy aquifer influence function table is restored.

189 OPTIONS3 switch 189 has been modified. Now, by default, a rigorous density inversion check is performed after scalar flash. If this switch is set to -1, the check will not be performed. If set to 2, this activates the density inversion check during the vector flash as well as the post-scalar flash.

193 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior is restored for the calculation of the minimum oil saturation for the Stone 1 relative permeability model with end-point scaling and with either the SOMGAS or the SOMWAT keyword specified. This switch is only relevant if the critical oil-in-gas (SOGCR) or critical oil-water (SOWCR) end-point saturations are zero.

194 If set to a positive value, pre-2009.2 LAGTRAC calculations are recovered:

• If divisible by 2, streamline update and retrace times are calculated as they were for 2009.1.

• If divisible by 3, streamline tracing uses the 2009.1 cell porosity calculation.

• If divisible by 5, streamline tracing ignores rock compressibility.

• If divisible by 7, streamline flow rates are calculated using the 2009.1 well/group efficiency method.

195 If set to a positive value, the pre-2009.2 SORMW1 initial compositional is used. That composition consists of a SORMW1 fraction of (xi*mi) where xi is the liquid fraction and mi is the molar density.

196 If set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2009.2 behavior for VELDEP models using radial geometry.

197 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior for adjusting non-neighbor connections within coarsened cells is restored. For 2009.2 onwards, the NNC ends may be moved to a different coarsened cell to avoid the situation where, after coarsening, a fault NNC no longer crosses its fault. This new algorithm may also cause slight changes in the transmissibility of other NNCs.

198 For developer use.

199 If set to 1, this enables an alternative Ezrokhi calculation.

200 If set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2010.1 fluid-in-place calculation for any ECLIPSE 300 data set that does not contain COAL or SOLID.

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201 This item affects the method used to calculate the SUMMARY mnemonics BOIP, BGIP, BOIPL, BOIPG, BGIPL and BGIPG. It also affects the vectors output in the restart file when using SFIP in RPTRST.

• If set to 1, the SUMMARY mnemonics and the vectors are calculated using the separators defined by FIPSEP and the regions defined by FIPNUM.

• If set to 2, this reverts to the pre-2010.1 behavior where the SUMMARY options are calculated using the separators defined by FIPSEP and the vectors are calculated using the separator defined by FIELDSEP.

Otherwise, SUMMARY options and vectors are calculated using the separator defined by FIELDSEP.

202 If set to a positive value, pre-2010.1 LAGTRAC calculations are recovered.

• If divisible by 2 the pre-2010.1 method for solving LUMPING tracers is used.

• If divisible by 3 the pre-2010.1 handling of well connections is used.

• If divisible by 5 the pre-2010.1 calculation of the number of streamlines to be traced is used.

203 If set to a positive value, then LUMPING tracers solved using LAGTRAC are renormalized using an alternative method. LUMPING tracers will be constrained to lie between the previous time-step solution and the un-renormalized solution for each cell, and therefore may not sum to the lumped carrier component density.

204 If set to a non-zero value, this enables the pre-2009.2 calculation method for segments whose pressure drop is defined using VFP tables.

205 If set to a positive value, this enables the pre-2009.2 behavior of ACTIONX with WDYNLIST.

206 Require that two successive Newton iterations converge.

207 If set to 1, this activates the alternative Jacobian construction for CO2SOL/H2SSOL/GASSOL.

208 If set to a non-zero value, pre 2009.2 behavior is restored whereby the SPECHS keyword may be omitted for thermal models with one or more components exhibiting solid phases.

209 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior is restored and items 4 and 5 of the PINCH keyword are disabled.

210 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior of the well inflow performance relationship calculations is restored. This mainly affects Open ECLIPSE queries ending IPRA, IPRB or IPRC for wells with injecting connections.

211 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2009.2 behavior of gas lift for wells drilled using the QDRILL keyword is used. If lift gas is specified for a closed well using WCONPROD prior to 2009.2 then no lift gas will be used if the well is opened using QDRILL.

212 If set to a positive value the pre 2009.2 behaviour when calculating default rock volumes for a coal bed methane, instant adsorption model is activated.

Table 2.27 Altered OPTIONS3 switches

Switch Description

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213 As explained in item 12 of WELSPECS, the hydrostatic heads calculated using segmented densities in the wellbore are damped to reduce the likelihood of stability problems. This is done by combining values from the previous time step with those of the current time step in a weighted average. An error has been identified in the implementation of this damping which meant that more damping was being applied than intended. This error has been fixed in the 2010.1 version of the simulator but has not been made the default behavior as it may result in changes in simulation results. The correct damping can be applied by setting this item to a non-zero value.

214 If set to a non-zero value, this enables the pre-2009.2 John Appleyard Linear Solver (JALS).

215 If set to 1, the alternative handling of ROCK keyword and its functionality.

216 If set to a non-zero value this enables the pre-2010.1 behavior of GRUPRIG and WDRILTIM.

217 If set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2010.1 behavior for thermal heavy-oil equilibration.

218 If set to a non-zero value, this restores the pre-2010.1 thermal temperature limits.

219 If set to a non-zero value, this enables the pre-2010.1 thermal rock-filled convergence method.

221 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior for the BDENSITY keyword is activated.

223 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 treatment of updating the well PI for the rock-crushing option (using the ROCKTAB and ROCKTABH keywords) is used. This will only affect summary output for the completion connection factor, CTFAC.

224 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 behavior is restored for the termination of import to or export from a segment in a multi-segment well using the WSEGEXSS keyword.

225 If set to 1, this enables an alternative saturation pressure calculation in GASWAT cases.

226 Prior to 2010.1, the output of the input oil-water capillary pressure tabular data using the EPSDEBUG or EPSDBGS keyword reported the data in GRAF format with the sign reversed as compared to the input data. This sign reversal has now been removed but may be reinstated by setting this item to a non-zero value.

227 Prior to 2010.1 well fluid composition was set to zero internally for wells with no production. From 2010.1 well fluid composition is set from the well potential solution in this situation to facilitate the later calculation of reservoir fluid volume rate targets. The pre-2010.1 behavior may be recovered by setting this item to a non-zero value.

228 If set to 1 or 3, this restores the pre-2010.1 EoS cubic root selection method for the saturation pressure calculation in flash. If set to 2 or 3, this restores the pre-2010.1 EoS cubic root selection method for the single-phase molar density calculation in flash.

229 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 calculation of availability limits is used. This changes the calculation of availability limit if the WEFAC and/or GEFAC keywords are used in conjunction with WAVAILIM.

Table 2.27 Altered OPTIONS3 switches

Switch Description

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230 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 use of the GEFAC keyword for transparent groups is applied. This changes group rate allocations of higher level targets if an intermediate, unconstrained group has a non-zero group efficiency factor.

231 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 asphaltene deposition will be used. The new behavior improves the handling of the deposition model.

232 If set to 1, the pre-2010.1 pure water density model is activated for CO2STORE.

233 If set to a non-zero value, this enables the pre-2010.1 behavior for handling zero or negative DZ.

234 If set to a non-zero value the pre-2010.1 default for WELSEGS top segment effective wellbore volume is used.

235 The transmissibility and diffusivity for dual and multi porosity connections now use the simulation grid cell bulk volume and not the sum of the cell pore volume and cell rock volume. For most cases these will be equal, but for thermal and coal bed methane runs the assignment of rock volume might result in differences. The pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting this item to 1.

236 The behavior when failing to converge in a thermal simulation has been improved. This includes not chopping on a minimum timestep until the maximum number of Newton iterations have been solved. The pre-2010.1 behavior can be restored by setting this item to 1.

237 If set to a non-zero value region production and injection rates do not include well and group efficiency factors (WEFAC and/or GEFAC) in their calculation.

238 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 method for interpreting group injection inheritance rules will be restored. For 2010.1, the group injection inheritance linkage is automatically re-evaluated when the injection fluid changes to ensure that the correct fluid properties are used.

239 If set to a non-zero value, the pre-2010.1 method for inferring injection gas injection composition from GINJGAS when using WCONINJH will be restored. In some cases, it has been found that the injection gas composition is not correctly inferred when using GINJGAS with WCONINJH and without group control. This has been rectified in 2010.1.

Table 2.27 Altered OPTIONS3 switches

Switch Description

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FrontSim

FrontSim 2010.1FrontSim is the reservoir simulator of choice for dynamic reservoir engineering workflows. FrontSim 2010.1 has focused on enabling these workflows within Petrel Reservoir Engineering.

The FrontSim 2010.1 release is focused on

• Workflow enablement through Petrel Reservoir Engineering

• Performance enhancements

• Reliability, consistency and compatibility with ECLIPSE

FrontSim 2010.1 has extended native, threading multi-core technology to cover both pressure and streamline saturation solvers. On average, a user should expect to experience a noticeable speed up on a typical three-phase black-oil case on a modern multi-core CPU.

ECLIPSE compatibility has been improved. This has made it particularly feasible to run an ECLIPSE black oil model in history mode, and to obtain ECLIPSE-compatible results with the usual benefits of a streamline simulator.

FrontSim 2010.1 has added new features to support geologic ranking and screening workflows, and improved usability on workflows for Pattern Flood Management (PFM) rate allocation prediction. Simple automatic sink and source functionality has been added for GEOFLOFS screening runs. This allows FrontSim to make sensitivity runs for a sweeping recovery based on the spatial density of wells, and to report screening sweeping on reservoir zones. There is now support for irregular reservoir boundary pressure drive sweeping GEOFLOFS runs. The user can run dynamic sweeping on a general geologic scale reservoir model, for the purpose of computing a series of upscaled reservoir models to explore complex and field-constrained recovery mechanisms.

Usability has improved in FrontSim 2010.1 for PFM pattern-based predictive rate allocations. Based on the pattern-based rate allocations, FrontSim now offers reliable field and pattern pressure maintenance and pressure controls. FrontSim PFM can honor injector group and individual rate limits, and producer group or individual rate limits. Honoring facility constraints and limits are an important step to make PFM practical for field studies with the possible support of many thousands of wells. FrontSim PFM rate allocations should allow a workflow to achieve rate and pressure constraints pattern-by-pattern for an entire field.

FrontSim 2010.1 supports streamline generation and visualization on ECLIPSE and FrontSim models using restart files. A user can enable streamline visualization for most ECLIPSE models including models with LGRs. These generated streamlines can be imported into Petrel RE and filtered for display. A user may want to improve the streamline visualization experience on an existing ECLIPSE or FrontSim run by varying streamline densities, or to choose to visualize a streamline set using oil, water and gas phase velocities.

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Developments in 2010.1

New Facilities

Screening Geologic Models• The new keyword DEFWPAT is used to do the automatic generation of source/sink well

patterns (’pseudo’ vertical wells) for a GEOFLOFS Type 1 workflow (uncertainty quantification study).

• The GEOFLOFS output has been extended to be reported by zone (FSCAT files). The zones are defined using the new keyword ZONEMAP (only valid for GEOFLOFS Type 1 and 2).

Water Flood Management • FrontSim now honors individual production limits when running Pattern Field

Management (PFM). Even if the production targets are controlled by the injection efficiency (if they are "connected" to the pattern injectors) a new algorithm will ensure that individual production limits are not violated. OPTIONFS(57) = 2 will activate this option (production limits are off by default).

Grids and Models• The transmissibility multipliers (keywords MULTX, MULTX-, MULTY, MULTY-, MULTZ,

MULTZ-) can now be used in the SCHEDULE section to change the transmissibility at specific time during simulation.

Behavioral Changes

Screening Geologic Models• For GEOFLOFS type 3 and 4 simulations, the pressure boundary condition can now be

consistently applied to irregular boundaries. The pressure boundary condition is set for the first inactive cell at the specified boundary. A backward compatibility switch is available in OPTIONFS (parameter 70).

Water Flood Management• Production limits are honored.

• Injection RATE limits are honored.

• For the VREP option in WCONPAT, the calculation of the injection fluid rate has been slightly changed to account for the difference in pressure at the producer side and the injector side of the connecting streamline bundles. A backward compatibility switch is available in OPTIONFS (parameter 72).

Well Management

• NTG can be used when calculating KH for well blocks (only used for Z-penetrated well blocks).

• There is a new item 12 in the GCONINJE keyword.

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• For the VREP option in GCONINJE and re-injection option in WCONINJ, the calculation of the injection fluid rate has been slightly changed to account for the difference in pressure in the producers and injectors. The new implementation is compatible with ECLIPSE (only field level is available in the 2010.1 release). A backward compatibility switch is available in OPTIONFS (parameter 72).

• The value of the OPTIONFS(65) switch has been swapped. OPTIONFS(65)=1 in pre-2010 versions is equal to OPTIONFS(65)=0 in 2010.1 and vice versa.

Performance

Multi Core Parallel Option• The process of setting up the equation system (assembler) is done in parallel using multi-

threading.

New Keywords

REGIONS SectionThe following keywords have been added:.

SCHEDULE SectionThe following vectors have been added:.

Table 2.28 New REGIONS keywords

Keyword DescriptionZONEMAP Generate zone maps for point data reports

Table 2.29 New SCHEDULE keywords

Vector DescriptionDEFWPAT Auto-generation of source/sink well patterns

MULTX Transmissibility multipliers in the X-direction

MULTX- Transmissibility multipliers in the negative X-direction

MULTY Transmissibility multipliers in the Y-direction

MULTY- Transmissibility multipliers in the negative Y-direction

MULTZ Transmissibility multipliers in the Z-direction

MULTZ- Transmissibility multipliers in the negative Z-direction

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Altered KeywordsThe following keywords have been changed:.

Table 2.30 Altered keywords

Keyword DescriptionOPTIONFS Activate special program options

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ECLIPSE Pre- and Post-Processors (EPP)The focus of this release has been on the maintenance of our existing pre- and post-processors, prioritizing business critical defects. We intend to address additional issues in the 2010.2 release, expected Q4 2010, and in subsequent releases.

PVTi has been the primary focus in this release in order to improve the usability and the overall stability of the program. The focus was on fixing issues and errors found in the previous versions and implementing some developments that enhance the existing workflows.

PVTi Behavioral ChangesThese may cause changes to the results of an experiment, or alter the form or content of the output

ThermalInconsistencies in the calculation of the specific heat capacity coefficients (SPECHA - SPECHD) have been corrected. These inconsistencies led to incorrect values being exported to thermal fluid models. Therefore users with thermal fluids models exported from versions of PVTi prior to 2010.1 are strongly advised to reset these values and re-export their models.

PVTi Improvements This section describes the main areas of functionality that have been improved as a result of issues being resolved.

StabilityNumerous issues with certain workflows or poor data which caused PVTi to fail or stop working have been fixed such as:

• PVTi failing when the EoS is changed

• PVTi failing when the plus fraction is changed

• PVTi failing when generating phase envelopes.

ThermalThe pressure and temperature limits for thermal output have been increased to 1000atm and 5000K.

Input/OutputFailures in the reading and writing of PVI files have been fixed. In particular:

• stoppages and failures when importing poor data have been fixed

• an issue where the "save concise" option output did not match the full output has been fixed

• an issue where the blackoil tables were changed when saved to file has been fixed

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• the correct version number is written to output files

• sample names with decimal points are now handled correctly

• batch mode producing different results to interactive mode has been addressed.

Fluid Component Properties• The limit on maximum molecular weight has been increased to 2500.

• Inconsistencies in the BIC correlations have been fixed.

(See above for specific heat capacity coefficients changes).

User Interface (GUI)Errors and inconsistencies in the GUI have been fixed, in particular:

• inconsistent/incorrect units of properties being displayed

• non-physical ranges suggested in dialog box help.

Experiments• The results of experiments differing from version to version have been fixed.

• Errors in Psat calculation (affecting experiments also) have been fixed.

• The issue with the viscosity calculation depending on the component order has been fixed.

Documentation• Errors and inconsistencies in the documentation have been fixed.

• The help link on PVTi has been restored and shows the up-to-date manual.

DataThe tutorial and other data that come with the standard installation have been updated with the latest PVTi version.

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Chapter 3Known Issues

2010.1 Release Issues

ECLIPSE

ECLIPSE 100The keyword TRPLPORO (triple porosity feature) may not be used if dual permeability (keyword DUALPERM) is present.

ECLIPSE 3001 The ECLIPSE 300 residual oil (SORMW1 keyword) was activated for the 2008.2 release. In

some situations performance can be adversely affected. Please see the note in the keyword description for more information.

2 The Optimization option in ECLIPSE 300 will not output any solutions (PRESSURE, SOIL, etc) for time T=0 when multiple output is requested. This known issue does not cause any simulation problems in ECLIPSE 300, it only affects the visualization results for T=0 in FloViz for example.

3 In ECLIPSE 300, the BDENSITY keyword has limited application within the BRINE option. If BDENSITY is used, the simulator will only satisfactorily convert between the number of moles of water and the corresponding water volume when the salt concentration of the injected water matches the initial salt concentration in the reservoir. In such cases, this salt concentration value must be entered as the reference salt concentration in PVTWSALT.

Lagrangian Tracer SolverThe Lagrangian tracer solver (LAGTRAC keyword) is not available on the IBM power series architecture.

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Multi-segment WellsFor both ECLIPSE 100 Blackoil and ECLIPSE 300 Compositional, multi-segment wells that include a large number of segments and looped flow paths can experience severe convergence problems. When this occurs, convergence can sometimes be improved by excluding acceleration in the well pressure drop calculation method (WELSEGS item 6) and/or reducing the number of segments and loops.

Parallel ECLIPSE1 There are known limitations with the combination of PINCHXY and the Parallel option. If

the simulation model contains complex geometry, for instance, Y-shaped faults, we would recommend that the Petrel software is used to define the geometry and NNCs correctly. This information can be imported into ECLIPSE using a Generic Simulation Grid (.GSG).

2 There is a known issue concerning the use of single-porosity regions (using the DPNUM keyword) for dual-porosity parallel runs in the ECLIPSE 100 and ECIPSE 300 reservoir simulators. It principally arises where the dual-porosity region is small and is surrounded by a large single-porosity region. This is due to the fact that on some processors, only single porosity cells occur. This may result in a communication mismatch between processors with and without dual porosity cells and therefore causing the simulation to fail. The most reliable workaround is to make at least one cell on each processor dual porosity (i.e. with DPNUM=1).

Polymer (Brine)It is not recommend to use the polymer (brine) feature if connate water is close to zero as the system will then not be adequately defined. This could result in an inaccurate polymer (brine) concentration and/or convergence problems.

TracersThe injection/production of tracers in wells which have significant cross flow may lead to tracer mass balance errors due to current limitations in the tracer model. For non-linear tracers, for example environmental tracers with adsorption enabled, the issue with cross flow in wells may lead to non-linear convergence problems. The problem can be resolved by disabling the cross flow ability (please see item 10 of the WELSPECS keyword).

Shale Gas and LicensesIf you launch a dataset with COMPS=1 and CBM in the RUNSPEC section, you only need an ECLIPSE and a coalbed license to run ECLIPSE 300. However this is not supported by the license scheduling mechanisms and the job will wait for standard licenses to be available before the job starts. It will then checkout blackoil and coalbed license options as it should.

ECLIPSE Office1 When a dataset is imported from a directory other than the working directory, the contents

of the All Keywords Tab in the Case Definition can sometimes be empty. It is recommended that the Import file be first copied to the working directory. If keywords are missing after importing a case using Case Import, it is advisable to load the data directly into a new Project using File | New Project.

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2 Recently altered keywords now always appear in Generic mode; this is because additional features would have been lost in the conventional UI mode.

3 Under some circumstances, datasets beginning with an INCLUDE keyword are incorrectly parsed and it is recommended that you explicitly copy the contents of the INCLUDE file into the dataset.

4 Saturation plots do not work with negative Pcow values.

5 It is not possible to run a VOI simulation using the ECLRUN environment. This is because the FLUX files are deleted prior to the new simulation. It is highly recommended that the new simulation be moved to a fresh directory with a new name.

6 In general there is very limited support for the Dynamic Region keywords (EQUALREG, COPYREG, ADDREG, MULTIREG) within ECLIPSE Office.

7 With the Generic Keywords option ON, Multiple Realizations, Multiple Sensitivities, Correlations, Show plot, Box operations, Calculator, Update Case, View Model in Data Manager and View Model in Grid Section are disabled.

8 ECLIPSE Office is unable to calculate the totals for Summary vectors when two or more cases are loaded into the Result Viewer.

9 When the Generic Keywords option is ON, ECLIPSE Office cannot update the RUNSPEC dimensions based on the keyword data provided in the other sections. This has to be done manually using the Dimension Overrides Section.

10 Nested LGRs are not supported.

11 The Result Viewer is not capable of reading user defined units.

12 ECLIPSE Office incorrectly treats IMPES and DIMPES as aliases.

13 Launching from Petrel under a Petrel License checks out a standalone license instead of using multiple license servers.

14 XMF, YMF and ZMF are dimensioned to the number of components * grid size. If the model contains water (or multi-component water) the array will not be properly expanded.

15 FloGrid, FloViz and ECLIPSE Office fail on Linux when an image is saved in Postscript format.

16 The DATES and START keywords do not support time.

17 It is not possible to add some of the tracer keywords to the SUMMARY section using the ECLIPSE Office User Interface. For example, GTICF, GTICS, GTPCF, GTPCS, WTICF, WTICS, WTPCF, WTPCS, CTPR, CTPT.

FloGrid1 Well Auto Connect works very slowly with large grids.

2 Due to a general lack of robustness of this feature across all supported platforms it has been decided to change the default behavior of FloGrid such that the Save and Restore feature is NOT enabled. To enable the Save and Restore feature modify $eclrc.bat to remove the line.

===============================================: Turn off Save and Restore if necessary: ===============================================SET ECL_UTSR_HEAP=PROCESS

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The Save and Restore feature has been withdrawn from FloGrid for 64 bit platforms.

3 FloGrid, FloViz and ECLIPSE Office fail on Linux when an image is saved in Postscript format.

FloViz1 Visualization problems can occur in FloViz when multiple output is requested from the

Optimization option in ECLIPSE 300. It will not output any solutions (PRESSURE, SOIL, etc) for time T=0 when multiple output is requested. This known issue does not cause any simulation problems in ECLIPSE 300, it only affects the visualization results for T=0.

2 Units for SFIPOIL etc are not displayed. These units are sm3 and Mscf for SFIPGAS.

3 FloViz may fail while reading in FrontSim models which include .GRID and .INIT files if ACTNUM, in the GRID section, inactivates cells. The work around is to use Petrel.

4 FloGrid, FloViz and ECLIPSE Office fail on Linux when an image is saved in Postscript format.

FrontSim

Aquifer1 The aquifer option does not support connection to active cell faces within the grid.

2 The aquifer option does not allow a single cell face to be connected to multiple aquifers.

3 The aquifer facility in FrontSim can produce different initial transient rates compared to an ECLIPSE run on the same model. FrontSim may calculate a spike rate on a non-converged, initial, large time step. Reducing the initial time steps and tuning can help to reduce this effect. Typically the steady state aquifer rate should match with ECLIPSE.

Dual PorosityIn some Dual Porosity models the translation of volumes from reservoir to surface conditions does not exactly honor the input PVT.

End Point Scaling1 FrontSim does not allow the non-physical condition (1 - SWU) > SOWCR in cell end point

calculations.

2 The output of scaled capillary pressure to the debug file is incorrect.

Input/Output1 The Field unit output of heat capacity is incorrect.

2 Fluid in place values reported in the PRT file are in surface units for black oil. For the compositional model the values are in reservoir units and the gas in place is in Mrcf (1000 Reservoir Cubic Feet) instead of Mrb (1000 Reservoir Barrel).

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3 FloViz can fail while reading in FrontSim models that include .GRID and .INIT files if the ACTNUM keyword is present in the GRID section and is set to inactivate cells. The work around is to use Petrel.

Keywords1 The EQUALS keyword usage is not fully compatible with ECLIPSE. Use the FrontSim

Reference Manual to input the correct syntax.

2 FrontSim does not produce correct results for the MULTPV keyword in the EDIT section. This keyword functions correctly in the GRID section.

3 The EQUALS and MULTPV keywords do not work together in the EDIT section.

RestartA FrontSim run cannot be restarted from an ECLIPSE tracer run.

Saturation SolverThe default Front Tracker saturation solver can be slow for some models when run on a Windows 32 platform. A workaround is to use the PERFORM keyword to set the save flow functions to NO.

Well Model1 Wells changing to BHP control can temporarily cause group rate limits to be violated if well

rates did not converge within the limit of the newton iterations.

2 The well PI reported by FrontSim is based on total mobility and will be different from that reported by ECLIPSE which is based on the mobility of the primary phase.

3 The TRACK option in COMPORD may not always order connections in the correct order for very complex wells. You are advised to check the connections sequence for accuracy and then to order them manually. Incorrect sequences of connections can sometimes create problems during the solution process.

4 FrontSim does not yet support GRUPTREE or second tier group control using GRUPTREE.

5 FrontSim does not support THP control, but does support THP reporting.

PVTi1 First-contact and multiple-contact miscibility tests may not work for some cases with PVTi

since the 2008.1 release. The solution is to use earlier versions of PVTi.

2 Regression on Normal variables may stop working after Whitson splitting. The solution is to use Multi-feed splitting or earlier versions of PVTi (before 2007.1).

3 The Composition with Depth Experiment is limited to isothermal cases.

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Systems

Job SubmissionUsing a standalone PC to queue large numbers of jobs (greater than 25) at the same time is likely to cause problems, such memory contention, or the PC freezing and becoming unresponsive. We recommend that if you need to submit a large number of jobs that you submit them in batches of less than 25 at a time, or that you use a commercial scheduling system, such as Microsoft HPC or Platform LSF for Windows, to properly schedule and control jobs.

Licensing

Windows1 Since the 2007.2 release, ECLIPSE has been compiled to use the slbsls daemon. This

means that you can set the environment variable SLBSLS_LICENSE_FILE or SLBFD_LICENSE_FILE on Windows to pick up the licenses. Note that we now suggest that this is set in the USER section rather than the SYSTEM section as these variables are picked up dynamically. They can also be used on Linux.

2 The flexlm tools are no longer distributed on the DVDs. All licensing is now run through the Schlumberger licensing tool. The macros that used to drive flex are also no longer available. Imutil is still provided but it is in the macros directory.

Linux1 The flex version on Linux systems is now 11.6 and uses the slbsls daemons. These will

serve licenses to Windows or Linux applications. The new version of flex supports CodeMeter dongles and now PETREL licenses can be served from Linux as well as Windows license servers.

2 There are major changes to the Linux macros to

• support LSF HPC (with the restriction that the submission machine must be the same type as the compute machines)

• provide proper license aware scheduling for Reservoir coupling jobs

• provide support for RHEL5

• fix a number of problems and errors.

3 A few changes have been made to the ECLIPSE LSF integration kit. In particular, the queuing of MR jobs is now supported. Note that you must upgrade LSF to 7 Update 5 for this to work.

Linux1 You must upgrade to SLES 10 SP1 or at least Redhat 4 Update 6 for all Linux Systems. We

recommend that, if you are on Xeon systems with Harpertown or Nehalem chips, you upgrade to RHEL 5 Update 5.5.

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2 The Infiniband drivers that are now tested are the OFED 1.4.1 drivers. These need to be installed and built, and instructions on how to do this are in the Installation Guide. The rpms are provided on the ECLIPSE DVD. Note, if you are using RHEL 4 Update 6, or RHEL 5 Update 3, you may still be able to use the vendor provided ones, though this is dependent on your hardware: that is, some hardware devices will not support these earlier versions. Also note that RHEL 4 Update 4 is not a good version as the IB fabric drivers do not work.

Parallel ECLIPSEThere were major changes to parallel ECLIPSE in the 2009.1 release. The old MPI Pro version, used only on Windows systems, has been replaced with a new version that utilizes Intel MPI instead. As a result any programs that couple with ECLIPSE must be upgraded to work with the new version. New versions of VISAGE, PIPESIM and R2SL are available and third party applications will need to be changed as well.

ScaliThe supplied version of Scali is now 5.6.7. This release has the built in Scali 5 license. However if you wish to run versions of ECLIPSE earlier than 2006.1 you will need to either get a standalone license from Schlumberger or use Scali 4.4.2. This version is also supplied on the DVD. We recommend that any users of NUMA systems upgrade to this version because there is a serious problem in version 5.3 of Scali which has a 20% performance impact.

DocumentationYou can adjust the displayed PDF bookmarks for the ECLIPSE Suite manuals, if required, using the standard Adobe Acrobat menu options. Selecting Collapse Top-Level Bookmarks from the Bookmarks Options menu displays only the top level bookmarks for an individual PDF file.

Note This can only be done on an individual file basis and must be repeated each time the file is opened.

Reducing the displayed bookmarks to the top level bookmarks may decrease the functionality and usability of the keyword manuals such as the ECLIPSE Reference Manual and the FrontSim User Guide. Further manual adjustments to the displayed bookmarks may be necessary for these manuals.

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Chapter 4Licensing and Installation

How to Install and LicensePlease see the Installation Guide.

Note When running local simulations on Windows through ECLRUN (that is for simulations launched from Petrel or the Simulation Launcher) the license check is disabled by default in ECLRUN. Please refer to the ECLRUN User Guide for details on how to enable the license check.

Backward Compatibility Schlumberger endeavors to maintain license back compatibility (the ability to run for example version 2009.1 of ECLIPSE under a 2010.1 license), but this is only guaranteed over a three year cycle. Clients wishing to run versions that are more than three years old may be required to dedicate licenses to older versions and run a separate license server for this purpose.

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ECLIPSE Release Notes Index 65

Appendix AIndex

AAltered keywords . . . . . . . 35

BBackward compatibility . . . 63

Behavioral Changes. . . . . . 20

EECLIPSE . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 55

FFloGrid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

FloViz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

GGas-Oil

RatioLimit . . . . . . . 13, 18, 37, 43

KKnown Issues . . . . . . . . . . 55

LLicensing and installation . . 63

LimitGas-Oil Ratio13, 18, 37, 43Water Cut. 13, 18, 37, 43Water-Gas Ratio13, 18, 37, 43

NNew Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . 9

PPlatform Availability. . . . . . 7

Platforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

PVTi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

SSystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

WWater Cut

Limit . . . . 13, 18, 37, 43

Water-GasRatio

Limit. . . . . . . .13, 18, 37, 43

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