RELEVANCE - COTEMPORARY HISTORY (BHUDAAN MOVEMENT ASKED IN 2013) – GS 1 - SMALLER STATES – ESSAY...

RELEVANCE-COTEMPORARY HISTORY (BHUDAAN MOVEMENT ASKED IN 2013) – GS 1-SMALLER STATES – ESSAY-SOCIO PAPER 2 – TELANGANA PEASANT MOVEMENT-POLITY – LINKING TO ART 2,3,4, 371-D,FINANCE BILL PASSAGE PROCESS-INTERNAL SECURITY – MAOISM, GREENHUNT

TELANGANA STATE FORMATION

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JOURNEY TO STATEHOOD

17th Sept, 1948 – Hyderabad State including Telangana was freed from Nizam’s Rule (Operation Polo) and merged into the Indian Union.

1953 – 1st SRC appointed to create the states on linguistic lines – For Telangana/Hyderabad as a separate state.

1st Nov, 1953 – Andhra State with Kurnool as capital – carved out of Madras Presidency on linguistic basis after the death of Potti Sriramulu (53 day fast unto death).

Feb, 1956 – Gentlemen’s Agreement – Safeguards for Telangana region by forming Standing Regional Committee(RC). RC to look into legislations pertaining to development and economic planning, Local self govt., Public health and sanitation, education, cottage and small scale industries etc.

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JOURNEY TO STATEHOOD contd..

1st Nov, 1956 – Telangana part (telugu speaking) of Hyderabad State merged with Andhra State.

1969 – Large scale protests launched by Telangana Praja Samiti due to dissatisfaction over how agreements and guarantees were implemented. Over 300 students killed.

1972 – Supreme Court of India upheld Mulki Rules(proposed reservation in jobs for locals).

1972 – Jai Andhra Movement started for separate state of Andhra(coastal and rayalaseema).

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1973 – Political settlement – Six Point formula – 32nd amendment to constitution (Art 371-D).

1985 – Govt. Order 610 to correct the violations in recruitment as employees from Telangana complained about the injustice done in govt. appointments.

2001 – Telangana Rashtra Samiti(TRS) formed under the leadership of KCR with an agenda of Telangana State.

2001 – Congress asked NDA govt. to constitute 2nd SRC to look into the demand of Telangana state. NDA rejected the demand.

2004 – Congress + TRS alliance formed for elections. 2008 – Due to long delay TRS quit the coalition. 2009– YS Rajshekhar Reddy died in Helicopter crash. Political

void created. Same time in 2009 elections TRS did not do well.

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2009 – Large scale protests and fast unto death by KCR. 2010 – Js. Sri Krishna Committee Report – 6 options after

wide consultations. Best Option – United State and creation of statutorily empowerd

Telangana Regional Council(TRC). TRC will take measures for socio-economic development and political empowerment of Telangana region.

Second Best Option – Bifurcation of the state into Telangana and Seemandhra as per existing boundaries, with Hyderabad as the capital of Telangana and Seemandhra to have new capital.

2010-2013 – continuation of protests, general strikes etc. July,2013 – Congress Working Committee unanimously

passed resolution for bifurcation. Dec,2013– President sent the Bill to State Assembly for its

views. Jan,2014– State Assembly rejects the Bill. Feb,2014 – Parliament passes the Bill.

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ARGUMENTS AGAINST TELANGANA

Maoism may reemerge.Telangana today is not same as what it was

immediately post 1948. Due to Hyderabad (40% of state revenues) some progress has been made. In fact districts of Rayalaseema are worse than many other districts in terms of development.

Political instability and spread of maoism in Jharkhand and Chattisgarh. Unlike JHKD and CGH where demands were from interior tribals Telangana demand was primarily from Hyderabad.

Only Hyderabad is developed. But it is the case with most of the states.

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ARGUMENTS AGAINST TELANGANA contd..

Geographical advantages and disadvantages would remain even if Telangana is made a separate state.

Domination of people from other regions(esp coastal andhra). This holds true for many other places e.g. Gujaratis in Mumbai, Punjabis in Delhi, Non kannadigas in Bangalore.

Open up Pandora’s Box.

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ARGUMENTS FOR TELANGANA

Fazal Ali Commission was against merger of Telangana in 1950s.

1st SRC highlighted the concerns of telanganites and apprehension of domination of andhrites over the educationally backward telanganites.

Share of river water and irrigation projects for Telangana reduced in last 5 decades.

If there can be 9 hindi speaking states, why not 2 telugu speaking. Especially when Telugu is the most spoken language after Hindi.

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ARGUMENTS FOR TELANGANA contd..

Out of 35 political units (28 states +7 UTs) 25 units have lesser population than Telangana (3 cr people).

All 10 telangana districts have same historical background, geographic closeness, cultural commonality, language unity and mutual understanding among people.

There is need for more states ? The US with 32 cr. Population has 50 states. Germany with 8 cr population has 16 Landers.

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AP Reorganisation Bill 2013- Highlights

Telangana – 10 districts, Seemandhra - 13 districts (9 coastal + 4 rayalaseema)

##Hyderabad to be common capital for a period not exceeding 10 yrs.

Capital of Andhra Pradesh (Seemandhra) to be decided by an expert committee in 45 days after the bifurcation.

##Common Governor (S)he will have special responsibility for the

security of life, liberty and property of all the people in the common capital of Hyderabad.

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AP Reorganisation Bill 2013 – Highlights contd..

Responsibilities extend to matters such as Law and Order, internal security of vital installations, and management and allocations of government buildings in common capital area.

Governor will be assisted by 2 advisors to be appointed by the central police forces.

Greyhound Training Centre – Hyderabad to be common for 3 yrs. Central financial assistance will be provided for such centers in future for A.P.

Greyhound and OCTOPUS(Orgn. For Counter Terrorism Operations) forces shall be distributed.

Amendments to the statute – First and Second schedules of the constitution.

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Council of states (Rajya Sabha) – Amendment to Fourth schedule. 11(seemandhra) + 7(telangana) members.

House of people (Lok Sabha) – Amendment to RPA,1950. 25(seemandhra) + 17(telangana)

Legislative Assembly – 175 + 119 = 294. Provisional L.A for Telangana to be created with speaker and Deputy Speaker appointed.

Legislative Council – 50+40=90 (Art 169).Election Commission to determine the no. of

seats to reserved for SC and STs.

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High Court of Hyd. To be common until new one created

Expenditure, Revenues, Accounts, Assets and Liabilities, Land and Goods, Arrears of taxes, Treasury, Investment and credits, Debts, PF and Pensions to appropriately divided.

A.I.S – Cadre to be changed.Public Service Commission of AP function

commonly until new one is constituted for Telangana (Art 315) .

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##Water ResourcesCentral Govt. will constitute an Apex Council

(AC) for the supervision of the functioning of the Godavari River Management Board and Krishna River Management Board.

AC will be involved in Planning and approval of proposals for construction of new projects after getting proposal appraised and recommended by River Mgmt. Boards and Central Water Commission.

In addition to KWDT a new Tribunal may be created under the Inter State River Disputes Act,1956.

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##River Management BoardCentral Govt. will constitute 2 separate boards

GRMB(HQ in telangana) and KRMB(HQ in Seemandhra) within 60 days for the administration, regulation, maintenance and operation of such projects, as may be notified by Central govt.

Both will be autonomous bodies under the administrative control of the Central Govt.

Boards will regulate supply of water from projects having regard to the tribunals.

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##Polavaram Project (West Godavari) will be a national project.

Tax Incentives.Higher education institutes.

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CONCERNS OF SEEMANDHRA PEOPLE

Safety of self and assets of andhrites in Telangana esp. Hyderabad.

What about future jobs in IT and Pharma for seemandhra people.

Difficult to build a city like Hyderabad in Seemandhra in 10 yrs.

Hyderabad contributes significantly to the overall state revenues. How can that be compensated for in Seemandhra(currently 60% of AP’s population but 40% of revenues).

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ROAD AHEAD

Need for 2nd SRC which will have to pay attention to size and democratic-developmental governance.

Reorganization cannot be simply based on the workarble formula or political expediency.

Can we have Multi – Stage procedure of creating states ?STAGE I – SRC A SRC should be appointed say every 30 yrs, with 2nd SRC

in 2014. 2nd SRC should set out the possible new states based on

language, regional needs, economic and administrative viability etc.

The findings of 2nd SRC would identify the new states that could be created over the next 30 yrs with their specified borders. This does not mean that these states would be created automatically. They would need to move through stage II and III

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ROAD AHEAD contd..

STAGE II – The Political ProcessOnce the area is identified as a potential new

state see whether there is a genuine popular support with in the region.

It could be a demand by a political party with at least 25% vote share in preceding assembly elections (OR) Demand by 1/3rd MLAs of Assembly and 50% MLAs of that particular region.

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ROAD AHEAD contd..

STAGE III – The People’s verdictReferendum in the region(not whole state)

within 1 yr of the demand with a straight choice of ‘yes’ and a ‘no’ for the state as defined by the SRC. No further bargains please.

At least 2/3 of the electorate of the region should participate and at least 50% of total electorate should vote in favor of a new state.

If referendum is won – New state created.If referendum in lost – Stage II and Stage III

cannot be revisited for at least 5 yrs.

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RELEVANCE - COTEMPORARY HISTORY (BHUDAAN MOVEMENT ASKED IN 2013) – GS 1 - SMALLER STATES – ESSAY...

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